UniProtKB - O15534 (PER1_HUMAN)

BLAST

>sp|O15534|PER1_HUMAN Period circadian protein homolog 1 OS=Homo sapiens OX=9606 GN=PER1 PE=1 SV=2
MSGPLEGADGGGDPRPGESFCPGGVPSPGPPQHRPCPGPSLADDTDANSNGSSGNESNGH
ESRGASQRSSHSSSSGNGKDSALLETTESSKSTNSQSPSPPSSSIAYSLLSASSEQDNPS
TSGCSSEQSARARTQKELMTALRELKLRLPPERRGKGRSGTLATLQYALACVKQVQANQE
YYQQWSLEEGEPCSMDMSTYTLEELEHITSEYTLQNQDTFSVAVSFLTGRIVYISEQAAV
LLRCKRDVFRGTRFSELLAPQDVGVFYGSTAPSRLPTWGTGASAGSGLRDFTQEKSVFCR
IRGGPDRDPGPRYQPFRLTPYVTKIRVSDGAPAQPCCLLIAERIHSGYEAPRIPPDKRIF
TTRHTPSCLFQDVDERAAPLLGYLPQDLLGAPVLLFLHPEDRPLMLAIHKKILQLAGQPF
DHSPIRFCARNGEYVTMDTSWAGFVHPWSRKVAFVLGRHKVRTAPLNEDVFTPPAPSPAP
SLDTDIQELSEQIHRLLLQPVHSPSPTGLCGVGAVTSPGPLHSPGSSSDSNGGDAEGPGP
PAPVTFQQICKDVHLVKHQGQQLFIESRARPQSRPRLPATGTFKAKALPCQSPDPELEAG
SAPVQAPLALVPEEAERKEASSCSYQQINCLDSILRYLESCNLPSTTKRKCASSSSYTTS
SASDDDRQRTGPVSVGTKKDPPSAALSGEGATPRKEPVVGGTLSPLALANKAESVVSVTS
QCSFSSTIVHVGDKKPPESDIIMMEDLPGLAPGPAPSPAPSPTVAPDPAPDAYRPVGLTK
AVLSLHTQKEEQAFLSRFRDLGRLRGLDSSSTAPSALGERGCHHGPAPPSRRHHCRSKAK
RSRHHQNPRAEAPCYVSHPSPVPPSTPWPTPPATTPFPAVVQPYPLPVFSPRGGPQPLPP
APTSVPPAAFPAPLVTPMVALVLPNYLFPTPSSYPYGALQTPAEGPPTPASHSPSPSLPA
LAPSPPHRPDSPLFNSRCSSPLQLNLLQLEELPRAEGAAVAGGPGSSAGPPPPSAEAAEP
EARLAEVTESSNQDALSGSSDLLELLLQEDSRSGTGSAASGSLGSGLGSGSGSGSHEGGS
TSASITRSSQSSHTSKYFGSIDSSEAEAGAARGGAEPGDQVIKYVLQDPIWLLMANADQR
VMMTYQVPSRDMTSVLKQDRERLRAMQKQQPRFSEDQRRELGAVHSWVRKGQLPRALDVM
ACVDCGSSTQDPGHPDDPLFSELDGLGLEPMEEGGGEQGSSGGGSGEGEGCEEAQGGAKA
SSSQDLAMEEEEEGRSSSSPALPTAGNCTS

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History
Entry version 178 (07 Nov 2018)
Sequence version 2 (16 Dec 2008)
Previous versions | rss
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Protein

Period circadian protein homolog 1

Gene

PER1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Status

Reviewed-Annotation score: -Experimental evidence at protein levelⁱ

Functionⁱ

Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively. Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging. A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism. Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') within their promoters. The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1|ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression. This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress ARNTL/BMAL1 transcription, respectively. Regulates circadian target genes expression at post-transcriptional levels, but may not be required for the repression at transcriptional level. Controls PER2 protein decay. Represses CRY2 preventing its repression on CLOCK/ARNTL target genes such as FXYD5 and SCNN1A in kidney and PPARA in liver. Besides its involvement in the maintenance of the circadian clock, has an important function in the regulation of several processes. Participates in the repression of glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1/GR-induced transcriptional activity by reducing the association of NR3C1/GR to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) by ARNTL:CLOCK. Plays a role in the modulation of the neuroinflammatory state via the regulation of inflammatory mediators release, such as CCL2 and IL6. In spinal astrocytes, negatively regulates the MAPK14/p38 and MAPK8/JNK MAPK cascades as well as the subsequent activation of NFkappaB. Coordinately regulates the expression of multiple genes that are involved in the regulation of renal sodium reabsorption. Can act as gene expression activator in a gene and tissue specific manner, in kidney enhances WNK1 and SLC12A3 expression in collaboration with CLOCK. Modulates hair follicle cycling. Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 induced transcription of BHLHE40/DEC1.1 Publication

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

chromatin DNA binding Source: UniProtKB
E-box binding
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 18411297
kinase binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 15917222
RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 18411297
transcription corepressor binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
transcription factor binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
ubiquitin protein ligase binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 15917222

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processⁱ

circadian regulation of gene expression
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 24005054
circadian regulation of translation Source: UniProtKB
circadian rhythm
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from expression patternⁱ
- 14645221
entrainment of circadian clock
Source: ProtInc
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 9323128
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod Source: UniProtKB
histone H3 acetylation
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 14645221
histone H3 deacetylation Source: UniProtKB
histone H4 acetylation
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 14645221
negative regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: UniProtKB
negative regulation of JNK cascade Source: UniProtKB
negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCL
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: UniProtKB
posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression Source: UniProtKB
regulation of circadian rhythm Source: UniProtKB
regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
regulation of hair cycle
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
- 24005054
regulation of p38MAPK cascade Source: UniProtKB
regulation of sodium ion transport Source: UniProtKB
response to cAMP Source: Ensembl
response to light stimulus
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsⁱ

Biological process	Biological rhythms, Transcription, Transcription regulation

Biological process

Biological rhythms, Transcription, Transcription regulation

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-400253 Circadian Clock
SIGNORⁱ	O15534

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Protein namesⁱ	Recommended name: Period circadian protein homolog 1 Short name: hPER1 Alternative name(s): Circadian clock protein PERIOD 1 Circadian pacemaker protein Rigui
Gene namesⁱ	Name:PER1 Synonyms:KIAA0482, PER, RIGUI
Organismⁱ	Homo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifierⁱ	9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageⁱ	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Dipnotetrapodomorpha › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Boreoeutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo
Proteomesⁱ	UP000005640 Componentⁱ: Chromosome 17

Organism-specific databases

EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000179094.13
Human Gene Nomenclature Database More...HGNCⁱ	HGNC:8845 PER1
MIMⁱ	602260 gene
neXtProtⁱ	NX_O15534

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Cytoplasm, Nucleus

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Mutagenesisⁱ	121 – 126	TSGCSS → AAGCSA: Strongly decreases interaction with BTRC and FBXW11 and inhibits degradation promoted by CSNK1E.	6
Mutagenesisⁱ	210 – 213	SEYT → AEYA: No effect on interaction with BTRC and FBXW11. 1 Publication	4
Mutagenesisⁱ	714 – 726	SVVSV…CSFSS → AVVAVTAQCAFAA: No effect on interaction with BTRC and FBXW11. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST	13
Mutagenesisⁱ	794 – 798	FLSRF → ALSRA: Strongly decreases interaction with BTRC and FBXW11. 1 Publication	5

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET More...DisGeNETⁱ	5187
Open Targets More...OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000179094
PharmGKBⁱ	PA33184

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	PER1

BioMutaⁱ

PER1

PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
ChainⁱPRO_0000162627	1 – 1290	Period circadian protein homolog 1Add BLAST		1290

Amino acid modifications

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Modified residueⁱ	121	Phosphothreonine; by CSNK1ESequence analysis	1
Modified residueⁱ	122	Phosphoserine; by CSNK1ESequence analysis	1
Modified residueⁱ	126	Phosphoserine; by CSNK1ESequence analysis	1
Modified residueⁱ	661	PhosphoserineBy similarity	1
Modified residueⁱ	663	PhosphoserineBy similarity	1
Modified residueⁱ	704	PhosphoserineCombined sources	1
Modified residueⁱ	815	PhosphoserineCombined sources	1
Modified residueⁱ	979	PhosphoserineCombined sources	1
Modified residueⁱ	980	PhosphoserineCombined sources	1

Post-translational modificationⁱ

Phosphorylated on serine residues by CSNK1D, CSNK1E and probably also by CSNK1G2. Phosphorylation by CSNK1D or CSNK1E promotes nuclear location of PER proteins as well as ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. May be dephosphorylated by PP1.1 Publication

Ubiquitinated; requires phosphorylation by CSNK1E and interaction with BTRC and FBXW11. Deubiquitinated by USP2 (By similarity).By similarity1 Publication

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Phosphoprotein, Ubl conjugation

Proteomic databases

EPDⁱ	O15534
PaxDbⁱ	O15534
PeptideAtlas More...PeptideAtlasⁱ	O15534
PRIDEⁱ	O15534
ProteomicsDBⁱ	48743

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	O15534
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	O15534

Expressionⁱ

Tissue specificityⁱ

Widely expressed. Expressed in hair follicles (at protein level).Found in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, kidney, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary and small intestine. Highest level in skeletal muscle.4 Publications

Inductionⁱ

Serum-induced levels in fibroblasts show circadian oscillations. Maximum levels after 1 hour stimulation, minimum levels after 12 hours. Another peak is then observed after 20 hours. Protein levels show maximum levels at 6 hours, decrease to reach minimum levels at 20 hours, and increase again to reach a second peak after 26 hours. Levels then decrease slightly and then increase to maximum levels at 32 hours. Levels of phosphorylated form increase between 3 hours and 12 hours.1 Publication

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000179094 Expressed in 224 organ(s), highest expression level in right adrenal gland
CleanExⁱ	HS_PER1
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	O15534 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	O15534 HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas More...HPAⁱ	HPA047947 HPA067064

HPAⁱ

HPA047947
HPA067064

Interactionⁱ

Subunit structureⁱ

Homodimer. Component of the circadian core oscillator, which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS, and the PER proteins. Interacts directly with TIMELESS, PER2, PER3 and, through a C-terminal domain, with CRY1 and CRY2. Interacts with ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK. Interacts with GPRASP1. Interacts (phosphorylated) with BTRC and FBXW11; the interactions trigger proteasomal degradation. Interacts with NONO, WDR5 and SFPQ. Interacts with USP2 (By similarity).By similarity1 Publication

Binary interactionsⁱ

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
Cry2	Q9R194	3	EBI-2557276,EBI-1266619	From Mus musculus.

With

Entry

#Exp.

IntAct

Notes

Cry2

Q9R194

EBI-2557276,EBI-1266619

From Mus musculus.

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

kinase binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 15917222
transcription corepressor binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
transcription factor binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
ubiquitin protein ligase binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 15917222

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	111210, 46 interactors
ComplexPortalⁱ	CPX-3221 Cry2-Per1 complex CPX-3222 Cry1-Per1 complex
Database of interacting proteins More...DIPⁱ	DIP-56603N
IntActⁱ	O15534, 10 interactors
Molecular INTeraction database More...MINTⁱ	O15534
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000314420

Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	O15534
SMRⁱ	O15534
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Domainⁱ	208 – 275	PAS 1PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST	68
Domainⁱ	348 – 414	PAS 2PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST	67
Domainⁱ	422 – 465	PACAdd BLAST	44

Region

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Regionⁱ	1 – 151	Interaction with BTRC1 PublicationAdd BLAST	151
Regionⁱ	596 – 815	Required for phosphorylation by CSNK1EBy similarityAdd BLAST	220
Regionⁱ	1149 – 1290	CRY binding domainBy similarityAdd BLAST	142

Motif

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Motifⁱ	138 – 147	Nuclear export signal 1By similarity	10
Motifⁱ	489 – 498	Nuclear export signal 2By similarity	10
Motifⁱ	827 – 843	Nuclear localization signalBy similarityAdd BLAST	17
Motifⁱ	982 – 989	Nuclear export signal 3By similarity	8
Motifⁱ	1043 – 1047	LXXLL	5

Compositional bias

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Compositional biasⁱ	49 – 129	Ser-richAdd BLAST	81
Compositional biasⁱ	653 – 656	Poly-Ser	4
Compositional biasⁱ	848 – 1013	Pro-richAdd BLAST	166
Compositional biasⁱ	1030 – 1104	Ser-richAdd BLAST	75
Compositional biasⁱ	1269 – 1273	Poly-Glu	5
Compositional biasⁱ	1276 – 1279	Poly-Ser	4

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Repeat

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	ENOG410IMRF Eukaryota ENOG410ZBUP LUCA
Ensembl GeneTree More...GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00510000046467
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000231111
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG008167
InParanoidⁱ	O15534
KEGG Orthology (KO) More...KOⁱ	K21944
OMAⁱ	RHHQTPR
Database of Orthologous Groups More...OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G00PA
PhylomeDBⁱ	O15534
TreeFamⁱ	TF318445

Family and domain databases

Conserved Domains Database More...CDDⁱ	cd00130 PAS, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR000014 PAS IPR035965 PAS-like_dom_sf IPR013655 PAS_fold_3 IPR022728 Period_circadian-like_C
Pfam protein domain database More...Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF08447 PAS_3, 1 hit PF12114 Period_C, 1 hit
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00091 PAS, 2 hits
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF55785 SSF55785, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS50112 PAS, 1 hit

Sequences (4+)ⁱ

Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry describes 4 isoformsⁱ produced by alternative splicing. Align Add to basket

Note: Additional isoforms seem to exist.

This entry has 4 described isoforms and 7 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show all Align All

Isoform Rigui 4.7 (identifier: O15534-1) [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

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        10         20         30         40         50
MSGPLEGADG GGDPRPGESF CPGGVPSPGP PQHRPCPGPS LADDTDANSN 
        60         70         80         90        100
GSSGNESNGH ESRGASQRSS HSSSSGNGKD SALLETTESS KSTNSQSPSP 
       110        120        130        140        150
PSSSIAYSLL SASSEQDNPS TSGCSSEQSA RARTQKELMT ALRELKLRLP 
       160        170        180        190        200
PERRGKGRSG TLATLQYALA CVKQVQANQE YYQQWSLEEG EPCSMDMSTY 
       210        220        230        240        250
TLEELEHITS EYTLQNQDTF SVAVSFLTGR IVYISEQAAV LLRCKRDVFR 
       260        270        280        290        300
GTRFSELLAP QDVGVFYGST APSRLPTWGT GASAGSGLRD FTQEKSVFCR 
       310        320        330        340        350
IRGGPDRDPG PRYQPFRLTP YVTKIRVSDG APAQPCCLLI AERIHSGYEA 
       360        370        380        390        400
PRIPPDKRIF TTRHTPSCLF QDVDERAAPL LGYLPQDLLG APVLLFLHPE 
       410        420        430        440        450
DRPLMLAIHK KILQLAGQPF DHSPIRFCAR NGEYVTMDTS WAGFVHPWSR 
       460        470        480        490        500
KVAFVLGRHK VRTAPLNEDV FTPPAPSPAP SLDTDIQELS EQIHRLLLQP 
       510        520        530        540        550
VHSPSPTGLC GVGAVTSPGP LHSPGSSSDS NGGDAEGPGP PAPVTFQQIC 
       560        570        580        590        600
KDVHLVKHQG QQLFIESRAR PQSRPRLPAT GTFKAKALPC QSPDPELEAG 
       610        620        630        640        650
SAPVQAPLAL VPEEAERKEA SSCSYQQINC LDSILRYLES CNLPSTTKRK 
       660        670        680        690        700
CASSSSYTTS SASDDDRQRT GPVSVGTKKD PPSAALSGEG ATPRKEPVVG 
       710        720        730        740        750
GTLSPLALAN KAESVVSVTS QCSFSSTIVH VGDKKPPESD IIMMEDLPGL 
       760        770        780        790        800
APGPAPSPAP SPTVAPDPAP DAYRPVGLTK AVLSLHTQKE EQAFLSRFRD 
       810        820        830        840        850
LGRLRGLDSS STAPSALGER GCHHGPAPPS RRHHCRSKAK RSRHHQNPRA 
       860        870        880        890        900
EAPCYVSHPS PVPPSTPWPT PPATTPFPAV VQPYPLPVFS PRGGPQPLPP 
       910        920        930        940        950
APTSVPPAAF PAPLVTPMVA LVLPNYLFPT PSSYPYGALQ TPAEGPPTPA 
       960        970        980        990       1000
SHSPSPSLPA LAPSPPHRPD SPLFNSRCSS PLQLNLLQLE ELPRAEGAAV 
      1010       1020       1030       1040       1050
AGGPGSSAGP PPPSAEAAEP EARLAEVTES SNQDALSGSS DLLELLLQED 
      1060       1070       1080       1090       1100
SRSGTGSAAS GSLGSGLGSG SGSGSHEGGS TSASITRSSQ SSHTSKYFGS 
      1110       1120       1130       1140       1150
IDSSEAEAGA ARGGAEPGDQ VIKYVLQDPI WLLMANADQR VMMTYQVPSR 
      1160       1170       1180       1190       1200
DMTSVLKQDR ERLRAMQKQQ PRFSEDQRRE LGAVHSWVRK GQLPRALDVM 
      1210       1220       1230       1240       1250
ACVDCGSSTQ DPGHPDDPLF SELDGLGLEP MEEGGGEQGS SGGGSGEGEG 
      1260       1270       1280       1290
CEEAQGGAKA SSSQDLAMEE EEEGRSSSSP ALPTAGNCTS

Length:1,290

Mass (Da):136,212

Last modified:December 16, 2008 - v2

Checksum:ⁱ60B844468EEF4D1B

Isoform Rigui 3.0 (identifier: O15534-2)

Sequence is not available

Length:–

Mass (Da):–

Isoform Rigui 6.6 (identifier: O15534-3)

Also known as: Truncated

Sequence is not available

Length:–

Mass (Da):–

Isoform 2 (identifier: O15534-4) [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-32: MSGPLEGADGGGDPRPGESFCPGGVPSPGPPQ → MLEVLEEIWSVRARRA
     822-875: CHHGPAPPSR...TPWPTPPATT → SHLGPPGACP...GTGPSLASPH
     876-1290: Missing.

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        10         20         30         40         50
MLEVLEEIWS VRARRAHRPC PGPSLADDTD ANSNGSSGNE SNGHESRGAS 
        60         70         80         90        100
QRSSHSSSSG NGKDSALLET TESSKSTNSQ SPSPPSSSIA YSLLSASSEQ 
       110        120        130        140        150
DNPSTSGCSS EQSARARTQK ELMTALRELK LRLPPERRGK GRSGTLATLQ 
       160        170        180        190        200
YALACVKQVQ ANQEYYQQWS LEEGEPCSMD MSTYTLEELE HITSEYTLQN 
       210        220        230        240        250
QDTFSVAVSF LTGRIVYISE QAAVLLRCKR DVFRGTRFSE LLAPQDVGVF 
       260        270        280        290        300
YGSTAPSRLP TWGTGASAGS GLRDFTQEKS VFCRIRGGPD RDPGPRYQPF 
       310        320        330        340        350
RLTPYVTKIR VSDGAPAQPC CLLIAERIHS GYEAPRIPPD KRIFTTRHTP 
       360        370        380        390        400
SCLFQDVDER AAPLLGYLPQ DLLGAPVLLF LHPEDRPLML AIHKKILQLA 
       410        420        430        440        450
GQPFDHSPIR FCARNGEYVT MDTSWAGFVH PWSRKVAFVL GRHKVRTAPL 
       460        470        480        490        500
NEDVFTPPAP SPAPSLDTDI QELSEQIHRL LLQPVHSPSP TGLCGVGAVT 
       510        520        530        540        550
SPGPLHSPGS SSDSNGGDAE GPGPPAPVTF QQICKDVHLV KHQGQQLFIE 
       560        570        580        590        600
SRARPQSRPR LPATGTFKAK ALPCQSPDPE LEAGSAPVQA PLALVPEEAE 
       610        620        630        640        650
RKEASSCSYQ QINCLDSILR YLESCNLPST TKRKCASSSS YTTSSASDDD 
       660        670        680        690        700
RQRTGPVSVG TKKDPPSAAL SGEGATPRKE PVVGGTLSPL ALANKAESVV 
       710        720        730        740        750
SVTSQCSFSS TIVHVGDKKP PESDIIMMED LPGLAPGPAP SPAPSPTVAP 
       760        770        780        790        800
DPAPDAYRPV GLTKAVLSLH TQKEEQAFLS RFRDLGRLRG LDSSSTAPSA 
       810        820        830        840        850
LGERGSHLGP PGACPLPSLG LDCWGVGLKG GVSAPGTQAG VASTTRPCLG 

TGPSLASPH

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Show »

Length:859

Mass (Da):91,644

Checksum:ⁱ08F94197E204DEE5

Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesⁱ

There are 7 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLAST Align Show all Add to basket

Entry	Entry name	Protein names	Gene names	Length	Annotation

J3KRL7	J3KRL7_HUMAN	Period circadian protein homolog 1 Period circadian protein homolog 1	PER1	1,267	Annotation score:
J3QLQ5	J3QLQ5_HUMAN	Period circadian protein homolog 1 Period circadian protein homolog 1	PER1	112	Annotation score:
J3KSL6	J3KSL6_HUMAN	Period circadian protein homolog 1 Period circadian protein homolog 1	PER1	117	Annotation score:
J3QSH9	J3QSH9_HUMAN	Period circadian protein homolog 1 Period circadian protein homolog 1 (Period homolog 1 (Drosophila), isoform CRA_b)	PER1 hCG_31279	572	Annotation score:
J3KTM2	J3KTM2_HUMAN	Period circadian protein homolog 1 Period circadian protein homolog 1	PER1	824	Annotation score:
J3QL55	J3QL55_HUMAN	Period circadian protein homolog 1 Period circadian protein homolog 1	PER1	175	Annotation score:
J3QL46	J3QL46_HUMAN	Period circadian protein homolog 1 Period circadian protein homolog 1	PER1	168	Annotation score:

Sequence cautionⁱ

The sequence BAC06326 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened.Curated

Natural variant

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Natural variantⁱVAR_079176	422	H → Q Found in a patient with Moyamoya disease; unknown pathological significance. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs1464745710Ensembl.	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_036038	696	E → Q in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation. 1 Publication	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_047899	962	A → P7 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs2585405Ensembl.	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_047900	968	R → H. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs3027193Ensembl.	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_036039	985	N → S in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs1323588262Ensembl.	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_036040	1060	S → L in a colorectal cancer sample; somatic mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs761958964Ensembl.	1

Alternative sequence

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Alternative sequenceⁱVSP_056205	1 – 32	MSGPL…PGPPQ → MLEVLEEIWSVRARRA in isoform 2. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST	32
Alternative sequenceⁱVSP_056206	822 – 875	CHHGP…PPATT → SHLGPPGACPLPSLGLDCWG VGLKGGVSAPGTQAGVASTT RPCLGTGPSLASPH in isoform 2. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST	54
Alternative sequenceⁱVSP_056207	876 – 1290	Missing in isoform 2. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST	415

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	AF022991 mRNA Translation: AAC51765.1 AB002107 mRNA Translation: BAA22633.1 AF102137 Genomic DNA Translation: AAF15544.1 AB030817 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA94085.1 AB088477 mRNA Translation: BAC06326.2 Different initiation. AK295410 mRNA Translation: BAG58361.1 AC129492 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471108 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW90090.1 CH471108 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW90091.1 BC137346 mRNA Translation: AAI37347.1
The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project More...CCDSⁱ	CCDS11131.1 [O15534-1]
PIRⁱ	T00018
NCBI Reference Sequences More...RefSeqⁱ	NP_002607.2, NM_002616.2 [O15534-1] XP_005256746.1, XM_005256689.1 [O15534-1]
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.445534

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000317276; ENSP00000314420; ENSG00000179094 [O15534-1] ENST00000354903; ENSP00000346979; ENSG00000179094 [O15534-4]
GeneIDⁱ	5187
KEGGⁱ	hsa:5187
UCSC genome browser More...UCSCⁱ	uc002gkd.4 human [O15534-1]

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

Alternative splicing, Polymorphism

Similar proteinsⁱ

90% Identity
50% Identity

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O15534	Period circadian protein homolog 1	)	MOUSE		1291	UniRef90_O35973
Period circadian protein homolog 1		RAT		1293
Period circadian protein homolog 1		SPAJD		1285
Uncharacterized protein		MACNE		1366
Period circadian regulator 1		SAIBB		1299
+73
O15534-4	PER1 isoform 12		PANTR		859	UniRef90_O15534-4
Uncharacterized protein		MACFA		858
Uncharacterized protein		CERAT		858
Uncharacterized protein		MANLE		858
Uncharacterized protein		PAPAN		858
+11

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O15534	Period circadian protein homolog 1	)	MOUSE		1291	UniRef50_O35973
Period circadian protein homolog 1		RAT		1293
Period circadian protein homolog 1		SPAJD		1285
Uncharacterized protein		MACNE		1366
Period circadian regulator 1		SAIBB		1299
+287
O15534-4	PER1 isoform 12		PANTR		859	UniRef50_O15534-4
Uncharacterized protein		MACNE		858
Uncharacterized protein		PAPAN		858
Uncharacterized protein		MACFA		858
Uncharacterized protein		CERAT		858
+17

Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	AF022991 mRNA Translation: AAC51765.1 AB002107 mRNA Translation: BAA22633.1 AF102137 Genomic DNA Translation: AAF15544.1 AB030817 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA94085.1 AB088477 mRNA Translation: BAC06326.2 Different initiation. AK295410 mRNA Translation: BAG58361.1 AC129492 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471108 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW90090.1 CH471108 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW90091.1 BC137346 mRNA Translation: AAI37347.1
CCDSⁱ	CCDS11131.1 [O15534-1]
PIRⁱ	T00018
RefSeqⁱ	NP_002607.2, NM_002616.2 [O15534-1] XP_005256746.1, XM_005256689.1 [O15534-1]
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.445534

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations: Protein Data Bank Europe More...PDBeⁱ Protein Data Bank RCSB More...RCSB PDBⁱ Protein Data Bank Japan More...PDBjⁱ Links Updated	PDB entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
	1UL6	model	-	A	830-845	[»]
ProteinModelPortalⁱ	O15534
SMRⁱ	O15534
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	111210, 46 interactors
ComplexPortalⁱ	CPX-3221 Cry2-Per1 complex CPX-3222 Cry1-Per1 complex
DIPⁱ	DIP-56603N
IntActⁱ	O15534, 10 interactors
MINTⁱ	O15534
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000314420

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	O15534
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	O15534

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	PER1

BioMutaⁱ

PER1

Proteomic databases

EPDⁱ	O15534
PaxDbⁱ	O15534
PeptideAtlasⁱ	O15534
PRIDEⁱ	O15534
ProteomicsDBⁱ	48743

Protocols and materials databases

Structural Biology Knowledgebase	Search...

Structural Biology Knowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000317276; ENSP00000314420; ENSG00000179094 [O15534-1] ENST00000354903; ENSP00000346979; ENSG00000179094 [O15534-4]
GeneIDⁱ	5187
KEGGⁱ	hsa:5187
UCSCⁱ	uc002gkd.4 human [O15534-1]

Organism-specific databases

CTDⁱ	5187
DisGeNETⁱ	5187
EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000179094.13
GeneCardsⁱ	PER1
H-InvDBⁱ	HIX0039072
HGNCⁱ	HGNC:8845 PER1
HPAⁱ	HPA047947 HPA067064
MIMⁱ	602260 gene
neXtProtⁱ	NX_O15534
OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000179094
PharmGKBⁱ	PA33184
HUGEⁱ	Search...
GenAtlas: human gene database More...GenAtlasⁱ	Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	ENOG410IMRF Eukaryota ENOG410ZBUP LUCA
GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00510000046467
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000231111
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG008167
InParanoidⁱ	O15534
KOⁱ	K21944
OMAⁱ	RHHQTPR
OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G00PA
PhylomeDBⁱ	O15534
TreeFamⁱ	TF318445

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-400253 Circadian Clock
SIGNORⁱ	O15534

Miscellaneous databases

ChiTaRSⁱ	PER1 human
GeneWikiⁱ	PER1
GenomeRNAiⁱ	5187
Protein Ontology More...PROⁱ	PR:O15534
SOURCEⁱ	Search...

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000179094 Expressed in 224 organ(s), highest expression level in right adrenal gland
CleanExⁱ	HS_PER1
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	O15534 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	O15534 HS

Family and domain databases

CDDⁱ	cd00130 PAS, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR000014 PAS IPR035965 PAS-like_dom_sf IPR013655 PAS_fold_3 IPR022728 Period_circadian-like_C
Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF08447 PAS_3, 1 hit PF12114 Period_C, 1 hit
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00091 PAS, 2 hits
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF55785 SSF55785, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS50112 PAS, 1 hit
ProtoNetⁱ	Search...

Entry informationⁱ

Entry nameⁱ	PER1_HUMAN
Accessionⁱ	O15534Primary (citable) accession number: O15534 Secondary accession number(s): B2RPA8, B4DI49, D3DTR3
Entry historyⁱ	Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1999
	Last sequence update:	December 16, 2008
	Last modified:	November 7, 2018
	This is version 178 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusⁱ	Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation program	Chordata Protein Annotation Program
Disclaimer	Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

3D-structure, Complete proteome, Reference proteome

Documents

Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
Human polymorphisms and disease mutations
Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations
MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Human chromosome 17
Human chromosome 17: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

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UniProtKB - O15534 (PER1_HUMAN)

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Period circadian protein homolog 1

PER1

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<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

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Enzyme and pathway databases

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3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

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Keywords - Domaini

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<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautioni

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Alternative sequence

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Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

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Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

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Functionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GO - Biological processⁱ

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

PTM / Processingⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Expressionⁱ

Interactionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

Structureⁱ

Family & Domainsⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Sequence cautionⁱ

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

Cross-referencesⁱ

Entry informationⁱ

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ