BHLHE40

Functionⁱ

Transcriptional repressor involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm by negatively regulating the activity of the clock genes and clock-controlled genes. Acts as the negative limb of a novel autoregulatory feedback loop (DEC loop) which differs from the one formed by the PER and CRY transcriptional repressors (PER/CRY loop). Both these loops are interlocked as it represses the expression of PER1/2 and in turn is repressed by PER1/2 and CRY1/2. Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1|ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer by competing for the binding to E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') found within the promoters of its target genes. Negatively regulates its own expression and the expression of DBP and BHLHE41/DEC2. Acts as a corepressor of RXR and the RXR-LXR heterodimers and represses the ligand-induced RXRA and NR1H3/LXRA transactivation activity. May be involved in the regulation of chondrocyte differentiation via the cAMP pathway.6 Publications

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

bHLH transcription factor binding
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 12397359
- 15193144
DNA-binding transcription factor activity
Source: UniProtKB
Non-traceable author statementⁱ
- 9240428
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 12397359
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 12397359
E-box binding
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
MRF binding Source: BHF-UCL
protein domain specific binding
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 15560782
protein heterodimerization activity
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
protein homodimerization activity
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15560782
proximal promoter DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding Source: BHF-UCL
RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding Source: Ensembl
RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
sequence-specific DNA binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
transcription corepressor activity
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 19786558
transcription factor binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processⁱ

cell differentiation
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
circadian regulation of gene expression
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 18411297
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from sequence or structural similarityⁱ
- 18411297
negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 18411297
negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 12397359
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
Notch signaling pathway
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
regulation of neurogenesis
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
Source: UniProtKB
Non-traceable author statementⁱ
- 9240428
somitogenesis
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsⁱ

Molecular function	DNA-binding, Repressor
Biological process	Biological rhythms, Transcription, Transcription regulation

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-1368108 BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression
SignaLinkⁱ	O14503
SIGNORⁱ	O14503

Protein family/group databases

MoonDBⁱ	O14503 Predicted

MoonDBⁱ

O14503 Predicted

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Protein namesⁱ	Recommended name: Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40 Short name: bHLHe40 Alternative name(s): Class B basic helix-loop-helix protein 2 Short name: bHLHb2 Differentially expressed in chondrocytes protein 1 Short name: DEC1 Enhancer-of-split and hairy-related protein 2 Short name: SHARP-2 Stimulated by retinoic acid gene 13 protein
Gene namesⁱ	Name:BHLHE40 Synonyms:BHLHB2, DEC1, SHARP2, STRA13
Organismⁱ	Homo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifierⁱ	9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageⁱ	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Dipnotetrapodomorpha › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Boreoeutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo
Proteomesⁱ	UP000005640 Componentⁱ: Chromosome 3

Organism-specific databases

EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000134107.4
Human Gene Nomenclature Database More...HGNCⁱ	HGNC:1046 BHLHE40
MIMⁱ	604256 gene
neXtProtⁱ	NX_O14503

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Cytoplasm, Nucleus

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Mutagenesisⁱ	57	H → A: No effect on its interaction with ARNTL/BMAL1 or its repressor activity against the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer. Significant reduction in E-box binding. 1 Publication	1
Mutagenesisⁱ	65	R → A: Loss of interaction with ARNTL/BMAL1 and E-box binding. Significant reduction in its repressor activity against the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer. 1 Publication	1
Mutagenesisⁱ	78 – 79	LL → AA: Abolishes RXRA repression. 1 Publication	2
Mutagenesisⁱ	159	K → R: Partial loss of sumoylation. Complete loss of sumoylation; when associated with R-279. 1 Publication	1
Mutagenesisⁱ	279	K → R: Partial loss of sumoylation. Complete loss of sumoylation; when associated with R-159. 1 Publication	1

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET More...DisGeNETⁱ	8553
Open Targets More...OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000134107
PharmGKBⁱ	PA25347

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	BHLHE40

BioMutaⁱ

BHLHE40

PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
ChainⁱPRO_0000127144	1 – 412	Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40Add BLAST		412

Amino acid modifications

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Cross-linkⁱ	159	Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3)1 Publication
Cross-linkⁱ	167	Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO2)Combined sources
Modified residueⁱ	235	PhosphoserineCombined sources	1
Cross-linkⁱ	279	Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO1); alternateCombined sources
Cross-linkⁱ	279	Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3); alternate
Cross-linkⁱ	279	Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO2); alternateCombined sources
Cross-linkⁱ	288	Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO2)Combined sources
Modified residueⁱ	383	PhosphoserineBy similarity	1

Post-translational modificationⁱ

Ubiquitinated; which may lead to proteasomal degradation.1 Publication

Sumoylation inhibits its ubiquitination and promotes its negative regulation of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer transcriptional activator activity.2 Publications

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Isopeptide bond, Phosphoprotein, Ubl conjugation

Proteomic databases

EPDⁱ	O14503
PaxDbⁱ	O14503
PeptideAtlas More...PeptideAtlasⁱ	O14503
PRIDEⁱ	O14503
ProteomicsDBⁱ	48045

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	O14503
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	O14503

Expressionⁱ

Tissue specificityⁱ

Expressed in cartilage, spleen, intestine, lung, and to a lesser extent in heart, brain, liver, muscle and stomach.

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000134107 Expressed in 233 organ(s), highest expression level in ectocervix
CleanExⁱ	HS_DEC1 HS_STRA13
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	O14503 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	O14503 HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas More...HPAⁱ	HPA028922

HPAⁱ

HPA028922

Interactionⁱ

Subunit structureⁱ

Homodimer. Heterodimer with BHLHE41/DEC2. Interacts with TCF3/E47. Interacts with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2I/UBC9. Interacts with HDAC1, SUMO1, RXRA and ARNTL/BMAL1.6 Publications

Binary interactionsⁱ

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
	P0C206	3	EBI-711810,EBI-9675596	From Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (isolate Caribbea HS-35 subtype A).
AAMP	C9JG97	3	EBI-711810,EBI-10176499
AANAT	Q16613	6	EBI-711810,EBI-7451846
AES	Q08117	3	EBI-711810,EBI-717810
CCNK	O75909	3	EBI-711810,EBI-739806
CDPF1	Q6NVV7	3	EBI-711810,EBI-2802782
COX5B	P10606	3	EBI-711810,EBI-1053725
DAB1	O75553	3	EBI-711810,EBI-7875264
EHHADH	Q08426	3	EBI-711810,EBI-2339219
FAM83A	Q86UY5	4	EBI-711810,EBI-1384254
GMCL2	Q8NEA9	3	EBI-711810,EBI-745707
KRTAP23-1	A1A580	3	EBI-711810,EBI-10171734
LARP4	Q71RC2-6	3	EBI-711810,EBI-10255841
MAGED1	Q9Y5V3	5	EBI-711810,EBI-716006
NAA50	Q9GZZ1	5	EBI-711810,EBI-1052523
NOC4L	Q9BVI4	3	EBI-711810,EBI-395927
PDE6G	P18545	3	EBI-711810,EBI-2622029
PLEKHB2	Q96CS7	3	EBI-711810,EBI-373552
PRKAA1	Q13131	3	EBI-711810,EBI-1181405
RBM23	Q86U06	3	EBI-711810,EBI-780319
RBM23	Q86U06-2	3	EBI-711810,EBI-10258579
RBPMS	Q93062	3	EBI-711810,EBI-740322
RHOBTB3	O94955	5	EBI-711810,EBI-2367123
RHOJ	Q9H4E5	3	EBI-711810,EBI-6285694
RXRA	P19793	4	EBI-711810,EBI-78598
SMYD1	Q8NB12	5	EBI-711810,EBI-8463848
SOX15	O60248	3	EBI-711810,EBI-5452954
STK19	B7ZLI8	5	EBI-711810,EBI-10176124
TOB2	Q14106	3	EBI-711810,EBI-2562000
TP53	P04637	11	EBI-711810,EBI-366083
TTC23	Q5W5X9	3	EBI-711810,EBI-6447954
TXNL4B	Q9NX01	3	EBI-711810,EBI-10309345
UBE2I	P63279	3	EBI-711810,EBI-80168
VAC14	Q08AM6	5	EBI-711810,EBI-2107455

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

bHLH transcription factor binding
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 12397359
- 15193144
MRF binding Source: BHF-UCL
protein domain specific binding
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 15560782
protein heterodimerization activity
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
protein homodimerization activity
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15560782
RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding Source: BHF-UCL
transcription factor binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	114123, 58 interactors
Database of interacting proteins More...DIPⁱ	DIP-36698N
IntActⁱ	O14503, 115 interactors
Molecular INTeraction database More...MINTⁱ	O14503
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000256495

Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	O14503
SMRⁱ	O14503
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Domainⁱ	52 – 107	bHLHPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST		56
Domainⁱ	142 – 175	OrangePROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST		34

Region

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Regionⁱ	1 – 139	Essential for interaction with ARNTL/BMAL1, E-box binding and repressor activity against the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimerAdd BLAST		139
Regionⁱ	75 – 79	Necessary for interaction with RXRA and repressor activity against RXRA1 Publication		5

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG4304 Eukaryota ENOG4111F0X LUCA
Ensembl GeneTree More...GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00510000046898
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000234381
InParanoidⁱ	O14503
KEGG Orthology (KO) More...KOⁱ	K03729
OMAⁱ	AGQEMFC
Database of Orthologous Groups More...OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G0D3I
PhylomeDBⁱ	O14503
TreeFamⁱ	TF330859

Family and domain databases

Conserved Domains Database More...CDDⁱ	cd00083 HLH, 1 hit
Gene3Dⁱ	4.10.280.10, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR011598 bHLH_dom IPR036638 HLH_DNA-bd_sf IPR003650 Orange_dom
Pfam protein domain database More...Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF07527 Hairy_orange, 1 hit PF00010 HLH, 1 hit
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00353 HLH, 1 hit SM00511 ORANGE, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47459 SSF47459, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS50888 BHLH, 1 hit PS51054 ORANGE, 1 hit

Sequenceⁱ

Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

O14503-1 [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MERIPSAQPP PACLPKAPGL EHGDLPGMYP AHMYQVYKSR RGIKRSEDSK 
        60         70         80         90        100
ETYKLPHRLI EKKRRDRINE CIAQLKDLLP EHLKLTTLGH LEKAVVLELT 
       110        120        130        140        150
LKHVKALTNL IDQQQQKIIA LQSGLQAGEL SGRNVETGQE MFCSGFQTCA 
       160        170        180        190        200
REVLQYLAKH ENTRDLKSSQ LVTHLHRVVS ELLQGGTSRK PSDPAPKVMD 
       210        220        230        240        250
FKEKPSSPAK GSEGPGKNCV PVIQRTFAHS SGEQSGSDTD TDSGYGGESE 
       260        270        280        290        300
KGDLRSEQPC FKSDHGRRFT MGERIGAIKQ ESEEPPTKKN RMQLSDDEGH 
       310        320        330        340        350
FTSSDLISSP FLGPHPHQPP FCLPFYLIPP SATAYLPMLE KCWYPTSVPV 
       360        370        380        390        400
LYPGLNASAA ALSSFMNPDK ISAPLLMPQR LPSPLPAHPS VDSSVLLQAL 
       410 
KPIPPLNLET KD

Length:412

Mass (Da):45,510

Last modified:January 1, 1998 - v1

Checksum:ⁱ2D73A3D4980793E5

GO

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	AB004066 mRNA Translation: BAA21720.1 AB043885 Genomic DNA Translation: BAB18565.1 BC082238 mRNA Translation: AAH82238.1 AH010709 Genomic DNA Translation: AAK49525.1
The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project More...CCDSⁱ	CCDS2565.1
PIRⁱ	JC5547
NCBI Reference Sequences More...RefSeqⁱ	NP_003661.1, NM_003670.2
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.744856

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000256495; ENSP00000256495; ENSG00000134107
GeneIDⁱ	8553
KEGGⁱ	hsa:8553

Similar proteinsⁱ

100% Identity
90% Identity
50% Identity

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O14503	BHLHB2 protein		HUMAN		412	UniRef100_O14503
BHLHE40 isoform 1		PANTR		412
Basic helix-loop-helix family member e40		GORGO		412
UPI000047FED4		HUMAN		272

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O14503	Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		PONAB		412	UniRef90_O14503
Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		BOVIN		412
Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		SHEEP		412
Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		MOUSE		411
BHLHB2 protein		HUMAN		412
+85

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O14503	Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		BOVIN		412	UniRef50_O14503
Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		PONAB		412
Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		SHEEP		412
Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		MOUSE		411
Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40		RAT		411
+122

Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	AB004066 mRNA Translation: BAA21720.1 AB043885 Genomic DNA Translation: BAB18565.1 BC082238 mRNA Translation: AAH82238.1 AH010709 Genomic DNA Translation: AAK49525.1
CCDSⁱ	CCDS2565.1
PIRⁱ	JC5547
RefSeqⁱ	NP_003661.1, NM_003670.2
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.744856

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	O14503
SMRⁱ	O14503
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	114123, 58 interactors
DIPⁱ	DIP-36698N
IntActⁱ	O14503, 115 interactors
MINTⁱ	O14503
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000256495

Protein family/group databases

MoonDBⁱ	O14503 Predicted

MoonDBⁱ

O14503 Predicted

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	O14503
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	O14503

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	BHLHE40

BioMutaⁱ

BHLHE40

Proteomic databases

EPDⁱ	O14503
PaxDbⁱ	O14503
PeptideAtlasⁱ	O14503
PRIDEⁱ	O14503
ProteomicsDBⁱ	48045

Protocols and materials databases

The DNASU plasmid repository More...DNASUⁱ	8553
Structural Biology Knowledgebase	Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000256495; ENSP00000256495; ENSG00000134107
GeneIDⁱ	8553
KEGGⁱ	hsa:8553

Organism-specific databases

CTDⁱ	8553
DisGeNETⁱ	8553
EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000134107.4
GeneCardsⁱ	BHLHE40
HGNCⁱ	HGNC:1046 BHLHE40
HPAⁱ	HPA028922
MIMⁱ	604256 gene
neXtProtⁱ	NX_O14503
OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000134107
PharmGKBⁱ	PA25347
GenAtlas: human gene database More...GenAtlasⁱ	Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG4304 Eukaryota ENOG4111F0X LUCA
GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00510000046898
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000234381
InParanoidⁱ	O14503
KOⁱ	K03729
OMAⁱ	AGQEMFC
OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G0D3I
PhylomeDBⁱ	O14503
TreeFamⁱ	TF330859

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-1368108 BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression
SignaLinkⁱ	O14503
SIGNORⁱ	O14503

Miscellaneous databases

ChiTaRSⁱ	BHLHE40 human
GeneWikiⁱ	BHLHB2
GenomeRNAiⁱ	8553
Protein Ontology More...PROⁱ	PR:O14503
SOURCEⁱ	Search...

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000134107 Expressed in 233 organ(s), highest expression level in ectocervix
CleanExⁱ	HS_DEC1 HS_STRA13
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	O14503 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	O14503 HS

Family and domain databases

CDDⁱ	cd00083 HLH, 1 hit
Gene3Dⁱ	4.10.280.10, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR011598 bHLH_dom IPR036638 HLH_DNA-bd_sf IPR003650 Orange_dom
Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF07527 Hairy_orange, 1 hit PF00010 HLH, 1 hit
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00353 HLH, 1 hit SM00511 ORANGE, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47459 SSF47459, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS50888 BHLH, 1 hit PS51054 ORANGE, 1 hit
ProtoNetⁱ	Search...

Entry informationⁱ

Entry nameⁱ	BHE40_HUMAN
Accessionⁱ	O14503Primary (citable) accession number: O14503 Secondary accession number(s): Q96TD3
Entry historyⁱ	Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	March 5, 2002
	Last sequence update:	January 1, 1998
	Last modified:	November 7, 2018
	This is version 166 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusⁱ	Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation program	Chordata Protein Annotation Program
Disclaimer	Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Complete proteome, Reference proteome

Documents

Human chromosome 3
Human chromosome 3: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB

UniParc

Help

UniRef

Proteomes

Annotation systems

Supporting data

UniProtKB - O14503 (BHE40_HUMAN)

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Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 40

Select a section on the left to see content.

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

GO - Biological processi

Enzyme and pathway databases

Protein family/group databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Nucleus

Other locations

Nucleus

Other locations

Keywords - Cellular componenti

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Mutagenesis

Organism-specific databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMi

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

GO - Molecular functioni

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Region

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Protein family/group databases

PTM databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

Documents

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Functionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GO - Biological processⁱ

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

PTM / Processingⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Expressionⁱ

Interactionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

Structureⁱ

Family & Domainsⁱ

Cross-referencesⁱ

Entry informationⁱ

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ