cypD

Functionⁱ

Functions as a fatty acid monooxygenase. Catalyzes hydroxylation of a range of long-chain fatty acids, with a preference for long-chain unsaturated and branched-chain fatty acids over saturated fatty acids. Hydroxylation of myristic acid occurs mainly at the omega-2 position. Also displays a NADPH-dependent reductase activity in the C-terminal domain, which allows electron transfer from NADPH to the heme iron of the cytochrome P450 N-terminal domain (PubMed:15375636, PubMed:15122913). Is also able to catalyze efficient oxidation of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (PubMed:21048857).3 Publications

Catalytic activityⁱ

RH + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O₂ = ROH + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H₂O.2 Publications

NADPH + n oxidized hemoprotein = NADP⁺ + n reduced hemoprotein.2 Publications

Cofactorⁱ

Protein has several cofactor binding sites:

Kineticsⁱ

kcat is 430 min(-1) for stearic acid hydroxylation. kcat is 5430 min(-1) for phytanic acid hydroxylation. kcat is 6105 min(-1) for 15-methylpalmitic acid hydroxylation. kcat is 11400 min(-1) for the reduction of cytochrome c. kcat is 38150 min(-1) for the reduction of ferricyanide (PubMed:15122913). kcat is 2244 min(-1) for oleic acid hydroxylation (PubMed:15375636).2 Publications

pH dependenceⁱ

Optimum pH is 7.0.1 Publication

Temperature dependenceⁱ

Optimum temperature is 51 degrees Celsius. However, enzyme stability is dramatically reduced at this temperature, incubation for 30 minutes at 31 and 49 degrees Celsius results in 61% and 17% residual activity, respectively. Incubation at 60 degrees Celsius leads to total inactivation of the enzyme.1 Publication

Sites

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Siteⁱ	271	Important for catalytic activityBy similarity		1
Metal bindingⁱ	403	Iron (heme axial ligand)By similarity		1

Regions

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	499 – 504	FMNBy similarity	6
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	546 – 549	FMNBy similarity	4
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	580 – 582	FMNBy similarity	3
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	588 – 590	FMNBy similarity	3

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

aromatase activity Source: UniProtKB-EC
fatty acid binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15122913
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15122913
FMN binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15122913
heme binding
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15122913
iron ion binding Source: UniProtKB
NADPH-hemoprotein reductase activity
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15122913
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15122913

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processⁱ

fatty acid oxidation
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 15122913

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsⁱ

Molecular function	Monooxygenase, Multifunctional enzyme, Oxidoreductase
Biological process	Electron transport, Transport
Ligand	FAD, Flavoprotein, FMN, Heme, Iron, Metal-binding, NADP

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCycⁱ	BSUB:BSU07250-MONOMER
SABIO-RKⁱ	O08394

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Protein namesⁱ	Recommended name: Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase 1Curated Alternative name(s): CYP102A21 Publication Fatty acid hydroxylase CypDCurated Flavocytochrome P450 102A2Curated Including the following 2 domains: Cytochrome P450 102A2Curated (EC:1.14.14.12 Publications) NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductaseCurated (EC:1.6.2.42 Publications)
Gene namesⁱ	Name:cypDCombined sources Synonyms:cyp102A22 Publications, yetO1 Publication, yfnJ Ordered Locus Names:BSU07250
Organismⁱ	Bacillus subtilis (strain 168)
Taxonomic identifierⁱ	224308 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageⁱ	cellular organisms › Bacteria › Terrabacteria group › Firmicutes › Bacilli › Bacillales › Bacillaceae › Bacillus › Bacillus subtilis group › Bacillus subtilis › Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis
Proteomesⁱ	UP000001570 Componentⁱ: Chromosome

Subcellular locationⁱ

Cytoplasm By similarity

GO - Cellular componentⁱ

cytoplasm Source: UniProtKB-SubCell

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Cytoplasm

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Mutagenesisⁱ	15	P → S: Exhibits modified substrate specificity. Shows approximately 6- to 9-fold increased activity with SDS, lauric acid and 1,4-naphthoquinone, and enhanced activity for other substrates such as ethacrynic acid and epsilon-amino-n-caproic acid. 1 Publication		1

PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
ChainⁱPRO_0000052206	1 – 1061	Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase 1Add BLAST		1061

Proteomic databases

PaxDbⁱ	O08394
PRIDEⁱ	O08394

Interactionⁱ

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGⁱ	224308.Bsubs1_010100004068

STRINGⁱ

224308.Bsubs1_010100004068

Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	O08394
SMRⁱ	O08394
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Domainⁱ	493 – 632	Flavodoxin-likePROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST		140
Domainⁱ	671 – 904	FAD-binding FR-typePROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST		234

Region

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Regionⁱ	1 – 475	Cytochrome P4501 PublicationAdd BLAST		475
Regionⁱ	476 – 1061	NADPH--P450 reductase1 PublicationAdd BLAST		586

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

In the N-terminal section; belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	ENOG4107EER Bacteria COG0369 LUCA COG2124 LUCA
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000093545
InParanoidⁱ	O08394
KEGG Orthology (KO) More...KOⁱ	K14338
OMAⁱ	CEIRFER
PhylomeDBⁱ	O08394

Family and domain databases

Gene3Dⁱ	1.10.630.10, 1 hit 1.20.990.10, 1 hit 3.40.50.360, 1 hit 3.40.50.80, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR023206 Bifunctional_P450_P450_red IPR001128 Cyt_P450 IPR017972 Cyt_P450_CS IPR036396 Cyt_P450_sf IPR003097 FAD-binding_1 IPR017927 Fd_Rdtase_FAD-bd IPR001094 Flavdoxin-like IPR008254 Flavodoxin/NO_synth IPR001709 Flavoprot_Pyr_Nucl_cyt_Rdtase IPR029039 Flavoprotein-like_sf IPR039261 FNR_nucleotide-bd IPR023173 NADPH_Cyt_P450_Rdtase_alpha IPR001433 OxRdtase_FAD/NAD-bd IPR017938 Riboflavin_synthase-like_b-brl
Pfam protein domain database More...Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00667 FAD_binding_1, 1 hit PF00258 Flavodoxin_1, 1 hit PF00175 NAD_binding_1, 1 hit PF00067 p450, 1 hit
PIRSFⁱ	PIRSF000209 Bifunctional_P450_P450R, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00369 FLAVODOXIN PR00371 FPNCR
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF48264 SSF48264, 1 hit SSF52218 SSF52218, 1 hit SSF52343 SSF52343, 1 hit SSF63380 SSF63380, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00086 CYTOCHROME_P450, 1 hit PS51384 FAD_FR, 1 hit PS50902 FLAVODOXIN_LIKE, 1 hit

Sequenceⁱ

Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

O08394-1 [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MKETSPIPQP KTFGPLGNLP LIDKDKPTLS LIKLAEEQGP IFQIHTPAGT 
        60         70         80         90        100
TIVVSGHELV KEVCDEERFD KSIEGALEKV RAFSGDGLFT SWTHEPNWRK 
       110        120        130        140        150
AHNILMPTFS QRAMKDYHEK MVDIAVQLIQ KWARLNPNEA VDVPGDMTRL 
       160        170        180        190        200
TLDTIGLCGF NYRFNSYYRE TPHPFINSMV RALDEAMHQM QRLDVQDKLM 
       210        220        230        240        250
VRTKRQFRYD IQTMFSLVDS IIAERRANGD QDEKDLLARM LNVEDPETGE 
       260        270        280        290        300
KLDDENIRFQ IITFLIAGHE TTSGLLSFAT YFLLKHPDKL KKAYEEVDRV 
       310        320        330        340        350
LTDAAPTYKQ VLELTYIRMI LNESLRLWPT APAFSLYPKE DTVIGGKFPI 
       360        370        380        390        400
TTNDRISVLI PQLHRDRDAW GKDAEEFRPE RFEHQDQVPH HAYKPFGNGQ 
       410        420        430        440        450
RACIGMQFAL HEATLVLGMI LKYFTLIDHE NYELDIKQTL TLKPGDFHIS 
       460        470        480        490        500
VQSRHQEAIH ADVQAAEKAA PDEQKEKTEA KGASVIGLNN RPLLVLYGSD 
       510        520        530        540        550
TGTAEGVARE LADTASLHGV RTKTAPLNDR IGKLPKEGAV VIVTSSYNGK 
       560        570        580        590        600
PPSNAGQFVQ WLQEIKPGEL EGVHYAVFGC GDHNWASTYQ YVPRFIDEQL 
       610        620        630        640        650
AEKGATRFSA RGEGDVSGDF EGQLDEWKKS MWADAIKAFG LELNENADKE 
       660        670        680        690        700
RSTLSLQFVR GLGESPLARS YEASHASIAE NRELQSADSD RSTRHIEIAL 
       710        720        730        740        750
PPDVEYQEGD HLGVLPKNSQ TNVSRILHRF GLKGTDQVTL SASGRSAGHL 
       760        770        780        790        800
PLGRPVSLHD LLSYSVEVQE AATRAQIREL ASFTVCPPHR RELEELSAEG 
       810        820        830        840        850
VYQEQILKKR ISMLDLLEKY EACDMPFERF LELLRPLKPR YYSISSSPRV 
       860        870        880        890        900
NPRQASITVG VVRGPAWSGR GEYRGVASND LAERQAGDDV VMFIRTPESR 
       910        920        930        940        950
FQLPKDPETP IIMVGPGTGV APFRGFLQAR DVLKREGKTL GEAHLYFGCR 
       960        970        980        990       1000
NDRDFIYRDE LERFEKDGIV TVHTAFSRKE GMPKTYVQHL MADQADTLIS 
      1010       1020       1030       1040       1050
ILDRGGRLYV CGDGSKMAPD VEAALQKAYQ AVHGTGEQEA QNWLRHLQDT 
      1060 
GMYAKDVWAG I

Length:1,061

Mass (Da):119,468

Last modified:July 1, 1997 - v1

Checksum:ⁱ7915DACC20578978

GO

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	D87979 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA20123.1 AL009126 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB12544.1
PIRⁱ	D69799
NCBI Reference Sequences More...RefSeqⁱ	NP_388606.1, NC_000964.3 WP_003242884.1, NZ_JNCM01000032.1

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblBacteriaⁱ	CAB12544; CAB12544; BSU07250
GeneIDⁱ	938784
KEGGⁱ	bsu:BSU07250
PATRICⁱ	fig\|224308.179.peg.786

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O08394	Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		Bacillus subtilis BEST7613		1061	UniRef100_O08394
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		BACIU		1061
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis		1061
Uncharacterized protein (Fragment)		Enterobacter mori		87

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O08394	Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		Bacillus subtilis BEST7613		1061	UniRef90_O08394
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		BACIU		1061
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis		1061
Uncharacterized protein (Fragment)		Enterobacter mori		87
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		Bacillus halotolerans		1062
+102

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
O08394	Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase	)	BACMB		1049	UniRef50_P14779
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		BACCR		1065
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		BACME		1049
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		Bacillus aryabhattai		1049
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase		Bacillus sp. Root239		1049
+1533

Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	D87979 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA20123.1 AL009126 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB12544.1
PIRⁱ	D69799
RefSeqⁱ	NP_388606.1, NC_000964.3 WP_003242884.1, NZ_JNCM01000032.1

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	O08394
SMRⁱ	O08394
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGⁱ	224308.Bsubs1_010100004068

STRINGⁱ

224308.Bsubs1_010100004068

Proteomic databases

PaxDbⁱ	O08394
PRIDEⁱ	O08394

Protocols and materials databases

Structural Biology Knowledgebase	Search...

Structural Biology Knowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblBacteriaⁱ	CAB12544; CAB12544; BSU07250
GeneIDⁱ	938784
KEGGⁱ	bsu:BSU07250
PATRICⁱ	fig\|224308.179.peg.786

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	ENOG4107EER Bacteria COG0369 LUCA COG2124 LUCA
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000093545
InParanoidⁱ	O08394
KOⁱ	K14338
OMAⁱ	CEIRFER
PhylomeDBⁱ	O08394

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCycⁱ	BSUB:BSU07250-MONOMER
SABIO-RKⁱ	O08394

Family and domain databases

Gene3Dⁱ	1.10.630.10, 1 hit 1.20.990.10, 1 hit 3.40.50.360, 1 hit 3.40.50.80, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR023206 Bifunctional_P450_P450_red IPR001128 Cyt_P450 IPR017972 Cyt_P450_CS IPR036396 Cyt_P450_sf IPR003097 FAD-binding_1 IPR017927 Fd_Rdtase_FAD-bd IPR001094 Flavdoxin-like IPR008254 Flavodoxin/NO_synth IPR001709 Flavoprot_Pyr_Nucl_cyt_Rdtase IPR029039 Flavoprotein-like_sf IPR039261 FNR_nucleotide-bd IPR023173 NADPH_Cyt_P450_Rdtase_alpha IPR001433 OxRdtase_FAD/NAD-bd IPR017938 Riboflavin_synthase-like_b-brl
Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00667 FAD_binding_1, 1 hit PF00258 Flavodoxin_1, 1 hit PF00175 NAD_binding_1, 1 hit PF00067 p450, 1 hit
PIRSFⁱ	PIRSF000209 Bifunctional_P450_P450R, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00369 FLAVODOXIN PR00371 FPNCR
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF48264 SSF48264, 1 hit SSF52218 SSF52218, 1 hit SSF52343 SSF52343, 1 hit SSF63380 SSF63380, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00086 CYTOCHROME_P450, 1 hit PS51384 FAD_FR, 1 hit PS50902 FLAVODOXIN_LIKE, 1 hit
ProtoNetⁱ	Search...

Entry informationⁱ

Entry nameⁱ	CYPD_BACSU
Accessionⁱ	O08394Primary (citable) accession number: O08394
Entry historyⁱ	Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 1, 2000
	Last sequence update:	July 1, 1997
	Last modified:	September 12, 2018
	This is version 143 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusⁱ	Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation program	Prokaryotic Protein Annotation Program

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Complete proteome, Reference proteome

UniProtKB

UniParc

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UniRef

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Supporting data

UniProtKB - O08394 (CYPD_BACSU)

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Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase 1

Select a section on the left to see content.

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

<p>This subsection of the ‘Function’ section describes biophysical and chemical properties, such as maximal absorption, kinetic parameters, pH dependence, redox potentials and temperature dependence.<p><a href='/help/biophysicochemical_properties' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Kineticsi

pH dependencei

Temperature dependencei

Sites

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

GO - Biological processi

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

GO - Cellular componenti

Keywords - Cellular componenti

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Mutagenesis

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Proteomic databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Region

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

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Functionⁱ

Kineticsⁱ

pH dependenceⁱ

Temperature dependenceⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GO - Biological processⁱ

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Subcellular locationⁱ

GO - Cellular componentⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

PTM / Processingⁱ

Interactionⁱ

Structureⁱ

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Cross-referencesⁱ

Entry informationⁱ

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ