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UniProtKB - O02776 (PARG_BOVIN)

Entry version 98 (10 Feb 2021)
Sequence version 1 (01 Jul 1997)
Previous versions | rss
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Protein

Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase

Gene

PARG

Organism
Bos taurus (Bovine)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:5 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase that degrades poly(ADP-ribose) by hydrolyzing the ribose-ribose bonds present in poly(ADP-ribose) (PubMed:15658938). PARG acts both as an endo- and exoglycosidase, releasing poly(ADP-ribose) of different length as well as ADP-ribose monomers. It is however unable to cleave the ester bond between the terminal ADP-ribose and ADP-ribosylated residues, leaving proteins that are mono-ADP-ribosylated. Poly(ADP-ribose) is synthesized after DNA damage is only present transiently and is rapidly degraded by PARG. Required to prevent detrimental accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) upon prolonged replicative stress, while it is not required for recovery from transient replicative stress. Required for retinoid acid-dependent gene transactivation, probably by removing poly(ADP-ribose) from histone demethylase KDM4D, allowing chromatin derepression at RAR-dependent gene promoters. Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with PARP1, NMNAT1 and NUDT5. Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming (By similarity).By similarity1 Publication

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme, i.e. a chemical reaction that the enzyme catalyzes.<p><a href='/help/catalytic_activity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Catalytic activityi

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section is used for enzymes and indicates the residues directly involved in catalysis.<p><a href='/help/act_site' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Active sitei7381 Publication1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes the interaction between a single amino acid and another chemical entity. Priority is given to the annotation of physiological ligands.<p><a href='/help/binding' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binding sitei741SubstrateBy similarity1
Binding sitei755Substrate; via amide nitrogenBy similarity1
Active sitei7561 Publication1
Active sitei7571 Publication1
Binding sitei796SubstrateBy similarity1

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionHydrolase
Biological processDNA damage

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA Comprehensive Enzyme Information System

More...BRENDAi		3.2.1.143, 908

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase1 Publication (EC:3.2.1.1431 Publication)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:PARG1 Publication
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiBos taurus (Bovine)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri9913 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Artiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000009136 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes%5Fmanual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Unplaced

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionGraphics by Christian Stolte & Seán O’Donoghue; Source: COMPARTMENTS

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Nucleus

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Mutagenesis

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/pathology%5Fand%5Fbiotech%5Fsection">'Pathology and Biotech'</a> section describes the effect of the experimental mutation of one or more amino acid(s) on the biological properties of the protein.<p><a href='/help/mutagen' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Mutagenesisi738D → N: Abolishes catalytic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi756E → N: Abolishes catalytic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi757E → N: Abolishes catalytic activity. 1 Publication1

Chemistry databases

ChEMBL database of bioactive drug-like small molecules

More...ChEMBLi		CHEMBL4279

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00000666011 – 977Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolaseAdd BLAST977

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei69PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei138PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei198PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei200PhosphothreonineBy similarity1
Modified residuei262PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei265PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei287PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei292PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei299PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei303PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei317PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei341N6-acetyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei449PhosphoserineBy similarity1

Keywords - PTMi

Acetylation, Phosphoprotein

Proteomic databases

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		O02776

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

Interacts with PCNA.

Interacts with NUDT5.

By similarity

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		9913.ENSBTAP00000031225

Chemistry databases

BindingDB database of measured binding affinities

More...BindingDBi		O02776

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		O02776

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Region

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and Domains' section describes a region of interest that cannot be described in other subsections.<p><a href='/help/region' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Regioni1 – 457A-domainBy similarityAdd BLAST457
Regioni611 – 796CatalyticBy similarityAdd BLAST186
Regioni727 – 728Substrate bindingBy similarity2
Regioni870 – 875Substrate bindingBy similarity6

Motif

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and Domains' section describes a short (usually not more than 20 amino acids) conserved sequence motif of biological significance.<p><a href='/help/motif' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Motifi10 – 16Nuclear localization signalBy similarity7
Motifi77 – 84PIP-box (PCNA interacting peptide)By similarity8

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term 'domain' is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domaini

The PIP-box mediates interaction with PCNA and localization to replication foci.By similarity

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		KOG2064, Eukaryota

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		O02776

Database of Orthologous Groups

More...OrthoDBi		730627at2759

Family and domain databases

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR007724, Poly_GlycHdrlase

The PANTHER Classification System

More...PANTHERi		PTHR12837, PTHR12837, 1 hit

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF05028, PARG_cat, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequencei

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

O02776-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MSAGPGCEPC TKRPRWDAAA TSPPAASDAR SFPGRQRRVL DSKDAPVQFR 
        60         70         80         90        100
VPPSSSGCAL GRAGQHRGSA TSLVFKQKTI TSWMDTKGIK TVESESLHSK 
       110        120        130        140        150
ENNNTREESM MSSVQKDNFY QHNMEKLENV SQLGFDKSPV EKGTQYLKQH 
       160        170        180        190        200
QTAAMCKWQN EGPHSERLLE SEPPAVTLVP EQFSNANVDQ SSPKDDHSDT 
       210        220        230        240        250
NSEESRDNQQ FLTHVKLANA KQTMEDEQGR EARSHQKCGK ACHPAEACAG 
       260        270        280        290        300
CQQEETDVVS ESPLSDTGSE DVGTGLKNAN RLNRQESSLG NSPPFEKESE 
       310        320        330        340        350
PESPMDVDNS KNSCQDSEAD EETSPGFDEQ EDSSSAQTAN KPSRFQPREA 
       360        370        380        390        400
DTELRKRSSA KGGEIRLHFQ FEGGESRAGM NDVNAKRPGS TSSLNVECRN 
       410        420        430        440        450
SKQHGRKDSK ITDHFMRVPK AEDKRKEQCE MKHQRTERKI PKYIPPHLSP 
       460        470        480        490        500
DKKWLGTPIE EMRRMPRCGI RLPPLRPSAN HTVTIRVDLL RIGEVPKPFP 
       510        520        530        540        550
THFKDLWDNK HVKMPCSEQN LYPVEDENGE RAAGSRWELI QTALLNRLTR 
       560        570        580        590        600
PQNLKDAILK YNVAYSKKWD FTALIDFWDK VLEEAEAQHL YQSILPDMVK 
       610        620        630        640        650
IALCLPNICT QPIPLLKQKM NHSITMSQEQ IASLLANAFF CTFPRRNAKM 
       660        670        680        690        700
KSEYSSYPDI NFNRLFEGRS SRKPEKLKTL FCYFRRVTEK KPTGLVTFTR 
       710        720        730        740        750
QSLEDFPEWE RCEKLLTRLH VTYEGTIEGN GQGMLQVDFA NRFVGGGVTS 
       760        770        780        790        800
AGLVQEEIRF LINPELIVSR LFTEVLDHNE CLIITGTEQY SEYTGYAETY 
       810        820        830        840        850
RWARSHEDRS ERDDWQRRTT EIVAIDALHF RRYLDQFVPE KIRRELNKAY 
       860        870        880        890        900
CGFLRPGVSS ENLSAVATGN WGCGAFGGDA RLKALIQILA AAVAERDVVY 
       910        920        930        940        950
FTFGDSELMR DIYSMHTFLT ERKLTVGEVY KLLLRYYNEE CRNCSTPGPD 
       960        970 
IKLYPFIYHA VESCTQTTNQ PGQRTGA
Length:977
Mass (Da):110,837
Last modified:July 1, 1997 - v1
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:i87D2100F979DF377
GO

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
U78975 mRNA Translation: AAB53370.1

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_776563.1, NM_174138.3

Genome annotation databases

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		281377

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		bta:281377

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
U78975 mRNA Translation: AAB53370.1
RefSeqiNP_776563.1, NM_174138.3

3D structure databases

SMRiO02776
ModBaseiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGi9913.ENSBTAP00000031225

Chemistry databases

BindingDBiO02776
ChEMBLiCHEMBL4279

Proteomic databases

PaxDbiO02776

Genome annotation databases

GeneIDi281377
KEGGibta:281377

Organism-specific databases

Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

More...CTDi		8505

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG2064, Eukaryota
InParanoidiO02776
OrthoDBi730627at2759

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDAi3.2.1.143, 908

Family and domain databases

InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR007724, Poly_GlycHdrlase
PANTHERiPTHR12837, PTHR12837, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF05028, PARG_cat, 1 hit

ProtoNet; Automatic hierarchical classification of proteins

More...ProtoNeti		Search...

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiPARG_BOVIN
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: O02776
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: October 25, 2004
Last sequence update: July 1, 1997
Last modified: February 10, 2021
This is version 98 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. Glycosyl hydrolases
    Classification of glycosyl hydrolase families and list of entries
  2. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
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