UniProtKB - D5JBW8 (GAO_CICIN)
Protein
Germacrene A hydroxylase
Gene
N/A
Organism
Cichorium intybus (Chicory)
Status
Functioni
Involved in the biosynthesis of germacrene-derived sesquiterpene lactones. Catalyzes three consecutive oxidations of germacrene A to produce germacrene A acid. Could also catalyze the three-step oxidation of non-natural substrate amorphadiene to artemisinic acid. Can use beta-elemene as substrate.3 Publications
Catalytic activityi
- (+)-(R)-germacrene A + 3 O2 + 3 reduced [NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] = germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + 4 H+ + 4 H2O + 3 oxidized [NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]2 PublicationsEC:1.14.14.952 PublicationsThis reaction proceeds in the forward2 Publications direction.
Cofactori
hemeBy similarity
Activity regulationi
Inhibited by cytochrome C, miconazole, aminobenzotriazole, metyrapone and clotrimazole.1 Publication
pH dependencei
Optimum pH is 8.0.1 Publication
: terpenoid biosynthesis Pathwayi
This protein is involved in the pathway terpenoid biosynthesis, which is part of Secondary metabolite biosynthesis.1 PublicationView all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the pathway terpenoid biosynthesis and in Secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Metal bindingi | 432 | Iron (heme axial ligand)By similarity | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- germacrene A hydroxylase activity Source: UniProtKB
- heme binding Source: InterPro
- iron ion binding Source: InterPro
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen Source: InterPro
GO - Biological processi
- sesquiterpene biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
- terpenoid biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB-UniPathway
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Monooxygenase, Oxidoreductase |
Ligand | Heme, Iron, Metal-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | MetaCyc:MONOMER-15752 |
BRENDAi | 1.14.13.123, 1385 |
UniPathwayi | UPA00213 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Germacrene A hydroxylase (EC:1.14.14.952 Publications)Alternative name(s): Germacrene A oxidase Short name: CiGAO |
Organismi | Cichorium intybus (Chicory) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 13427 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliopsida › eudicotyledons › Gunneridae › Pentapetalae › asterids › campanulids › Asterales › Asteraceae › Cichorioideae › Cichorieae › Cichoriinae › Cichorium |
Subcellular locationi
Endoplasmic reticulum
- Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 1 Publication; Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 Publication
- Microsome membrane 1 Publication; Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 Publication
Endoplasmic reticulum
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Other locations
- integral component of membrane Source: UniProtKB-KW
Topology
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Topological domaini | 1 – 6 | CytoplasmicSequence analysis | 6 | |
Transmembranei | 7 – 23 | Helical; Signal-anchor for type II membrane proteinSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 17 | |
Topological domaini | 24 – 488 | LumenalSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 465 |
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Endoplasmic reticulum, Membrane, MicrosomePTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000412762 | 1 – 488 | Germacrene A hydroxylaseAdd BLAST | 488 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glycosylationi | 260 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparaginePROSITE-ProRule annotation | 1 | |
Glycosylationi | 379 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparaginePROSITE-ProRule annotation | 1 |
Keywords - PTMi
GlycoproteinProteomic databases
PRIDEi | D5JBW8 |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.Curated
Keywords - Domaini
Signal-anchor, Transmembrane, Transmembrane helixFamily and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.10.630.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR001128, Cyt_P450 IPR017972, Cyt_P450_CS IPR002401, Cyt_P450_E_grp-I IPR036396, Cyt_P450_sf |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00067, p450, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00463, EP450I PR00385, P450 |
SUPFAMi | SSF48264, SSF48264, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00086, CYTOCHROME_P450, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
D5JBW8-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MELSLTTSIA LATIVLILYK LATRPKSNKK RLPEASRLPI IGHMHHLIGT
60 70 80 90 100
MPHRGVMELA RKHGSLMHLQ LGEVSTIVVS SPKWAKEILT TYDITFANRP
110 120 130 140 150
ETLTGEIIAY HNTDIVLAPY GEYWRQLRKL CTLELLSVKK VKSFQSIREE
160 170 180 190 200
ECWNLVKEVK ESGSGKPISL SESIFKMIAT ILSRAAFGKG IKDQREFTEI
210 220 230 240 250
VKEILRQTGG FDVADIFPSK KFLHHLSGKR ARLTSIHKKL DTLINNIVAE
260 270 280 290 300
HHVSTSSKAN ETLLDVLLRL KDSAEFPLTA DNVKAIILDM FGAGTDTSSA
310 320 330 340 350
TVEWAISELI RCPRAMEKVQ AELRQALNGK EQIHEEDIQD LPYLNLVIRE
360 370 380 390 400
TLRLHPPLPL VMPRECREPV NLAGYEIANK TKLIVNVFAI NRDPEYWKDA
410 420 430 440 450
EAFIPERFEN NPNNIMGADY EYLPFGAGRR MCPGAALGLA NVQLPLANIL
460 470 480
YHFNWKLPNG ASHDQLDMTE SFGATVQRKT ELILVPSF
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | GU256644 mRNA Translation: ADF43080.1 |
Genome annotation databases
KEGGi | ag:ADF43080 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | GU256644 mRNA Translation: ADF43080.1 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | D5JBW8 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Proteomic databases
PRIDEi | D5JBW8 |
Genome annotation databases
KEGGi | ag:ADF43080 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathwayi | UPA00213 |
BioCyci | MetaCyc:MONOMER-15752 |
BRENDAi | 1.14.13.123, 1385 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.10.630.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR001128, Cyt_P450 IPR017972, Cyt_P450_CS IPR002401, Cyt_P450_E_grp-I IPR036396, Cyt_P450_sf |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00067, p450, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00463, EP450I PR00385, P450 |
SUPFAMi | SSF48264, SSF48264, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00086, CYTOCHROME_P450, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | GAO_CICIN | |
Accessioni | D5JBW8Primary (citable) accession number: D5JBW8 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | September 21, 2011 |
Last sequence update: | June 15, 2010 | |
Last modified: | December 2, 2020 | |
This is version 40 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Plant Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Documents
- PATHWAY comments
Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families