Gnai1

Functionⁱ

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numerous regulatory proteins (By similarity). Signaling is mediated via effector proteins, such as adenylate cyclase. Inhibits adenylate cyclase activity, leading to decreased intracellular cAMP levels (By similarity). The inactive GDP-bound form prevents the association of RGS14 with centrosomes and is required for the translocation of RGS14 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. Required for normal cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for cortical dynein-dynactin complex recruitment during metaphase (By similarity).By similarity

Sites

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Metal bindingⁱ	47	MagnesiumBy similarity	1
Metal bindingⁱ	181	MagnesiumBy similarity	1
Binding siteⁱ	326	GTP; via amide nitrogenBy similarity	1

Regions

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	43 – 48	GTPBy similarity	6
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	150 – 151	GTPBy similarity	2
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	175 – 178	GTPBy similarity	4
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	200 – 204	GTPBy similarity	5
Nucleotide bindingⁱ	269 – 272	GTPBy similarity	4

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GDP binding Source: UniProtKB
G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
G protein-coupled receptor binding Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding Source: MGI
GTPase activating protein binding Source: MGI
GTPase activity Source: UniProtKB
GTP binding Source: UniProtKB
magnesium ion binding Source: UniProtKB

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processⁱ

adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Source: GO_Central
Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
- 21873635
cell cycle Source: UniProtKB-KW
cell division Source: UniProtKB
cellular response to forskolin Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
negative regulation of synaptic transmission Source: MGI
positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex Source: UniProtKB
regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling Source: UniProtKB
regulation of mitotic spindle organization Source: UniProtKB

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsⁱ

Molecular function	Transducer
Biological process	Cell cycle, Cell division, Mitosis, Transport
Ligand	GTP-binding, Magnesium, Metal-binding, Nucleotide-binding

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-MMU-112043 PLC beta mediated events R-MMU-170670 Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway R-MMU-202040 G-protein activation R-MMU-392170 ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 R-MMU-400042 Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion R-MMU-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events R-MMU-6814122 Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding

Reactomeⁱ

R-MMU-112043 PLC beta mediated events
R-MMU-170670 Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
R-MMU-202040 G-protein activation
R-MMU-392170 ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-MMU-400042 Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-MMU-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events
R-MMU-6814122 Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Protein namesⁱ	Recommended name: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 Alternative name(s): Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein
Gene namesⁱ	Name:Gnai1 Synonyms:Gnai-1
Organismⁱ	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Taxonomic identifierⁱ	10090 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageⁱ	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Dipnotetrapodomorpha › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Boreoeutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Myomorpha › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus
Proteomesⁱ	UP000000589 Componentⁱ: Chromosome 5

Organism-specific databases

MGIⁱ	MGI:95771 Gnai1

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Membrane, Nucleus

PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Initiator methionineⁱ		RemovedBy similarity
ChainⁱPRO_0000408477	2 – 354	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1Add BLAST		353

Amino acid modifications

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Lipidationⁱ	2	N-myristoyl glycineBy similarity		1
Lipidationⁱ	3	S-palmitoyl cysteineBy similarity		1

Post-translational modificationⁱ

Myristoylation at Gly-2 is required for membrane anchoring before palmitoylation.By similarity

Palmitoylation at Cys-3 varies with membrane lipid composition.By similarity

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Lipoprotein, Myristate, Palmitate

Proteomic databases

MaxQB - The MaxQuant DataBase More...MaxQBⁱ	B2RSH2
PaxDbⁱ	B2RSH2
PeptideAtlas More...PeptideAtlasⁱ	B2RSH2
PRIDEⁱ	B2RSH2

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	B2RSH2
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	B2RSH2
SwissPalmⁱ	B2RSH2

Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSMUSG00000057614 Expressed in 278 organ(s), highest expression level in CA1 field of hippocampus
Genevisibleⁱ	B2RSH2 MM

Interactionⁱ

Subunit structureⁱ

Heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site. Part of a spindle orientation complex at least composed of GNAI1, GPSM2 and NUMA1. Identified in complex with the beta subunit GNB1 and the gamma subunit GNG1. Identified in complex with the beta subunit GNB1 and the gamma subunit GNG2. GTP binding causes dissociation of the heterotrimer, liberating the individual subunits so that they can interact with downstream effector proteins (By similarity). Interacts (GDP-bound form) with GPSM1; this inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP binding (By similarity). Interacts (GDP-bound form) with GPSM2 (via GoLoco domains); this inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange. Interacts with RGS10; this strongly enhances GTP hydrolysis. Interacts with RGS1 and RGS16; this strongly enhances GTPase activity. Interacts with RGS4. Interacts with RGS12. Interacts (via active GTP- or inactive GDP-bound forms) with RGS14 (via RGS and GoLoco domains). Interacts with RGS3, RGS6, RGS7, RGS8, RGS17, RGS18 and RGS20 (in vitro) (By similarity). Interacts (GDP-bound form) with RIC8A (via C-terminus) (By similarity).By similarity

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

G protein-coupled receptor binding Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding Source: MGI
GTPase activating protein binding Source: MGI

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	199966, 4 interactors
CORUMⁱ	B2RSH2
IntActⁱ	B2RSH2, 3 interactors
STRINGⁱ	10090.ENSMUSP00000074259

Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	B2RSH2
SMRⁱ	B2RSH2
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG0082 Eukaryota ENOG410XNVQ LUCA
Ensembl GeneTree More...GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00760000118851
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000038730
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG063184
InParanoidⁱ	B2RSH2
KEGG Orthology (KO) More...KOⁱ	K04630
OMAⁱ	RIAQTSY
Database of Orthologous Groups More...OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G0VUT
PhylomeDBⁱ	B2RSH2
TreeFamⁱ	TF300673

Family and domain databases

Conserved Domains Database More...CDDⁱ	cd00066 G-alpha, 1 hit
Gene3Dⁱ	1.10.400.10, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR001408 Gprotein_alpha_I IPR001019 Gprotein_alpha_su IPR011025 GproteinA_insert IPR027417 P-loop_NTPase
PANTHERⁱ	PTHR10218 PTHR10218, 1 hit
Pfam protein domain database More...Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00503 G-alpha, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00318 GPROTEINA PR00441 GPROTEINAI
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00275 G_alpha, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47895 SSF47895, 1 hit SSF52540 SSF52540, 1 hit

Sequenceⁱ

Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

B2RSH2-1 [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKSTIV 
        60         70         80         90        100
KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMGR LKIDFGDSAR 
       110        120        130        140        150
ADDARQLFVL AGAAEEGFMT AELAGVIKRL WKDSGVQACF NRSREYQLND 
       160        170        180        190        200
SAAYYLNDLD RIAQPNYIPT QQDVLRTRVK TTGIVETHFT FKDLHFKMFD 
       210        220        230        240        250
VGGQRSERKK WIHCFEGVTA IIFCVALSDY DLVLAEDEEM NRMHESMKLF 
       260        270        280        290        300
DSICNNKWFT DTSIILFLNK KDLFEEKIKK SPLTICYPEY AGSNTYEEAA 
       310        320        330        340        350
AYIQCQFEDL NKRKDTKEIY THFTCATDTK NVQFVFDAVT DVIIKNNLKD 

CGLF

Length:354

Mass (Da):40,361

Last modified:July 1, 2008 - v1

Checksum:ⁱ9F88311B46E62DE3

GO

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	BC138862 mRNA Translation: AAI38863.1 BC138865 mRNA Translation: AAI38866.1
The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project More...CCDSⁱ	CCDS39018.1
NCBI Reference Sequences More...RefSeqⁱ	NP_034435.1, NM_010305.1
UniGeneⁱ	Mm.254629

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENSMUST00000074694; ENSMUSP00000074259; ENSMUSG00000057614
GeneIDⁱ	14677
KEGGⁱ	mmu:14677
UCSC genome browser More...UCSCⁱ	uc008wns.1 mouse

Similar proteinsⁱ

100% Identity
90% Identity
50% Identity

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
B2RSH2	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1	)	HUMAN		354	UniRef100_P63096
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1		BOVIN		354
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 isoform 1		MACMU		354
G protein subunit alpha i1		PANTR		354
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1		LIPVE		354
+36

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
B2RSH2	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1	)	HUMAN		354	UniRef90_P63096
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1		BOVIN		354
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 isoform 1		MACMU		354
G protein subunit alpha i1		PANTR		354
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1		LIPVE		354
+43

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
B2RSH2	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1	)	HUMAN		354	UniRef50_P63096
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1		BOVIN		354
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 isoform 1		MACMU		354
G protein subunit alpha i1		PANTR		354
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1		LIPVE		354
+61

Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	BC138862 mRNA Translation: AAI38863.1 BC138865 mRNA Translation: AAI38866.1
CCDSⁱ	CCDS39018.1
RefSeqⁱ	NP_034435.1, NM_010305.1
UniGeneⁱ	Mm.254629

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	B2RSH2
SMRⁱ	B2RSH2
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	199966, 4 interactors
CORUMⁱ	B2RSH2
IntActⁱ	B2RSH2, 3 interactors
STRINGⁱ	10090.ENSMUSP00000074259

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	B2RSH2
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	B2RSH2
SwissPalmⁱ	B2RSH2

Proteomic databases

MaxQBⁱ	B2RSH2
PaxDbⁱ	B2RSH2
PeptideAtlasⁱ	B2RSH2
PRIDEⁱ	B2RSH2

Protocols and materials databases

Structural Biology Knowledgebase	Search...

Structural Biology Knowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENSMUST00000074694; ENSMUSP00000074259; ENSMUSG00000057614
GeneIDⁱ	14677
KEGGⁱ	mmu:14677
UCSCⁱ	uc008wns.1 mouse

Organism-specific databases

CTDⁱ	2770
MGIⁱ	MGI:95771 Gnai1

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG0082 Eukaryota ENOG410XNVQ LUCA
GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00760000118851
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000038730
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG063184
InParanoidⁱ	B2RSH2
KOⁱ	K04630
OMAⁱ	RIAQTSY
OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G0VUT
PhylomeDBⁱ	B2RSH2
TreeFamⁱ	TF300673

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-MMU-112043 PLC beta mediated events R-MMU-170670 Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway R-MMU-202040 G-protein activation R-MMU-392170 ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 R-MMU-400042 Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion R-MMU-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events R-MMU-6814122 Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding

Reactomeⁱ

R-MMU-112043 PLC beta mediated events
R-MMU-170670 Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
R-MMU-202040 G-protein activation
R-MMU-392170 ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-MMU-400042 Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-MMU-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events
R-MMU-6814122 Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding

Miscellaneous databases

Protein Ontology More...PROⁱ	PR:B2RSH2
SOURCEⁱ	Search...

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSMUSG00000057614 Expressed in 278 organ(s), highest expression level in CA1 field of hippocampus
Genevisibleⁱ	B2RSH2 MM

Family and domain databases

CDDⁱ	cd00066 G-alpha, 1 hit
Gene3Dⁱ	1.10.400.10, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR001408 Gprotein_alpha_I IPR001019 Gprotein_alpha_su IPR011025 GproteinA_insert IPR027417 P-loop_NTPase
PANTHERⁱ	PTHR10218 PTHR10218, 1 hit
Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00503 G-alpha, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00318 GPROTEINA PR00441 GPROTEINAI
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00275 G_alpha, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47895 SSF47895, 1 hit SSF52540 SSF52540, 1 hit
ProtoNetⁱ	Search...

Entry informationⁱ

Entry nameⁱ	GNAI1_MOUSE
Accessionⁱ	B2RSH2Primary (citable) accession number: B2RSH2
Entry historyⁱ	Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 31, 2011
	Last sequence update:	July 1, 2008
	Last modified:	November 7, 2018
	This is version 99 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusⁱ	Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation program	Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Complete proteome, Reference proteome

Documents

SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families
MGD cross-references
Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB

UniParc

Help

UniRef

Proteomes

Annotation systems

Supporting data

UniProtKB - B2RSH2 (GNAI1_MOUSE)

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Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

Select a section on the left to see content.

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Sites

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

GO - Biological processi

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Cytoskeleton

Nucleus

Plasma membrane

Other locations

Cytoskeleton

Nucleus

Plasma Membrane

Other locations

Keywords - Cellular componenti

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMi

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

GO - Molecular functioni

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

Documents

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Functionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GO - Biological processⁱ

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

PTM / Processingⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Expressionⁱ

Interactionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

Structureⁱ

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Cross-referencesⁱ

Entry informationⁱ

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ