UniProtKB - A0A7T8KZF1 (A0A7T8KZF1_SARS2)
Spike glycoprotein
S
Functioni
Spike protein S1: attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection.
UniRule annotationSpike protein S2': Acts as a viral fusion peptide which is unmasked following S2 cleavage occurring upon virus endocytosis.
UniRule annotationSpike protein S2: mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by acting as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.
UniRule annotationCaution
GO - Biological processi
- endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell Source: UniProtKB-UniRule
- fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane Source: UniProtKB-UniRule
- fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane Source: UniProtKB-UniRule
- receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell Source: UniProtKB-UniRule
Keywordsi
Biological process | Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membraneUniRule annotation, Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane, Host-virus interaction, Viral attachment to host cellUniRule annotation, Viral penetration into host cytoplasm, VirulenceUniRule annotation, Virus entry into host cell |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Spike glycoproteinUniRule annotationShort name: S glycoproteinUniRule annotation Alternative name(s): E2UniRule annotation Peplomer proteinUniRule annotation Cleaved into the following 3 chains: Spike protein S1UniRule annotation Spike protein S2UniRule annotation Spike protein S2'UniRule annotation |
Gene namesi | Name:SUniRule annotationImported |
Organismi | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV) (SARS-CoV-2)Imported |
Taxonomic identifieri | 2697049 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Viruses › Riboviria › Orthornavirae › Pisuviricota › Pisoniviricetes › Nidovirales › Cornidovirineae › Coronaviridae › Orthocoronavirinae › Betacoronavirus › Sarbecovirus › |
Virus hosti | Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] |
Subcellular locationi
- Virion membrane UniRule annotation; Single-pass type I membrane protein UniRule annotation
- Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane UniRule annotation; Single-pass type I membrane protein UniRule annotation
- Host cell membrane UniRule annotation; Single-pass type I membrane protein UniRule annotation Note: Accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment, where it participates in virus particle assembly. Some S oligomers are transported to the host plasma membrane, where they may mediate cell-cell fusion.UniRule annotation
Topology
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Topological domaini | 1232 – 1270 | CytoplasmicUniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 39 |
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Host cell membraneUniRule annotation, Host membrane, Membrane, Viral envelope proteinUniRule annotation, VirionPTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_5033205543 | 683 – 1270 | Spike protein S2UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 588 | |
ChainiPRO_5033205542 | 813 – 1270 | Spike protein S2'UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 458 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Disulfide bondi | 333 ↔ 358 | UniRule annotation | ||
Disulfide bondi | 376 ↔ 429 | UniRule annotation | ||
Disulfide bondi | 837 ↔ 848 | UniRule annotation |
Post-translational modificationi
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sitei | 682 – 683 | CleavageUniRule annotation | 2 | |
Sitei | 812 – 813 | CleavageUniRule annotation | 2 |
Keywords - PTMi
Disulfide bondUniRule annotation, GlycoproteinUniRule annotation, Lipoprotein, PalmitateUniRule annotationInteractioni
Subunit structurei
Homotrimer; each monomer consists of a S1 and a S2 subunit. The resulting peplomers protrude from the virus surface as spikes.
UniRule annotationFamily & Domainsi
Region
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regioni | 813 – 834 | Fusion peptide 1UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 22 | |
Regioni | 832 – 852 | Fusion peptide 2UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 21 | |
Regioni | 917 – 967 | Heptad repeat 1UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 51 | |
Regioni | 1160 – 1199 | Heptad repeat 2UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 40 |
Coiled coil
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Coiled coili | 946 – 990 | UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 45 | |
Coiled coili | 1172 – 1200 | UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 29 |
Motif
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Motifi | 1266 – 1270 | KxHxxUniRule annotation | 5 |
Domaini
Sequence similaritiesi
Keywords - Domaini
Coiled coilUniRule annotation, SignalUniRule annotation, Transmembrane, Transmembrane helixUniRule annotationFamily and domain databases
CDDi | cd21480, SARS-CoV-2_Spike_S1_RBD, 1 hit cd21624, SARS-CoV-like_Spike_S1_NTD, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 2.60.120.960, 1 hit |
HAMAPi | MF_04099, BETA_CORONA_SPIKE, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR032500, bCoV_S1_N IPR042578, BETA_CORONA_SPIKE IPR043607, CoV_S1_C IPR043473, S2_sf_CoV IPR043002, Spike_N_sf IPR036326, Spike_rcpt-bd_sf_CoV IPR044341, Spike_S1_N_SARS-CoV-like IPR018548, Spike_S1_RBD_bCoV IPR044366, Spike_S1_RBD_SARS-CoV-2 IPR002552, Spike_S2_CoV IPR044873, Spike_S2_CoV_HR1 IPR044874, Spike_S2_CoV_HR2 |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF16451, bCoV_S1_N, 1 hit PF09408, bCoV_S1_RBD, 1 hit PF19209, CoV_S1_C, 1 hit PF01601, CoV_S2, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF111474, SSF111474, 2 hits SSF143587, SSF143587, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS51921, BCOV_S1_CTD, 1 hit PS51922, BCOV_S1_NTD, 1 hit PS51923, COV_S2_HR1, 1 hit PS51924, COV_S2_HR2, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
10 20 30 40 50
MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS
60 70 80 90 100
TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAISG TNGTKRFDNP VLPFNDGVYF ASTEKSNIIR
110 120 130 140 150
GWIFGTTLDS KTQSLLIVNN ATNVVIKVCE FQFCNDPFLG VYHKNNKSWM
160 170 180 190 200
ESEFRVYSSA NNCTFEYVSQ PFLMDLEGKQ GNFKNLREFV FKNIDGYFKI
210 220 230 240 250
YSKHTPINLV RDLPQGFSAL EPLVDLPIGI NITRFQTLLA LHRSYLTPGD
260 270 280 290 300
SSSGWTAGAA AYYVGYLQPR TFLLKYNENG TITDAVDCAL DPLSETKCTL
310 320 330 340 350
KSFTVEKGIY QTSNFRVQPT ESIVRFPNIT NLCPFGEVFN ATRFASVYAW
360 370 380 390 400
NRKRISNCVA DYSVLYNSAS FSTFKCYGVS PTKLNDLCFT NVYADSFVIR
410 420 430 440 450
GDEVRQIAPG QTGKIADYNY KLPDDFTGCV IAWNSNNLDS KVGGNYNYLY
460 470 480 490 500
RLFRKSNLKP FERDISTEIY QAGSTPCNGV EGFNCYFPLQ SYGFQPTYGV
510 520 530 540 550
GYQPYRVVVL SFELLHAPAT VCGPKKSTNL VKNKCVNFNF NGLTGTGVLT
560 570 580 590 600
ESNKKFLPFQ QFGRDIDDTT DAVRDPQTLE ILDITPCSFG GVSVITPGTN
610 620 630 640 650
TSNQVAVLYQ GVNCTEVPVA IHADQLTPTW RVYSTGSNVF QTRAGCLIGA
660 670 680 690 700
EHVNNSYECD IPIGAGICAS YQTQTNSHRR ARSVASQSII AYTMSLGAEN
710 720 730 740 750
SVAYSNNSIA IPINFTISVT TEILPVSMTK TSVDCTMYIC GDSTECSNLL
760 770 780 790 800
LQYGSFCTQL NRALTGIAVE QDKNTQEVFA QVKQIYKTPP IKDFGGFNFS
810 820 830 840 850
QILPDPSKPS KRSFIEDLLF NKVTLADAGF IKQYGDCLGD IAARDLICAQ
860 870 880 890 900
KFNGLTVLPP LLTDEMIAQY TSALLAGTIT SGWTFGAGAA LQIPFAMQMA
910 920 930 940 950
YRFNGIGVTQ NVLYENQKLI ANQFNSAIGK IQDSLSSTAS ALGKLQDVVN
960 970 980 990 1000
QNAQALNTLV KQLSSNFGAI SSVLNDILAR LDKVEAEVQI DRLITGRLQS
1010 1020 1030 1040 1050
LQTYVTQQLI RAAEIRASAN LAATKMSECV LGQSKRVDFC GKGYHLMSFP
1060 1070 1080 1090 1100
QSAPHGVVFL HVTYVPAQEK NFTTAPAICH DGKAHFPREG VFVSNGTHWF
1110 1120 1130 1140 1150
VTQRNFYEPQ IITTHNTFVS GNCDVVIGIV NNTVYDPLQP ELDSFKEELD
1160 1170 1180 1190 1200
KYFKNHTSPD VDLGDISGIN ASVVNIQKEI DRLNEVAKNL NESLIDLQEL
1210 1220 1230 1240 1250
GKYEQYIKWP WYIWLGFIAG LIAIVMVTIM LCCMTSCCSC LKGCCSCGSC
1260 1270
CKFDEDDSEP VLKGVKLHYT
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | MW822594 Genomic RNA Translation: QTH25075.1 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | MW822594 Genomic RNA Translation: QTH25075.1 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | A0A7T8KZF1 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd21480, SARS-CoV-2_Spike_S1_RBD, 1 hit cd21624, SARS-CoV-like_Spike_S1_NTD, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 2.60.120.960, 1 hit |
HAMAPi | MF_04099, BETA_CORONA_SPIKE, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR032500, bCoV_S1_N IPR042578, BETA_CORONA_SPIKE IPR043607, CoV_S1_C IPR043473, S2_sf_CoV IPR043002, Spike_N_sf IPR036326, Spike_rcpt-bd_sf_CoV IPR044341, Spike_S1_N_SARS-CoV-like IPR018548, Spike_S1_RBD_bCoV IPR044366, Spike_S1_RBD_SARS-CoV-2 IPR002552, Spike_S2_CoV IPR044873, Spike_S2_CoV_HR1 IPR044874, Spike_S2_CoV_HR2 |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF16451, bCoV_S1_N, 1 hit PF09408, bCoV_S1_RBD, 1 hit PF19209, CoV_S1_C, 1 hit PF01601, CoV_S2, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF111474, SSF111474, 2 hits SSF143587, SSF143587, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS51921, BCOV_S1_CTD, 1 hit PS51922, BCOV_S1_NTD, 1 hit PS51923, COV_S2_HR1, 1 hit PS51924, COV_S2_HR2, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | A0A7T8KZF1_SARS2 | |
Accessioni | A0A7T8KZF1Primary (citable) accession number: A0A7T8KZF1 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL: | June 2, 2021 |
Last sequence update: | June 2, 2021 | |
Last modified: | May 25, 2022 | |
This is version 4 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Unreviewed (UniProtKB/TrEMBL) |