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UniProtKB - A0A0M3Q1Q3 (GTPS1_THYVU)
Protein
Gamma-terpinene synthase 1
Gene
TPS1
Organism
Thymus vulgaris (Thyme)
Status
Functioni
Involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic monoterpenes natural products thymol and carvacrol which have a broad range of biological activities acting as antimicrobial compounds, insecticides, antioxidants and pharmaceutical agents (PubMed:26750479).
Monoterpene synthase which catalyzes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) to gamma-terpinene and the minor products alpha-thujene, alpha-terpinene, myrcene, sabinene, (+)-R-limonene, alpha-pinene and alpha-phellandrene (PubMed:26750479).
1 PublicationCatalytic activityi
- EC:4.2.3.1141 PublicationThis reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- EC:4.2.3.115By similarityThis reaction proceeds in the forwardBy similarity direction.
Cofactori
: terpenoid biosynthesis Pathwayi
This protein is involved in the pathway terpenoid biosynthesis, which is part of Secondary metabolite biosynthesis.1 PublicationView all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the pathway terpenoid biosynthesis and in Secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Metal bindingi | 295 | Manganese 1By similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 295 | Manganese 2By similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 299 | Manganese 1By similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 299 | Manganese 2By similarity | 1 | |
Sitei | 302 | Required for gamma-terpinene synthase activity1 Publication | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 439 | Manganese 3By similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 447 | Manganese 3By similarity | 1 | |
Sitei | 511 | Required for gamma-terpinene synthase activity1 Publication | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- gamma-terpinene synthase activity Source: UniProtKB
- magnesium ion binding Source: InterPro
- protein homodimerization activity Source: UniProtKB
- terpene synthase activity Source: InterPro
GO - Biological processi
- diterpenoid biosynthetic process Source: InterPro
- response to jasmonic acid Source: UniProtKB
- response to salicylic acid Source: UniProtKB
- response to UV-C Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Lyase |
Ligand | Magnesium, Manganese, Metal-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathwayi | UPA00213 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | |
Gene namesi | Name:TPS11 Publication |
Organismi | Thymus vulgaris (Thyme) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 49992 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliopsida › eudicotyledons › Gunneridae › Pentapetalae › asterids › lamiids › Lamiales › Lamiaceae › Nepetoideae › Mentheae › Thymus |
Pathology & Biotechi
Biotechnological usei
The monoterpenic phenol thymol is widely used as a fragrance and a flavoring ingredient in food and cosmetic industries (PubMed:29785774). Its derivatives have also several biological and pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticarcinogenesis, antiinflammatory and antispasmodic activities (PubMed:29785774, PubMed:29874939). Medical applications include the treatment of disorders affecting the respiratory, nervous, and cardiovascular systems (PubMed:29785774). It may also act as a growth enhancer and immunomodulator (PubMed:29785774). Thymol may also have antiviral activity toward COVID-19 by binding to the S1 receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein (PubMed:32834111, PubMed:33855010).4 Publications
The monoterpenic phenol carvacrol is commonly used as a fragrance and a food flavoring ingredient and preservative (PubMed:24915411). Its derivatives exhibit also various biological and pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, insecticid, nematicid, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, spasmolytic, and vasorelaxant (PubMed:24915411, PubMed:29874939, PubMed:30836858, PubMed:33664752). Phytochemical inhibitor targeting the main SARS-CoV-2 viral protease (Mpro) and ACE2 in human host cells, carvacrol is a possible candidate for treating COVID-19 (PubMed:33664752, PubMed:32448034). Carvacrol may also have antiviral activity toward COVID-19 by binding to the S1 receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein (PubMed:32834111, PubMed:33855010).7 Publications
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 302 | D → G: Abolished gamma-terpinene synthase activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 511 | T → A: Reduced gamma-terpinene synthase activity. 1 Publication | 1 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000453309 | 1 – 542 | Gamma-terpinene synthase 1Add BLAST | 542 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Mostly expressed in flowers and, to a lower extent, in leaves, especially in glandular trichomes.1 Publication
Inductioni
Induced by jasmonic acid (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA) and UV-C irradiation.1 Publication
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Homodimer.
1 PublicationGO - Molecular functioni
- protein homodimerization activity Source: UniProtKB
Family & Domainsi
Region
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regioni | 301 – 307 | Homodimerization1 Publication | 7 | |
Regioni | 373 – 410 | Homodimerization1 PublicationAdd BLAST | 38 |
Motif
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Motifi | 295 – 299 | DDXXD motifBy similarity | 5 |
Domaini
The Asp-Asp-Xaa-Xaa-Asp/Glu (DDXXD/E) motif is important for the catalytic activity, presumably through binding to Mg2+.By similarity
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the terpene synthase family.Curated
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00684, Terpene_cyclase_plant_C1, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 1.10.600.10, 1 hit 1.50.10.130, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR008949, Isoprenoid_synthase_dom_sf IPR044814, Terpene_cyclase_plant_C1 IPR001906, Terpene_synth_N IPR036965, Terpene_synth_N_sf IPR005630, Terpene_synthase_metal-bd IPR008930, Terpenoid_cyclase/PrenylTrfase |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF01397, Terpene_synth, 1 hit PF03936, Terpene_synth_C, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF48239, SSF48239, 1 hit SSF48576, SSF48576, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
A0A0M3Q1Q3-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MRRSGNYQAP VWNNDFIQSF STDKYKDEKF LKKKEELIAQ VKVLLNTKME
60 70 80 90 100
AVKQLELIED LRNLGLTYYF EDEFKKILTS IYNEHKGFKN EQVGDLYFTS
110 120 130 140 150
LAFRLLRLHG FDVSEDVFNF FKNEDGSDFK ASLGENTKDV LELYEASFLI
160 170 180 190 200
RVGEVTLEQA RVFSTKILEK KVEEGIKDEK LLAWIQHSLA LPLHWRIQRL
210 220 230 240 250
EARWFLDAYK ARKDMNPIIY ELGKIDFHII QETQLQEVQE VSQWWTNTNL
260 270 280 290 300
AEKLPFVRDR IVECYFWALG LFEPHEYGYQ RKMAAIIITF VTIIDDVYDV
310 320 330 340 350
YDTLDELQLF TDAIRKWDVE SISTLPYYMQ VCYLAVFTYA SELAYDILKD
360 370 380 390 400
QGFNSISYLQ RSWLSLVEGF FQEAKWYYAG YTPTLAEYLE NAKVSISSPT
410 420 430 440 450
IISQVYFTLP NSTERTVVEN VFGYHNILYL SGMILRLADD LGTTQFELKR
460 470 480 490 500
GDVQKAIQCY MNDNNATEEE GTEHVKYLLR EAWQEMNSAM ADPDCPLSED
510 520 530 540
LVFAAANLGR TSQFIYLDGD GHGVQHSEIH NQMGGLIFEP YV
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | KR920616 mRNA Translation: ALB78115.1 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | KR920616 mRNA Translation: ALB78115.1 |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
5C05 | X-ray | 1.65 | A/B | 1-542 | [»] | |
SMRi | A0A0M3Q1Q3 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathwayi | UPA00213 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00684, Terpene_cyclase_plant_C1, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 1.10.600.10, 1 hit 1.50.10.130, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR008949, Isoprenoid_synthase_dom_sf IPR044814, Terpene_cyclase_plant_C1 IPR001906, Terpene_synth_N IPR036965, Terpene_synth_N_sf IPR005630, Terpene_synthase_metal-bd IPR008930, Terpenoid_cyclase/PrenylTrfase |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF01397, Terpene_synth, 1 hit PF03936, Terpene_synth_C, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF48239, SSF48239, 1 hit SSF48576, SSF48576, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | GTPS1_THYVU | |
Accessioni | A0A0M3Q1Q3Primary (citable) accession number: A0A0M3Q1Q3 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | September 29, 2021 |
Last sequence update: | December 9, 2015 | |
Last modified: | September 29, 2021 | |
This is version 29 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Plant Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structureDocuments
- PATHWAY comments
Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families