Overview

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Drosophila melanogaster is a fruit fly and the most studied species from the family Drosophilidae. It has been used as a model organism for genetic and developmental studies since the first experiments on sex-linkage and genetic recombination carried out by Thomas Hunt Morgan in the 1900s. Its importance for human health was recognized by the award of the Nobel Prize in medicine/physiology to Ed Lewis, Christiane Nusslein-Volhard and Eric Wieschaus in 1995 for their research on the genetic control of embryonic development. Moreover, recent genetic analyses have shown that around 75% of human disease genes have homologs in Drosophila melanogaster

The Drosophila melanogaster complete genome sequence was published in 2000. It contains 180 Mb (one third of which is centric heterochromatin) and approximately 14,000 protein-coding genes.

Componentsⁱ <p>Genomic components encoding the proteome</p>

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Publications

1. "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review."
   Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J.

   , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.
   Genome Biol. 2002:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
2. "Sequence finishing and mapping of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatin."
   Hoskins R.A., Carlson J.W., Kennedy C., Acevedo D., Evans-Holm M., Frise E., Wan K.H., Park S., Mendez-Lago M., Rossi F., Villasante A., Dimitri P., Karpen G.H., Celniker S.E.
   Science 2007:1625-1628(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
3. "Heterochromatic sequences in a Drosophila whole-genome shotgun assembly."
   Hoskins R.A., Smith C.D., Carlson J.W., Carvalho A.B., Halpern A., Kaminker J.S., Kennedy C., Mungall C.J., Sullivan B.A., Sutton G.G., Yasuhara J.C., Wakimoto B.T., Myers E.W., Celniker S.E., Rubin G.M., Karpen G.H.
   Genome Biol. 2002:RESEARCH0085-RESEARCH0085(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
4. Wan K., Celniker S.
   Submitted (AUG-2014) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
5. "Finishing a whole-genome shotgun: release 3 of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome sequence."
   Celniker S.E., Wheeler D.A., Kronmiller B., Carlson J.W., Halpern A., Patel S., Adams M., Champe M., Dugan S.P., Frise E., Hodgson A., George R.A., Hoskins R.A., Laverty T., Muzny D.M., Nelson C.R., Pacleb J.M., Park S.

   , Pfeiffer B.D., Richards S., Sodergren E.J., Svirskas R., Tabor P.E., Wan K., Stapleton M., Sutton G.G., Venter C., Weinstock G., Scherer S.E., Myers E.W., Gibbs R.A., Rubin G.M.
   Genome Biol. 2002:RESEARCH0079-RESEARCH0079(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
6. "The Release 5.1 annotation of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatin."
   Smith C.D., Shu S., Mungall C.J., Karpen G.H.
   Science 2007:1586-1591(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
7. "The transposable elements of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatin: a genomics perspective."
   Kaminker J.S., Bergman C.M., Kronmiller B., Carlson J., Svirskas R., Patel S., Frise E., Wheeler D.A., Lewis S.E., Rubin G.M., Ashburner M., Celniker S.E.
   Genome Biol. 2002:RESEARCH0084-RESEARCH0084(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
8. "Combined evidence annotation of transposable elements in genome sequences."
   Quesneville H., Bergman C.M., Andrieu O., Autard D., Nouaud D., Ashburner M., Anxolabehere D.
   PLoS Comput. Biol. 2005:166-175(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
9. "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster."
   Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D.

   , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C.
   Science 2000:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]