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        UniProt - Swiss-Prot Protein Knowledgebase
        SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; Geneva, Switzerland
        European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI); Hinxton, United Kingdom
        Protein Information Resource (PIR); Washington DC, USA
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Description: Controlled vocabulary of metabolic pathways
Name:        pathlist.txt
Release:     2024_02 of 27-Mar-2024

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 This document lists the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot controlled vocabulary used
 for the metabolic pathways in the PATHWAY lines.

 It provides definitions of the terms as well as other relevant information
 for the following UniPathway concepts:

 * Pathway
 * Sub-pathway
 * Enzymatic reaction (step)
  
 It follows the format below:
  
  ---------  -------------------------------   ----------------------------
  Line code  Content                           Occurrence in an entry
  ---------  -------------------------------   ----------------------------
  ID         Identifier                        Once; starts an entry
  AC         Accession number                  Once
  CL         UniPathway class                  Once
  DE         Definition                        Once or more
  SY         Synonym(s)                        Optional; once or more
  HI         Relationship is-a                 Optional; once or more
  HP         Relationship part-of              Optional; once or more
  DR         Cross-reference(s)                Optional; once or more
  //         Terminator                        Once; ends an entry


 This controlled vocabulary is provided by the UniPathway project 
 (http://www.grenoble.prabi.fr/obiwarehouse/unipathway), a collaborative
 effort involving the SIB (https://www.sib.swiss) and the INRIA
 (https://www.inria.fr/fr/centre-inria-universite-grenoble-alpes)

___________________________________________________________________________
ID   lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00030
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS comprises three parts:
DE   i) polysaccharide (O) side chains (O-antigen); ii) core
DE   oligosaccharide; iii) lipid A. Lipid A contains unusual fatty acids
DE   (e.g. hydroxy-myristic acid) and is inserted into the outer membrane
DE   while the rest of the LPS projects from the surface. Core
DE   oligosaccharide contains unusual sugars (e.g. KDO, keto-
DE   deoxyoctulonate and heptulose). It contains two glucosamine sugar
DE   derivatives each containing three fatty acids with phosphate or
DE   pyrophosphate attached. The core polysaccharide is attached to lipid
DE   A, which is also in part responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative
DE   bacteria. The polysaccharide side chain is referred as the O-antigen
DE   of the bacteria. O side chain (O-antigen) is also a polysaccharide
DE   chain that extends from the core polysaccharide. LPS are major
DE   components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, contributing
DE   greatly to the structural integrity of the bacteria, and protecting
DE   the membrane from certain kinds of chemical attack. By increasing the
DE   negative charge of the cell wall LSP helps stabilize the overall
DE   membrane structure. LPS forms the amphipathic interface between Gram-
DE   negative bacteria and their environment and contributes protection
DE   against antibiotics and the complement system. The alternative name,
DE   endotoxin, is indicative of the capacity to cause septic shock by
DE   hyperstimulation of the immune system.
SY   LPS biosynthesis; endotoxin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; 12045108.
DR   PubMed; 11521077.
DR   PubMed; 16953973.
DR   GO; GO:0009103; P:lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   nitrogen metabolism.
AC   UPA00045
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and physical changes involving various organic
DE   and inorganic nitrogenous compounds; includes nitrogen fixation,
DE   nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate
DE   reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and
DE   ammonium.
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006807; P:nitrogen compound metabolic process.
//
ID   steroid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00062
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of steroid compounds. A steroid
DE   is a terpenoid lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton with four
DE   fused rings, generally arranged in a 6-6-6-5 fashion. Steroids vary by
DE   the functional groups attached to these rings and the oxidation state
DE   of the rings. Hundreds of distinct steroids are found in plants,
DE   animals, and fungi. All steroids are made in cells either from the
DE   sterol lanosterol (animals and fungi) or the sterol cycloartenol
DE   (plants). Both sterols are derived from the cyclization of the
DE   triterpene squalene.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006694; P:steroid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   phospholipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00085
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a
DE   mono- or diester.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006644; P:phospholipid metabolic process.
//
ID   photosynthesis.
AC   UPA00091
CL   Pathway.
DE   Photosynthesis is a biochemical process in which plants, algae, and
DE   some bacteria harness the energy of light to produce simple nutrient
DE   molecules, such as glucose. During photosynthesis, simple sugars are
DE   produced by combining carbon dioxide and water using light (sunlight)
DE   as an energy source and producing oxygen as a by-product. Notice that
DE   some forms of photosynthesis do not release oxygen. The synthesis by
DE   organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates,
DE   from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than
DE   from the oxidation of chemical compounds. [source: GO] The
DE   carboxylation process is generally known as CO2 fixation (carbon
DE   fixation), and the oxygenation process is known as photorespiration. .
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0015979; P:photosynthesis.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7fd0>.
//
ID   sulfur metabolism.
AC   UPA00096
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of compound containing sulfur.
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006790; P:sulfur compound metabolic process.
//
ID   xenobiotic degradation.
AC   UPA00105
CL   Pathway.
DE   The breakdown into simpler components of xenobiotics, chemical
DE   substances that are foreign to the biological system.
SY   xenobiotic catabolism; xenobiotic biodegradation.
DR   GO; GO:0042178; P:xenobiotic catabolic process.
//
ID   amino-sugar metabolism.
AC   UPA00216
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of amino-sugar compounds.
SY   aminosugar metabolism; amino sugar metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006040; P:amino sugar metabolic process.
//
ID   sphingolipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00222
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of sphingolipid compounds, any of a class of lipids
DE   containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related
DE   base (a sphingoid). There are three main types of sphingolipids:
DE   ceramides, sphingomyelins and glycosphingolipids.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006665; P:sphingolipid metabolic process.
//
ID   glycerolipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00230
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glycerolipids.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046486; P:glycerolipid metabolic process.
//
ID   amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00289
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of amines and polyamines. These compounds play a variety
DE   of roles in metabolism, including acting as osmoprotectants, keeping
DE   DNA in a condensed state, and serving as intermediates in the
DE   synthesis of macromolecules. The polyamines, e.g. 1,3-diaminopropane,
DE   putrescine, cadaverine, agmatine, spermidine and spermine, are wide-
DE   spread in all organisms, and have been shown to play a role in the
DE   regulation of growth and differentiation of virtually all types of
DE   cells.
DR   PubMed; 3157043.
DR   GO; GO:0009309; P:amine biosynthetic process.
DR   GO; GO:0006596; P:polyamine biosynthetic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a992716d0>.
//
ID   antibiotic biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00295
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of organic compounds able to kill bacteria, or inhibit
DE   their growth.
DR   GO; GO:0017000; P:antibiotic biosynthetic process.
//
ID   siderophore biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00302
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of iron-sequestering compounds. The production of
DE   siderophores is a key feature which enables pathogenic bacteria to
DE   survive within the vertebrate host. Siderophores facilitate the
DE   solubilization and transport of ferric iron into the cell essential
DE   requirement for bacterial growth.
SY   siderochrome biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019290; P:siderophore biosynthetic process.
//
ID   nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00304
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of nucleotide-sugars, any nucleotide in which the distal
DE   phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic
DE   linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative. [source:
DE   GO].
DR   GO; GO:0009226; P:nucleotide-sugar biosynthetic process.
//
ID   alkene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00305
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of alkene, unsaturated chemical compound containing at
DE   least one carbon-to-carbon double bond.
SY   olefin biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0043450; P:alkene biosynthetic process.
//
ID   pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism.
AC   UPA00313
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of pyrimidine nucleotides.
HI   UPA00486; nucleotide metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006220; P:pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process.
//
ID   biopolymer metabolism.
AC   UPA00316
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and pathways involving biopolymers, long,
DE   repeating chains of monomers found in nature e.g. polysaccharides and
DE   proteins. [source: GO].
DR   GO; GO:0043170; P:macromolecule metabolic process.
//
ID   bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
AC   UPA00324
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biogenesis of bacterial outer membrane constituents. .
//
ID   hydrocarbon metabolism.
AC   UPA00325
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of hydrocarbons, organic compound consisting entirely of
DE   hydrogen and carbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are called alkanes.
DE   Unsaturated hydrocarbons with one double bond are called alkenes.
//
ID   carotenoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00386
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of carotenoids, a group of essential photoprotective and
DE   antioxidant pigments that are naturally occurring in plants and some
DE   other photosynthetic organisms like algae, some types of fungus and
DE   some bacteria. There are over 600 known carotenoids; they are split
DE   into two classes, xanthophylls and carotenes. The most important
DE   function of carotenoid pigments, especially beta-carotene in higher
DE   plants, is to protect organisms against photooxidative damage.
DE   Carotenoid biosynthesis involves a series of desaturations,
DE   cyclizations, hydroxylations and epoxydations commencing with the
DE   formation of phytoene.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11884677.
DR   GO; GO:0016117; P:carotenoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   cofactor metabolism.
AC   UPA00398
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and physical changes of a cofactor, a substance
DE   that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.
DE   Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and
DE   copper in certain forms, or organic. Cofactors may either be bound
DE   tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate.
DR   GO; GO:0051186; P:cofactor metabolic process.
//
ID   cofactor biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00399
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of a cofactor, a non-protein
DE   chemical substance that is tightly bound to an enzyme and is required
DE   for catalysis. Cofactors can be considered "helper molecules/ions"
DE   that assist in biochemical transformations. Coenzyme biosynthesis
DE   pathways, e.g coenzyme A biosynthesis are considered under this
DE   pathway-category.
DR   GO; GO:0051188; P:cofactor biosynthetic process.
//
ID   amino-acid metabolism.
AC   UPA00401
CL   Pathway.
DE   metabolism of amino-acids, a group of organic compound containing an
DE   amino group (NH2), a carboxylic acid group (COOH), and any of various
DE   side groups, especially any of the 20 compounds that have the basic
DE   formula NH2CHRCOOH, and that link together by peptide bonds to form
DE   proteins or that function as chemical messengers and as intermediates
DE   in metabolism. Amino-acids are the precursors of many molecules such
DE   as purines, pyrimidines, histamines, adrenaline and melanin.
SY   AA metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006520; P:cellular amino acid metabolic process.
//
ID   amino-acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00402
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of amino-acids, organic acids
DE   containing one or more amino substituents.
SY   naturally-occuring amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0008652; P:cellular amino acid biosynthetic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a99274490>.
//
ID   ketone metabolism.
AC   UPA00408
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and physical changes involving any of a class
DE   of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which
DE   the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula
DE   for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups.
DR   GO; GO:0042180; P:cellular ketone metabolic process.
//
ID   ketone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00409
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of ketones, a class of organic
DE   compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the
DE   carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for
DE   a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups.
DR   GO; GO:0042181; P:ketone biosynthetic process.
//
ID   ketone degradation.
AC   UPA00410
CL   Pathway.
DE   The degradation of ketones, a class of organic compounds that contain
DE   the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only
DE   to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and
DE   R are alkyl or aryl groups.
DR   GO; GO:0042182; P:ketone catabolic process.
//
ID   carbohydrate metabolism.
AC   UPA00411
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are essential structural
DE   component of living cells and source of energy. They include simple
DE   sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances.
DE   Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the
DE   general formula Cx(H2O)y. Carbohydrates are classified according to
DE   the number of monosaccharide groups they contain.
SY   saccharide metabolism; sugar metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0005975; P:carbohydrate metabolic process.
//
ID   carbohydrate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00412
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates
DE   are essential structural component of living cells and source of
DE   energy. They include simple sugars with small molecules as well as
DE   macromolecular substances. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic
DE   compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Carbohydrates are
DE   classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they
DE   contain.
SY   saccharide biosynthesis; sugar biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0016051; P:carbohydrate biosynthetic process.
//
ID   carbohydrate degradation.
AC   UPA00413
CL   Pathway.
DE   The degradation into simpler components of carbohydrates, any of a
DE   group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
DR   GO; GO:0016052; P:carbohydrate catabolic process.
//
ID   metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00415
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of compounds acting as metabolic
DE   intermediates.
//
ID   isoprenoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00416
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of isoprene derivatives.
DE   Isoprene is the chemical 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene. It is a common
DE   structural motif in biological systems. The terpenes (for example, the
DE   carotenes are tetraterpenes) are derived from isoprene, as are the
DE   terpenoids and coenzyme Q. Also derived from isoprene are phytol,
DE   retinol (vitamin A) , tocopherol (vitamin E), dolichols, and squalene.
DE   Heme A has an isoprenoid tail, and lanosterol, the sterol precursor in
DE   animals, is derived from squalene and hence from isoprene. The
DE   functional isoprene units in biological systems are dimethylallyl
DE   pyrophosphate (DMAPP) and its isomer isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP),
DE   which are used in the biosynthesis of terpenes and lanosterol
DE   derivatives.
DR   GO; GO:0008299; P:isoprenoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   phytoalexin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00421
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phytoalexins, a group of antibiotics produced by
DE   plants that are under attack. Phytoalexins tend to fall into several
DE   classes including terpenoids, glycosteroids and alkaloids. It is
DE   convenient to extend the definition to include all phytochemicals that
DE   are part of the plant's defensive arsenal. Phytoalexins produced in
DE   plants act as toxins to the attacking organism. .
DR   GO; GO:0052315; P:phytoalexin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   terpene metabolism.
AC   UPA00423
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of terpenes, a class of hydrocarbons produced by many
DE   plants, particularly conifers. Terpenes are major components of resin,
DE   and of turpentine produced from resin. The name 'terpene' comes from
DE   'turpentine'. Terpenes are derived from isoprene C5H8 units and have
DE   the basic formula of multiples of it, i.e., (C5H8)n. The isoprene
DE   units can be arranged in a linear way or forming rings. One can
DE   consider isoprene as one of nature's preferred building blocks.
DE   Terpenes can be classified according to the number of isoprene units
DE   that they contain: * Monoterpenes, C10H16, 2 isoprene units *
DE   Sesquiterpenes, C15H24, 3 isoprene units * Diterpenes, C20H32, 4
DE   isoprene units * Triterpenes, C30H48, 6 isoprene units *
DE   Tetraterpenes, C40H60, 8 isoprene units * Polyterpenes with a large
DE   number of isoprene units If terpenes are further modified, for
DE   instance by adding hydroxyl groups or moving or removing a methyl
DE   group, the resulting compounds are called terpenoids. (Some authors
DE   also call these compounds terpenes.) [wikipedia].
DR   GO; GO:0042214; P:terpene metabolic process.
//
ID   nucleotide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00424
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of nucleotides, any nucleoside
DE   that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any
DE   hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or
DE   triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside
DE   cyclic phosphates).
DR   GO; GO:0009165; P:nucleotide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   nucleoside biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00425
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of nucleosides. Nucleosides are glycosylamines made by
DE   attaching a nucleobase (often referred to simply as bases) to a ribose
DE   or deoxyribose ring. In short, a nucleoside is a base linked to sugar.
DR   GO; GO:0009163; P:nucleoside biosynthetic process.
//
ID   energy metabolism.
AC   UPA00426
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions involved in energy transformations within
DE   cells. .
DR   GO; GO:0006112; P:energy reserve metabolic process.
DR   GO; GO:0006091; P:generation of precursor metabolites and energy.
//
ID   amino-acid degradation.
AC   UPA00427
CL   Pathway.
DE   The breakdown into simpler components of amino-acids, organic acids
DE   containing one or more amino substituents.
SY   amino-acid catabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0009063; P:cellular amino acid catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a99274450>.
//
ID   aromatic compound metabolism.
AC   UPA00433
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of aromatic compounds.
DR   GO; GO:0006725; P:cellular aromatic compound metabolic process.
//
ID   hormone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00435
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of hormone, a chemical messenger from one cell (or group
DE   of cells) to another. Plant hormones pathways are described as
DE   phytohormone biosynthesis pathways.
DR   GO; GO:0042446; P:hormone biosynthetic process.
//
ID   lipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00436
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of lipid compounds.
DR   GO; GO:0006629; P:lipid metabolic process.
//
ID   plant hormone metabolism.
AC   UPA00437
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of plant hormones (plant growth regulators, PGRs,
DE   phytohormons). Plant hormones are internally-secreted chemicals in
DE   plants that are used for regulating the plant growth. According to a
DE   standard definition, plant hormones are signal molecules produced at
DE   specific locations, that occur in very low concentrations, and cause
DE   altered processes in target cells at other locations. It is accepted
DE   that there are five major classes of plant hormones: auxins,
DE   cytokinins(CK's), ethylene, gibberellins (GA's) and abscisic acid
DE   (ABA).
SY   phytohormone metabolism; plant growth regulator metabolism; PGR
SY   metabolism.
//
ID   plant hormone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00438
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of plant hormones (plant growth regulators, PGRs,
DE   phytohormons).
SY   plant growth regulator biosynthesis; phytohormone biosynthesis; PGR
SY   biosynthesis.
//
ID   plant hormone degradation.
AC   UPA00439
CL   Pathway.
DE   degradation of plant hormones (plant growth regulators, PGRs,
DE   phytohormons).
SY   plant growth regulator degradation; phytohormone degradation; PGR
SY   degradation.
//
ID   glycan metabolism.
AC   UPA00441
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glycan polymers. The term glycan refers to a
DE   polysaccharide, or oligosaccharide. Glycan may also be used to refer
DE   to the carbohydrate portion of a glycoconjugate, such as a
DE   glycoprotein, glycolipid, or a proteoglycan. .
SY   polysaccharide metabolism; oligosaccharide metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0005976; P:polysaccharide metabolic process.
//
ID   glycan degradation.
AC   UPA00442
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of glycan polymers. The term glycan refers to a
DE   polysaccharide, or oligosaccharide. Glycan may also be used to refer
DE   to the carbohydrate portion of a glycoconjugate, such as a
DE   glycoprotein, glycolipid, or a proteoglycan. .
SY   polysaccharide degradation; oligosaccharide degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0000272; P:polysaccharide catabolic process.
//
ID   one-carbon metabolism.
AC   UPA00445
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolic pathways related to the flow of one-carbon units into
DE   cellular compounds.
SY   C1 compound metabolism; 1C unit metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006730; P:one-carbon metabolic process.
//
ID   alkaloid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00446
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of alkaloids, nitrogen-containing natural products which
DE   are not otherwise classified as nonprotein amino acids, amines,
DE   peptides, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors,
DE   phytohormones, or primary metabolite (such as purine or pyrimidine
DE   bases). [GO].
DR   GO; GO:0009821; P:alkaloid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   alkaloid degradation.
AC   UPA00447
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of alkaloids.
DR   GO; GO:0009822; P:alkaloid catabolic process.
//
ID   sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00449
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of sesquiterpenes.
DE   Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene
DE   units and have the molecular formula C15H24. Like monoterpenes,
DE   sesquiterpenes may be acyclic or contain rings, including many unique
DE   combinations. Biochemical modifications such as oxidation or
DE   rearrangement produce the related sesquiterpenoids.
SY   sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0051762; P:sesquiterpene biosynthetic process.
//
ID   lipopolysaccharide metabolism.
AC   UPA00451
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions involving lipopolysaccharides, any of a group
DE   of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of
DE   Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently
DE   linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain.
DE   Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0008653; P:lipopolysaccharide metabolic process.
//
ID   amine and polyamine metabolism.
AC   UPA00455
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of amines and polyamines. These compounds play a variety of
DE   roles in metabolism, including acting as osmoprotectants, keeping DNA
DE   in a condensed state, and serving as intermediates in the synthesis of
DE   macromolecules. The polyamines, e.g. 1,3-diaminopropane, putrescine,
DE   cadaverine, agmatine, spermidine and spermine, are wide-spread in all
DE   organisms, and have been shown to play a role in the regulation of
DE   growth and differentiation of virtually all types of cells.
DR   PubMed; 12641342.
DR   PubMed; 12927050.
DR   GO; GO:0009308; P:amine metabolic process.
DR   GO; GO:0006595; P:polyamine metabolic process.
//
ID   amine and polyamine degradation.
AC   UPA00456
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of amines and polyamines. .
DR   GO; GO:0009310; P:amine catabolic process.
DR   GO; GO:0006598; P:polyamine catabolic process.
//
ID   protein biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00458
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of proteins.
DR   GO; GO:0006412; P:translation.
//
ID   pheromone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00459
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pheromones. A pheromone is a chemical that triggers an
DE   innate behavioural response in another member of the same species.
DE   There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and
DE   many others that affect behavior or physiology.
DR   GO; GO:0042811; P:pheromone biosynthetic process.
//
ID   protein modification.
AC   UPA00460
CL   Pathway.
DE   Proteins are subjected to three classes of protein modifications, i.e.
DE   pre-, co- and post-translational modifications. A majority of
DE   modifications are made when the protein is already folded; these are
DE   genuine post-translational modifications (PTMs). Some modifications
DE   are made while the polypeptide is still being synthesized on the
DE   ribosome; these are co-translational modifications. A few 'non-
DE   standard' amino-acids are incorporated into proteins by modification
DE   of some 'standard' amino-acids while they are charged on special
DE   tRNAs; these are pre-translational modifications.
DR   GO; GO:0006464; P:protein modification process.
//
ID   secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00464
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   secondary metabolite metabolism.
AC   UPA00465
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites are those
DE   chemical compounds in organisms that are not directly involved in the
DE   normal growth, development or reproduction of organisms. Typically
DE   primary metabolites are found across all species within broad
DE   phylogenetic groupings, and are produced using the same pathway (or
DE   nearly the same pathway) in all these species. Secondary metabolites,
DE   by contrast, are often species- specific (or found in only a small set
DE   of species in a narrow phylogenetic group), and without these
DE   compounds the organism suffers from only a mild impairment, lowered
DE   survivability/fecundity, aesthetic differences, or else no change in
DE   phenotype at all [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_metabolite].
//
ID   protein degradation.
AC   UPA00468
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of cellular proteins.
SY   proteolysis.
DR   GO; GO:0044257; P:cellular protein catabolic process.
//
ID   polyketide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00473
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polyketides, a large group of complex natural products
DE   produced mainly by species of Streptomyces and related filamentous
DE   bacteria that include antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer,
DE   antiparasitic and immunosuppressant compounds. Despite their
DE   structures being strikingly diverse, they share a common pattern of
DE   biosynthesis in which simple carboxylic acid units are condensed onto
DE   the growing chain by a polyketide synthase (PKS) in a process
DE   resembling fatty acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8257119.
DR   PubMed; 2088174.
DR   GO; GO:0030639; P:polyketide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   phytotoxin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00477
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phytotoxins.
//
ID   mycotoxin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00478
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mycotoxins, a group of toxins produced by fungus
DE   (mushrooms, molds and yeasts).
DR   GO; GO:0043386; P:mycotoxin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   antifungal biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00479
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of antifungal compounds.
//
ID   tRNA modification.
AC   UPA00481
CL   Pathway.
DE   The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA
DE   molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from
DE   that coded genetically [source: GO]. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is
DE   structurally unique among nucleic acids in harboring an astonishing
DE   diversity of post-transcriptionally modified nucleoside. Over 80
DE   modified nucleosides have been characterized. The nature of nucleoside
DE   modification varies from simple methylation to extensive
DE   "hypermodification" of the canonical bases. Two of the most radically
DE   modified nucleosides known to occur in tRNA are queuosine and
DE   archaeosine, both of which are characterized by a 7-deazaguanosine
DE   core structure.
SY   transfer RNA modification.
DR   PubMed; 12697167.
DR   GO; GO:0006400; P:tRNA modification.
//
ID   cofactor degradation.
AC   UPA00483
CL   Pathway.
DE   Pathways involved in the degradation of cofactors.
DR   GO; GO:0051187; P:cofactor catabolic process.
//
ID   glycan biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00484
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glycan (polysaccharide) polymers. Glycan may also be
DE   used to refer to the carbohydrate portion of a glycoconjugate, such as
DE   a glycoprotein or a proteoglycan. Glycans usually consist solely of
DE   O-glycosidic linkages of monosaccharides (cellulose is a glycan
DE   composed of beta-1,4-linked D-glucose; chitin is a glycan composed of
DE   beta-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine). Glycans can be homo or
DE   heteropolymers of monosaccharide residues, and can be linear or
DE   branched.
SY   polysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0000271; P:polysaccharide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   genetic information processing.
AC   UPA00485
CL   Pathway.
DE   Processing of genetic information.
//
ID   nucleotide metabolism.
AC   UPA00486
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of nucleotides.
DR   GO; GO:0009117; P:nucleotide metabolic process.
//
ID   polyester biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00487
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polyester, a category of polymers which contain the
DE   ester functional group in their main chain.
//
ID   metabolic intermediate metabolism.
AC   UPA00496
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of metabolic intermediate compounds.
//
ID   metabolic intermediate degradation.
AC   UPA00498
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of metabolic intermediate compounds.
//
ID   pigment biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00499
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pigments.
DR   GO; GO:0046148; P:pigment biosynthetic process.
//
ID   steroid metabolism.
AC   UPA00504
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of steroids. A steroid is a terpenoid lipid characterized
DE   by a carbon skeleton with four fused rings, derived from the
DE   cyclization of the triterpene squalene. Different steroids vary in the
DE   functional groups attached to these rings.
DR   GO; GO:0008202; P:steroid metabolic process.
//
ID   glycolipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00505
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked
DE   monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid.
DR   GO; GO:0006664; P:glycolipid metabolic process.
//
ID   glycolipid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00506
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glycolipids (e.g glycosylphosphatidylinositol).
DR   GO; GO:0009247; P:glycolipid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   organosulfur biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00521
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of organosulfurs, organic compounds that contain sulfur.
//
ID   organosulfur degradation.
AC   UPA00522
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of organosulfurs, organic compounds that contain sulfur.
//
ID   cell wall biogenesis.
AC   UPA00547
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of cell wall components.
SY   cell wall biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042546; P:cell wall biogenesis.
//
ID   cell wall degradation.
AC   UPA00548
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of cell wall components.
DR   GO; GO:0016998; P:cell wall macromolecule catabolic process.
//
ID   thermoadapter biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00550
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of thermoadapter, low molecular-weight compounds with
DE   thermoadaptive function (e.g cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate).
//
ID   fermentation.
AC   UPA00553
CL   Pathway.
DE   Fermentation is the anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic
DE   compounds, especially carbohydrates, to other compounds, especially to
DE   ethyl alcohol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate
DE   (ATP). [source: GO].
SY   anaerobic respiration.
DR   GO; GO:0006113; P:fermentation.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a99275310>.
//
ID   pyrimidine metabolism.
AC   UPA00570
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of pyrimidine derivative compounds (nucleotides,
DE   nucleosides, nucleobases). .
SY   pyrimidine derivative metabolism.
//
ID   purine metabolism.
AC   UPA00583
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of purine derivative compounds (nucleotides, nucleosides,
DE   nucleobases). .
SY   purine derivative metabolism.
//
ID   alcohol metabolism.
AC   UPA00611
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of alcohol compounds.
DR   GO; GO:0006066; P:alcohol metabolic process.
//
ID   polyol metabolism.
AC   UPA00613
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of polyol compounds.
DR   GO; GO:0019751; P:polyol metabolic process.
//
ID   exopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00631
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide compounds. Pseudomonas solanacearum.
SY   EPS biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 7476194.
DR   PubMed; 8626297.
//
ID   porphyrin metabolism.
AC   UPA00677
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of porphyrins. Porphyrin is a heterocyclic macrocycle made
DE   from 4 pyrrole subunits linked on opposite sides (alpha position)
DE   through 4 methine bridges (=CH-). Porphyrins combine readily with
DE   metals, coordinating with them in the central cavity. Iron- (heme),
DE   magnesium- (chlorophyll), zinc-, copper-, nickel-, and cobalt-
DE   containing porphyrins are known, and many other metals can be
DE   inserted.
DR   GO; GO:0006778; P:porphyrin metabolic process.
//
ID   porphyrin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00678
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any
DE   member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin.
DR   GO; GO:0006779; P:porphyrin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   porphyrin degradation.
AC   UPA00679
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs
DE   of porphyrin.
DR   GO; GO:0006787; P:porphyrin catabolic process.
//
ID   organic acid metabolism.
AC   UPA00698
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic acids, any
DE   acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage. [GO:0006082].
DR   GO; GO:0006082; P:organic acid metabolic process.
//
ID   flavonoid metabolism.
AC   UPA00709
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonoids, a group of
DE   water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton
DE   including flavones, flavonols and flavanoids, and anthocyanins.
DE   [source: GO].
DR   GO; GO:0009812; P:flavonoid metabolic process.
//
ID   phenylpropanoid metabolism.
AC   UPA00710
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of phenylpropanoids, a group of compounds that are widely
DE   available in natural environments. Phenylpropanoids can originate from
DE   putrefaction of proteins in soil or as breakdown products of several
DE   constituents of plants, such as lignin, various oils, and resins.
DR   GO; GO:0009698; P:phenylpropanoid metabolic process.
//
ID   opine metabolism.
AC   UPA00735
CL   Pathway.
DE   Crown gall tumors and hairy roots are plant neoplasias induced by
DE   pathogenic members of the genus Agrobacterium. The transformed plant
DE   cells are characterized by low MW compounds called opines. The
DE   biosynthesis of these compounds is mediated by specific enzymes
DE   encoded by genes contained in a small segment of DNA (known as the
DE   T-DNA, for 'transfer DNA') inserted by the pathogen bacterium in the
DE   plant genome during infection. The opines produced by plant tumors
DE   serve as nutrient sources for the pathogenic agrobacteria. Each strain
DE   of Agrobacterium induces and catabolizes a specific set of opines.
//
ID   catecholamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00746
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of catecholamines, a group of chemical compounds derived
DE   from the amino-acid tyrosine containing catechol and amine groups. The
DE   most abundant catecholamines are adrenaline (epinephrine),
DE   noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and dopamine.
DR   GO; GO:0042423; P:catecholamine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   alkene metabolism.
AC   UPA00777
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of alkene compounds, unsaturated hydrcarbons containing at
DE   least one carbon-to-carbon double bond.
SY   olefin metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0043449; P:cellular alkene metabolic process.
//
ID   carbohydrate acid metabolism.
AC   UPA00857
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of carbohydrate acid compounds.
//
ID   aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00905
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond
DE   between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA,
DE   usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase.
SY   tRNA aminoacylation; tRNA charching.
DR   GO; GO:0043039; P:tRNA aminoacylation.
//
ID   mRNA processing.
AC   UPA00921
CL   Pathway.
DE   Conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more functional
DE   mRNA(s). This includes 5' capping, 3' cleavage and polyadenylation, as
DE   well as mRNA splicing and RNA editing.
SY   messenger RNA processing.
DR   GO; GO:0006397; P:mRNA processing.
//
ID   cell surface structure biogenesis.
AC   UPA00932
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biogenesis of extracellular cell structures: fimbrae, pili, S-layers,
DE   capsules and slime layers.
SY   extracellular cell structure biogenesis.
//
ID   capsule biogenesis.
AC   UPA00933
CL   Pathway.
DE   Formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the
DE   capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria
DE   and fungi.
DR   GO; GO:0045230; P:capsule organization.
//
ID   slime biogenesis.
AC   UPA00935
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of slime layer envelopping the cell.
DR   GO; GO:0045231; P:slime layer organization.
//
ID   membrane lipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00939
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a
DE   biological membrane.
DR   GO; GO:0006643; P:membrane lipid metabolic process.
//
ID   signal transduction.
AC   UPA00943
CL   Pathway.
DE   Signal transduction refers to any process by which a cell converts one
DE   kind of signal or stimulus into another. Most processes of signal
DE   transduction involve ordered sequences of biochemical reactions inside
DE   the cell, which are carried out by enzymes, activated by second
DE   messengers, resulting in a signal transduction pathway.
DR   GO; GO:0007165; P:signal transduction.
//
ID   spore coat biogenesis.
AC   UPA00950
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biogenesis of spore coat, a complex multiprotein structure that plays
DE   an important role in spore germination and resistance to toxic
DE   chemicals. Other functions are assigned to the coat, from sensing the
DE   external environment through active enzymes present on its surface to
DE   protecting the spore from predation by phagocytic protozoans. In
DE   addition, the coat is a novel system for the display at the spore
DE   surface of heterologous antigens, enzymes, and bioactive molecules.
DR   GO; GO:0042244; P:spore wall assembly.
//
ID   phosphorus metabolism.
AC   UPA00959
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolic pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or
DE   compounds that contain phosphorus.[source: GO].
DR   GO; GO:0006793; P:phosphorus metabolic process.
//
ID   2-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation.
AC   UPA00002
CL   Pathway.
DE   This pathway provides a direct metabolic link between the deoxyribose
DE   moiety of nucleosides and central carbon metabolism, independent of
DE   the pentose phosphate cycle. Two enzymes provide this link: the
DE   phosphopentomutases (PPMs) and 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolases
DE   (DERAs). PPM isomerizes deoxyribose 1-phosphate to deoxyribose
DE   5-phosphate. Subsequently, DERA cleaves the pentose phosphate to
DE   acetaldehyde and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, allowing further
DE   metabolism to obtain carbon and energy. The deoxyribose 1-phosphate is
DE   supplied by various nucleoside phosphorylases, such as thymidine
DE   phosphorylase, uridine phosphorylase and purine nucleoside
DE   phosphorylase, which release the pentose moiety from
DE   (deoxy)ribonucleosides, producing (deoxy)ribose 1-phosphate. .
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   PubMed; 9226884.
DR   PubMed; 15205420.
DR   GO; GO:0046386; P:deoxyribose phosphate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00030; Pentose phosphate pathway.
//
ID   uridine metabolism.
AC   UPA00003
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of uridine, a pyrimidine derivative compound.
HI   UPA00313; pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046108; P:uridine metabolic process.
//
ID   thymidine metabolism.
AC   UPA00004
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of thymidine (deoxythymidine, deoxyribosylthymine, thymine
DE   deoxyriboside) a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside very widely distributed.
SY   5-methyluracil metabolism; thymine deoxyriboside metabolism;
SY   deoxyribosylthymine metabolism; deoxythymidine metabolism.
HI   UPA00313; pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046104; P:thymidine metabolic process.
//
ID   1,3-dichloropropene degradation.
AC   UPA00005
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 1,3-dichloropropene. 1,3-Dichloropropene is used in
DE   organic synthesis and as a soil fumigant, it is possibly carcinogenic
DE   to humans (Group 2B).
SY   1,3-dichloropropene catabolism.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
//
ID   1,2-dibromoethane degradation.
AC   UPA00006
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 1,2-dibromoethane. 1,2-dibromoethane is a manufactured
DE   chemical. It also occurs naturally in small amounts in the ocean where
DE   it is formed, probably by algae and kelp. Other names for
DE   1,2-dibromoethane are ethylene dibromide, EDB, and glycol bromide. It
DE   is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
//
ID   haloalkane degradation.
AC   UPA00007
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of haloalkane compounds, a group of chemical compounds,
DE   consisting of alkanes, such as methane or ethane, with one or more
DE   halogens linked, such as chlorine or fluorine, making them a type of
DE   organic halide.
SY   halogenoalkane degradation; halogenalkane degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
//
ID   atrazine degradation.
AC   UPA00008
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of atrazine
DE   (2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine), a
DE   chlorinated compound used throughout industry and agriculture.
DE   Degradation contaminates soils and persists until it is metabolized by
DE   microorganisms. A range of soil bacteria, including both Gram-negative
DE   and Gram-positive strains can degrade atrazine, utilizing it as a
DE   nitrogen and carbon source.
SY   2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0019381; P:atrazine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00791; Atrazine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba110>.
//
ID   anthocyanin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00009
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of anthocyanin compounds. Anthocyanins are water-soluble
DE   vacuolar flavonoid pigments that appear red to blue, according to pH.
DE   They are synthesized by organisms of the plant kingdom and bacteria.
DE   They have been observed to occur in all tissues of higher plants,
DE   providing color in leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruits.
HI   UPA00499; pigment biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009718; P:anthocyanin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   1,3-diaminopropane biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00010
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polyamine 1,3-diaminopropane (trimethylenediamine,
DE   1,3-propanediamine, DAP).
SY   propane-1,3-diamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   mycobactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00011
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mycobactins, a family of membrane-associated
DE   siderophores required for Mycobacterium genus to adapt to its
DE   intracellular habitat. Mycobactins contain a salicylic acid-derived
DE   moiety.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17240979.
DR   PubMed; 16461464.
DR   PubMed; 16923875.
//
ID   taurine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00012
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-
DE   containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.
DE   Taurine is a derivative of the sulphur-containing (sulfhydryl) amino
DE   acid cysteine. Taurine is abundant in the tissues of many animals
DE   (metazoa). It is also found in plants, fungi, and some bacterial
DE   species, but at lower levels.
SY   L-cysteine degradation via taurine pathway; 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00521; organosulfur biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10461879.
DR   GO; GO:0042412; P:taurine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00430; Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   bacillibactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00013
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of catecholic siderophore 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate-glycine-
DE   threonine trimeric ester bacillibactin.
SY   itoic acid (2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (DHB)-glycine) biosynthesis;
SY   corynebactin biosynthesis; 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate-glycine-threonine
SY   trimeric ester biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12221282.
DR   PubMed; 11112781.
DR   PubMed; 11790741.
//
ID   aerobactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00014
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of hydroxamate siderophore aerobactin.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15215626.
DR   PubMed; 2935523.
DR   GO; GO:0019270; P:aerobactin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   amonabactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00015
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of amonabactin a phenolate siderophore containing
DE   2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHB).
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 2522922.
DR   PubMed; 1830579.
//
ID   anguibactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00016
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of anguibactin siderophore.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15743971.
DR   PubMed; 8021209.
//
ID   enterobactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00017
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of siderophore enterobactin, a compound that transports
DE   iron from the bacterial environment into the cell cytoplasm. In
DE   Escherichia coli, the siderophore molecule enterobactin is synthesized
DE   in response to iron deprivation by formation of an amide bond between
DE   2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (2,3-DHB) and l-serine and formation of ester
DE   linkages between three such N-acylated serine residues.
SY   enterochelin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9485415.
DR   PubMed; 9214294.
DR   PubMed; 17675380.
DR   GO; GO:0009239; P:enterobactin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   ornibactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00018
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ornibactin, a linear hydroxamate/hydroxycarboxylate
DE   siderophore similar in structure to the pyoverdines.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11244059.
DR   PubMed; 16672617.
//
ID   pyoverdin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00019
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pyoverdin (fluorescein, psudobactin), a yellow-green
DE   fluorescent siderophore. It is similar in structure to ornibactin.
SY   fluorescein biosynthesis; pseudobactin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 7651323.
DR   PubMed; 8636031.
DR   PubMed; 12686626.
DR   GO; GO:0002049; P:pyoverdine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   rhizobactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00020
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of rhizobactin, an hydroxymate siderophore produced by
DE   Sinorhizobium meliloti.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15899411.
DR   PubMed; 11274118.
DR   GO; GO:0019289; P:rhizobactin 1021 biosynthetic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7bd0>.
//
ID   vulnibactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00021
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phenolate siderophore vulnibactin. Vulnibactin is
DE   produced by Vibrio vulnificus, a human pathogen. Vulnibactin is
DE   characterized as containing one residue of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid
DE   as well as two residues of salicylic acid, both of which are involved
DE   in the formation of oxazoline rings with L-threonine bound to a
DE   norspermidine backbone.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8148612.
//
ID   vibriobactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00022
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of peptide vibriobactin siderophore. Vibriobactin is
DE   produced by the pathogenic Vibrio cholerae. It is assembled by a four-
DE   subunit nonribosomal peptide synthetase complex, VibE, VibB, VibH, and
DE   VibF, using 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate and L-threonine as precursors to two
DE   2,3-dihydroxyphenyl- methyloxazolinyl groups in amide linkage on a
DE   norspermidine scaffold.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11160122.
DR   PubMed; 11112537.
DR   PubMed; 11524010.
DR   PubMed; 9371453.
DR   PubMed; 11112538.
DR   GO; GO:0019537; P:vibriobactin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   alcaligin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00023
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dihydroxamate siderophore alcaligin (Alc), a cyclic
DE   dimer of succinyl-N-hydroxy-C-hydroxy-putrescine. Alcaligin is
DE   produced by Bordetella bronchiseptica, a Gram- coccobacillus that
DE   causes upper respiratory tract illness in several mammalian
DE   hostsability to acquire Fe from the mammalian host is associated with
DE   virulence.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8550442.
DR   PubMed; 9473041.
DR   PubMed; 9266668.
DR   PubMed; 8759851.
//
ID   pseudomonine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00024
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pseudomonine siderophore. Pseudomonine is a
DE   isoxazolidone derivative produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11222588.
//
ID   salicylate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00025
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of siderophore salicylic acid.
SY   salicylic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11222588.
DR   GO; GO:0009697; P:salicylic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   (R)-pantothenate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00028
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of (R)-pantothenate, also called vitamin B5 or
DE   D-pantothenic acid. (R)-pantothenate results from the condensation of
DE   beta-alanine and D-pantoate. (R)-pantothenate is found in the
DE   4'-phosphopantetheine moieties of CoA (coenzyme A) and of the acyl
DE   carrier protein of lipid synthesis. Micro- organisms and plants must
DE   synthesize pantothenate, while animals obtain this essential nutriment
DE   from their diet. Pantothenate biosynthesis pathway offers targets for
DE   developping drugs against microbial pathogen.
SY   D-pantothenic acid biosynthesis; vitamin B5 biosynthesis; pantothenate
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12773157.
DR   PubMed; 14675432.
DR   PubMed; 16042590.
DR   GO; GO:0015940; P:pantothenate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00410; beta-Alanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00770; Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   staphyloxanthin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00029
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of staphyloxanthin. Staphyloxanthin is an orange
DE   membrane-bound carotenoid pigment produced by most Staphylococcus
DE   aureus strains. It is well known that carotenoids function as
DE   antioxidants, and it has been suggested that staphyloxanthin can
DE   protect Staphylococcus aureus against oxidative stress.
SY   alpha-D-glucopyranosyl 1-O-(4,4'-diaponeurosporen-4-oate)
SY   6-O-(12-methyltetradecanoate) biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16020541.
DR   KEGG; map00906; Carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00030
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS comprises three parts:
DE   i) polysaccharide (O) side chains (O-antigen); ii) core
DE   oligosaccharide; iii) lipid A. Lipid A contains unusual fatty acids
DE   (e.g. hydroxy-myristic acid) and is inserted into the outer membrane
DE   while the rest of the LPS projects from the surface. Core
DE   oligosaccharide contains unusual sugars (e.g. KDO, keto-
DE   deoxyoctulonate and heptulose). It contains two glucosamine sugar
DE   derivatives each containing three fatty acids with phosphate or
DE   pyrophosphate attached. The core polysaccharide is attached to lipid
DE   A, which is also in part responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative
DE   bacteria. The polysaccharide side chain is referred as the O-antigen
DE   of the bacteria. O side chain (O-antigen) is also a polysaccharide
DE   chain that extends from the core polysaccharide. LPS are major
DE   components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, contributing
DE   greatly to the structural integrity of the bacteria, and protecting
DE   the membrane from certain kinds of chemical attack. By increasing the
DE   negative charge of the cell wall LSP helps stabilize the overall
DE   membrane structure. LPS forms the amphipathic interface between Gram-
DE   negative bacteria and their environment and contributes protection
DE   against antibiotics and the complement system. The alternative name,
DE   endotoxin, is indicative of the capacity to cause septic shock by
DE   hyperstimulation of the immune system.
SY   LPS biosynthesis; endotoxin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; 12045108.
DR   PubMed; 11521077.
DR   PubMed; 16953973.
DR   GO; GO:0009103; P:lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   L-histidine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00031
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-histidine, (S)-alpha-Amino- 1H-imidazole-4-propionic
DE   acid, a weakly basic amino-acid in a nine- step pathway. Histidine
DE   biosynthetic pathway is present in microbes, fungi and plants.
DE   Histidine biosynthesis is unusual as a metabolic process utilizing the
DE   purine ring of ATP as a carbon and nitrogen source. Histidine
DE   biosynthesis pathway is connected to de novo purine biosynthesis
DE   pathway through imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase (IGPS) which
DE   catalyzes the fifth step and converts
DE   N-(5'-phosphoribulosys)-formimino-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide
DE   ribonucleotide (PRFAR) to imidazole glycerol phosphate (ImGP) and
DE   5'-(5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide) ribonucleotide (AICAR). AICAR is
DE   the entry point to the purine biosynthetic pathway.
SY   2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoate biosynthesis; 2-amino-3-(1H-
SY   imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid biosynthesis; (S)-alpha-Amino-1H-
SY   imidazole-4-propionic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8852895.
DR   PubMed; 9742729.
DR   PubMed; 16547652.
DR   PubMed; 17767732.
DR   GO; GO:0000105; P:histidine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00340; Histidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba410>.
//
ID   UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00032
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of UDP-beta-(4-deoxy-4-formamido-L-arabinose)
DE   (UDP-L-Ara4FN), a precursor of 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (L-Ara4N).
DE   This latter compound is covalently linked to lipid A moiety of some
DE   pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. This LPS modification is a strategy
DE   adopted by pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria to evade cationic
DE   antimicrobial peptides produced by the innate immune system.
SY   UDP-L-4-formamido-arabinose biosynthesis; UDP-
SY   beta-(4-deoxy-4-formamido-L-arabinose) biosynthesis; UDP-L-Ara4FN
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15809294.
DR   PubMed; 15695810.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
//
ID   L-lysine biosynthesis via AAA pathway.
AC   UPA00033
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-lysine through the alpha-amino adipic acid (AAA)
DE   pathway. It was first believed that this pathway was a specific
DE   character of fungi. In 1998, a gene cluster of a thermophilic
DE   bacterium (Thermus thermophilus) was shown to synthesize L-lysine
DE   through the AAA pathway. This pathway is present in hyperthermophilic
DE   archaea too (P. horikoshii and P. abyssi). Hence, this pathway is
DE   distributed among the three super-kingdoms as proposed by Woese and
DE   Fox in 1997 [PMID:270744].
SY   L-lysine biosynthesis via alpha aminoadipate pathway; L-lysine
SY   biosynthesis via L-2 aminoadipate pathway; L-lysine biosynthesis via
SY   aminoadipic pathway.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11029074.
DR   PubMed; 10613839.
DR   PubMed; 15522288.
DR   PubMed; 9868782.
DR   PubMed; 11489859.
DR   PubMed; 11238076.
DR   PubMed; 16232683.
DR   PubMed; 3928261.
DR   PubMed; 16943623.
DR   PubMed; 270744.
DR   GO; GO:0019878; P:lysine biosynthetic process via aminoadipic acid.
DR   KEGG; map00300; Lysine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00310; Lysine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba550>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba590>.
//
ID   L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
AC   UPA00034
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-lysine through the diaminopimelate (DAP) pathway.
DE   L-lysine is produced from aspartate through the diaminopimelate (DAP)
DE   pathway in most bacteria and higher plants. In bacteria, DAP is not
DE   only a direct precursor of lysine, but it is also an important
DE   constituent of the cell wall peptidoglycan. The DAP pathway is of
DE   special interest for pharmacology, since the absence of DAP in
DE   mammalian cells allows for the use of the DAP biosynthetic genes as a
DE   bacteria-specific drug target.
SY   L-lysine biosynthesis via diaminopimelate pathway; L-lysine
SY   biosynthesis from aspartate.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17579770.
DR   PubMed; 12948639.
DR   PubMed; 9559056.
DR   GO; GO:0009089; P:lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00300; Lysine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba2d0>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba310>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba350>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba390>.
//
ID   L-tryptophan biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00035
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the aromatic amino-acid L-tryptophan (Trp) from
DE   chorismate. This pathway is present in bacteria, fungi and plants.
DE   L-tryptophan is needed to synthesize proteins and, as a precursor, to
DE   nicotinic acid (niacin), serotonin and melatonin.
SY   2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid biosynthesis; (S)-alpha-amino-
SY   beta-(3-indolyl)-propionic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 2679363.
DR   PubMed; 16794934.
DR   PubMed; 6822478.
DR   PubMed; 7556082.
DR   PubMed; 7890741.
DR   PubMed; 11806827.
DR   PubMed; 7773017.
DR   PubMed; 881418.
DR   GO; GO:0000162; P:tryptophan biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00402; Benzoxazinoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00471; D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bacd0>.
//
ID   4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00036
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of undecaprenyl
DE   phosphate-4-deoxy-4-formamido-L-arabinose, a precursor of
DE   4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (L-Ara4N). This latter compound is
DE   covalently linked to lipid A moiety of some pathogenic Gram-negative
DE   bacteria.
SY   undecaprenyl phosphate-4-deoxy-4-formamido-L-arabinose biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00506; glycolipid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15695810.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
//
ID   4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinose-lipid A biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00037
CL   Pathway.
DE   Modification of the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide by the
DE   addition of the sugar 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (L-Ara4N) is a
DE   strategy adopted by pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria to evade
DE   cationic antimicrobial peptides produced by the innate immune system.
HI   UPA00451; lipopolysaccharide metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 19166326.
DR   PubMed; 17928292.
DR   PubMed; 11535604.
//
ID   UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00038
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA), a precursor of
DE   glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan synthesis. UDP-GlcUA is also a
DE   precursor of ascorbic acid.
SY   UDP-glucuronate biosynthesis; UDP-GlcUA biosynthesis; UDP-glucuronic
SY   acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006065; P:UDP-glucuronate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00500; Starch and sucrose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   acetoin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00039
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone). Acetoin is a component
DE   of the butanediol cycle (butanediol fermentation) in microorganisms.
SY   3-hydroxy-2-butanone biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00409; ketone biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045151; P:acetoin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   acetoin degradation.
AC   UPA00040
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone). Acetoin is a component
DE   of the butanediol cycle (butanediol fermentation) in microorganisms.
SY   3-hydroxy-2-butanone degradation.
HI   UPA00410; ketone degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0045150; P:acetoin catabolic process.
//
ID   D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00041
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 5-phosphate. This
DE   carbohydrate is widely present in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of most
DE   Gram-negative bacteria. D-glycero-D-manno-heptose and its derivatives
DE   are sometimes also found in capsules and O antigen as well as in the
DE   glycan moieties of bacterial cell surface (S-layer) glycoproteins.
DE   D-glycero-D-manno-heptose are found in different anomeric
DE   configuration (alpha and beta).
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12101286.
DR   PubMed; 11279237.
//
ID   D-alanine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00042
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of D-alanine. D-alanine is used either as an energy
DE   source or as a component of bacterial cell wall, where it is directly
DE   involved in the cross-linking of adjacent peptidoglycan chains. In
DE   Gram-positive bacteria, D-alanine can also be found to variable
DE   extents in cell wall teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid residues.
SY   D-2-aminopropionic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0030632; P:D-alanine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00473; D-Alanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d10>.
//
ID   D-alanine degradation.
AC   UPA00043
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-alanine, the dextrorotatory isomer of the amino-acid
DE   alanine.
SY   D-2-aminopropionic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f90>.
//
ID   L-threonine degradation via aldolase pathway.
AC   UPA00044
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-threonine via aldolase pathway. L-threonine aldolase
DE   is a low-specificity enzyme which cleaves threonine directly into
DE   glycine and acetaldehyde .
SY   2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid degradation via aldolase pathway.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba090>.
//
ID   nitrogen metabolism.
AC   UPA00045
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and physical changes involving various organic
DE   and inorganic nitrogenous compounds; includes nitrogen fixation,
DE   nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate
DE   reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and
DE   ammonium.
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006807; P:nitrogen compound metabolic process.
//
ID   L-threonine degradation via oxydo-reductase pathway.
AC   UPA00046
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-threonine via oxydo-reductase pathway. This pathway
DE   involves threonine dehydrogenase (TDH) and 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate CoA
DE   ligase (KBL). In the absence of KBL, 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate is
DE   spontaneously converted to aminoacetone.
SY   2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid degradation via oxydo-reductase pathway.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7cd0>.
//
ID   L-isoleucine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00047
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic
DE   acid, an hydrophobic branched- chain amino-acid. In most
DE   microorganisms, isoleucine is synthesized from aspartate via threonine
DE   [Umbarger, H. E. 1978. Amino-acid biosynthesis and its regulation.
DE   Annu. Rev. Biochem. 47:533-606]. However, alternative routes to
DE   isoleucine from precursors other than threonine have been reported.
DE   Some anaerobes can assimilate 2-methylbutyrate into isoleucine. The
DE   most commonly observed alternative route was a route from pyruvate and
DE   acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) via citramalate. This 'pyruvate
DE   pathway' was initially proposed for the genus Leptospira because
DE   isotope-labeling experiments indicated that in some leptospiral
DE   strains, {alpha}-ketobutyrate was derived from pyruvate rather than
DE   threonine. Only a limited number of leptospires possess catabolic
DE   threonine dehydratase. Later, a similar observation was made with a
DE   thermophilic archaeon, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum,
DE   suggesting that isoleucine biosynthesis involves pyruvate as a
DE   precursor. Recently, (R)-citramalate synthase (EC 4.1.3.-) activity
DE   was demonstrated in the thermophilic archaeon Methanococcus
DE   jannaschii.
SY   (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15292141.
DR   PubMed; 9864346.
DR   GO; GO:0009097; P:isoleucine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00290; Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00660; C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00966; Glucosinolate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba290>.
//
ID   L-leucine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00048
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, an
DE   hydrophobic branched-chain amino- acid.
SY   2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16118664.
DR   PubMed; 12626680.
DR   GO; GO:0009098; P:leucine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00290; Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00966; Glucosinolate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba310>.
//
ID   L-valine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00049
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid, an
DE   hydrophobic branched-chain amino- acid.
SY   2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009099; P:valine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00010; Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis.
DR   KEGG; map00020; Citrate cycle (TCA cycle).
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00290; Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00770; Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00966; Glucosinolate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba350>.
//
ID   L-threonine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00050
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar,
DE   uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
SY   2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009088; P:threonine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00300; Lysine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba2d0>.
//
ID   L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
AC   UPA00051
CL   Pathway.
DE   Sulfur-containing amino-acid L-methionine
DE   (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) is synthesized de novo by most
DE   microorganisms and plants after the initial steps of inorganic sulfate
DE   assimilation and synthesis of cysteine or homocysteine. There are two
DE   alternative pathways of methionine synthesis in microorganisms. The
DE   enterobacterial type trans-sulfuration pathway involves cystathionine
DE   as an intermediate and utilizes cysteine as the sulfur source. In
DE   contrast, the direct sulfhydrylation pathway found in yeast
DE   (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), spirochete (Leptospira meyeri) and
DE   actinomycetes (Corynebacterium glutamicum) bypasses cystathionine and
DE   uses inorganic sulfur instead. Although yeast, fungi and higher plants
DE   have both transsulfuration and direct sulfhydrylation pathways, only
DE   the bacteria C. glutamicum, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, P. putida and
DE   L. meyeri have been shown to have both pathways. Methionine
DE   biosynthesis is a central pathway, as it controls a large number of
DE   cellular processes such as translation of mRNA into proteins (not only
DE   as a substrate for protein elongation but also as the initiator of
DE   protein synthesis) and transmethylation reactions via the formation of
DE   S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) (cf activated methyl cycle pathway).
SY   2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10469143.
DR   PubMed; 12845493.
DR   PubMed; 15215334.
DR   PubMed; 12951250.
DR   PubMed; 12948640.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00300; Lysine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00670; One carbon pool by folate.
DR   KEGG; map00920; Sulfur metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba510>.
//
ID   L-threonine degradation via propanoate pathway.
AC   UPA00052
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-threonine via propanoate pathway. L-threonine can be
DE   catabolized non-oxidatively to propionate via 2-ketobutyrate.
SY   2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid degradation via propanoate pathway.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16139298.
DR   PubMed; 9484901.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00290; Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00640; Propanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba190>.
//
ID   chorismate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00053
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of chorismate, a precursor of aromatic amino-acids
DE   (tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine). The biosynthesis of
DE   chorismate occurs only in plants and bacterial, not in animals.
SY   shikimate pathway.
HI   UPA00415; metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15215334.
DR   PubMed; 12951250.
DR   PubMed; 12948640.
DR   GO; GO:0009423; P:chorismate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   daunorubicin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00054
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of daunorubicin, a potent antitumor anthracycline
DE   antibiotics produced by Streptomyces peucetius.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15273252.
DR   PubMed; 7601857.
//
ID   CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00055
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose (CDP-tyvelose), a
DE   3,6-dideoxy nucleotide sugar. CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose is a cell wall
DE   lipopolysaccharide O-antigen component of some Gram-negative bacteria.
SY   CDP-tyvelose biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00500; Starch and sucrose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis via DXP pathway.
AC   UPA00056
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of isopentenyl-PP via deoxy xylulose phosphate (DXP)
DE   pathway. This pathway is essential in eubacteria (including
DE   Escherichia coli), the malaria parasite, and plants, but is absent in
DE   mammals. Therefore, the pathway enzymes are promising targets for the
DE   development of novel herbicides and antimicrobials that are
DE   potentially innocuous for humans.
SY   isopentenyl-PP biosynthesis via DXP pathway; IDP biosynthesis via DXP
SY   pathway; MEP pathway; isopentenyl-PP biosynthesis via mevalonate-
SY   independent pathway; isopentenyl-PP biosynthesis via deoxy xylulose
SY   phosphate pathway; methylerythritol phosphate pathway; isopentenyl-PP
SY   biosynthesis via non mevalonate pathway; Rohmer pathway; IPP
SY   biosynthesis via DXP pathway.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11752431.
DR   PubMed; 11578926.
DR   PubMed; 10698701.
DR   GO; GO:0019288; P:isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process,
DR   mevalonate-independent pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01062; Biosynthesis of terpenoids and steroids.
DR   KEGG; map01066; Biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from terpenoid and
DR   polyketide.
DR   KEGG; map01070; Biosynthesis of plant hormones.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba2d0>.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis via mevalonate pathway.
AC   UPA00057
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of isopentenyl-PP (isopentenyl diphosphate, IDP, IPP) via
DE   mevalonic acid pathway. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of
DE   acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl-PP, the fundamental unit in isoprenoid
DE   biosynthesis, through a series of mevalonate intermediates.
SY   isopentenyl-PP biosynthesis via mevalonate pathway; IPP biosynthesis
SY   via mevalonate pathway; MVA pathway; IDP biosynthesis via mevalonate
SY   pathway; mevalonate pathway.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019287; P:isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process,
DR   mevalonate pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   (R)-mevalonate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00058
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mevalonic acid, a six-carbon metabolic intermediate.
DE   In eukaryotes, it arises from linkage of two acetyl-CoAs in the
DE   mitochondrion to form acetaoacetyl-CoA (4 carbons), followed by
DE   addition of another acetyl group from a third acetyl-CoA to give
DE   3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). This latter compound is
DE   reduced by HMG-CoA reductase in the endoplasmic reticulum, using two
DE   NADPHs, with coincident loss of CoASH. HMG-CoA reductase is the most
DE   important regulatory enzyme for the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway
DE   and other isoprenoids/terpenoids. HMG-CoA reductase is a target for
DE   drugs that attempt to lower cholesterol levels in the body. One such
DE   drug is lovastatin, which inhibits the enzyme and stops endogenous
DE   synthesis of cholesterol.
SY   mevalonic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00415; metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00071; Fatty acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00072; Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00310; Lysine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00362; Benzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00380; Tryptophan metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00640; Propanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00720; Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   dimethylallyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00059
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dimethylallyl-PP (DMAPP). DMAPP results from the
DE   1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl-PP
DE   (IPP).
SY   DMP biosynthesis; dimethylallyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis;
SY   isopentenyl-PP conversion to dimethylallyl-PP; DMAPP biosynthesis;
SY   dimethylallyl-PP biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0050992; P:dimethylallyl diphosphate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00060
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of thiamin pyrophosphate (THI-PP, TPP), the active form
DE   of thiamine cofactor (vitamin B1). It has essential functions, for
DE   example in carbohydrate and branched-chain amino-acid metabolism. All
DE   organisms able to to produce THI-PP initially assemble THI-P by
DE   coupling 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine and
DE   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole. THI-P is then converted to TPP.
DE   The two heterocyclic precursors of thiamine pyrophosphate are
DE   synthesized through independant pathways. WARNING: the DXP_MHETP_BIOS
DE   sub-pathway is temporary. It will be refined as soon as knowledge will
DE   be available.
SY   thiamine-PP (THI-PP)(TPP) biosynthesis; thiamin diphosphate
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009229; P:thiamine diphosphate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00730; Thiamine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   alpha-ribazole biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00061
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of alpha-ribazole, the benzimidazole nucleoside in
DE   adenosyl cobalamin (vitamin B12).
SY   N1-(alpha-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole biosynthesis;
SY   dimethylbenzimidazole nucleoside biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00425; nucleoside biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00860; Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   steroid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00062
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of steroid compounds. A steroid
DE   is a terpenoid lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton with four
DE   fused rings, generally arranged in a 6-6-6-5 fashion. Steroids vary by
DE   the functional groups attached to these rings and the oxidation state
DE   of the rings. Hundreds of distinct steroids are found in plants,
DE   animals, and fungi. All steroids are made in cells either from the
DE   sterol lanosterol (animals and fungi) or the sterol cycloartenol
DE   (plants). Both sterols are derived from the cyclization of the
DE   triterpene squalene.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006694; P:steroid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   cholesterol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00063
CL   Pathway.
DE   Cholesterol biosynthesis springs from a six-carbon intermediate called
DE   mevalonate. Cholesterol is found in all eukaryotic cells. Its primary
DE   function is to regulate membrane fluidity by altering the packing
DE   density of the polar membrane lipids. It is also a precursor of
DE   several hormones. Its synthesis from acetyl CoA can be separated into
DE   5 stages, all occuring in the cytosol: - mevalonate biosynthesis, -
DE   phosphorylation and decarboxylation of mevalonate: isopentenyl-PP
DE   biosynthesis and conversion to dimethylallyl-PP - squalene
DE   biosynthesis - conversion of squalene to 7-dehydrocholesterol -
DE   cholesterol biosynthesis: cholesterol from 7-dehydrocholesterol
DE   Cholesterol is used in the body as a precursor of many other important
DE   molecules: bile acids (salts), sex steroid hormones (testosterone,
DE   estrogen), adrenal steroid hormones (cortisol, aldosterone, vitamin
DE   D).
HI   UPA00062; steroid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006695; P:cholesterol biosynthetic process.
//
ID   1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00064
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of D-1-deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate, a common precursor for
DE   isoprenoid, thiamin, and pyridoxol biosynthesis.
SY   DXP biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00415; metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00065
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (H4MPT), a cofactor in
DE   methanogenesis. H4MPT is the carrier of the C1 group as it is reduced
DE   to the methyl level, before transferring to the coenzyme M.
SY   H4MPT biosynthesis; methanopterin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8639495.
DR   PubMed; 15262968.
//
ID   streptomycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00066
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of streptomycin, an antibiotic produced by soil bacteria
DE   of the genus Streptomyces. Streptomycin is active against both gram-
DE   positive and gram-negative bacteria. Originally isolated by Selman A.
DE   Waksman and Albert Schatz in 1947, streptomycin is effective against
DE   tubercle bacilli and is a mainstay of tuberculosis therapy.
DE   Streptomycin acts by inhibiting protein synthesis and damaging cell
DE   membranes in susceptible microorganisms.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019872; P:streptomycin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   ectoine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00067
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidine
DE   carboxylic acid), an excellent osmoprotectant. Since Galinski et al.
DE   (PMID:3838936) discovered ectoine as a compatible solute in
DE   Ectothiorhodospira halochloris, an extremely halophilic phototrophic
DE   eubacterium, it has been found to be distributed widely in nature,
DE   largely in moderately halophilic eubacteria. The biosynthetic pathway
DE   of ectoine from aspartic b-semialdehyde (ASA) was first elucidated in
DE   Halomonas elongata by purification and characterization of each enzyme
DE   involved.
SY   1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16802203.
DR   PubMed; 15455210.
DR   PubMed; 3838936.
DR   PubMed; 16579460.
DR   GO; GO:0019491; P:ectoine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bc190>.
//
ID   L-arginine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00068
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-arginine, an amino-acid constituent of proteins and
DE   precursor of polyamines.
SY   2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid biosynthesis;
SY   (S)-2-amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid biosynthesis;
SY   2-amino-5-(diaminomethylidene amino)pentanoic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16432742.
DR   PubMed; 3534538.
DR   PubMed; 11489859.
DR   PubMed; 16585758.
DR   GO; GO:0006526; P:arginine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bc5d0>.
//
ID   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrosarcinapterin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00069
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrosarcinapterin (H4SPT), a modified
DE   form of H4MPT (5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin), wherein a glutamyl
DE   group linked to the 2-hydroxyglutaric acid terminus. .
SY   H4SPT biosynthesis; sarcinapterin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
//
ID   UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
AC   UPA00070
CL   Pathway.
DE   De novo biosynthesis of UMP (uridine monophosphate).
SY   de novo uridine monophosphate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   coenzyme F420 biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00071
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of coenzyme F420, an important cofactor involved in
DE   hydride transfer reactions in methanogenic archaea as well as
DE   methanotrophic and other bacteria. Although coenzyme F420 contains a
DE   deazaflavin moiety, it is biochemically analogous to the nicotinamide
DE   cofactors. Coenzyme F420 is involved in a variety of biochemical
DE   transformations, including methanogenesis, DNA photorepair, and
DE   degradation of nitrophenols and nitroimidazofurans, and in the
DE   biosynthesis of several secondary metabolites [PMID:16585745]. F420 is
DE   named for its intense fluorescence upon excitation with 420 nm light,
DE   the oxidized coenzyme F420 (N-(N -l-lactyl-gamma-glutamyl)-l-glutamic
DE   acid phosphodiester of 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin) was
DE   first discovered in mycobacteria (Cousins 1960) and later purified for
DE   structural identification from the methane-producing microorganism
DE   Methanobacterium sp. strain M.o.H. (Cheeseman et al. 1972; Eirich et
DE   al. 1978). Since these original studies, F420 has been found in
DE   numerous actinomycetes and in all methanogens (Isabelle et al. 2002).
DE   [PMID:14593448].
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16585745.
DR   PubMed; 14593448.
//
ID   coenzyme F0 biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00072
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of coenzyme F0
DE   (7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin), a biosynthetic precursor
DE   of coenzyme F420. Most cyanobacteria and halophilic archaea produce a
DE   DNA photolyase enzyme that uses F0 as a coenzyme.
SY   7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 14593448.
//
ID   L-arginine degradation.
AC   UPA00073
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-arginine, an energy-rich amino-acid that can supply
DE   nitrogen, carbon and energy to various bacteria in a variety of
DE   environment. L-arginine can be catabolized by a large number of routes
DE   including the arginase pathway, the arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway,
DE   the arginine succinyl transferase (AST) pathway, the arginine
DE   decarboxylase (ADC), transaminase, oxidase and oxygenase pathways.
DE   These pathways often have distinctive functions.
SY   2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid degradation;
SY   (S)-2-amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid degradation;
SY   2-amino-5-(diaminomethylidene amino)pentanoic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006527; P:arginine catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7ed0>.
//
ID   IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
AC   UPA00074
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of purine nucleotide IMP
DE   (inosine 5'phosphate).
SY   de novo purine biosynthesis; inosine monophosphate biosynthesis via de
SY   novo pathway; inosine 5'-phosphate biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006189; P:'de novo' IMP biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00340; Histidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00670; One carbon pool by folate.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   AMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
AC   UPA00075
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation of AMP (adenosine monophosphate) from IMP (inosine
DE   monophosphate).
SY   adenosine monophosphate biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   myo-inositol degradation into acetyl-CoA.
AC   UPA00076
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of myo-inositol, an abundant compound in soil. Myo-
DE   Inositol is also common and essential in plants. Several micro-
DE   organisms, including model organism Bacillus subtilis (PMID:9226270),
DE   can grow on inositol as the carbon source. It was thought that
DE   bacterial inositol catabolism is only required for efficient
DE   utilization of this compound. However, the inositol dehydrogenase of
DE   Sinorhizobium fredii not only catalyses the initial reaction step of
DE   inositol catabolism but also is involved in nitrogen fixation and
DE   competitiveness to nodulate soybeans (PMID:11274120). Furthermore,
DE   MocA and MocC of Sinorhizobium meliloti which participate in
DE   degradation of rhizopine (L-3-O-methyl-scyllo-inosamine), a symbiosis-
DE   specific compound found in alfalfa nodules, exhibited significant
DE   similarities to IolG and IolE involved in inositol catabolism of B.
DE   subtilis, respectively (PMID:9226270), and the inositol catabolism
DE   pathway was tightly linked with rhizopine utilization in S. meliloti
DE   (PMID:9802033). These facts implied an interesting relationship
DE   between bacterial inositol catabolism and plant/bacteria symbiosis for
DE   nitrogen fixation.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9226270.
DR   PubMed; 17449687.
DR   PubMed; 14993306.
DR   PubMed; 11274120.
DR   PubMed; 4351258.
DR   PubMed; 9802033.
DR   KEGG; map00521; Streptomycin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00562; Inositol phosphate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00077
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid (tetrahydrofolate, THF), the
DE   active form of folic acid (vitamin B9). Folic acid is an essential
DE   vitamin (B9), which plays a key role in the methylation cycle and in
DE   DNA biosynthesis. The folic acid derivatives are made up of a pterdine
DE   ring attached to a p-aminobenzoate and a polyglutamyl chain.
DE   Tetrahydrofolic acid have C1 units enzymically attached. These C1
DE   units (as a formyl group) are passed on to enzymes in the purine
DE   pathway that insert the C-2 and C-8 into the purine ring. A methylene
DE   group (-CH2-) attached to tetrahydrofolate is used to convert the
DE   uracil-type pyrimidine base found in RNA into the thymine base found
DE   in DNA. A further folate cofactor, i.e. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, is
DE   involved in the remethylation of the homocysteine produced in the
DE   methylation cycle back to methionine. After activation to
DE   S-adenosylmethionine this acts as a methyl donor for the dozens of
DE   different methyltransferases present in all cells. Folate deficiency
DE   results in reduction of purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis and
DE   consequently DNA biosynthesis and cell division. Folate deficiency
DE   receives increasing attention due to its relation to cardiovascular
DE   disease and different forms of dementia. The folate pathway represents
DE   a powerful target for combating rapidly dividing systems such as
DE   cancer cells, bacteria and malaria parasites.
SY   THF biosynthesis; folate biosynthesis; tetrahydrofolic acid
SY   biosynthesis; pteroylglutamic acid biosynthesis; folic acid
SY   biosynthesis; vitamin B9 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17645794.
DR   GO; GO:0046654; P:tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00471; D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00670; One carbon pool by folate.
DR   KEGG; map00790; Folate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   biotin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00078
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of biotin, a B-group vitamin. Biotin has essential
DE   metabolic functions as the CO2-carrying prosthetic group of selected
DE   carboxylases, decarboxylases and transcarboxylases. De novo
DE   biosynthesis pathway involved the conversion of pimeloyl-CoA (i.e 6
DE   -carboxyhexanoyl-CoA) to biotin.
SY   vitamin H biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12527210.
DR   GO; GO:0009102; P:biotin biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00780; Biotin metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   menaquinone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00079
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of menaquinone (vitamine K2), a lipid-soluble molecule
DE   that belongs to the naphto-quinone family.
SY   vitamin K2 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009234; P:menaquinone biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00130; Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01053; Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal
DR   peptides.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   methanofuran biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00080
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methanofuran, the first coenzyme in the methanogenic
DE   pathway used by the archaeon Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, as well as
DE   other methanogens, to reduce CO2 to methane.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15715981.
//
ID   D-galactonate degradation.
AC   UPA00081
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-galactonic acid.
SY   D-galactonic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 7287628.
DR   PubMed; 6194665.
DR   GO; GO:0034194; P:D-galactonate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00052; Galactose metabolism.
//
ID   naphthalene degradation.
AC   UPA00082
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of naphtalene, an aromatic compound composed of two fused
DE   benzene rings.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
//
ID   3-chlorocatechol degradation.
AC   UPA00083
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 3-chlorocatechol compound. This pathway serves a vital
DE   role in the biodegradation of toxic aromatic compounds introduced in
DE   the environment both as natural products and as industrial effluent.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
//
ID   phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00084
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phosphatidylglycerol, a multifunctional phospholipid,
DE   found in the biological membranes of many organisms.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006655; P:phosphatidylglycerol biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00564; Glycerophospholipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d10>.
//
ID   phospholipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00085
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a
DE   mono- or diester.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006644; P:phospholipid metabolic process.
//
ID   alpha-glycerophosphate cycle.
AC   UPA00086
CL   Pathway.
DE   The alpha-glycerophosphate cycle is essential for the production of
DE   energy for flight in insects.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 3147213.
DR   GO; GO:0006650; P:glycerophospholipid metabolic process.
//
ID   5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00087
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis
DE   (PRPP). PRPP may be synthesized from ribose 5-phosphate by PRPP
DE   synthase or, alternately, by the the enzymes phosphopentomutase,
DE   ribose 1-phosphokinase (putative), and ribose 1,5-bisphosphokinase
DE   [PMID:12700258]. Under conditions when xanthosine phosphorylase is
DE   produced, the enzyme can supply ribose 1-phosphate to this second
DE   pathway.
SY   PRPP biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00415; metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12700258.
DR   KEGG; map00030; Pentose phosphate pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00088
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (protocatechuate). This pathway
DE   allows use of quinate as a carbon source by its conversion to
DE   protocatechuate and subsequent metabolism by the beta-ketoadipate
DE   pathway. Quinate is an abundant plant product.
SY   protocatechuate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15691962.
DR   PubMed; 7592351.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00089
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotide derivatives. compounds.
HI   UPA00424; nucleotide biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009263; P:deoxyribonucleotide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   abscisate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00090
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), a sesquiterpenoid (15-carbon)
DE   plant hormon. Abscisic acid is partially produced via the mevalonic
DE   pathway in chloroplasts and other plastids. Because it is synthesized
DE   partially in the chloroplasts, it makes sense that biosynthesis
DE   primarily occurs in the leaves. The production of ABA is accentuated
DE   by stresses such as water loss and freezing temperatures. .
SY   ABA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00438; plant hormone biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009688; P:abscisic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   photosynthesis.
AC   UPA00091
CL   Pathway.
DE   Photosynthesis is a biochemical process in which plants, algae, and
DE   some bacteria harness the energy of light to produce simple nutrient
DE   molecules, such as glucose. During photosynthesis, simple sugars are
DE   produced by combining carbon dioxide and water using light (sunlight)
DE   as an energy source and producing oxygen as a by-product. Notice that
DE   some forms of photosynthesis do not release oxygen. The synthesis by
DE   organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates,
DE   from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than
DE   from the oxidation of chemical compounds. [source: GO] The
DE   carboxylation process is generally known as CO2 fixation (carbon
DE   fixation), and the oxygenation process is known as photorespiration. .
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0015979; P:photosynthesis.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7fd0>.
//
ID   electron transfer.
AC   UPA00092
CL   Pathway.
DE   A process whereby a series of electron carriers operate together to
DE   transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of
DE   several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a
DE   transmembrane electrochemical gradient. [GO].
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0022904; P:respiratory electron transport chain.
//
ID   abscisic acid degradation.
AC   UPA00093
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of plant hormone abscisic acid.
SY   ABA degradation.
HI   UPA00439; plant hormone degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0046345; P:abscisic acid catabolic process.
//
ID   fatty acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00094
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of fatty acids. Fatty acids are formed by the action of
DE   Fatty acid synthases from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006633; P:fatty acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   oleic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00095
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of oleic acids, a group of fatty acids that contain 18
DE   carbon atoms and a double bond at the omega 9 carbon.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   sulfur metabolism.
AC   UPA00096
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of compound containing sulfur.
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006790; P:sulfur compound metabolic process.
//
ID   sulfate assimilation.
AC   UPA00097
CL   Pathway.
DE   The sulfate assimilation pathway leads to the biosynthesis of cysteine
DE   and methionine, and to the sulfation of proteins, carbohydrates,
DE   lipids, drugs and xenobiotics.
HI   UPA00096; sulfur metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0000103; P:sulfate assimilation.
//
ID   L-proline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00098
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid)
DE   biosynthesis, a chiral, cyclic amino-acid.
SY   pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid biosynthesis; 2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic
SY   acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16337196.
DR   PubMed; 14602584.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd0d0>.
//
ID   phenazine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00099
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phenazine, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic molecule
DE   having important roles in virulence, competition and biological
DE   control.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0002047; P:phenazine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   bacilysin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00100
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bacilysin
DE   (L-alanyl-(2.3-epoxycyclohexanone-4)-L-alanine). This dipeptide is one
DE   of the simplest peptide antibiotics known. It displays activity
DE   against some bacteria and fungi (Kenig and Abraham 1976; Tschen 1990).
DE   Its proposed amino-acid ligase mode of biosynthesis might offer
DE   strategies to engineer new derivatives with improved properties.
DE   Bacilysin contains an L-alanine residue at the N terminus and a non-
DE   proteinogenic amino acid, Lanticapsin, at the C terminus (Walker and
DE   Abraham 1970). Its antibiotic activity depends on the anticapsin
DE   moiety, which becomes released by peptidases (Kenig et al. 1976;
DE   Chmara et al. 1982) after bacilysin uptake into susceptible cells by a
DE   distinct peptide permease system (Perry and Abraham 1979; Chmara et
DE   al. 1981). The intracellular anticapsin then blocks the glucosamine
DE   synthetase, and hence, bacterial peptidoglycan or fungal mannoprotein
DE   biosynthesis. This leads to cell protoplasting and lysis (Whitnney and
DE   Funderburk 1970; Kenig et al. 1976; Chmara et al. 1982; Chmara 1985;
DE   Milewski 1993).
SY   L-alanyl-(2.3-epoxycyclohexanone-4)-L-alanine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15609023.
//
ID   candicidin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00101
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of candicidin, an aromatic polyene (heptaene) antibiotic
DE   produced by Streptomyces griseus IMRU 3570. Polyene macrolides are a
DE   group of polyketides with lactone rings of 20-44 members. Candicidin
DE   was first described by Lechevalier et al. (1953) and named antibiotic
DE   C135, although it was renamed candicidin because of its strong
DE   activity against species of Candida.
SY   C135 biosynthesis; candicidin D biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11782498.
DR   PubMed; 12664141.
//
ID   gramicidin S biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00102
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of gramicidin S antibiotic. The linear pentadecapeptide
DE   gramicidin has been reported to be assembled by four large
DE   multimodular nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), LgrABCD, that
DE   comprise 16 modules. During biosynthesis, the N-formylated 16mer
DE   peptide is bound to the peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) of the terminal
DE   module via a thioester bond to the carboxyl group of the last amino-
DE   acid glycine(16). In a first reaction the peptide is released from the
DE   protein template in an NAD(P)H-dependent reduction step catalyzed by
DE   the adjacent reductase forming an aldehyde intermediate. This aldehyde
DE   intermediate is further reduced by an aldoreductase, LgrE, in an
DE   NADPH-dependent manner to form the final product gramicidin A, N
DE   -formyl-pentadecapeptide-ethanolamine. .
SY   gramicidin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15938641.
//
ID   L-sorbose degradation.
AC   UPA00103
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of the monosaccharide L-sorbose.
SY   L-sorbose utilization; L-xylo-hexulose degradation.
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16134116.
DR   GO; GO:0042850; P:L-sorbose catabolic process.
//
ID   creatine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00104
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of creatine, a nitrogenous organic acid. Creatine (Cr) is
DE   synthesized by a two-step mechanism involving arginine:glycine
DE   amidinotransferase (AGAT) and guanidinoacetate methyltransferase
DE   (GAMT), and is taken up by cells through a specific Cr transporter,
DE   CT1 [PMID:15918910].
SY   methylglycocyamine biosynthesis; 2-(carbamimidoyl-methyl-amino)acetic
SY   acid biosynthesis; N-amidinosarcosine biosynthesis;
SY   methylguanidinoacetic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15918910.
DR   PubMed; 11165387.
DR   GO; GO:0006601; P:creatine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   nicotine degradation.
AC   UPA00106
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of nicotine, the primary alkaloid found in tobacco plants.
HI   UPA00447; alkaloid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 7815950.
DR   PubMed; 16333621.
DR   GO; GO:0019608; P:nicotine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00760; Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   nicotine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00107
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of nicotine, the primary alkaloid found in tobacco
DE   plants.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042179; P:nicotine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   glycolysis.
AC   UPA00109
CL   Pathway.
DE   Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway found in all organisms. This pathway
DE   results in the anaerobic enzymatic conversion of D-glucose to
DE   pyruvate, resulting in energy stored in the form of adenosine
DE   triphosphate (ATP).
SY   D-glucose degradation into pyruvate.
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   PubMed; 14993306.
DR   GO; GO:0006096; P:glycolysis.
DR   KEGG; map00010; Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis.
DR   KEGG; map00051; Fructose and mannose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00521; Streptomycin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00524; Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00562; Inositol phosphate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00710; Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   cocaine degradation.
AC   UPA00110
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of the alkaloid cocaine.
HI   UPA00447; alkaloid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0050784; P:cocaine catabolic process.
//
ID   myo-inositol degradation into D-glucuronate.
AC   UPA00111
CL   Pathway.
DE   Irreversible degradation of myo-inositol into D-glucuronic acid.
SY   myo-inositol degradation into D-glucuronic acid; inositol oxygenation
SY   pathway.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 16634621.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00562; Inositol phosphate metabolism.
//
ID   clavulanate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00112
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of clavulanic acid, a beta-lactam, structurally related
DE   to the penicillins, that possesses the ability to inactivate a wide
DE   range of beta-lactamase enzymes commonly found in microorganisms
DE   resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins. The name clavulanic acid
DE   is derived from the Streptomyces clavuligerus microorganisms from
DE   which clavulanic acid is derived. Clavulanic acid is biosynthetically
DE   generated from the amino-acid L-arginine and from pyruvate.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10422585.
DR   PubMed; 11988517.
DR   PubMed; 16251194.
DR   GO; GO:0033050; P:clavulanic acid biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00331; Clavulanic acid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00113
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006048; P:UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   xylan degradation.
AC   UPA00114
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of xylan, a polymer of xylose residues.
HI   UPA00442; glycan degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0045493; P:xylan catabolic process.
//
ID   pentose phosphate pathway.
AC   UPA00115
CL   Pathway.
DE   The pentose phosphate pathway is part of central metabolism. This
DE   pathway provides a means by which glucose can be oxidized to generate
DE   NADPH and is the source of much of the NADPH that is needed for the
DE   biosynthesis of many biomolecules. The pentose phosphate pathway and
DE   the Calvin cycle have in common several enzymes and intermediates that
DE   attest to a common evolution. Like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis,
DE   these pathways are mirror images of one another: the Calvin cycle uses
DE   NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide to generate hexoses, whereas the
DE   pentose phosphate pathway breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide to
DE   generate NADPH. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the
DE   reductive pentose phosphate pathway [Stryer, Biochemistry, 2002]. For
DE   convenience, the pentose phosphate pathway is commonly divided into
DE   its preliminary oxidative stage in which glucose-6-phosphate is
DE   oxidized to ribulose-5-phosphate, and its subsequent non-oxidative
DE   stage, in which through a series of transaldolase and transketolase
DE   reactions, ribulose-5-phosphate is converted into fructose-6-phosphate
DE   and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
SY   hexose monophosphate pathway; phosphogluconate pathway; hexose
SY   monophosphate shunt; pentose shunt.
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006098; P:pentose-phosphate shunt.
DR   KEGG; map00030; Pentose phosphate pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00480; Glutathione metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00710; Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   Calvin cycle.
AC   UPA00116
CL   Pathway.
DE   In the Calvin cycle, the source of the carbon atoms is the simple
DE   molecule carbon dioxide. In this extremely important process, carbon
DE   dioxide gas is trapped in a form that is useful for many processes.
DE   The Calvin cycle brings into living systems the carbon atoms that will
DE   become constituents of nucleic acids, proteins, and fats.
DE   Photosynthetic organisms are called autotrophs (literally self-
DE   feeders) because they can synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide and
DE   water, by using sunlight as an energy source, and then recover some of
DE   this energy from the synthesized glucose through the glycolytic
DE   pathway and aerobic metabolism. Organisms that obtain energy from
DE   chemical fuels only are called heterotrophs, which ultimately depend
DE   on autotrophs for their fuel. The Calvin cycle also differs from
DE   gluconeogenesis in where it takes place in photosynthetic eukaryotes.
DE   Whereas gluconeogenesis takes place in the cytoplasm, the Calvin cycle
DE   takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts, the photosynthetic
DE   organelles. The pentose phosphate pathway is part of central
DE   metabolism. This pathway provides a means by which glucose can be
DE   oxidized to generate NADPH and is the source of much of the NADPH that
DE   is needed for the biosynthesis of many biomolecules, most notably
DE   fats. The pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle have in
DE   common several enzymes and intermediates that attest to an
DE   evolutionary kinship. Like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, these
DE   pathways are mirror images of one another: the Calvin cycle uses NADPH
DE   to reduce carbon dioxide to generate hexoses, whereas the pentose
DE   phosphate pathway breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide to generate
DE   NADPH. The Calvin cycle is sometimes referred to as the reductive
DE   pentose phosphate pathway. [Stryer, Biochemistry, 2002].
SY   reductive pentose phosphate pathway; C3 photosynthesis; reductive
SY   pentose phosphate cycle.
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019253; P:reductive pentose-phosphate cycle.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c90>.
//
ID   carnitine metabolism.
AC   UPA00117
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of L-Carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a
DE   derivative of the amino acid L-lysine. Its name is derived from the
DE   fact that it was first isolated from meat (carnus) in 1905. Because
DE   L-carnitine appeared to act as a vitamin in the mealworm (Tenebrio
DE   molitor), it was called vitamin BT. Vitamin BT turned out to be a
DE   misnomer when scientists discovered that humans and other higher
DE   organisms synthesize L-carnitine. Under certain conditions, the demand
DE   for L-carnitine may exceed an individual's capacity to synthesize it,
DE   making it a conditionally essential nutrient. L-Carnitine is
DE   synthesized primarily in the liver and also in the kidneys, and must
DE   be transported to other tissues. It is most concentrated in tissues
DE   that use fatty acids as their primary dietary fuel, such as skeletal
DE   and cardiac (heart) muscle. In this regard, L-carnitine plays an
DE   important role in energy production by chaperoning activated fatty
DE   acids (acyl-CoA) into the mitochondrial matrix for metabolism and
DE   chaperoning intermediate compounds out of the mitochondrial matrix to
DE   prevent their accumulation.
SY   L-Carnitine metabolism; hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid
SY   metabolism.
HI   UPA00455; amine and polyamine metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10209289.
DR   PubMed; 12081978.
DR   PubMed; 15518548.
DR   PubMed; 15731894.
DR   PubMed; 11551212.
DR   GO; GO:0009437; P:carnitine metabolic process.
//
ID   carnitine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00118
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl
DE   aminobutyric acid). L-Carnitine is synthesized primarily in the liver
DE   and also in the kidneys, and must be transported to other tissues.
SY   hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid biosynthesis; L-carnitine
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045329; P:carnitine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   xanthosine degradation.
AC   UPA00119
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of xanthosine, a purine nucleoside.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
//
ID   prephenate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00120
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of prephenate from chorismate. Prephenate is an
DE   intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino-acids,
DE   L-Phenylalanine and L-Tyrosine.
HI   UPA00415; metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00121
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-phenylalanine ((S)-alpha-amino-beta-phenylpropionic
DE   acid) from prephenate.
SY   (S)-alpha-amino-beta-phenylpropionic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009094; P:L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00360; Phenylalanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00960; Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid
DR   biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd5d0>.
//
ID   L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00122
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-tyrosine ((S)-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)alanine) from
DE   prephenate.
SY   (S)-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)alanine biosynthesis;
SY   (S)-2-amino-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006571; P:tyrosine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00130; Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00350; Tyrosine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00401; Novobiocin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00950; Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd590>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd710>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd790>.
//
ID   dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00124
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of dTDP-L-rhamnose, a substance
DE   composed of L-rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine
DE   diphosphate.
SY   dTDP-6-deoxy-L-mannose biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019305; P:dTDP-rhamnose biosynthetic process.
//
ID   L-rhamnose metabolism.
AC   UPA00125
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of rhamnose (hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose).
SY   hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose metabolism.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019299; P:rhamnose metabolic process.
//
ID   GDP-alpha-D-mannose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00126
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of GDP-D-mannose, a substance
DE   composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009298; P:GDP-mannose biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00051; Fructose and mannose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
AC   UPA00128
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of GDP-L-fucose via de novo pathway. GDP-L-fucose, the
DE   substrate for fucosyltransferases for addition of fucose to
DE   polysaccharides or glycoproteins in both procaryotes and eucaryotes,
DE   is made from GDP-D-mannose. L-Fucose is a component of bacterial
DE   surface antigens, including the extracellular polysaccharide colanic
DE   acid produced by most Escherichia coli strains, as well as by other
DE   species of the family Enterobacteriaceae. In the de novo pathway,
DE   GDP-L-fucose is synthesized from GDP-mannose via an oxidation, an
DE   epimerization, and a reduction. These steps are catalyzed by two
DE   enzymes, GDP-mannose-4,6-dehydratase and GDP-4-keto-6 -deoxy-
DE   mannose-3,5-epimerase-4-reductase (FX in mammals). In mammals, the de
DE   novo pathway is the major route for cellular GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis
DE   in vivo. Levels of GDP-L-fucose in human hepatocellular carcinoma
DE   tissues are significantly increased compared with adjacent nontumor
DE   tissues or normal livers. (relationship between elevated FX expression
DE   and increased production of GDP-L-Fucose).
SY   GDP-D-mannose to GDP-L-fucose conversion.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9525924.
DR   PubMed; 9603974.
DR   PubMed; 14559815.
DR   GO; GO:0042351; P:'de novo' GDP-L-fucose biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00051; Fructose and mannose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7fd0>.
//
ID   GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00129
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of GDP-L-fucose from L-fucose, without de novo synthesis.
DE   In the salvage pathway, GDP-L-fucose is synthesized by the action of
DE   an L-fucose kinase and GDP-L-fucose pyrophospholylase from free
DE   fucose, which is delivered to the cytosol either extracellularly or
DE   intracellularly.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9804772.
DR   GO; GO:0042352; P:GDP-L-fucose salvage.
//
ID   2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00130
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of alpha mannosylglycerate (MG), a compatible solute
DE   originally identified in red algae of the order Ceramiales.
DE   Mannosylglycerate is a common compatible solute of halotolerant or
DE   slightly halophilic thermophilic and hyperthermophilic prokaryotes.
DE   Mannosylglycerate has a role in stabilizing proteins from thermal
DE   denaturation, since it is one of the most efficient thermoprotectants
DE   known in vitro. The biosynthesis of MG proceeds via two alternate
DE   routes. In one pathway, GDP-mannose is condensed with D-glycerate to
DE   produce MG in a single glycosyl transfer reaction catalyzed by MG
DE   synthase. In the other pathway, mannosyl-3-phosphoglycerate synthase
DE   (MPGS) catalyzes the conversion of GDP-mannose and
DE   D-3-phosphoglycerate into mannosyl-3-phosphoglycerate (MPG), which is
DE   subsequently converted to MG by mannosyl-3-phosphoglycerate
DE   phosphatase (MPGP).
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12788726.
DR   PubMed; 10585410.
DR   PubMed; 11562374.
DR   GO; GO:0051479; P:mannosylglycerate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00051; Fructose and mannose metabolism.
//
ID   beta-alanine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00131
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid =
DE   3-aminopropanoate), an achiral amino-acid and an isomer of alanine. It
DE   occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate)
DE   but it is not a constituent of proteins. It is an intermediate in
DE   pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis. In
DE   contrast to bacteria, yeast derive the beta-alanine required for
DE   pantothenic acid production via polyamine metabolism.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12586697.
DR   PubMed; 6767707.
DR   GO; GO:0019483; P:beta-alanine biosynthetic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7cd0>.
//
ID   L-ascorbate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00132
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-ascorbic acid (Asa), a sugar acid with antioxidant
DE   properties. L-ascorbate is required as a cofactor in reactions
DE   catalyzed by copper-dependent monooxygenases and iron-dependent
DE   dioxygenases. L-ascorbic acid can be biosynthesized by plants, some
DE   bacteria and many vertebrates, although not in guinea pigs and
DE   primates, including humans.
SY   AsA biosynthesis; (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5
SY   -dihydrofuran-3-olate biosynthesis; L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis;
SY   vitamin C biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8821967.
DR   PubMed; 11153268.
DR   PubMed; 15564123.
DR   GO; GO:0019853; P:L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   L-alanine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00133
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-alanine amino-acid.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d50>.
//
ID   L-asparagine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00134
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-asparagine amino-acid.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006529; P:asparagine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00460; Cyanoamino acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd150>.
//
ID   L-serine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00135
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-serine amino-acid.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11354602.
DR   PubMed; 3004357.
DR   PubMed; 2982327.
DR   PubMed; 7198894.
DR   PubMed; 16269752.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd2d0>.
//
ID   L-cysteine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00136
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-cysteine amino-acid.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019344; P:cysteine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00920; Sulfur metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd350>.
//
ID   monoterpene degradation.
AC   UPA00137
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of monoterpenes. Monoterpenes can be divided into three
DE   major subgroups: linear monoterpenes, monocyclic monoterpenes and
DE   bicyclic monoterpenes.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10769172.
//
ID   gluconeogenesis.
AC   UPA00138
CL   Pathway.
DE   Gluconeogenesis is the generation of glucose from other organic
DE   molecules like lactate, glycerol, and amino-acids. Many 3- and
DE   4-carbon substrates can enter the gluconeogenesis pathway. But the
DE   first designated substrate in the gluconeogenic pathway is pyruvate.
DE   Gluconeogenesis cannot be considered to be a reverse process of
DE   glycolysis, as the three irreversible steps in glycolysis are bypassed
DE   in gluconeogenesis. This is done to ensure that glycolysis and
DE   gluconeogenesis do not operate at the same time in the cell.
SY   glucose biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006094; P:gluconeogenesis.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine degradation.
AC   UPA00139
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-phenylalanine, an aromatic amino-acid.
SY   (S)-alpha-amino-beta-phenylpropionic acid degradation;
SY   (S)-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)alanine degradation; L-tyrosine degradation;
SY   (S)-2-amino-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006559; P:L-phenylalanine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00130; Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00350; Tyrosine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00360; Phenylalanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00401; Novobiocin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00643; Styrene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00950; Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b8490>.
//
ID   hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00140
CL   Pathway.
DE   Conversion of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, in preparation for
DE   incorporation into cysteine and methionine. Sulfate can provide sulfur
DE   for biosynthesis. The sulfur atom in sulfate is more oxidized than it
DE   is in cysteine and other organic molecules; thus sulfate must be
DE   reduced before it can be assimilated. This process is known as
DE   assimilatory sulfate reduction to distinguish it from the
DE   dissimilatory sulfate reduction that takes place when sulfate acts as
DE   an electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration.
SY   sulfate activation pathway; assimilatory sulfate reduction; sulfate
SY   assimilation pathway.
HI   UPA00096; sulfur metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10464198.
DR   PubMed; 15917234.
DR   GO; GO:0070814; P:hydrogen sulfide biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00920; Sulfur metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   L-arabinose degradation via L-arabinono-1,4-lactone pathway.
AC   UPA00141
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-arabinose via L-arabinono-1,4-lactone pathway. In
DE   this catabolic pathway, L-arabinose is oxidized to L-arabino-gamma-
DE   lactone (L-arabinono-1,4-lactone) by a NAD(P)+-dependent
DE   dehydrogenase. The lactone is cleaved by a lactonase to L-arabonate,
DE   followed by two successive dehydration reactions forming
DE   L-2-keto-3-deoxyarabonate (L-KDA)2 and alpha-ketoglutaric semialdehyde
DE   (alpha-KGSA). The last step is the NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenation
DE   of alpha-KGSA to alpha-ketoglutaric acid (referred to as the first
DE   pathway). Alternatively, L-KDA is cleaved through an aldolase reaction
DE   to glycolaldehyde and pyruvate (referred to as the second pathway). .
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16950779.
DR   PubMed; 17202142.
DR   PubMed; 16326697.
DR   GO; GO:0019570; P:L-arabinose catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b8190>.
//
ID   glutathione biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00142
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glutathione (GSH;
DE   L-{gamma}-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine), a predominant low molecular
DE   weight peptide thiol present in many Gram- negative bacteria and in
DE   virtually all eukaryotes, except those that lack mitochondria.
SY   GSH biosynthesis; glutathione de novo biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00096; sulfur metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 16339152.
DR   GO; GO:0006750; P:glutathione biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00480; Glutathione metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   protein ubiquitination.
AC   UPA00143
CL   Pathway.
DE   Ubiquitin is a small protein that occurs in all eukaryotic cells. Its
DE   main known function is to mark other proteins for destruction, known
DE   as proteolysis. The process of marking a protein with ubiquitin
DE   (ubiquitinylation, ubiquitylation or ubiquitination) consists of a
DE   series of steps [source: wikipedia]: 1. Activation of ubiquitin -
DE   ubiquitin is activated in a two-step reaction by an E1 ubiquitin-
DE   activating enzyme in a process requiring ATP as an energy source. The
DE   initial step involves production of a ubiquitin-adenylate
DE   intermediate. The second step transfers ubiquitin to the E1 active
DE   site cysteine residue, with release of AMP. This step results in a
DE   thioester linkage between the C-terminal carboxyl group of ubiquitin
DE   and the E1 cysteine sulfhydryl group. 2. Transfer of ubiquitin from E1
DE   to the active site cysteine of a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 via a
DE   trans(thio)esterification reaction. 3. The final step of the
DE   ubiquitinylation cascade generally requires the activity of one of the
DE   hundreds of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases (often termed simply
DE   ubiquitin ligase). E3 enzymes function as the substrate recognition
DE   modules of the system and are capable of interaction with both E2 and
DE   substrate. E3 enzymes possess one of two domains: * The HECT
DE   (Homologous to the E6-AP Carboxyl Terminus) domain * The RING domain
DE   (or the closely related U-box domain).
SY   Ubl conjugation pathway; protein ubiquitylation; protein
SY   ubiquitinylation; ubiquitin conjugation pathway.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 11395416.
DR   GO; GO:0016567; P:protein ubiquitination.
//
ID   proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent pathway.
AC   UPA00144
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of proteins by hydrolysis of their peptide bonds. This
DE   process is initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and
DE   mediated by the proteasome.
SY   UFD pathway; ubiquitin fusion protein degradation pathway.
HI   UPA00468; protein degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0043161; P:proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic
DR   process.
//
ID   L-arabinose degradation via L-ribulose.
AC   UPA00145
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-arabinose via L-ribulose pathway. The bacterial
DE   L-arabinose catabolic pathway consists of L-arabinose isomerase (EC
DE   5.3.1.4), ribulokinase (EC 2.7.1.16), and L-ribulose phosphate
DE   4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.4) which convert L-arabinose to D-xylulose
DE   5-phosphate. The pathway and the genes of this pathway are well-
DE   established.
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   PubMed; 9084180.
DR   PubMed; 3549454.
DR   GO; GO:0019569; P:L-arabinose catabolic process to xylulose
DR   5-phosphate.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b8150>.
//
ID   L-arabinose degradation via L-arabinitol.
AC   UPA00146
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-arabinose via L-arabinitol pathway. The fungal
DE   L-arabinose catabolic pathway consists of aldose reductase (EC
DE   1.1.1.21), L-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.12), L-xylulose
DE   reductase (EC 1.1.1.10), D-xylulose reductase (EC 1.1.1.9), and
DE   xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17) which convert L-arabinose to D-xylulose
DE   5-phosphate. .
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   PubMed; 12009906.
DR   GO; GO:0019569; P:L-arabinose catabolic process to xylulose
DR   5-phosphate.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b80d0>.
//
ID   methane degradation.
AC   UPA00147
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of methane, the simplest alkane.
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046188; P:methane catabolic process.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00148
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of adenosylcobalamin (vitamin B12), a modified
DE   tetrapyrrole cofactor. Adenosylcobalamin belongs to the same class of
DE   compounds as heme, chlorophyll, siroheme, and coenzyme F430. Most
DE   prokaryotic organisms as well as animals (including human) and
DE   protists have enzyme that require adenosylcobalamin as cofactor,
DE   whereas plants and fungi are thought not to use it. It is one of the
DE   most structurally complex protein cofactors ans its biosynthesis
DE   remains one of the most enigmatic and exigent metabolic pathways in
DE   nature, requiring around 30 enzymes. Two distinct yet similar route
DE   exist, known as the oxygene-dependent (aerobic route) and oxygen-
DE   independent (anaerobic route) pathways. These pathways diverge at
DE   precorrin-2 and merge again at adenosylcobyrate. The major difference
DE   between these two routes include the timing of cobalt insertion, the
DE   requirement for oxygen and the nature of the extruded carbon fragment
DE   which is lost during the ring construction process [McGoldrick et al,
DE   2005].
SY   vitamin B12 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12196148.
DR   PubMed; 16198574.
DR   PubMed; 16866557.
DR   GO; GO:0009236; P:cobalamin biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00860; Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   penicillin G biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00149
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of penicillin G, a beta-lactam antibiotic. Penicillin G
DE   is one of the mainly used antibiotics for the therapy of infectious
DE   diseases. It is produced as end product by some filamentous fungi
DE   only, most notably by Aspergillus (Emericella) nidulans and
DE   Penicillium chrysogenum. The penicillin biosynthesis is catalysed by
DE   three enzymes which are encoded by the following three genes: pcbAB
DE   (acvA), pcbC (ipnA) and penDE (aatA).
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15719552.
DR   KEGG; map00311; Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   maltose degradation.
AC   UPA00150
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of maltose (malt sugar), a disaccharide formed from two
DE   units of glucose joined with an alpha(1-4) linkage. .
SY   malt sugar degradation.
HI   UPA00442; glycan degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0000025; P:maltose catabolic process.
//
ID   auxin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00151
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of auxins. Auxins are natural plant hormone involved in
DE   several stages of plant growth and development such as cell
DE   elongation, cell division, tissue differentiation, and apical
DE   dominance. The biosynthesis and the underlying mechanism of auxins
DE   (and cytokinins) action are subjects of intense investigation. Diverse
DE   bacterial species possess the ability to produce the auxin
DE   phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
SY   indole-3-acetate biosynthesis; indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis;
SY   indoleacetate biosynthesis; IAA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00437; plant hormone metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 17509086.
DR   PubMed; 12758033.
DR   PubMed; 7576148.
DR   GO; GO:0009851; P:auxin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   starch biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00152
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of starch, a complex carbohydrate, used by plants as a
DE   way to store excess glucose. Starch contains a mixture of two
DE   molecules: amylose and amylopectin. Usually these are found in a ratio
DE   of 30:70 or 20:80, with amylopectin found in larger amounts than
DE   amylose. Starch is often found in the fruit, seeds, rhizomes or tubers
DE   of plants. .
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019252; P:starch biosynthetic process.
//
ID   starch degradation.
AC   UPA00153
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of starch, a complex carbohydrate, used by plants as a way
DE   to store excess glucose. Starch contains a mixture of two molecules:
DE   amylose and amylopectin. Usually these are found in a ratio of 30:70
DE   or 20:80, with amylopectin found in larger amounts than amylose.
DE   Starch is often found in the fruit, seeds, rhizomes or tubers of
DE   plants. .
HI   UPA00442; glycan degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0005983; P:starch catabolic process.
//
ID   flavonoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00154
CL   Pathway.
DE   The formation from simpler components of flavonoids, a group of
DE   phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009813; P:flavonoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   biphenyl degradation.
AC   UPA00155
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of biphenyl, an aromatic hydrocarbon, comprised of two,
DE   six-sided aromatic rings connected at one carbon on each ring. It is
DE   used as a fungistat in transportation containers of oranges and other
DE   citrus fruits, as an intermediate for the production of emulsifiers,
DE   optical brighteners, plastics, crop protection products and other
DE   organic compounds. It is also used as a heat transfer medium, as a
DE   dyestuff carrier for textiles and copying paper, as a solvent in
DE   pharmaceutical production, and it was the parent compound of
DE   polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (Weaver et al., 1979). Biphenyl is
DE   considered to be one of the most thermally stable organic compounds
DE   (HSDB, 1991). Animal studies have indicated that biphenyl exposure
DE   results in morphological and histopathological changes in the urinary
DE   system and it is considered to be a possible mutagen based on in-vitro
DE   studies (Boehncke et al., 2005). Various aerobic bacteria are capable
DE   of degrading biphenyl via the bhp encoded pathway (Catelani et al.,
DE   1971 and Haddock et al., 1993), which is also capable of degrading low
DE   chlorinated PCBs. [Rehmann L, Daugulis AJ., Chemosphere. 2006
DE   May;63(6):972-9.].
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16339959.
DR   PubMed; 16310831.
DR   KEGG; map00621; Dioxin degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   benzoate degradation via hydroxylation.
AC   UPA00156
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of benzoic acid via hydroxylation pathway. This aerobic
DE   pathway includes hydroxylation of the aromatic ring by monooxygenases
DE   or dioxygenases, whereby catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) or
DE   protocatechuate (3,4-dihydroxybenzoate) is produced. These central
DE   aromatic intermediates are the substrates for ring-cleaving
DE   dioxygenases.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0043640; P:benzoate catabolic process via hydroxylation.
DR   KEGG; map00362; Benzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00627; Aminobenzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   beta-ketoadipate pathway.
AC   UPA00157
CL   Pathway.
DE   The classical beta-ketoadipate pathway: ortho cleavage of catechol
DE   (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) or protocatechuate (3,4-dihydroxybenzoate) ring
DE   leads to beta-ketoadipate (3-oxoadipate), which is subsequently
DE   converted to succinyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and acetyl-CoA.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8905091.
DR   PubMed; 15937168.
DR   GO; GO:0042952; P:beta-ketoadipate pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00362; Benzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00624; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   urea cycle.
AC   UPA00158
CL   Pathway.
DE   The urea cycle, also known as the ornithine cycle, is a cycle of
DE   biochemical reactions occurring in many animal organisms that produces
DE   urea from ammonia (NH4+). This cycle was the first metabolic cycle
DE   discovered (Krebs and Hensenleit, 1932) [Wikipedia]. Arginine from the
DE   diet or from protein breakdown is cleaved by the cytosolic enzyme
DE   arginase, generating urea and ornithine. In subsequent reactions of
DE   the urea cycle a new urea residue is built on the ornithine,
DE   regenerating arginine and perpetuating the cycle.
SY   ornithine cycle.
HI   UPA00045; nitrogen metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0000050; P:urea cycle.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   CTP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
AC   UPA00159
CL   Pathway.
DE   De novo biosynthesis of CTP starting from UMP.
SY   cytosine triphosphate biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   tocopherol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00160
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tocopherol, or vitamin E, a fat-soluble vitamin that
DE   is an important antioxidant. Natural vitamin E exists in eight
DE   different forms or isomers, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
DE   All isomers have a chromanol ring, with a hydroxyl group which can
DE   donate a hydrogen atom to reduce free radicals and a hydrophobic side
DE   chain which allows for penetration into biological membranes. There is
DE   an alpha, beta, gamma and delta form of both the tocopherols and
DE   tocotrienols, determined by the number of methyl groups on the
DE   chromanol ring. Each form has its own biological activity. Alpha-
DE   tocopherol is the most active form of vitamin E (tocopherol) in humans
DE   and is a powerful biological antioxidant.
SY   vitamin E biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0010189; P:vitamin E biosynthetic process.
//
ID   lincomycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00161
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lincomycin A, an antibiotic that comes from the
DE   bacteria Streptomyces lincolnensis. It is composed of two moieties, a
DE   sugar moiety
DE   6-amino-6,8-dideoxy-1-thio-D-erythro-{alpha}-D-galactooctopyranoside
DE   (methylthiolincosaminide) and an amino-acid derivative
DE   4-n-propyl-L-hygric acid, linked by an amide bond.
SY   cillimycin biosynthesis; lincomycin A biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15355345.
DR   PubMed; 8577249.
DR   PubMed; 9531633.
//
ID   vancomycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00162
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic that comes from
DE   Actonobacteria. Vancomycin acts by inhibiting proper cell wall
DE   synthesis in Gram-positive bacteria. The mechanism inhibited, and
DE   various factors related to entering the outer membrane of Gram-
DE   negative organisms mean that vancomycin is not active against Gram-
DE   negative bacteria (except some non-gonococcal species of Neisseria).
DE   Specifically, vancomycin prevents incorporation of N-acetylmuramic
DE   acid (NAM)- and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)-peptide subunits into the
DE   peptidoglycan matrix; which forms the major structural component of
DE   Gram-positive cell walls.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12888556.
DR   PubMed; 12207020.
DR   PubMed; 15122882.
DR   GO; GO:0033072; P:vancomycin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   glycogen metabolism.
AC   UPA00163
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glycogen. This polysaccharide is the principal storage
DE   form of glucose (Glc) in animal cells. Glycogen is found in the form
DE   of granules in the cytosol in many cell types, and plays an important
DE   role in the glucose cycle.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0005977; P:glycogen metabolic process.
//
ID   glycogen biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00164
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glycogen, the principal storage form of glucose (Glc)
DE   in animal cells. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the
DE   cytosol in many cell types, and plays an important role in the glucose
DE   cycle.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0005978; P:glycogen biosynthetic process.
//
ID   glycogen degradation.
AC   UPA00165
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of glycogen, the principal storage form of glucose (Glc)
DE   in animal cells. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the
DE   cytosol in many cell types, and plays an important role in the glucose
DE   cycle. .
HI   UPA00442; glycan degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0005980; P:glycogen catabolic process.
//
ID   mersacidin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00166
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mersacidin, a glycopeptide antibiotic that comes from
DE   Actonobacteria. Vancomycin acts by inhibiting proper cell wall
DE   synthesis in Gram-positive bacteria. The mechanism inhibited, and
DE   various factors related to entering the outer membrane of Gram-
DE   negative organisms mean that vancomycin is not active against Gram-
DE   negative bacteria (except some non-gonococcal species of Neisseria).
DE   Specifically, vancomycin prevents incorporation of N-acetylmuramic
DE   acid (NAM)- and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)-peptide subunits into the
DE   peptidoglycan matrix; which forms the major structural component of
DE   Gram-positive cell walls.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10831439.
//
ID   heptaketide naphthopyrone YWA1 biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00167
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of heptaketide naphthopyrone YWA1. yWA1 is a yellow
DE   conidial wall pigment intermediate produced by Emericella nidulans
DE   (Aspergillus nidulans).
HI   UPA00473; polyketide biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11251292.
DR   PubMed; 1465094.
DR   PubMed; 15324811.
//
ID   phosphinothricin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00168
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phosphinothricin
DE   (2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butanoic acid) antibiotic.
SY   2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butanoic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   beta-lactam biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00169
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics, a broad class of antibiotics
DE   which include penicillin derivatives, cephalosporins, monobactams,
DE   carbapenems and beta-lactamase inhibitors,etc (i.e any antibiotic
DE   agent which contains a beta-lactam nucleus in its molecular
DE   structure). The beta- lactam ring, or penam, is a lactam with a
DE   heteroatomic ring structure, consisting of three carbon atoms and one
DE   nitrogen atom.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0030654; P:beta-lactam antibiotic biosynthetic process.
//
ID   trisporate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00170
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of trisporate, a sex pheromone. Trisporate stimulates
DE   zygophore (sex cell) development in Mucor mucedo ans presumably in all
DE   other mucoraceous fungi including Blakeslea trispora.
DE   4-dihydromethyltrisporate is produced solely by the (+) mating type
DE   and released into the environment. (-) Mating types react to the
DE   stimulus by directed growth and production of zygophores.
DE   4-dihydromethyltrisporate is taken up by (-) hyphae and converted into
DE   methyltrisporate by 4-dihydromethyltrisporate dehydrogenase (TDH).
DE   Trisporate is synthesized from methyltrisporate by an esterase. Both
DE   enzymatic reactions occur specifically in the (-) mating type.
HI   UPA00459; pheromone biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 4818834.
DR   PubMed; 16043374.
DR   PubMed; 8828234.
DR   GO; GO:0046842; P:trisporic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   pentalenene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00171
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pentalenene, a tricyclic sesquiterpene that is the
DE   hydrocarbon precursor of the pentalenolactone family of antibiotics.
DE   Pentalenene is produced by the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate.
HI   UPA00449; sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00909; Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   cephalosporin C biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00172
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of cephalosporin C antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11759684.
DR   PubMed; 16332884.
//
ID   actinorhodin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00173
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of actinorhodin polyketide antibiotic.
SY   actinorhodine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9166770.
DR   PubMed; 15286722.
DR   PubMed; 15458634.
DR   PubMed; 15544323.
//
ID   tetracenomycin C biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00174
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tetracenomycin C, a polyketide antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   granaticin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00175
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of granaticin, a polyketide antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   curamycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00176
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of curamycin, a polyketide antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   aristolochene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00177
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of aristolochene, a bicyclic eremophilane-type
DE   sesquiterpene. Aristolochene (+)-enantiomer is a precursor of
DE   mycotoxin PR-toxin in P.roqueforti. It is the likely parent
DE   hydrocarbon of several eremophilene toxins and bioregulators produced
DE   by a variery of filamentous fungi. The antipodal (-)-enantiomer has
DE   been isolated from numerous higher plants.
HI   UPA00449; sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00909; Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   monensin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00178
CL   Pathway.
DE   iosynthesis of monensin, a polyketide antifungal.
HI   UPA00479; antifungal biosynthesis.
//
ID   bacitracin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00179
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bacitracin antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   tyrocidine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00180
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tyrocidine antibiotic. Tyrocidine is a mixture of four
DE   cyclic decapeptides, tyrocidine A (D-Phe-Pro-Phe-D-Phe-Asn-Gln-Tyr-
DE   Val-Orn-Leu), B, C, and D, in which Phe, at positions 3, 4, and Tyr
DE   residues are gradually replaced by Trp, depending on the relative
DE   concentrations of these amino-acids in the growth medium.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   surfactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00181
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of surfactin antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   carbapenem biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00182
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of carbapenem (1-carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid), a
DE   beta-lactam antibiotic. biosynthesis.
SY   1-carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9402024.
//
ID   cephamycin C biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00183
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of cephamycin C, a beta-lactam antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16527306.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7dd0>.
//
ID   fortimicin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00184
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of fortimicin A (astromicin) antibiotic.
SY   astromicin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8486289.
//
ID   L-arginine degradation via AST pathway.
AC   UPA00185
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-arginine via arginine succinyl transferase pathway.
DE   One function of this pathway is to provide nitrogen during nitrogen
DE   restriction. The ammonia produced is assimilated into glutamate and
DE   glutamine, which in turn provides nitrogen for the synthesis of
DE   virtually all nitrogen-containing compounds.
SY   L-glutamate and succinate biosynthesis; arginine succinyl transferase
SY   (AST) pathway.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 9393691.
DR   PubMed; 9696779.
DR   PubMed; 2865249.
DR   PubMed; 12003934.
DR   GO; GO:0019545; P:arginine catabolic process to succinate.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
//
ID   agmatine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00186
CL   Pathway.
DE   The decarboxylation of L-arginine by arginine decarboxylase produces
DE   agmatine. Agmatine is a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of
DE   putrescine and higher polyamines (spermidine and spermine). Recent
DE   studies indicate that agmatine can have several important biochemical
DE   effects in humans, ranging from effects on the central nervous system
DE   to cell proliferation in cancer and viral replication.
SY   L-arginine degradation via ADC pathway; arginine decarboxylase
SY   pathway.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12641342.
DR   PubMed; 15656789.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   putrescine degradation.
AC   UPA00188
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of the putrescine polyamine. There are two routes of
DE   putrescine degradation to succinate semialdehyde via gamma-
DE   aminobutyric acid (GABA).
SY   1,4-butanediamine degradation; putrescine catabolism;
SY   1,4-diaminobutane degradation; tetramethylenediamine degradation.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   PubMed; 12634339.
DR   PubMed; 12617754.
DR   PubMed; 15590624.
DR   GO; GO:0009447; P:putrescine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00410; beta-Alanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   GMP biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00189
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of GMP (guanosine monophosphate) from IMP (inosine
DE   monophosphate).
SY   guanosine monophosphate biosynthesis; guanosine 5'-phosphate
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006177; P:GMP biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   B6 vitamer interconversion.
AC   UPA00190
CL   Pathway.
DE   Interconversion of B6 vitamers (PL, PM, PN, PLP, PMP, PNP).
SY   vitamin B6 salvage pathway.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00750; Vitamin B6 metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   alkane degradation.
AC   UPA00191
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of saturated hydrocarbon compounds.
HI   UPA00325; hydrocarbon metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0043448; P:alkane catabolic process.
//
ID   B6 vitamer degradation.
AC   UPA00192
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of B6 vitamers (PL, PM, PN).
SY   vitamin B6 degradation.
HI   UPA00483; cofactor degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0042820; P:vitamin B6 catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00750; Vitamin B6 metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   tetrahydrofolate interconversion.
AC   UPA00193
CL   Pathway.
DE   C1-unit interconversion via tetrahydrofolate pathway.
SY   one carbon pool by folate pathway; C1-unit interconversion.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7fd0>.
//
ID   thyroid hormone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00194
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of thyroid hormones. The thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4)
DE   and triiodothyronine (T3), are tyrosine-based hormones produced by the
DE   thyroid gland. An important component in the synthesis is iodine. The
DE   major form of thyroid hormone in the blood is thyroxine (T4). .
HI   UPA00435; hormone biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006590; P:thyroid hormone generation.
//
ID   epi-isozizaene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00195
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the tricyclic sesquiterpenoid epi-isozizaene produced
DE   by Streptomyces coelicolor.
HI   UPA00449; sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16669656.
//
ID   glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00196
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of GPI or glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, a
DE   glycolipid that can be attached to the C-terminus of a protein during
DE   posttranslational modification. A GPI anchor is composed of a
DE   hydrophobic phosphatidyl inositol group linked through a carbohydrate
DE   containing linker (glucosamine and mannose linked to phosphoryl
DE   ethanolamine residue) to the C-terminal amino-acid of a mature
DE   protein. The two fatty acids within the hydrophobic phosphatidyl-
DE   inositol group anchor the protein to the cell membrane.
SY   GPI anchor biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00506; glycolipid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006506; P:GPI anchor biosynthetic process.
//
ID   bialaphos biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00197
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bialaphos, a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces
DE   hygroscopicus, used as herbicide. Bialaphos is a tripeptide which
DE   consists of two L-alanine residues and the L-glutamic analog
DE   phosphinothrycin.
SY   2-amino-4-(methylphosphino)butyrylalanylalanine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 3611020.
//
ID   DNA modification.
AC   UPA00198
CL   Pathway.
DE   The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotide sites in DNA,
DE   resulting in a change in its properties. [GO].
HI   UPA00485; genetic information processing.
DR   GO; GO:0006304; P:DNA modification.
//
ID   fatty acid metabolism.
AC   UPA00199
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of fatty acids.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006631; P:fatty acid metabolic process.
//
ID   stilbene, coumarine and lignin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00200
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of stilbene, coumarine and lignin.
HI   UPA00465; secondary metabolite metabolism.
//
ID   L-glutamate metabolism.
AC   UPA00201
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of L-glutamic acid amino-acid.
SY   L-glutamic acid metabolism.
HI   UPA00401; amino-acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006538; P:glutamate catabolic process.
//
ID   fructose metabolism.
AC   UPA00202
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of fructose.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006000; P:fructose metabolic process.
//
ID   methylnaphthalene degradation.
AC   UPA00203
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of methylnaphthalene derivative compounds.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0043635; P:methylnaphthalene catabolic process.
//
ID   glutathione metabolism.
AC   UPA00204
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine,
DE   which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the
DE   protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has
DE   a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and
DE   oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle.
DE   [source: GO].
SY   GSH metabolism; glutamylcysteinylglycine tripeptide metabolism.
HI   UPA00096; sulfur metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006749; P:glutathione metabolic process.
//
ID   propanoate metabolism.
AC   UPA00205
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of propionic acid (propionate, propanoate).
SY   propionic acid metabolism; propionate metabolism.
HI   UPA00698; organic acid metabolism.
//
ID   ethanol fermentation.
AC   UPA00206
CL   Pathway.
DE   Fermentation of ethanol.
HI   UPA00553; fermentation.
//
ID   nylon-6 oligomer degradation.
AC   UPA00207
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 6-aminohexanoate dimers (cyclic or linear), by-products
DE   of nylon manufacture.
SY   nylon degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 2512123.
DR   PubMed; 6646204.
DR   PubMed; 2722746.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e50>.
//
ID   4-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation.
AC   UPA00208
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.
SY   4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00350; Tyrosine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   geosmin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00209
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of geosmin (trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol). Geosmin
DE   is responsible for the characteristic odor of moist soil, it is
DE   produced in soil primarily by streptomycetes-ubiquitous Gram-positive,
DE   filamentous, saprophytic bacteria. Geosmin has also been isolated from
DE   a variety of cyanobacteria, fungi, and liverworts. Jiang et al
DE   [PMID:16787064] established that the biosynthesis of geosmin from
DE   farnesyl diphosphate is catalyzed by a single enzyme, the
DE   germacradienol/germacrene D synthase, without intervention of any
DE   additional enzymes and without any requirement for redox cofactors.
SY   trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16787064.
//
ID   spermine degradation.
AC   UPA00211
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of the polyamine spermine
DE   (N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butanediamine).
SY   N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butanediamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   PubMed; 12141946.
DR   GO; GO:0046208; P:spermine catabolic process.
//
ID   polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00212
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), linear polyesters
DE   produced by bacterial fermentation of sugar or lipids. .
SY   polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthesis; PHA synthesis.
HI   UPA00487; polyester biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12200450.
//
ID   terpenoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00213
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of terpenoid compounds.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0016114; P:terpenoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   galactose metabolism.
AC   UPA00214
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of galactose.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006012; P:galactose metabolic process.
//
ID   nucleotide-sugar metabolism.
AC   UPA00215
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of nucleotide-sugar compounds. .
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0009225; P:nucleotide-sugar metabolic process.
//
ID   vanillyl-alcohol degradation.
AC   UPA00217
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of vanillyl-alcohol (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzenemethanol).
SY   4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzenemethanol degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
//
ID   peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00219
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, also known as murein, a polymer
DE   consisting of sugars and amino-acids that forms a mesh-like layer
DE   outside the plasma membrane of eubacteria. The sugar component
DE   consists of alternating residues of beta-(1,4) linked
DE   N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid residues. Attached to the
DE   N-acetylmuramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino-acids.
DE   The peptide chain can be cross-linked to the peptide chain of another
DE   strand forming the 3D mesh-like layer. Some Archaea have a similar
DE   layer of pseudopeptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan serves a structural role
DE   in the bacterial cell wall, giving structural strength, as well as
DE   counteracting the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm. Peptidoglycan is
DE   also involved in binary fission during bacterial cell
DE   reproduction.[wikipedia].
SY   murein biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; SBN:0-13-144329-1.
DR   GO; GO:0009252; P:peptidoglycan biosynthetic process.
//
ID   phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00220
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol phosphate, a class of
DE   phospholipids.
SY   PIP biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
//
ID   bile acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00221
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids
DE   occurring in bile [GO].
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006699; P:bile acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   sphingolipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00222
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of sphingolipid compounds, any of a class of lipids
DE   containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related
DE   base (a sphingoid). There are three main types of sphingolipids:
DE   ceramides, sphingomyelins and glycosphingolipids.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006665; P:sphingolipid metabolic process.
//
ID   tricarboxylic acid cycle.
AC   UPA00223
CL   Pathway.
DE   The tricarboxylic acid cycle (citric acid cycle, TCA cycle, Krebs
DE   cycle, or rarely, the Szent-Gyorgyi-Krebs cycle) is a series of
DE   enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions of central importance in all
DE   living cells that use oxygen as part of cellular respiration.
SY   TCA cycle; citric acid cycle; KREBS cycle.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006099; P:tricarboxylic acid cycle.
DR   KEGG; map00020; Citrate cycle (TCA cycle).
DR   KEGG; map00072; Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00480; Glutathione metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00623; Toluene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00640; Propanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00710; Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms.
DR   KEGG; map00720; Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   tryptophan metabolism.
AC   UPA00224
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of tryptophan amino-acid.
HI   UPA00401; amino-acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006568; P:tryptophan metabolic process.
//
ID   lysine degradation.
AC   UPA00225
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of lysine amino-acid.
HI   UPA00401; amino-acid metabolism.
//
ID   Entner-Doudoroff pathway.
AC   UPA00226
CL   Pathway.
DE   Entner-Doudoroff pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate and
DE   glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate by producing 6-phosphogluconate and then
DE   dehydrating it. [GO].
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0009255; P:Entner-Doudoroff pathway.
//
ID   glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
AC   UPA00227
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glyoxylate and dicarboxylate.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
//
ID   xylene degradation.
AC   UPA00228
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of xylene, a mixture of three aromatic hydrocarbon ortho-,
DE   meta- and para-xylene.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0042184; P:xylene catabolic process.
//
ID   C21-steroid hormone metabolism.
AC   UPA00229
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of C21-steroid hormone compounds.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0008207; P:C21-steroid hormone metabolic process.
//
ID   glycerolipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00230
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glycerolipids.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046486; P:glycerolipid metabolic process.
//
ID   pyruvate metabolism.
AC   UPA00231
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of pyruvic acid, the simplest alpha-keto acid that plays an
DE   important role in biochemical processes.
SY   pyruvic acid metabolism.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006090; P:pyruvate metabolic process.
//
ID   ubiquinone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00232
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ubiquinones, lipid-soluble electron-transporting
DE   coenzymes. Ubiquinones are essential electron carrier in prokaryotes.
DE   Ubiquinones are essential molecules in aerobic organisms to achieve
DE   both, ATP synthesis and antioxidant defence.
SY   CoQ biosynthesis; coenzyme Q biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16873927.
DR   PubMed; 17033719.
DR   PubMed; 15928598.
DR   GO; GO:0006744; P:ubiquinone biosynthetic process.
//
ID   benzoate degradation via CoA ligation.
AC   UPA00233
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of benzoic acid, by its ligation to Coenzyme-A to form
DE   benzoyl-CoA.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0010128; P:benzoate catabolic process via CoA ligation.
//
ID   enniatin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00234
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of enniatin derivatives. Enniatins are N-methylated
DE   cyclohexadepsipeptides produced by various Fusarium species and with
DE   manifold biological properties (Tomoda et al. 1992 [PMID:1399840]).
DE   They are composed of alternating residues of D-2-hydroxyisovaleric
DE   acid (D-Hiv) and an N-methylated branched-chain amino-acid such as
DE   L-valine, L-leucine or L-isoleucine. The biosynthesis of enniatins is
DE   catalyzed by the multifunctional enzyme enniatin synthetase (Esyn),
DE   which belongs to the class of nonribosomal peptide synthetases
DE   (NRPSs). Enniatin belong to ionophore antibiotic class.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 1399840.
DR   PubMed; 12209259.
DR   GO; GO:0046585; P:enniatin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   pyocyanine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00235
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pyocyanin, a blue pigment produced by bacteria such as
DE   Pseudomonas spp. Pyocyanin is a redox-active phenazine compound that
DE   kills mammalian and bacterial cells through the generation of reactive
DE   oxygen intermediates. Pyocyanin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
DE   contributes to its ability to colonise the lungs of cystic fibrosis
DE   patients.
SY   pyocyanin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
//
ID   2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation.
AC   UPA00236
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 2,4-dichlorobenzoate, a chlorinated aromatic compound
DE   which is a key intermediate in the aerobic degradation of
DE   polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). [GO:0046298].
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0046298; P:2,4-dichlorobenzoate catabolic process.
//
ID   beta-glucoside metabolism.
AC   UPA00237
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of beta-glucoside compounds, glycosides in which the sugar
DE   moiety is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in
DE   a beta configuration.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
//
ID   sucrose metabolism.
AC   UPA00238
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of sucrose (or saccharose, or
DE   1-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-2-beta-D-fructofuranoside) is a is a
DE   disaccharide (glucose + fructose). In most plants, sucrose is the main
DE   product of photosynthesis that is exported from the leaves to fuel
DE   growth and synthesis of storage reserves, such as starch and oil, and
DE   sucrose itself is often accumulated by plant cells to protect against
DE   the effects of dehydration under drought, salinity, or cold stress.
DE   Apart from plants, some species of cyanobacteria also synthesize
DE   sucrose, often in response to osmotic stress.
SY   1-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-2-beta-D-fructofuranoside metabolism;
SY   saccharose metabolism.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0005985; P:sucrose metabolic process.
//
ID   quinoline degradation.
AC   UPA00239
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of quinoline, a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound,
DE   also known as 1-azanaphthalene, 1-benzazine, or benzo[b]pyridine.
DE   Quinoline is an intermediate in metallurgical processes and in dye,
DE   polymer, and agrochemical production. It is also a preservative,
DE   disinfectant, and solvent.
SY   1-azanaphthalene degradation; benzo[b]pyridine degradation;
SY   1-benzazine degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
//
ID   erythromycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00240
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of erythromycin (also known as eryth ethylsuc), a
DE   macrolide antibiotic which has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or
DE   slightly wider than that of penicillin.
SY   eryth ethylsuc biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   coenzyme A biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00241
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of coenzyme A (CoA), notable for its role in the
DE   synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate
DE   in the citric acid cycle. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step
DE   process from pantothenate.
SY   CoA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0015937; P:coenzyme A biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00770; Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd150>.
//
ID   hexose metabolism.
AC   UPA00242
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon
DE   atoms in the molecule.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019318; P:hexose metabolic process.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00244
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate, one of the de novo
DE   biosynthesis pathway. In E. coli, this pathway requires PLP as
DE   cofactor in its own synthesis.
SY   de novo vitamin B6 biosynthesis (PdxA/PdxJ pathway); PNP biosynthesis;
SY   de novo vitamin B6 biosynthesis (glutamate pathway).
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00750; Vitamin B6 metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00245
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. This pathway corresponds to
DE   one of the de novo biosynthesis pathway. The biosynthesis of PLP is
DE   performed by a complex reaction: in addition to ammonia transfer
DE   PdxS/PdxT catalyzes condensation of two phosphosugars, closure of the
DE   pyridine ring, as well as isomerase reactions for its phosphosugar
DE   substrates. The complexity of the enzyme correlates well with the
DE   strong conservation of the PdxS sequence. Contrary to the alternative
DE   PLP biosynthesis pathway (glutamate pathway), this pathway does not
DE   require PLP as cofactor in its own synthesis.
SY   de novo vitamin B6 biosynthesis (glutamine pathway); de novo vitamin
SY   B6 biosynthesis (PdxS/PdxT pathway); de novo vitaminB6  biosynthesis
SY   (PDX1/PDX2 pathway); PLP biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042823; P:pyridoxal phosphate biosynthetic process.
//
ID   pentose and glucuronate interconversion.
AC   UPA00246
CL   Pathway.
DE   Pentose and glucuronate interconversion pathway.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00247
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 4-aminobutanoate (GABA).
SY   4-aminobutyrate biosynthesis; gamma-aminobutyrate biosynthesis; GABA
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009449; P:gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   spermidine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00248
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of spermidine by the addition of a propylamine moiety to
DE   putrescine.
SY   N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butane-diamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0008295; P:spermidine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00480; Glutathione metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba0d0>.
//
ID   spermine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00249
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of spermine by the addition of a propylamine moiety to
DE   spermidine.
SY   N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butanediamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15459188.
DR   GO; GO:0006597; P:spermine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00410; beta-Alanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00480; Glutathione metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba2d0>.
//
ID   spermidine degradation.
AC   UPA00250
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of permidine polyamine.
SY   N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butane-diamine degradation.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16849793.
DR   GO; GO:0046203; P:spermidine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
//
ID   protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00251
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of protoporphyrin-IX, a porphyrin derivative precursor of
DE   heme and chlorphyll compounds.
HI   UPA00677; porphyrin metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006782; P:protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00860; Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   protoheme biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00252
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of proteoheme (heme B) from protoporphyrin IX.
SY   heme B biosynthesis; protoheme IX biosynthesis; haem B biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00677; porphyrin metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00860; Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   NAD(+) biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00253
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), a coenzyme
DE   found in all living cells. NAD+ is a dinucleotide, since it consists
DE   of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups: with one
DE   nucleotide containing an adenosine ring, and the other containing
DE   nicotinamide.
SY   nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 14592712.
DR   PubMed; 12496312.
DR   PubMed; 16698895.
DR   GO; GO:0009435; P:NAD biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00380; Tryptophan metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00760; Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   L-arginine degradation via ADI pathway.
AC   UPA00254
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-arginine via ADI (arginine deiminase) pathway. In
DE   this pathway, L-arginine is converted into ornithine and carbamoyl-
DE   phosphate. Carbamoyl-phosphate is further converted into ammonia and
DE   CO2 with the concomitant production of ATP. This last part is
DE   described as an independant pathway.
SY   arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 15006749.
DR   PubMed; 16385025.
DR   PubMed; 12399499.
DR   PubMed; 12406748.
DR   GO; GO:0019547; P:arginine catabolic process to ornithine.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   stachydrine degradation.
AC   UPA00255
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of stachydrine, the betaine derivative of proline.
SY   N-methylproline methylbetaine degradation.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   PubMed; 9758825.
DR   GO; GO:0019504; P:stachydrine catabolic process.
//
ID   triacylglycerol degradation.
AC   UPA00256
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of triacylglycerol (triacylglyceride, triglyceride, TAG).
DE   Triacylglycerol is a glyceride in which the glycerol is esterified
DE   with three fatty acids. It is the main constituent of vegetable oil
DE   and animal fats.
SY   triglyceride degradation; TAG degradation; triglyceride lipolysis;
SY   triacylglyceride degradation.
HI   UPA00230; glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019433; P:triglyceride catabolic process.
//
ID   (R)-mevalonate degradation.
AC   UPA00257
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of mevalonic acid, a key metabolic intermediate.
SY   mevalonate degradation.
HI   UPA00496; metabolic intermediate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   urea degradation.
AC   UPA00258
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of urea.
HI   UPA00045; nitrogen metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0043419; P:urea catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00791; Atrazine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   geranyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00259
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of geranyl-PP (geranyl diphosphate).
SY   geranyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis; geranyl-PP biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0033384; P:geranyl diphosphate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   farnesyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00260
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of farnesyl-PP (farnesyl diphosphate).
SY   trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate biosynthesis; farnesyl pyrophosphate
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045337; P:farnesyl diphosphate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   L-proline degradation into L-glutamate.
AC   UPA00261
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-proline into L-glutamic acid throught two-step
DE   oxidation of proline. Enteric bacteria possess a multifunctional
DE   flavoprotein, called proline utilization A (PutA), that acts as both a
DE   membrane-associated proline catabolic enzyme and a transcriptional
DE   repressor of proline utilization (put) genes. .
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 12514740.
DR   PubMed; 17001030.
DR   GO; GO:0010133; P:proline catabolic process to glutamate.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   siroheme biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00262
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of siroheme, the cofactor for sulfite and nitrite
DE   reductases. Siroheme is formed by methylation, oxidation, and iron
DE   insertion into the tetrapyrrole uroporphyrinogen III (Uro-III).
SY   sirohaem biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00677; porphyrin metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11114933.
DR   PubMed; 14595395.
DR   PubMed; 12408752.
DR   GO; GO:0019354; P:siroheme biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00860; Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   L-ascorbate degradation.
AC   UPA00263
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The three gene ulaABC
DE   (formerly known as sgaTBA) encode the three components of the
DE   L-ascorbate phosphotransferase transport system (UlaABC). They are
DE   involved in the uptake and phosphorylation of L-ascorbate
DE   [PMID:12644495. Intracellular L-ascorbate-6-P is then transformed by
DE   L-ascorbate-6-P lactonase into 3-keto-L-gulonate-6-P. It has been
DE   proposed that this compound is decarboxylated by UlaD to
DE   L-xylulose-5-P, which is then converted to D-xylulose-5-P by the
DE   sequential actions of UlaE (encoding 3-epimerase activity) and UlaF
DE   (encoding 4-epimerase activity).
SY   L-ascorbic acid degradation; vitamin C degradation.
HI   UPA00483; cofactor degradation.
DR   PubMed; 12644495.
DR   PubMed; 14996803.
DR   GO; GO:0019854; P:L-ascorbic acid catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   1,2-dichloroethane degradation.
AC   UPA00265
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA). The greatest use of
DE   1,2-dichloroethane is in making chemicals involved in plastics, rubber
DE   and synthetic textile fibers. Other uses include: as a solvent for
DE   resins and fats, photography, photocopying, cosmetics, drugs; and as a
DE   fumigant for grains and orchards. It is possibly carcinogenic to
DE   humans (Group 2B).
SY   1,2-DCA degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0019260; P:1,2-dichloroethane catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00361; Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00625; Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba150>.
//
ID   iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00266
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of iron-sulfur [Fe-S] cluster. Iron-sulfur [Fe-S]
DE   clusters are ubiquitous and evolutionary ancient prosthetic groups
DE   that are required to sustain fundamental life processes. Owing to
DE   their remarkable structural plasticity and versatile
DE   chemical/electronic features [Fe-S] clusters participate in electron
DE   transfer, substrate binding/activation, iron/sulfur storage,
DE   regulation of gene expression, and enzyme activity. Formation of
DE   intracellular [Fe-S] clusters does not occur spontaneously but
DE   requires a complex biosynthetic machinery. Three different types of
DE   [Fe-S] cluster biosynthetic systems have been discovered, and all of
DE   them are mechanistically unified by the requirement for a cysteine
DE   desulfurase and the participation of an [Fe-S] cluster scaffolding
DE   protein. [PMID:15952888].
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15952888.
//
ID   trichothecene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00267
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of trichothecenes, a group of sesquiterpenes produced by
DE   various Fusarium species like F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F.
DE   poae or F. equiseti.
HI   UPA00449; sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
//
ID   bluish-green pigment biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00268
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bluish-green pigment. Bluish-green pigment is produced
DE   by Aspergillus fumigatus, a filamentous fungus (an important
DE   opportunistic pathogen that primarily affects immunocompromised
DE   patients). Conidial pigmentation of A. fumigatus significantly
DE   influences its virulence in a murine model.
HI   UPA00499; pigment biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9383199.
DR   PubMed; 10515939.
//
ID   heme A biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00269
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of heme A, a prosthetic group in many respiratory
DE   oxidases. It is synthesised from heme B (protoheme IX) with heme O as
DE   an intermediate. In Bacillus subtilis two genes required for heme A
DE   synthesis, ctaA and ctaB, have been identified. CtaB is the heme O
DE   synthase and CtaA is involved in the conversion of heme O to heme A.
DE   The model described by Brown et al. [PMID:10675592] is that Heme O
DE   Synthase (HOS) and Heme A Synthase (HAS) form a complex and that heme
DE   O is transferred directly from HOS to HAS. The biochemical reactions
DE   are not yet clearly defined.
HI   UPA00677; porphyrin metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15491161.
DR   PubMed; 10675592.
DR   PubMed; 16321940.
DR   PubMed; 16156667.
DR   GO; GO:0006784; P:heme a biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00860; Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   quinolate metabolism.
AC   UPA00270
CL   Pathway.
DE   metabolism of quinolinate (quinolinic acid), a potent endogenous
DE   excitotoxin of neuronal cells. Elevation of quinolinate levels in the
DE   brain has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various
DE   neurodegenerative disorders, the so-called 'quinolinate hypothesis.'
DE   Quinolinate is non- enzymatically derived from alpha-amino-beta-
DE   carboxymuconate-epsilon- semialdehyde (ACMS). ACMS decarboxylase
DE   (ACMSD) is the only known enzyme that can process ACMS to a begnin
DE   catabolite and thus prevent the accumulation of quinolinate from ACMS.
DE   ACMSD seems to be regulated by nutritional and hormonal signals, but
DE   its molecular mechanism has, to date, been largely unknown.
DE   [PMID:12140278].
SY   quinolinic acid metabolism.
HI   UPA00465; secondary metabolite metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 12140278.
DR   PubMed; 17288562.
DR   PubMed; 15206762.
//
ID   ommochrome biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00271
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ommochrome (brown eye pigment). Ommochrome (or visual
DE   pigment) refers to several biological pigments that occur in the eyes
DE   of crustaceans and insects. The eye color is determined by the
DE   ommochromes. Ommochromes are also found in the chromatophores of
DE   cephalopods, and in spiders. Ommochromes are metabolites of
DE   tryptophan, via kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine. They are
DE   responsible for a wide variety of colors, ranging from yellow over red
DE   and brown to black. Lighter colors tend to be generated by ommatins,
DE   while mixtures of ommatin and ommins are responsible for darker
DE   colors.
SY   brown eye pigment.
HI   UPA00499; pigment biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006727; P:ommochrome biosynthetic process.
//
ID   benzene degradation.
AC   UPA00272
CL   Pathway.
DE   Oxidation of benzene to catechol via cis-benzene glycol (cis-1,2
DE   -dihydroxy-cyclohexa-3,5-diene, cis-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol). The
DE   conversion of benzene to catechol is performed in two steps catalyzed
DE   by benzene dioxygenase and cis-benzene glycol dehydrogenase. Benzene
DE   dioxygenase, catalyzing the oxidation of benzene to cis-benzene
DE   glycol, is a multicomponent enzyme system.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 3667527.
DR   PubMed; 8344526.
DR   KEGG; map00361; Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   toluene degradation.
AC   UPA00273
CL   Pathway.
DE   Oxidation of toluene to 3-methylcatechol via toluene-cis dihydrodiol.
SY   methylbenzene degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0042203; P:toluene catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00623; Toluene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   creatinine degradation.
AC   UPA00274
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of creatinine (1-methylglycocyamidine). Creatinine is a
DE   readily available nitrogen source found in the faeces of different
DE   animals, including earthworms and birds. A number of bacteria
DE   utilizing this compound as carbon and/or nitrogen source has already
DE   been described for example, Alcaligenes, Arthrobacter,
DE   Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, and Pseudomonas species.
SY   1-methylglycocyamidine degradation.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   PubMed; 10893433.
DR   PubMed; 15148566.
DR   PubMed; 1381445.
DR   GO; GO:0006602; P:creatinine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   riboflavin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00275
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of riboflavin (vitamin B2), the universal precursor of
DE   flavocoenzymes. It is biosynthesized by plants and many microorganisms
DE   but must be obtained from dietary sources by animals.
SY   vitamin B2 biosynthesis; vitamin G biosynthesis; E101 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16010344.
DR   PubMed; 16607521.
DR   PubMed; 11153262.
DR   PubMed; 16923880.
DR   GO; GO:0009231; P:riboflavin biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00740; Riboflavin metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   FMN biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00276
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of FMN (riboflavin-5-phosphate) cofactor.
SY   riboflavin-5-phosphate biosynthesis; flavin mononucleotide
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009398; P:FMN biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00740; Riboflavin metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd110>.
//
ID   FAD biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00277
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide).
SY   flavin adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006747; P:FAD biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00740; Riboflavin metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   betalain biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00278
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of batalains, a class of red and yellow indole-derived
DE   pigments found in plants.
HI   UPA00499; pigment biosynthesis.
//
ID   bile acid degradation.
AC   UPA00279
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids
DE   occurring in bile [GO].
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0030573; P:bile acid catabolic process.
//
ID   N-glycan degradation.
AC   UPA00280
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of asparagine (N)-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans).
SY   N-linked oligosaccharide degradation.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   LPS O-antigen biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00281
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of O-antigen, the polysaccharide side chain of
DE   lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules. The composition of the O side
DE   chain varies between different gram-negative bacterial strains. O side
DE   chains are easily recognized by the antibodies of the host, however,
DE   the nature of the chain can easily be modified by Gram-negative
DE   bacteria to avoid detection.
SY   lipopolysaccharide O-antigen biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009243; P:O antigen biosynthetic process.
//
ID   triacylglycerol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00282
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of triacylglycerol (triacylglyceride, triglyceride, TAG).
DE   Triacylglycerol is glyceride in which the glycerol is esterified with
DE   three fatty acids. It is the main constituent of vegetable oil and
DE   animal fats.
SY   TAG biosyntheis; triglyceride biosynthesis; triacylglyceride
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00230; glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019432; P:triglyceride biosynthetic process.
//
ID   germacradienol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00283
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the sesquiterponoid germacradienol
DE   ((1E,4S,5E,7R)-germacra-1(10),5-dien-11-ol). .
SY   (1E,4S,5E,7R)-germacra-1(10),5-dien-11-ol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00449; sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00909; Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   LOS oligosaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00284
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide component of lipooligosaccharide
DE   (LOS).
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
//
ID   germacrene D biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00285
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the sesquiterponoid germacrene D.
HI   UPA00449; sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00909; Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   alginate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00286
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of alginate, an hydrophilic exopolysaccharide produced by
DE   brown seaweeds an some bacteria. There is a strong correlation of
DE   alginate production with patients suffering from the disease cystic
DE   fibrosis caused by some pathogen bacteria (Pseudomonas, Azopbacter).
DE   Chemically, alginate is a linear copolymer with homopolymeric blocks
DE   of (1-4)-linked beta-D-mannuronate (M) and its C-5 epimer
DE   alpha-L-guluronate (G) residues, respectively, covalently linked
DE   together in different sequences.
SY   alginic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042121; P:alginic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   aflatoxin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00287
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of aflatoxin, a family of acutely toxic, teratogenic,
DE   potent carcinogenic, and mutagenic metabolites produced by certain
DE   strains of common molds Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. .
HI   UPA00478; mycotoxin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15006741.
DR   PubMed; 15022028.
DR   PubMed; 19537208.
DR   PubMed; 16349476.
DR   GO; GO:0045122; P:aflatoxin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   glycine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00288
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glycine amino-acid.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006545; P:glycine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00460; Cyanoamino acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00670; One carbon pool by folate.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd250>.
//
ID   choline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00290
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of choline.
SY   bilineurine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042425; P:choline biosynthetic process.
//
ID   betaine degradation.
AC   UPA00291
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of betaine (trimethylaminoacetate,
DE   N,N,N-trimethylglycine).
SY   N,N,N-trimethylglycine degradation; glycine betaine degradation;
SY   trimethylaminoacetate degradation.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006579; P:betaine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   sarcosine degradation.
AC   UPA00292
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of sarcosine.
SY   N-methylglycine degradation.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   D-ribose 5-phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00293
CL   Pathway.
DE   Ribose-5-phosphate is generally assumed to arise via the oxidative and
DE   nonoxidative pentose phosphate pathways. In some archaea, ribulose
DE   monophosphate (RuMP) pathway may be functioning as an alternate route
DE   to ribose-5-phosphate. Grochowski et al [PMID: 16237021] showed
DE   experimentally that that in M. jannaschii, ribose-5-phosphate is
DE   produced exclusively via the RuMP pathway and that these cells do not
DE   appear to operate a pentose phosphate pathway.
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10648518.
DR   PubMed; 16237021.
//
ID   formaldehyde assimilation via RuMP pathway.
AC   UPA00294
CL   Pathway.
DE   Formaldehyde is the key intermediate in C1 metabolism and can be
DE   assimilated via the ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) pathway. The
DE   ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) pathway, involving
DE   3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase (HPS) and 6-phospho-3-hexuloisomerase
DE   (PHI), is now recognized as a widespread prokaryotic pathway for
DE   formaldehyde fixation and detoxification. The RuMP pathways consists
DE   of three main parts: i) fixation, ii) cleavage and iii) rearrangement.
DE   i) Fixation stage: formaldehyde and ribulose-5-phosphate (RuMP) are
DE   condensed to form hexulose-6-phosphate (HuMP), which in turn is
DE   converted to fructose-6-phosphate (FMP) by hexulosephosphate isomerase
DE   (HPI). By the assimilation of three formaldehyde molecules, three
DE   molecules of FMP are created. .
SY   formaldehyde assimilation via ribulose monophosphate cycle; RuMP
SY   cycle; ribulose monophosphate pathway.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 16788179.
DR   GO; GO:0019647; P:formaldehyde assimilation via ribulose monophosphate
DR   cycle.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   cholesterol metabolism.
AC   UPA00296
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of cholesterol.
HI   UPA00504; steroid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0008203; P:cholesterol metabolic process.
//
ID   dicyanocobinamide salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00297
CL   Pathway.
DE   Regarding Woodson ate al [PMID:14990804] prokaryotes have evolved at
DE   least two distinct pathways for salvaging the precursor cobinamide
DE   (Cbi) from the environment. Both pathways accomplish the same goal,
DE   which is to convert AdoCbi (adenosylcobinamide) to AdoCbi-P, a true
DE   intermediate of the de novo biosynthetic pathway. .
SY   cobinamide salvage pathway; Cbi salvage pathway.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 14990804.
//
ID   trehalose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00299
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of trehalose, also known as mycose, a disaccharide found
DE   extensively but not abundantly in nature. It can be synthesised by
DE   fungi, plants and invertebrate animals. It is implicated in
DE   anhydrobiosis - the ability of plants and animals to withstand
DE   prolonged periods of desiccation.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0005992; P:trehalose biosynthetic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e90>.
//
ID   trehalose degradation.
AC   UPA00300
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of trehalose, also known as mycose, a disaccharide found
DE   extensively but not abundantly in nature. Trehalose is metabolized by
DE   a number of bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, the common oral
DE   bacteria responsible for oral plaque. The enzyme trehalase, a
DE   glycoside hydrolase, present but not abundant in most people, breaks
DE   trehalose into two glucose molecules, which can then be readily
DE   absorbed in the gut.
HI   UPA00442; glycan degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0005993; P:trehalose catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00500; Starch and sucrose metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b90>.
//
ID   LPS oligosaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00301
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of inner core oligosaccharide, a component of
DE   lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules. Core oligosaccharide contains
DE   unusual sugars (e.g. KDO, keto-deoxyoctulonate and heptulose). It
DE   contains two glucosamine sugar derivatives each containing three fatty
DE   acids with phosphate or pyrophosphate attached. The core
DE   polysaccharide is attached to lipid A, which is also in part
DE   responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative bacteria.
SY   LPS inner core oligosaccharide biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00030; lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11371519.
//
ID   atropine degradation.
AC   UPA00303
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of atropine, a tropan alkaloid.
SY   DL-hyoscyamine degradation.
HI   UPA00447; alkaloid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16736160.
//
ID   (S)-reticuline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00306
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of (S)-reticuline, an important intermediate in
DE   synthesizing isoquinoline alkaloids. Reticuline is an important
DE   intermediate in the production of analgesic morphinan alkaloids (e.g.
DE   morphine), antimicrobial berberine alkaloids (e.g. berberine), and
DE   antimicrobial benzophenanthridine alkaloids (e.g. sanguinarine).
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10811648.
DR   KEGG; map00950; Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   palmatine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00307
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of palmatine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12423366.
DR   KEGG; map00950; Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.
//
ID   berbamunine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00308
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of berbamunine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12423366.
DR   KEGG; map00950; Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.
//
ID   violacein biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00309
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of violacein, a deep violet pigment produced by
DE   Chromobacterium violaceum. The low solubility of violacein in water
DE   and the high molar extinction coefficient in methanol lead Antonio and
DE   Creczynski-Pasa [PMID:15100990] to suppose that it is involved in
DE   protection against visible radiation, since C.violaceum bacterium is
DE   widely found in the water and soil of tropical and subtropical areas
DE   of the world. .
HI   UPA00499; pigment biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17396254.
DR   PubMed; 16874749.
DR   PubMed; 15100990.
//
ID   ajmaline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00310
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ajmaline, an antiarrhythmic monoterpenoid indole
DE   alkaloid. The ajmaline biosynthetic pathway expressed in the medicinal
DE   plant Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz. The pathway originates
DE   from rather simple precursors such as tryptamine on one side, and the
DE   monoterpenoid glucoside secologanin on the other side.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16874388.
DR   PubMed; 12071952.
DR   PubMed; 11937349.
//
ID   3alpha(S)-strictosidine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00311
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 3-alpha-(S)-strictosidine, an important intermediate
DE   in synthesizing indole alkaloids. Strictosidine is is a common
DE   biosynthetic precursor for more than two thousand terpene indole
DE   alkaloids (e.g production of clinically useful antitumor alkaloids
DE   vinblastine and vincristine).
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 7763429.
DR   PubMed; 17113995.
DR   KEGG; map00901; Indole alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   nucleotide salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00312
CL   Pathway.
DE   Any process which produces a nucleotide, a compound consisting of a
DE   nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an
DE   oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety, from
DE   derivatives of it without de novo synthesis. [GO].
HI   UPA00486; nucleotide metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8805514.
DR   GO; GO:0043173; P:nucleotide salvage.
//
ID   pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism.
AC   UPA00313
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of pyrimidine nucleotides.
HI   UPA00486; nucleotide metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006220; P:pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process.
//
ID   L-homocysteine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00314
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of homocysteine, the precursor of L-methionine, from
DE   S-adenosylhomocysteine. This reaction occurs during the activated
DE   methyl cycle.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   S-adenosyl-L-methionine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00315
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM, AdoMet). Conversion of
DE   L-methionine and ATP into S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet, SAM), which
DE   is required for methyltransferase reactions in the cell as well as for
DE   polyamine biosynthesis. This reaction occurs during the activated
DE   methyl cycle.
SY   AdoMet biosynthesis; SAM biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006556; P:S-adenosylmethionine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd110>.
//
ID   morphine degradation.
AC   UPA00317
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of morphine, an isoquinolin alkaloid.
HI   UPA00447; alkaloid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 2012614.
//
ID   codeine degradation.
AC   UPA00318
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of codeine, an isoquinolin alkaloid.
HI   UPA00447; alkaloid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 2012614.
//
ID   (S)-scoulerine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00319
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of scoulerine, an isoquinoline alkaloid. Scoulerine is is
DE   a precursor of protopine, protoberberine and benzophenanthridine
DE   alkaloid biosynthesis in plants. Some studies shown that scoulerine is
DE   an antagonist at the alpha-2-adrenoceptor, alpha-1D-adrenoceptor and
DE   5-HT receptor [PMID:7902181] [PMID:7952879]. It has also been found to
DE   be a GABA-A receptor agonist [PMID:14577695] [PMID:12709895].
SY   aequaline biosynthesis; discretamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12709895.
DR   PubMed; 14577695.
DR   PubMed; 7902181.
DR   PubMed; 7952879.
DR   PubMed; 1946465.
DR   KEGG; map00950; Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   C3 acid pathway.
AC   UPA00321
CL   Pathway.
DE   C3 acid pathway is one of the three carbon fixation pathway.
HI   UPA00091; photosynthesis.
//
ID   C4 acid pathway.
AC   UPA00322
CL   Pathway.
DE   C4 acid pathway is one of the three carbon fixation pathway.
HI   UPA00091; photosynthesis.
//
ID   CAM pathway.
AC   UPA00323
CL   Pathway.
DE   Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) pathway is one of the three carbon
DE   fixation pathway.
SY   Crassulacean Acid Metabolism.
HI   UPA00091; photosynthesis.
//
ID   DNA replication.
AC   UPA00326
CL   Pathway.
DE   The process whereby new strands of DNA are synthesized. The template
DE   for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA. [GO].
HI   UPA00485; genetic information processing.
DR   GO; GO:0006260; P:DNA replication.
//
ID   ergot alkaloid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00327
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ergot alkaloids.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15870460.
//
ID   secologanin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00328
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of secologanin, the precursor of the monoterpenoid indole
DE   alkaloids and ipecac alkaloids.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
//
ID   pyrrolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00329
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. ipecac alkaloids.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10611289.
//
ID   tropane alkaloid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00330
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tropane alkaloids.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009710; P:tropane alkaloid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   S-adenosylmethioninamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00331
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethioninamine, a precursor of spermine and
DE   spermidine polyamines, from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet, SAM).
SY   S-adenosyl-L-methioninamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006557; P:S-adenosylmethioninamine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e10>.
//
ID   L-tryptophan degradation via pyruvate pathway.
AC   UPA00332
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of amino-acid L-tryptophan into pyruvate and indole. Among
DE   the multiple products of tryptophan catabolism, indole is suspected to
DE   be responsible for the cell-cycle arrest and to add a role in
DE   stationary-phase signalling [PMID:17163965].
SY   2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid degradation; (S)-alpha-amino-
SY   beta-(3-indolyl)-propionic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 11479034.
DR   PubMed; 17163965.
DR   KEGG; map00380; Tryptophan metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba4d0>.
//
ID   L-tryptophan degradation via kynurenine pathway.
AC   UPA00333
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of amino-acid L-tryptophan into L-kynurenine.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 18282734.
DR   GO; GO:0019441; P:tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine.
DR   KEGG; map00380; Tryptophan metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba4d0>.
//
ID   L-kynurenine degradation.
AC   UPA00334
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-kynurenine, a metabolite of L-tryptophan amino-acid.
SY   3-anthraniloyl-L-alanine degradation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00380; Tryptophan metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   [NiFe] hydrogenase maturation.
AC   UPA00335
CL   Pathway.
DE   Maturation of [NiFe] hydrogenase, one of the three hydrogenase class
DE   with an active site based on nickel and iron.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 18065529.
DR   PubMed; 17216401.
//
ID   taurine degradation via aerobic pathway.
AC   UPA00336
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), an organic acid
DE   that is abundant in the tissues of many animals (metazoa). Taurine is
DE   also found in plants, fungi, and some bacterial species, but at lower
DE   levels. Taurine is a derivative of the sulphur-containing (sulfhydryl)
DE   amino-acid, cysteine.
SY   2-aminoethanesulfonic acid degradation via aerobic pathway.
HI   UPA00522; organosulfur degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00430; Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   hopanoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00337
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of hopanoids, pentacyclic compounds similar to sterols,
DE   whose primary function is to improve plasma membrane fluidity in
DE   prokaryotes.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019746; P:hopanoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   alkanesulfonate degradation.
AC   UPA00338
CL   Pathway.
DE   In the absence of sulfate, a number of yeasts can use alkanesulfonates
DE   (aliphatic sulfonates), such as taurine, cysteate, and isethionate, as
DE   alternative sulfur sources. Sulfonate utilization by Saccharomyces
DE   cerevisiae occurs only under aerobic conditions, is independent of
DE   sulfate-utilizing enzymes, and requires sulfite reductase, consistent
DE   with the formation of sulfite prior to assimilation. .
SY   aliphatic sulfonate degradation.
HI   UPA00522; organosulfur degradation.
DR   PubMed; 10482536.
DR   GO; GO:0046306; P:alkanesulfonate catabolic process.
//
ID   mannose metabolism.
AC   UPA00339
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of the aldohexose mannose (the C-2 epimer of glucose). The
DE   D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is
DE   of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked
DE   oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. [GO].
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006013; P:mannose metabolic process.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00340
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of acetyl-CoA, an important molecule in metabolism, used
DE   in many biochemical reactions.
HI   UPA00415; metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006085; P:acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00410; beta-Alanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00430; Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00640; Propanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00720; Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   hyaluronan biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00341
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of hyaluronan, a non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan.
DE   Hyaluronan is synthesized by a class of integral membrane proteins
DE   called hyaluronan synthases. Vertebrates have three types: HAS1, HAS2,
DE   and HAS3. These enzymes lengthen hyaluronan by repeatedly adding
DE   glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine to the nascent polysaccharide.
SY   hyaluronic acid biosynthesis; hyaluronate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0030213; P:hyaluronan biosynthetic process.
//
ID   N-acetylmuramate degradation.
AC   UPA00342
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of N-acetylmuramic acid, an amino-sugar.
SY   MurNAc degradation.
HI   UPA00216; amino-sugar metabolism.
//
ID   1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramate degradation.
AC   UPA00343
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of anhydro-N-acetylmuramate, an amino-sugar.
SY   anhMurNAc degradation.
HI   UPA00216; amino-sugar metabolism.
//
ID   molybdopterin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00344
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of molybdopterin, an essential cofactor for the catalytic
DE   activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine
DE   dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a
DE   mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion
DE   (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.
DE   [GO:0032324].
SY   Mo-pterin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
//
ID   polypeptide chain elongation.
AC   UPA00345
CL   Pathway.
DE   Elongation stage in protein biosynthesis.
SY   protein elongation.
HI   UPA00458; protein biosynthesis.
//
ID   dibenzothiophene degradation.
AC   UPA00346
CL   Pathway.
DE   Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) into 2-hydroxybiphenyl
DE   (2-HBP). .
SY   2-hydroxybiphenyl biosynthesis; DBT desulfurization; 2-HBP
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00096; sulfur metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 7574582.
DR   GO; GO:0018896; P:dibenzothiophene catabolic process.
//
ID   2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoate degradation.
AC   UPA00348
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoate (dichlorprop, 2,4-DP),
DE   a chlorinated phenoxy herbicid.
SY   dichlorprop degradation; 2,4-DP degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 12501996.
//
ID   chitin degradation.
AC   UPA00349
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of chitin, a glycan composed of beta-1,4-linked
DE   N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, into N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
SY   Dichlorprop degradation; 2,4-DP degradation.
HI   UPA00442; glycan degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006032; P:chitin catabolic process.
//
ID   beta-D-glucan degradation.
AC   UPA00350
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of beta-D-glucan.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   L-glutamate degradation.
AC   UPA00351
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-glutamate amino-acid.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 4813895.
DR   PubMed; 11759672.
DR   GO; GO:0006538; P:glutamate catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba3d0>.
//
ID   carbohydrate sulfation.
AC   UPA00353
CL   Pathway.
DE   Sulfation is a critical modification in many instances of biological
DE   recognition.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
//
ID   eIF5A hypusination.
AC   UPA00354
CL   Pathway.
DE   Post-translational modification of archaea and eukaryotic translation
DE   initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), by covalent binding of hypusine to a
DE   lysine residue. Hypusine (N epsilon-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)lysine) is
DE   a polyamine-derived amino-acid. The biosynthesis of hypusine occurs
DE   posttranslationally by modification of a single lysine residue.
DE   Translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), highly conserved throughout
DE   eukaryotes and some archaea, is the only known cellular protein to
DE   contain the unique polyamine-derived amino-acid hypusine. The name
DE   hypusine reflects the composition of this amino-acid, a combination of
DE   hydroxyputrescine and lysine. The unique feature of the hypusine
DE   modification is the strict specificity of the enzymes toward its
DE   substrate protein, eIF5A. Hypusine is formed in a novel
DE   posttranslational modification that involves two enzymes,
DE   deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH).
DE   [PMID:16452303; PMID:17476569].
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 17476569.
DR   PubMed; 17213197.
DR   PubMed; 16452303.
//
ID   coenzyme M biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00355
CL   Pathway.
DE   De novo biosynthesis of coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid, HS-
DE   CoM). Warning, this pathway is not fully defined, the last part of the
DE   pathway is still missing.
SY   HS-CoM biosynthesis; 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate biosynthesis; de novo
SY   coenzyme M biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019295; P:coenzyme M biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00356
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose
DE   (ADP-L-beta-D-heptose), a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core
DE   lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose
DE   7-phosphate.
SY   ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis; ADP-L-beta-D-heptose
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12101286.
DR   PubMed; 11751812.
DR   PubMed; 16030223.
DR   KEGG; map00540; Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00357
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (KDO, keto-
DE   deoxyoctulonate). In general, KDO residues are normally found in the
DE   lipopolysaccharide inner core of gram-negative bacteria, but in K.
DE   pneumoniae, this KDO residue provides the ligation site for O
DE   polysaccharide. The conserved Klebsiella outer core contains the
DE   unusual trisaccharide 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid
DE   (Kdo)-(2,6)-GlcN-(1,4)-GalUA. lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
SY   KDO biosynthesis; keto-deoxyoctulonate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16159798.
DR   KEGG; map00540; Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00358
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (CMP-KDO, CMP-keto-
DE   deoxyoctulonate), a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core
DE   lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
SY   CMP-keto-deoxyoctulonate biosynthesis; CMP-KDO biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00540; Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00359
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lipid IV(A), the endotoxically inactive LPS lipid A
DE   precursor. Lipid A is one of the three components of
DE   lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It contains unusual fatty acids (e.g.
DE   hydroxy-myristic acid) and is inserted into the outer membrane while
DE   the rest of the LPS projects from the surface. Lipid A, the potent
DE   macrophage-activating component primarily responsible for LPS
DE   endotoxin activity, is a phosphorylated glucosamine disaccharide
DE   carrying long-chain saturated fatty acid (FA) substituents that anchor
DE   LPS in the outer membrane. Lipid A is similar for all Gram-negative
DE   Enterobacteriaceae, and synthetic lipid A produces effects identical
DE   to that isolated from Escherichia coli in both in vitro and in vivo
DE   endotoxin tests.
SY   2,3,2',3'-tetrakis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-g
SY   lucosamine 1,4'-bis(dihydrogen phosphate) biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00506; glycolipid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17163638.
DR   KEGG; map00540; Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   KDO(2)-lipid A biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00360
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of KDO(2)-lipid A, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component.
SY   di[3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonyl]-lipid A biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00506; glycolipid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00540; Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   D-allose degradation.
AC   UPA00361
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-allose, an all-cis hexose utilized by some bacteria
DE   (Aerobacter aerogenes, E. coli, etc). D-allose is converted into
DE   fructose 6-phosphate.
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0019316; P:D-allose catabolic process.
//
ID   L-valine degradation.
AC   UPA00362
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-valine, one of the three main branched chain amino-
DE   acids (BCAAs), along with L-leucine and L-isoleucine. In plants,
DE   branched-chain amino-acids are synthesized in chloroplasts, whereas
DE   the degradation takes place in mitochondria.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006574; P:valine catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c50>.
//
ID   L-leucine degradation.
AC   UPA00363
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-leucine, one of the three main branched chain amino-
DE   acids (BCAAs), along with L-valine and L-isoleucine. In plants,
DE   branched-chain amino-acids are synthesized in chloroplasts, whereas
DE   the degradation takes place in mitochondria.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006552; P:leucine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00290; Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00966; Glucosinolate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd150>.
//
ID   L-isoleucine degradation.
AC   UPA00364
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-isoleucine, one of the three main branched chain
DE   amino-acids (BCAAs), along with L-valine and L-leucine. In plants,
DE   branched-chain amino-acids are synthesized in chloroplasts, whereas
DE   the degradation takes place in mitochondria.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0006550; P:isoleucine catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c10>.
//
ID   vindoline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00365
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of vindoline, an indole alkaloid, precursor of
DE   vinblastine and vincristine.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15200179.
DR   PubMed; 16262708.
DR   KEGG; map00901; Indole alkaloid biosynthesis.
//
ID   thiocyanate degradation.
AC   UPA00366
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of thiocyanate to carbonyl sulfide and ammonia.
HI   UPA00522; organosulfur degradation.
DR   PubMed; 17222425.
DR   GO; GO:0046265; P:thiocyanate catabolic process.
//
ID   testosterone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00367
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of testosterone, a steroid hormone from the androgen
DE   group. Testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and
DE   the ovaries of females although small amounts are secreted by the
DE   adrenal glands. .
HI   UPA00435; hormone biosynthesis.
//
ID   tabtoxinine-beta-lactam biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00369
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tabtoxinine-beta-lactam, an irreversible inhibitor of
DE   glutamine synthetase produced by several pathovars of Pseudomonas
DE   syringae.
HI   UPA00477; phytotoxin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 2881927.
DR   PubMed; 8990304.
DR   PubMed; 16495645.
//
ID   sulfite reduction.
AC   UPA00370
CL   Pathway.
DE   Sulfite reduction aims at producing hydrogen sulfide from sulfite.
HI   UPA00096; sulfur metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 1704886.
//
ID   sucrose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00371
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of sucrose (saccharose,
DE   1-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-2-beta-D-fructofuranoside), a disaccharide
DE   composed of glucose and fructose. In most plants, sucrose is the main
DE   product of photosynthesis that is exported from the leaves to fuel
DE   growth and synthesis of storage reserves, such as starch and oil, and
DE   sucrose itself is often accumulated by plant cells to protect against
DE   the effects of dehydration under drought, salinity, or cold stress.
DE   Apart from plants, some species of cyanobacteria also synthesize
DE   sucrose, often in response to osmotic stress.
SY   1-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-2-beta-D-fructofuranoside biosynthesis;
SY   saccharose biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0005986; P:sucrose biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00500; Starch and sucrose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00372
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene (resveratrol), a phytoalexin
DE   produced by several plants.
SY   resveratrol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00421; phytoalexin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16885328.
DR   KEGG; map00130; Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00360; Phenylalanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00940; Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00945; Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   pinosylvin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00373
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pinosylvin, a pre-infectious stilbenoid toxin.
DE   Pinosylvin is synthesized prior to infection, contrary to phytoalexins
DE   which are synthesized during infection. It is present in the heart-
DE   wood of Pineceal. It is a fungitoxin protecting the wood from fungal
DE   infection.
HI   UPA00421; phytoalexin biosynthesis.
//
ID   hydropinosylvin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00374
CL   Pathway.
DE   Dihydropinosylvin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00421; phytoalexin biosynthesis.
//
ID   wybutosine-tRNA(Phe) biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00375
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW), a hyper modified guanosine with a
DE   tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of
DE   eukaryotic and archaeal phenylalanine tRNA.
HI   UPA00481; tRNA modification.
DR   PubMed; 17150819.
DR   PubMed; 16642040.
//
ID   auxin conjugation.
AC   UPA00376
CL   Pathway.
DE   Conjugation of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) to many kinds of
DE   molecules is part of a regulatory mechanism for controlling IAA levels
DE   through sequestration and reuse, or as an entry into catabolism. IAA
DE   in plants occurs in both conjugated and free forms, and there is
DE   increasing evidence that the ratio of free to conjugated IAA is
DE   controlled by tissue-specific and developmentally regulated processes.
DE   The use of conjugation by plants to regulate IAA levels appears to
DE   have become increasingly more important as plants evolved from
DE   liverworts to mosses and tracheophytes.
SY   indoleacetic acid conjugation; IAA conjugation; indole-3-acetic acid
SY   conjugation; indole-3-acetate conjugation.
HI   UPA00437; plant hormone metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 17509086.
DR   PubMed; 8085154.
DR   PubMed; 11830675.
//
ID   sterigmatocystin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00377
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin (ST), a carcinogenic mycotoxin.
DE   Sterigmatocystin is among the most toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic
DE   natural products known. This polyketide-derived secondary metabolite
DE   is produced by numerous fungi species.
HI   UPA00478; mycotoxin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 15022028.
DR   PubMed; 7642507.
DR   PubMed; 19537208.
DR   PubMed; 8643646.
DR   GO; GO:0045461; P:sterigmatocystin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   protein glycosylation.
AC   UPA00378
CL   Pathway.
DE   Protein glycosylation (the addition of saccharides to proteins) is one
DE   of the principal post-translational modification steps in the
DE   synthesis of membrane and secreted proteins. It is an enzyme-directed
DE   site-specific process, as opposed to the non-enzymatic chemical
DE   reaction of glycation. Two types of glycosylation exist: * N-linked
DE   glycosylation to the amide nitrogen of asparagine side chains *
DE   O-linked glycosylation to the hydroxy oxygen of serine and threonine
DE   side chains.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 16510493.
DR   GO; GO:0006486; P:protein glycosylation.
//
ID   L-histidine degradation into L-glutamate.
AC   UPA00379
CL   Pathway.
DE   Nonoxidative degradation of L-histidine into L-glutamate.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 13117923.
DR   PubMed; 14367318.
DR   GO; GO:0019556; P:histidine catabolic process to glutamate and
DR   formamide.
DR   GO; GO:0019557; P:histidine catabolic process to glutamate and
DR   formate.
DR   KEGG; map00340; Histidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00670; One carbon pool by folate.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   D-arabinitol metabolism.
AC   UPA00380
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of D-arabinitol, an acyclic pentitol. Candida albicans
DE   produces large amount of D-arabinitol, but the biosynthetic pathway is
DE   not yet known.
SY   D-arabitol metabolism.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8407803.
DR   GO; GO:0051161; P:arabitol metabolic process.
//
ID   brassinosteroid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00381
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of brassinosteroids (brassins), a group of plant
DE   hormones, also called plant growth regulators. The most known example
DE   of brassinosteroids is brassinolide.
SY   Brassin biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00438; plant hormone biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0016132; P:brassinosteroid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   oxylipin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00382
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of oxylipins, a group of acyclic (or cyclic) oxidation
DE   products derived from the catabolism of fatty acids. Oxylipins
DE   regulate many defense and developmental pathways in plants.
SY   octadecanoid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0031408; P:oxylipin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   arachidonate metabolism.
AC   UPA00383
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid (a carboxylic
DE   acid with a 20-carbon chain and four cis double bonds, the first
DE   double bond is located at the sixth carbon from the omega end).
DE   Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that is present in
DE   the phospholipids (especially phosphatidylethanolamine,
DE   phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositides) of membranes of the
DE   body's cells. It is also involved in cellular signaling as a second
DE   messenger.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019369; P:arachidonic acid metabolic process.
//
ID   ethylene biosynthesis via S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
AC   UPA00384
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ethylene, an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains one
DE   double bond (the simplest alkene). It acts as hormon in plant where it
DE   is essential for proper development, growth and survival. It is
DE   responsible for signaling changes during germination, flower and fruit
DE   development, the onset of plant defense responses, and cross-talk with
DE   other plant hormones.
HI   UPA00305; alkene biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16492477.
DR   PubMed; 16524685.
DR   GO; GO:0009693; P:ethylene biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bc610>.
//
ID   ethylene biosynthesis via 2-oxoglutarate.
AC   UPA00385
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ethylene via 2-oxoglutarate pathway. Bacterial
DE   ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) catalyzes oxygenation of 2-oxoglutarate
DE   to produce ethylene and carbon dioxide in contrast to a plant enzyme
DE   which uses 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid as a substrate.
HI   UPA00305; alkene biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 1770346.
DR   PubMed; 1445291.
DR   PubMed; 7952184.
DR   PubMed; 10805596.
DR   GO; GO:0009693; P:ethylene biosynthetic process.
//
ID   carotenoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00386
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of carotenoids, a group of essential photoprotective and
DE   antioxidant pigments that are naturally occurring in plants and some
DE   other photosynthetic organisms like algae, some types of fungus and
DE   some bacteria. There are over 600 known carotenoids; they are split
DE   into two classes, xanthophylls and carotenes. The most important
DE   function of carotenoid pigments, especially beta-carotene in higher
DE   plants, is to protect organisms against photooxidative damage.
DE   Carotenoid biosynthesis involves a series of desaturations,
DE   cyclizations, hydroxylations and epoxydations commencing with the
DE   formation of phytoene.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11884677.
DR   GO; GO:0016117; P:carotenoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   astaxanthin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00387
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of astaxanthin, an abundant carotenoid found in marine
DE   animals, including salmonids and crustaceans. Astaxanthin has interest
DE   not only as a pigmentation source but also as a potent antioxidative
DE   reagent that can delay aging and the onset of degenerative diseases in
DE   animals.
SY   3,3'-dihydroxy-beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione biosynthesis; AXT
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16434154.
//
ID   neoxanthin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00388
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of neoxanthin, an allenic xantophyll carotenoid thought
DE   to have two key roles as part of LHC's (light-harvesting complexes)
DE   and as a precursor to the plant growth hormone abscisic acid (ABA).
DE   Neoxanthin is recognized as the last product of carotenoid synthesis
DE   in green plants.
SY   (3S,5R,6R,3'S,5'R,6'S)-6,7-didehydro-5',6'-epoxy-5,6,5',6'-tetrahydro-
SY   beta,beta-carotene-3,5,3'-triol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11029576.
//
ID   geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00389
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of geranylgeranyl-PP (geranylgeranyl diphosphate), a
DE   precursor of terpenes and terpenoids.
SY   geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis; geranylgeranyl-PP
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00416; isoprenoid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0033386; P:geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00900; Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   gibberellin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00390
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of gibberellins (GAs), a large family of plant growth
DE   substances with distinct functions during the whole life cycle of
DE   higher plants. Gibberellins are involved in promotion of stem
DE   elongation, mobilization of food reserves in seeds and other
DE   processes. Gibberellin was first isolated as a superelongation-
DE   promoting diterpenoid from the fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi. G.
DE   fujikuroi uses different GA biosynthetic intermediates from those in
DE   plants.
HI   UPA00438; plant hormone biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009686; P:gibberellin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   7-cyano-7-deazaguanine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00391
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0), a 7-deazapurine
DE   derivative, precursor of queuosine and archaeosine. .
SY   preQ0 biosynthesis; pre-queuosine 0 biosynthesis;
SY   7-cyano-7-carbaguanine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 14660578.
DR   PubMed; 16199558.
DR   PubMed; 12697167.
DR   PubMed; 15767583.
//
ID   tRNA-queuosine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00392
CL   Pathway.
DE   In most eubacterial and eukaryotic organisms the genetically encoded
DE   guanosine in the anticodon wobble position 34 of tRNA(His), tRNA(Tyr),
DE   tRNA(Asp) and tRNA(Asn) is replaced by the hypermodified nucleoside
DE   queuosine. The biosynthesis of queuosine commences outside of any tRNA
DE   with GTP which is converted to preQ0 (7-cyano-7-deazaguanine) in a
DE   poorly characterized pathway. Compound preQ0 is a precursor of
DE   archaeosine too. Hence, its biosynthesis is described in an
DE   independant pathway. The cyano group of preQ0 is reduced to a primary
DE   amine resulting in the formation of preQ1 (queuine). The purine
DE   scaffold of queuosine is replaced by a 7-deazapurine substituted with
DE   a dihydroxycyclopentenyl-aminomethyl moiety
DE   7-aminomethyl-7-carbaguanine). Although no clearly defined function of
DE   queuosine has been established yet, Grimm et al [PMID:17083917]
DE   suggests a role in fine tuning of translational fidelity and speed.
HI   UPA00481; tRNA modification.
DR   PubMed; 17384645.
DR   PubMed; 15822125.
DR   PubMed; 12731872.
DR   PubMed; 19414587.
DR   PubMed; 17083917.
DR   GO; GO:0008616; P:queuosine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   archaeosine-tRNA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00393
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of archaeosine, an archaea-specific modified base.
DE   Archaeosine (7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine) is a structural variant
DE   of the hypermodified nucleoside 7-deazaguanosine. The biosynthesis
DE   pathway starts with archaeosine tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT)
DE   which catalyzes the exchange of guanine at position 15 in the D-loop
DE   of archaeal tRNAs with a free 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ(0)) base.
HI   UPA00481; tRNA modification.
DR   PubMed; 12054814.
DR   PubMed; 16407303.
DR   PubMed; 10862614.
//
ID   urate degradation.
AC   UPA00394
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of uric acid, a key compound in the degradation of
DE   purines. The ureide pathway, which mediates the oxidative degradation
DE   of uric acid to (S)-allantoin, represents the late stage of purine
DE   catabolism in most organisms. The metabolism of uric acid has a
DE   pivotal role in transforming the nitrogen that is fixed in leguminous
DE   plants and also plays a crucial role in some bacteria under nitrogen-
DE   limited conditions.
SY   (S)-allantoin biosynthesis; uric acid degradation; ureide pathway.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 17567580.
DR   PubMed; 16485000.
DR   PubMed; 16462750.
DR   GO; GO:0019628; P:urate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   (S)-allantoin degradation.
AC   UPA00395
CL   Pathway.
DE   Anaerobic utilization of (S)-allantoin, a diureide of glyoxylic acid,
DE   as nitrogen source.
SY   anaerobic allantoin utilization; (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea
SY   degradation; 5-ureidohydantoin degradation; glyoxyldiureide
SY   degradation.
HI   UPA00045; nitrogen metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 16546208.
DR   PubMed; 12460564.
DR   GO; GO:0000256; P:allantoin catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   lipopolysaccharide metabolism.
AC   UPA00451
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions involving lipopolysaccharides, any of a group
DE   of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of
DE   Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently
DE   linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain.
DE   Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0008653; P:lipopolysaccharide metabolic process.
//
ID   penicillin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00474
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of penicillin (sometimes abbreviated PCN), a group of
DE   beta- lactam antibiotics used in the treatment of bacterial infections
DE   caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms.
SY   penam biosynthesis; PCN biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042318; P:penicillin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   purine nucleotide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00488
CL   Pathway.
DE   The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a
DE   purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base
DE   linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate
DE   moiety at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of its glycose moiety
DE   [source: GO].
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006164; P:purine nucleotide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00501
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lipooligosaccharide (LOS), an important amphiphilic
DE   molecule integrated in and extending outward from the outer membrane
DE   of some bacterial cell wall (Neisseria and Haemophilus sp). LOS is
DE   similar to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but lacking the O-antigen
DE   polysaccharide side chain repeats. LOS comprises two parts: i) core
DE   oligosaccharide and ii) lipid A.
SY   LOS biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; 11521077.
//
ID   L-alanine degradation via dehydrogenase pathway.
AC   UPA00527
CL   Pathway.
DE   Hydrolysis of L-alanine to ammonia and pyruvate.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0042853; P:L-alanine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00430; Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e10>.
//
ID   L-alanine degradation via transaminase pathway.
AC   UPA00528
CL   Pathway.
DE   Breakdown of alanine via an aminotransferase reaction (transfer of an
DE   amino group from glutamate to pyruvate to form 2-oxoglutarate and
DE   alanine).
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 17319845.
DR   GO; GO:0042853; P:L-alanine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00710; Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c10>.
//
ID   betaine biosynthesis via choline pathway.
AC   UPA00529
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of betaine (glycine betaine, N,N,N-trimethylglycine) by a
DE   two- step oxidation of choline. An alternative pathway converts
DE   glycine to betaine through two N-methyltransferases.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11685374.
DR   PubMed; 12192001.
DR   PubMed; 8752328.
DR   GO; GO:0019285; P:glycine betaine biosynthetic process from choline.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d50>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7cd0>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f90>.
//
ID   betaine biosynthesis via glycine pathway.
AC   UPA00530
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of betaine (glycine betaine, N,N,N-trimethylglycine) by a
DE   three-step series of methylation reactions from glycine.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11319079.
DR   PubMed; 12466265.
DR   PubMed; 17019606.
DR   PubMed; 10896953.
DR   PubMed; 17098399.
DR   GO; GO:0019286; P:glycine betaine biosynthetic process from glycine.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bc0d0>.
//
ID   L-glutamate degradation via hydroxyglutarate pathway.
AC   UPA00533
CL   Pathway.
DE   The hydroxyglutarate pathway is one of the major pathways by which
DE   L-glutamate amino-acid is fermented. This pathway is found in
DE   organisms living in anoxic niches within humans and animals, including
DE   members of the genus Acidaminococcus, Clostridium, Fusobacterium and
DE   Peptostreptococcus.
SY   hydroxyglutarate pathway; L-glutamate fermentation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 11106419.
DR   GO; GO:0019552; P:glutamate catabolic process via 2-hydroxyglutarate.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00362; Benzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00471; D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bc2d0>.
//
ID   putrescine biosynthesis via agmatine pathway.
AC   UPA00534
CL   Pathway.
DE   Agmatine, which results from the decarboxylation of L-arginine by
DE   arginine decarboxylase, is a metabolic intermediate in the
DE   biosynthesis of putrescine and higher polyamines (spermidine and
DE   spermine). Recent studies indicate that agmatine can have several
DE   important biochemical effects in humans, ranging from effects on the
DE   central nervous system to cell proliferation in cancer and viral
DE   replication.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12634339.
DR   PubMed; 12435743.
DR   PubMed; 11804860.
DR   PubMed; 11673419.
DR   GO; GO:0033388; P:putrescine biosynthetic process from arginine.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f90>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e10>.
//
ID   putrescine biosynthesis via L-ornithine pathway.
AC   UPA00535
CL   Pathway.
DE   The pathway for mammalian putrescine synthesis was demonstrated to
DE   occur via the decarboxylation of ornithine.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 14763899.
DR   GO; GO:0033387; P:putrescine biosynthetic process from ornithine.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00480; Glutathione metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c90>.
//
ID   protein lipoylation via exogenous pathway.
AC   UPA00537
CL   Pathway.
DE   Protein lipoylation via exogenous pathway.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   KEGG; map00785; Lipoic acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   protein lipoylation via endogenous pathway.
AC   UPA00538
CL   Pathway.
DE   Protein lipoylation via endogenous pathway.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   KEGG; map00785; Lipoic acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   pyrroloquinoline quinone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00539
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, 4,5-dihydro-4,5-dioxo-
DE   1H-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9-tricarboxylic acid), a bacterial
DE   vitamin that serves as a cofactor in numerous alcohol dehydrogenases.
DE   Its biosynthesis in Klebsiella pneumoniae is facilitated by six genes,
DE   pqqABCDEF, and proceeds by an unknown pathway.
SY   PQQ biosynthesis; 4,5-dihydro-4,5-dioxo-1H-
SY   pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9-tricarboxylic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0018189; P:pyrroloquinoline quinone biosynthetic process.
//
ID   oxalate degradation.
AC   UPA00540
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of oxalate. Because of its toxicity, oxalate accumulation
DE   from amino-acid catabolism leads to acute disorders in mammals. Gut
DE   microflora are therefore pivotal in maintaining a safe intestinal
DE   oxalate balance through oxalate degradation. Oxalate catabolism was
DE   first identified in Oxalobacter formigenes, a specialized, strictly
DE   anaerobic bacterium. Oxalate degradation was found to be performed
DE   successively by two enzymes, a formyl-CoA transferase (frc) and an
DE   oxalate decarboxylase (oxc). These two genes are present in several
DE   bacterial genomes including that of Escherichia coli.
HI   UPA00498; metabolic intermediate degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0033611; P:oxalate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   L-rhamnose degradation.
AC   UPA00541
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-rhamnose (hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose).
SY   hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose degradation.
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0019301; P:rhamnose catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00051; Fructose and mannose metabolism.
//
ID   lactose degradation.
AC   UPA00542
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of lactose, a disaccharide that consists of
DE   beta-D-galactose and beta-D-glucose molecules bonded through a
DE   beta-1-4 glycosidic linkage. .
SY   galactopyranosyl-glucose degradation.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0005990; P:lactose catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00052; Galactose metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba090>.
//
ID   GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00543
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose
DE   (GDP-D-beta-D-heptose), a nucleotide-sugar present in S-layer
DE   glycoproteins or capsular polysaccharide or flagella.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12101286.
//
ID   peptidoglycan recycling.
AC   UPA00544
CL   Pathway.
DE   Recycling of peptidoglycan, also known as murein, a polymer consisting
DE   of sugars and amino-acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the
DE   plasma membrane of eubacteria. .
SY   murein recycling.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009254; P:peptidoglycan turnover.
//
ID   pectin degradation.
AC   UPA00545
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of
DE   alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues.
SY   poly(1,4-alpha-D-galacturonide) degradation.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0045490; P:pectin catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00500; Starch and sucrose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   peptidoglycan degradation.
AC   UPA00549
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of peptidoglycan, also known as murein, a polymer
DE   consisting of sugars and amino-acids that forms a mesh-like layer
DE   outside the plasma membrane of eubacteria. .
SY   murein degradation.
HI   UPA00548; cell wall degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0016998; P:cell wall macromolecule catabolic process.
//
ID   cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00551
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of cyclic 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate (cDPG), a trianionic
DE   compound acting as thermoadapter in thermophile organisms.
SY   cDPG biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00550; thermoadapter biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9811660.
DR   PubMed; 8159166.
DR   PubMed; 2226838.
//
ID   pyruvate fermentation to lactate.
AC   UPA00554
CL   Pathway.
DE   Conversion of pyruvate (the final product of glycolysis) to lactate in
DE   the absence of oxygen.
HI   UPA00553; fermentation.
DR   KEGG; map00010; Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e10>.
//
ID   cytochrome c assembly.
AC   UPA00555
CL   Pathway.
DE   Bacterial c-type cytochromes are localized to the outside of the
DE   cytoplasmic membrane where they function in electron transport
DE   processes. Assembly takes place on the outside of the cytoplasmic
DE   membrane, involving separate transport of heme and the apocytochrome
DE   across the membrane [PMID:2172694]; the latter occurs via the general
DE   protein secretory (Sec) pathway of the cell [PMID:9219541]. Following
DE   translocation, assembly proceeds via a pathway involving a number of
DE   specific proteins. Two distinct systems have been identified in
DE   bacteria. System I is found in alpha - and gamma -proteobacteria,
DE   including E. coli, R. capsulatus, B. japonicum, and P. denitrificans.
DE   System II seems more widespread than system I, occurring in a range of
DE   bacteria including cyanobacteria, Gram-positive bacteria such as
DE   Mycobacterium species, beta -, gamma -, and delta -proteobacteria such
DE   as B. pertussis, T. ferrooxidans, and H. pylori, respectively, and
DE   some extremophiles such as A. aeoliticus. Common to both systems is
DE   that the apocytochrome cysteine thiols and the heme iron must be in
DE   their reduced states for thioether bond formation to occur. Thiol-
DE   disulfide oxidoreductases are required for this, and specific proteins
DE   have been identified in a number of system I organisms, including E.
DE   coli (CcmG), R. capsulatus (HelX), B. japonicum (CycY), and P.
DE   denitrificans (CcmG), and one system II organism, B. pertussis (CcsX)
DE   [PMID:12637552]. .
SY   c-type cytochrome assembly.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 2172694.
DR   PubMed; 9219541.
DR   PubMed; 12637552.
//
ID   lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00556
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a glycerol phosphate surface
DE   polymer. Lipoteichoic acid is a component of the envelope of Gram-
DE   positive bacteria. This polyphosphoglycerol compound is substituted
DE   with a D-alanyl (D-Ala) ester or a glycosyl residue and is anchored in
DE   the membrane by its glycolipid moiety. .
SY   LTA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; 11591677.
DR   PubMed; 11849532.
DR   PubMed; 10781555.
DR   PubMed; 16885447.
DR   PubMed; 17434999.
DR   GO; GO:0070395; P:lipoteichoic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00557
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a molecule
DE   composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine
DE   diphosphate.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0016024; P:CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00561; Glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00564; Glycerophospholipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map04070; Phosphatidylinositol signaling system.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba090>.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00558
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine compounds, any of a class of
DE   phospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the
DE   hydroxyl group of ethanolamine.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006646; P:phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00564; Glycerophospholipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b90>.
//
ID   peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00559
CL   Pathway.
DE   The translation elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) in eukaryotes and some
DE   archaea contains a unique posttranslationally modified histidine
DE   residue, termed diphthamide, which serves as the only target for
DE   diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. The
DE   biosynthesis of diphthamide represents one of the most complex
DE   posttranslational modifications. The biosynthesis is accomplished by
DE   stepwise additions to the His715 (His699 in yeast) residue of eEF-2.
SY   2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 6402493.
DR   PubMed; 15485916.
DR   PubMed; 16648478.
DR   GO; GO:0017183; P:peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthetic process from
DR   peptidyl-histidine.
//
ID   ethanolamine degradation.
AC   UPA00560
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-
DE   soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine).
SY   2-aminoethanol degradation.
HI   UPA00456; amine and polyamine degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16291677.
DR   GO; GO:0046336; P:ethanolamine catabolic process.
//
ID   L-glutamate degradation via mesaconate pathway.
AC   UPA00561
CL   Pathway.
DE   The mesaconate pathway is one of the major pathways by which
DE   L-glutamate amino-acid is fermented.
SY   L-glutamate fermentation; L-glutamate degradation via L-citramalate
SY   pathway; L-glutamate degradation via methylaspartate pathway.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 11759672.
DR   PubMed; 9385136.
DR   GO; GO:0019553; P:glutamate catabolic process via L-citramalate.
DR   KEGG; map00660; C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba150>.
//
ID   formaldehyde degradation.
AC   UPA00562
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of formaldehyde, a toxic compound for all organisms from
DE   bacteria to humans due to its reactivity with biological
DE   macromolecules (nonspecific reactivity with proteins and nucleic
DE   acids). Organisms that grow aerobically on single-carbon compounds
DE   such as methanol and methane face a special challenge in this regard
DE   because formaldehyde is a central metabolic intermediate during
DE   methylotrophic growth. .
SY   formaldehyde oxidation; methanal oxidation.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9765566.
DR   PubMed; 16567800.
DR   PubMed; 15632161.
DR   PubMed; 12123819.
DR   PubMed; 11073907.
DR   GO; GO:0046294; P:formaldehyde catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba310>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba2d0>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba350>.
//
ID   L-fucose degradation.
AC   UPA00563
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of the methylpentose L-fucose (6-deoxygalactose).
SY   6-deoxygalactose degradation.
HI   UPA00413; carbohydrate degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0019317; P:fucose catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00051; Fructose and mannose metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b90>.
//
ID   D-glucarate degradation.
AC   UPA00564
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-glucaric acid, an aldaric acid.
SY   D-glucaric acid degradation.
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0042838; P:D-glucarate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   D-galactarate degradation.
AC   UPA00565
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-galactaric acid, an aldaric acid.
SY   D-galactaric acid degradation.
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019582; P:D-galactarate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
//
ID   enterobacterial common antigen biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00566
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of enterobacterial common antigen (ECA), a cell surface
DE   glycolipid that is present in all gram-negative enteric bacteria. The
DE   carbohydrate portion of the polymer contains: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
DE   (GlcNAc), N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronic acid (ManNAcA) and
DE   4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose (Fuc4NAc). These amino sugars are
DE   linked to form linear polysaccharide chains. In addition, the hydroxyl
DE   groups at position 6 of the GlcNAc residues are nonstochiometrically
DE   substituted with O-acetyl groups.
SY   ECA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; 16936038.
DR   PubMed; 10515954.
DR   PubMed; 16199561.
DR   PubMed; 12618464.
DR   GO; GO:0009246; P:enterobacterial common antigen biosynthetic process.
//
ID   fatty acid reduction for biolumincescence.
AC   UPA00569
CL   Pathway.
DE   Fatty acid reduction for bacterial biolumincescence. .
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   UMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00574
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of UMP via salvage of pyrimidine derivatives (cytidine,
DE   uridine, cytosine).
SY   uridine monophosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e10>.
//
ID   dTTP biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00575
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dTTP (deoxythymidine triphosphate).
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8631667.
DR   GO; GO:0006235; P:dTTP biosynthetic process.
//
ID   dTMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00578
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dTMP via pyrimidine salvage pathway.
SY   deoxythymidine monophosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994ba890>.
//
ID   CTP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00579
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of CTP starting from cytidine (salvage pathway).
SY   cytosine triphosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   uracil degradation via oxidative pathway.
AC   UPA00582
CL   Pathway.
DE   Oxidative degradation of uracil nucleobase.
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
//
ID   AMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00588
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of AMP through purine salvage.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   IMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00591
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) through purine salvage.
SY   inosine 5'-phosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway; IMP salvage;
SY   inosine monophosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0032264; P:IMP salvage.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   3',5'-cyclic di-GMP biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00599
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of cyclic dinucleotide 3',5'-cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a
DE   purine nucleotide emerging as a novel global second messenger in
DE   bacteria. In many bacteria bis-(3',5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine
DE   monophosphate (c-di-GMP) signaling determines the timing and amplitude
DE   of complex biological processes from biofilm formation and virulence
DE   to photosynthesis.
SY   cGpGp biosynthesis; c-di-GMP biosynthesis; bis-(3',5')-cyclic dimeric
SY   guanosine monophosphate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 16045609.
DR   PubMed; 15569936.
DR   PubMed; 15063857.
//
ID   XMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
AC   UPA00601
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP purine nucleotide) via de
DE   novo pathway.
SY   xanthosine monophosphate biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   XMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00602
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP purine nucleotide) via
DE   salvage pathway.
SY   xanthosine 5'-phosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway; xanthosine
SY   monophosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0032265; P:XMP salvage.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   guanine degradation.
AC   UPA00603
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of guanine purine nucleobase.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006147; P:guanine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   hypoxanthine degradation.
AC   UPA00604
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of hypoxanthine purine base into uric acid.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0009114; P:hypoxanthine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   purine nucleoside salvage.
AC   UPA00606
CL   Pathway.
DE   Salvage of purine nucleoside compounds.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
//
ID   CDP-diacylglycerol degradation.
AC   UPA00609
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of CDP-diacylglycerol compounds.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046342; P:CDP-diacylglycerol catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00564; Glycerophospholipid metabolism.
//
ID   dUMP biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00610
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dUMP (deoxyuridine 5'-phosphate), a pyrimidine
DE   deoxyribonucleotide.
SY   deoxyuridine 5'-phosphate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00570; pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006226; P:dUMP biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00240; Pyrimidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   glycerol degradation.
AC   UPA00616
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of glycerol, a trihydric alcohol. Two possible routes of
DE   glycerol catabolism have been proposed. In the first pathway, glycerol
DE   is phosphorylated to glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol kinase, and then
DE   converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate by glycerol-3-phosphate
DE   dehydrogenase. In the second pathway, glycerol is converted to
DE   dihydroxyacetone by NAD-dependent glycerol dehydrogenase, and then
DE   phosphorylated to dihydroxyacetone phosphate by dihydroxyacetone
DE   kinase. .
SY   1,2,3-propanetriol degradation.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019563; P:glycerol catabolic process.
//
ID   glycerol fermentation.
AC   UPA00617
CL   Pathway.
DE   In the absence of an external oxidant, glycerol is consumed by a
DE   dismutation process involving two sub-pathways. Through one sub-
DE   pathway (oxidative route), glycerol is dehydrogenated by an
DE   NAD+-linked glycerol dehydrogenase (DhaD) to dihydroxyacetone. This
DE   product is then phosphorylated by dihydroxyacetone kinase (DhaK) and
DE   funnelled to the central metabolism. Through the other sub-pathway
DE   (reductive route), glycerol is dehydrated by coenzyme B12-dependent
DE   glycerol dehydratase (DhaB, DhaC, DhaE) to form
DE   3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, which is reduced to the major fermentation
DE   product 1,3-propanediol by the NADH-linked 1,3-propanediol
DE   dehydrogenase (DhaT), thereby regenerating NAD+ [PMID: 9311132]. .
SY   anaerobic glycerol degradation.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9311132.
DR   PubMed; 7721705.
DR   GO; GO:0019588; P:anaerobic glycerol catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00561; Glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb190>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb1d0>.
//
ID   glycerol degradation via glycerol kinase pathway.
AC   UPA00618
CL   Pathway.
DE   In bacteria, glycerol uptake is mediated by the glycerol diffusion
DE   facilitator, an integral membrane protein catalyzing the rapid
DE   equilibration of concentration gradients of glycerol across the
DE   cytoplasmic membrane. Intracellular glycerol is converted to
DE   glycerol-3-phosphate that is further metabolized to dihydroxyacetone
DE   phosphate (DHAP) by either of two membrane-bound enzymes, depending on
DE   the growth conditions.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019563; P:glycerol catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00561; Glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb4d0>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb510>.
//
ID   methylglyoxal degradation.
AC   UPA00619
CL   Pathway.
DE   Methylglyoxal (MG) is a cytotoxic compound formed primarily as a by-
DE   product of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is catabolised by
DE   glyoxalases I and II, the zinc-binding enzymes of the glyoxalase
DE   pathway. Glyoxalase system is present in the cytosol of cells and
DE   cellular organelles, particularly mitochondria.
SY   glyoxalase pathway; glyoxalase system; glyoxal pathway.
HI   UPA00465; secondary metabolite metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 2198020.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
//
ID   1,2-propanediol degradation.
AC   UPA00621
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of the diol alcohol, 1,2-propanediol (propane-1,2-diol).
SY   1,2 propylene glycol degradation; propane-1,2-diol degradation;
SY   1,2-dihydroxypropane degradation.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0051144; P:propanediol catabolic process.
//
ID   glycerol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00624
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the trihydric alcohol, glycerol (1,2,3-propanetriol).
SY   1,2,3-propanetriol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006114; P:glycerol biosynthetic process.
//
ID   (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00626
CL   Pathway.
DE   In some bacteria, pyruvate can be channeled via alpha-acetolactate
DE   into neutral compound 2,3-butanediol. The production of
DE   (R,R)-2,3-butanediol is enhanced when oxygen is limited and the pH is
DE   lowered.
SY   2,3-butanediol pathway; 2,3-butanediol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11234948.
DR   PubMed; 8444801.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00660; C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e90>.
//
ID   N-acetylneuraminate metabolism.
AC   UPA00628
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of N-acetylneuramate, an amino sugar component of the cell
DE   surface structures.
SY   sialic acid metabolism.
HI   UPA00216; amino-sugar metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006054; P:N-acetylneuraminate metabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f50>.
//
ID   N-acetylneuraminate degradation.
AC   UPA00629
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of N-acetylneuraminate, an amino sugar component of the
DE   cell surface structures. N-acetylneuraminate is possibly used as
DE   carbon and nitrogen sources.
SY   sialic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00216; amino-sugar metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11234948.
DR   PubMed; 9864311.
DR   GO; GO:0019262; P:N-acetylneuraminate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb1d0>.
//
ID   N-acetylneuraminate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00630
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), the precursor of
DE   sialic acids, a group of important molecules in biological recognition
DE   systems.
SY   N-acetylneuraminic acid biosynthesis; Neu5Ac biosynthesis; sialic acid
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00216; amino-sugar metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10334995.
DR   PubMed; 9305888.
DR   GO; GO:0006045; P:N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   exopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00631
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide compounds. Pseudomonas solanacearum.
SY   EPS biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 7476194.
DR   PubMed; 8626297.
//
ID   teichoic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00632
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of teichoic acids (TAs), a group of phosphate-rich
DE   anionic extracellular polysaccharides found covalently bound to
DE   peptidoglycan in gram-positive bacteria TAs are polymers of glycerol
DE   or ribitol linked via phosphodiester bonds. These acids can be found
DE   in the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococci,
DE   Streptococci, Bacillus, Clostridium, Corynebacterium and Listeria, and
DE   appear to extend to the surface of the peptidoglycan layer. Teichoic
DE   acids are not found in the gram-negative bacteria. Teichoic acids are
DE   negatively charged and therefore contribute to the negative charge of
DE   the gram-positive cell wall. They may also provide structural support
DE   for the cell wall and act as antigen.
SY   TA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; 17981078.
DR   PubMed; 17660278.
DR   PubMed; 15547257.
DR   PubMed; 16952950.
DR   GO; GO:0019350; P:teichoic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   L-glutamate biosynthesis via GLT pathway.
AC   UPA00634
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-glutamate amino-acid via glutamate synthase (GLT).
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f50>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d10>.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7ed0>.
//
ID   beta-glucan biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00636
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of beta-glucans.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0051274; P:beta-glucan biosynthetic process.
//
ID   osmoregulated periplasmic glucan (OPG) biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00637
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs). OPGs occur
DE   in a wide variety of Gram-negative bacterial species. The only sugars
DE   found in the backbone of OPGs are glucosyl residues, which are bound
DE   with beta-glucosidic linkages. Generally, OPG synthesis is activated
DE   by conditions of low osmolarity. OPGs vary from 5 to 25 glucosyl
DE   residues per molecule and the glucose backbones show structural
DE   diversity among different species. [PMID:17906125].
SY   OPG biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 17906125.
//
ID   nitric oxide reduction.
AC   UPA00638
CL   Pathway.
DE   Reduction of nitric oxide (NO), a compound present throughout the
DE   biosphere. In humans, tightly regulated NO synthases produce
DE   sufficient NO to poison pathogens, opportunistic organisms, and
DE   neoplastic tissue. Nitric-oxide reductases metabolize NO to N2O in
DE   anaerobic denitrifying bacteria and fungi and likely serve an
DE   additional role in minimizing NO toxicity. .
SY   nitric-oxid reduction; NO reduction; NO detoxification.
HI   UPA00045; nitrogen metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15546870.
DR   PubMed; 11751865.
//
ID   methanogenesis from CO(2).
AC   UPA00640
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methane from CO(2) (carbon dioxide).
SY   methanogenesis from carbon dioxide; methane biosynthesis from carbon
SY   dioxide.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019386; P:methanogenesis, from carbon dioxide.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b80d0>.
//
ID   methanogenesis from methanol.
AC   UPA00641
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methane from methanol.
SY   methane biosynthesis from methanol.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 17142327.
DR   GO; GO:0019387; P:methanogenesis, from methanol.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d90>.
//
ID   methanogenesis from acetate.
AC   UPA00642
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methane from acetate. Acetate serves as a growth
DE   substrate for acetotrophic methanogens including the anaerobic
DE   archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila. Activation of acetate into
DE   acetyl-CoA is described in 'Acetyl-CoA biosynthesis' pathway.
SY   methane biosynthesis from acetate.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15062079.
DR   GO; GO:0019385; P:methanogenesis, from acetate.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b10>.
//
ID   methanogenesis from methylamine.
AC   UPA00643
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methane from monomethylamine.
SY   methane biosynthesis from monomethylamine.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7fd0>.
//
ID   methanogenesis from dimethylamine.
AC   UPA00644
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methane from dimethylamine.
SY   methane biosynthesis from dimethylamine.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c50>.
//
ID   methanogenesis from trimethylamine.
AC   UPA00645
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methane from trimethylamine.
SY   methane biosynthesis from trimethylamine.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d50>.
//
ID   methyl-coenzyme M reduction.
AC   UPA00646
CL   Pathway.
DE   The conversion of methyl-CoM to methane is the final step in the
DE   methanogenesis process. This process involves the reduction of the
DE   coenzyme M-bound methyl group to methane. This step is catalyzed by
DE   methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR), a key enzyme that is found in all
DE   methanogens.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c90>.
//
ID   coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide reduction.
AC   UPA00647
CL   Pathway.
DE   All processes in methanogenesis lead to the formation of a mixed
DE   disulfide bond between coenzyme M and coenzyme B, by a reaction in
DE   which coenzyme B reduces methyl-coenzyme M , leading to formation of
DE   methane and a coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide [PMID:12102556] .
DE   There are two different systems that are capable of reducing the
DE   coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide, using either H2 or a reduced
DE   coenzyme F420 as electron donors [PMID:15168610]. .
HI   UPA00398; cofactor metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15168610.
DR   PubMed; 12102556.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b90>.
//
ID   methanogenesis from methylated amine.
AC   UPA00650
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methane from methylated amines (mono-, di- or
DE   trimethylamine).
SY   methane biosynthesis from monomethylamine.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
//
ID   3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 4-phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00651
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 4-phosphate (KDO
DE   4-phosphate). .
SY   KDO 4-phosphate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00412; carbohydrate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10952982.
DR   PubMed; 10531340.
//
ID   nitrate reduction (denitrification).
AC   UPA00652
CL   Pathway.
DE   Denitrification is the process of reducing nitrate and nitrite, highly
DE   oxidised forms of nitrogen available for consumption by many groups of
DE   organisms, into gaseous nitrogen, which is far less accessible to life
DE   forms but makes up the bulk of atmosphere. Denitrification can be
DE   thought of as the opposite of nitrogen fixation. In general,
DE   denitrification occurs when oxygen is depleted, and bacteria turn to
DE   nitrate in order to respire organic matter. Denitrification proceeds
DE   through some combination of the following steps: nitrate -> nitrite ->
DE   nitric oxide -> nitrous oxide -> dinitrogen gas.
SY   nitrate respiration.
HI   UPA00045; nitrogen metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 7508388.
DR   GO; GO:0019333; P:denitrification pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b81d0>.
//
ID   nitrate reduction (assimilation).
AC   UPA00653
CL   Pathway.
DE   Reduction of nitrate into to nitrite via assimilation pathway.
SY   assimilatory nitrate reduction; nitrate assimilation.
HI   UPA00045; nitrogen metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8169203.
DR   PubMed; 8468296.
DR   GO; GO:0042128; P:nitrate assimilation.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b8090>.
//
ID   malonyl-CoA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00655
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of malonyl-CoA.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00253; Tetracycline biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00640; Propanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00720; Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   short-chain fatty acid metabolism.
AC   UPA00656
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of short-chain fatty acid compounds.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046459; P:short-chain fatty acid metabolic process.
//
ID   rhamnolipid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00657
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of rhamnolipid compounds. Rhamnolipids are extracellular
DE   biosurfactants and virulence factors secreted by the opportunistic
DE   human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa that are required for swarming
DE   motility.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 16624803.
DR   PubMed; 9721281.
//
ID   polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00658
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acid compounds.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   fatty acid beta-oxidation.
AC   UPA00659
CL   Pathway.
DE   The metabolic oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid by successive
DE   cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened
DE   by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A [GO:0006635].
SY   beta-oxidation cycle.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006635; P:fatty acid beta-oxidation.
//
ID   mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation.
AC   UPA00660
CL   Pathway.
DE   Beta-oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondrion.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation.
AC   UPA00661
CL   Pathway.
DE   Beta-oxidation of fatty acids in peroxisome.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0033540; P:fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA oxidase.
//
ID   prostaglandin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00662
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of prostaglandins, a group of lipid compounds that are
DE   derived enzymatically from fatty acids and have important functions in
DE   the animal body. Every prostaglandin contains 20 carbon atoms,
DE   including a 5-carbon ring. .
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0001516; P:prostaglandin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   lipoprotein biosynthesis (diacylglyceryl transfer).
AC   UPA00664
CL   Pathway.
DE   The first step of lipoprotein biosynthesis consist of lipidation
DE   reaction, carried out by the enzyme lipoprotein diacylglyceryl
DE   transferase (Lgt).
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
//
ID   lipoprotein biosynthesis (signal peptide cleavage).
AC   UPA00665
CL   Pathway.
DE   The second step of lipoprotein biosynthesis consist of cleavage of the
DE   signal peptide. The enzyme responsible for this reaction is the
DE   lipoprotein-specific signal peptidase II (Lsp), which recognizes a
DE   genuine L(-3)-S/A(-2)-A/G(-1)-C(+1) lipobox.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 17071755.
//
ID   lipoprotein biosynthesis (N-acyl transfer).
AC   UPA00666
CL   Pathway.
DE   The first step of lipoprotein biosynthesis consist of addition of an
DE   N-acyl moiety to the amino group of the N-terminal cysteine, This
DE   reaction is carried out by the enzyme N-acyl-transferase (Lnt).
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
//
ID   L-arabinan degradation.
AC   UPA00667
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-arabinan, a branched homopolymer of L-arabinose.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0031222; P:arabinan catabolic process.
//
ID   chlorophyll biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00668
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of chlorophyll, a green pigment found in most plants,
DE   algae, and cyanobacteria.
HI   UPA00678; porphyrin biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0015995; P:chlorophyll biosynthetic process.
//
ID   bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00669
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of
DE   photosynthetic bacteria.
HI   UPA00678; porphyrin biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0030494; P:bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic process.
//
ID   chlorophyll biosynthesis (light-independent).
AC   UPA00670
CL   Pathway.
DE   Light-independent biosynthesis of chlorophyll.
HI   UPA00678; porphyrin biosynthesis.
//
ID   bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis (light-independent).
AC   UPA00671
CL   Pathway.
DE   Light-independent biosynthesis of bacteriochlorophyll.
HI   UPA00678; porphyrin biosynthesis.
//
ID   chlorophyll degradation.
AC   UPA00674
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of chlorophyll, the green pigment found in photosynthetic
DE   organisms.
HI   UPA00679; porphyrin degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0015996; P:chlorophyll catabolic process.
//
ID   spheroidene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00683
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of spheroidene carotenoids from neurosporene.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 2747617.
//
ID   protoheme degradation.
AC   UPA00684
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of heme. Bilirubin is a yellow breakdown product of normal
DE   heme catabolism.
HI   UPA00677; porphyrin metabolism.
//
ID   (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate degradation.
AC   UPA00685
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate, a chlorinated phenoxy
DE   compound. (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate functions as a systemic
DE   herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds. .
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0046300; P:2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid catabolic process.
//
ID   (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetate degradation.
AC   UPA00686
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetate, a chlorinated phenoxy
DE   compound.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0046228; P:2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid catabolic process.
//
ID   dichloromethane degradation.
AC   UPA00688
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of dichloromethane, a highly volatile solvent which finds
DE   application in a wide variety of industrial and commercial processes.
DE   Dibromomethane has been observed to occur naturally [PMID:7272274].
SY   DCM degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 7272274.
//
ID   gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation.
AC   UPA00689
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (g-HCH, BHC, lindane), a
DE   halogenated organic insecticide that has been used worldwide for
DE   agriculture and public health. It is degraded rapidly under anaerobic
DE   conditions, but is considered extremely persistent in upland soil.
SY   lindane degradation; g-HCH degradation; BHC degradation;
SY   g-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e10>.
//
ID   hexachlorocyclohexane degradation.
AC   UPA00690
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), a xenobiotic compound used
DE   extensively against agricultural pests and in public health programs
DE   for the control of mosquitoes. Commercial formulations of HCH consist
DE   of a mixture of four isomers, alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. While all
DE   these isomers pose serious environmental problems, beta-HCH is more
DE   problematic due to its longer persistence in the environment.
SY   HCH degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
//
ID   pentachlorophenol degradation.
AC   UPA00691
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP), a chlorinated insecticide and
DE   fungicide. It is used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and
DE   wood boring insects. PCP is significantly toxic to mammals, plants,
DE   and many microorganisms. Despite this, bacteria have been identified
DE   that are resistant to relatively high PCP concentrations and can
DE   metabolize it to carbon dioxide and chloride. Bacteria have been used
DE   successfully in PCP bioremediation.
SY   PCP degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0019338; P:pentachlorophenol catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f10>.
//
ID   bacterial cellulose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00694
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   plant cellulose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00695
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of plant cellulose.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   cellulose degradation.
AC   UPA00696
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of cellulose.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0030245; P:cellulose catabolic process.
//
ID   hemicellulose degradation.
AC   UPA00697
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of hemicellulose, a branched polymer of sugar monomers.
DE   For instance, besides glucose, sugar monomers in hemicellulose can
DE   include xylose, mannose, galactose, rhamnose, and arabinose.
DE   Hemicelluloses contain most of the D-pentose sugars, and occasionally
DE   small amounts of L-sugars as well. Xylose is always the sugar monomer
DE   present in the largest amount, but mannuronic acid and galacturonic
DE   acid also tend to be present.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   lactate oxidation.
AC   UPA00701
CL   Pathway.
DE   Oxidation of lactic acid.
SY   lactic acid oxidation.
HI   UPA00496; metabolic intermediate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019516; P:lactate oxidation.
//
ID   D-galactose 6-phosphate degradation.
AC   UPA00702
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-galactose 6-phosphate.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019388; P:galactose catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00052; Galactose metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f90>.
//
ID   glyoxylate cycle.
AC   UPA00703
CL   Pathway.
DE   Glyoxylate cycle is a metabolic pathway occurring in plants, certain
DE   vertebrates, and several microorganisms, such as E. coli and yeast.
DE   The glyoxylate cycle allows these organisms to use fats for the
DE   synthesis of carbohydrates, a task which most vertebrates, including
DE   humans, cannot perform. The glyoxylate cycle, avoids the steps in the
DE   citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) where carbon is lost in the form of CO2.
DE   The two initial stages of this cycle are identical to those of the TCA
DE   cycle: acetate -> citrate -> isocitrate. The next step, however, is
DE   different: instead of decarboxylation, isocitrate undergoes cleavage
DE   into succinate and glyoxylate (the latter gives the cycle its name).
DE   Succinate can be channeled directly into the citric acid cycle and
DE   eventually form oxaloacetate. Glyoxylate condenses with acetyl-CoA,
DE   yielding malate. Both malate and oxaloacetate can be converted into
DE   phosphoenolpyruvate and gluconeogenesis can be initiated. The net
DE   result of the glyoxylate cycle is therefore the production of glucose
DE   from fatty acids. In plants the glyoxylate cycle occurs in special
DE   peroxisomes which are called glyoxysomes. Vertebrates cannot perform
DE   the cycle because they lack its two key enzymes: isocitrate lyase and
DE   malate synthase.
SY   glyoxylate bypass; glyoxylate shunt.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 6378912.
DR   GO; GO:0006097; P:glyoxylate cycle.
DR   KEGG; map00020; Citrate cycle (TCA cycle).
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00710; Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms.
DR   KEGG; map00720; Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b8550>.
//
ID   D-tagatose 6-phosphate degradation.
AC   UPA00704
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-tagatose 6-phosphate.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00052; Galactose metabolism.
//
ID   oxidative phosphorylation.
AC   UPA00705
CL   Pathway.
DE   Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway that uses energy
DE   released by the oxidation of nutrients to produce adenosine
DE   triphosphate (ATP).
SY   respiratory-chain phosphorylation.
HI   UPA00426; energy metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006119; P:oxidative phosphorylation.
//
ID   p-cresol degradation.
AC   UPA00708
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of para-cresol, a toxic phenol.
SY   para-cresol degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 1267796.
DR   PubMed; 10623531.
//
ID   phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00711
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid compounds, the aromatic derivatives of
DE   trans-cinnamic acid.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0009699; P:phenylpropanoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   trans-cinnamate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00713
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of cinnamic acid (3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid), a
DE   phenylpropanoid compound.
SY   (E)-cinnamic acid biosynthesis; 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid
SY   biosynthesis; trans-cinnamic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00710; phenylpropanoid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0009800; P:cinnamic acid biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00360; Phenylalanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00940; Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   3-phenylpropanoate degradation.
AC   UPA00714
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 3-phenylpropionic acid, a phenylpropanoid compound.
SY   3-phenylpropionate degradation; 3-phenylpropionic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9603882.
DR   KEGG; map00360; Phenylalanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00362; Benzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00621; Dioxin degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00622; Xylene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   (R)-camphor degradation.
AC   UPA00719
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of (R)-camphor, a white, crystalline solid monoterpene
DE   ketone.
SY   D-camphor degradation; (+)-camphor degradation.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019383; P:(+)-camphor catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b8610>.
//
ID   (R)-camphor biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00720
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of (R)-camphor, a white, crystalline solid monoterpene
DE   ketone.
SY   (+)-camphor biosynthesis; D-camphor biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046211; P:(+)-camphor biosynthetic process.
//
ID   linalool degradation.
AC   UPA00721
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of linalool, a naturally-occurring terpene alcohol
DE   compound found in many flowers and spice plants.
SY   allo-ocimenol degradation; beta-linalool degradation; p-linalool
SY   degradation; 2,6-dimethyl-2,7-octadien-6-ol degradation; linalyl
SY   alcohol degradation; linaloyl oxide degradation.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
//
ID   steroid degradation.
AC   UPA00722
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of steroid compounds. A steroid is a terpenoid lipid
DE   characterized by a carbon skeleton with four fused rings, generally
DE   arranged in a 6-6-6-5 fashion. Steroids vary by the functional groups
DE   attached to these rings and the oxidation state of the rings. Hundreds
DE   of distinct steroids are found in plants, animals, and fungi. All
DE   steroids are made in cells either from the sterol lanosterol (animals
DE   and fungi) or the sterol cycloartenol (plants). Both sterols are
DE   derived from the cyclization of the triterpene squalene.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006706; P:steroid catabolic process.
//
ID   quercetin degradation.
AC   UPA00724
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of quercetin, the aglycone form of a number of other
DE   flavonoid glycosides.
HI   UPA00709; flavonoid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 14741339.
//
ID   scopolamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00725
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of scopolamine (hyoscine), a tropane alkaloid compound
DE   with muscarinic antagonist effects. Scopolamine is obtained from
DE   plants of the family Solanaceae (nightshades), such as henbane or
DE   jimson weed (Datura species). It is among the secondary metabolites of
DE   these plants.
SY   hyoscine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
//
ID   phthalate degradation.
AC   UPA00726
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of phtalate (benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate).
SY   benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid degradation; benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
SY   degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0046239; P:phthalate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00624; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   coronatine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00727
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of coronatine, a phytotoxin produced by some plant-
DE   pathogenic bacteria. It has been shown that coronatine mimics the
DE   action of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in plants. MeJA is a plant-signaling
DE   molecule involved in stress responses such as wounding and pathogen
DE   attack. .
HI   UPA00477; phytotoxin biosynthesis.
//
ID   phenol degradation.
AC   UPA00728
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of phenol. .
SY   hydroxybenzene.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019336; P:phenol-containing compound catabolic process.
//
ID   2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine-tRNA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00729
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine (ms2i6A), a
DE   modified nucleoside present in position 37 (adjacent to and 3' of the
DE   anticodon) of tRNAs that read codons beginning with U except tRNA(i.v.
DE   Ser) in Escherichia coli. In Salmonella typhimurium, 2-methylthio-N-6
DE   -(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine (ms2io6A; also referred to as
DE   2-methylthio cis-ribozeatin) is found in tRNA, most likely in the
DE   species that have ms2i6A in E. coli. .
SY   2-methylthio-cis-ribozeatin-tRNA biosynthesis; ms2io6A-tRNA
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00481; tRNA modification.
DR   PubMed; 9620964.
DR   PubMed; 8253666.
//
ID   carboxydiphenyl ether degradation.
AC   UPA00730
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 3- and 4-carboxydiphenyl ether compounds.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 7710319.
//
ID   sabinene hydrate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00731
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of sabinene hydrate, a bicyclic monoterpene.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9614092.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate degradation.
AC   UPA00733
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 4-aminobutanoate (GABA; gamma-aminobutyrate;
DE   4-aminobutyrate).
SY   GABA degradation; 4-aminobutyrate degradation; gamma-aminobutyrate
SY   degradation; gamma-aminobutyric acid degradation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0009450; P:gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd450>.
//
ID   acetylacetone degradation.
AC   UPA00734
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of the diketone acetylacetone (pentane-2,4-dione;
DE   2,4-dioxopentane). Acetylacetone is a widely used industrial chemical
DE   with toxic side effects including central neurotoxicity and possible
DE   effects on the immune system of mammals, as well as toxicity towards
DE   various aquatic organisms and micro-organisms. .
SY   pentane-2,4-dione degradation; 2,4-dioxopentane degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 12379146.
//
ID   mannopine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00736
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mannopine (N-1-(D-mannityl)-L-glutamine), the head
DE   member of the mannityl family of opines. Mannopine is found in crown
DE   gall tumors.
SY   N-1-(D-mannityl)-L-glutamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00735; opine metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 1852015.
DR   PubMed; 11386375.
//
ID   octopine degradation.
AC   UPA00737
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of octopine (N2-(D-l-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine), the first
DE   opine discovered in 1927 in octopus muscle and later in crown gall
DE   tumors. It is also found in other cephalopod species and
DE   lamellibranchs. Octopine is the head member of the octopine family of
DE   opines.
SY   N2-(D-l-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine degradation.
HI   UPA00735; opine metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8045881.
DR   GO; GO:0019469; P:octopine catabolic process.
//
ID   1,5-anhydro-D-fructose degradation.
AC   UPA00738
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose.
SY   1,5AnFru degradation.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15716041.
//
ID   benzoyl-CoA degradation.
AC   UPA00739
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of benzoyl-CoA. Many aromatic compounds are anaerobically
DE   oxidized to CO2 via benzoyl-CoA as the common aromatic intermediate.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9746358.
//
ID   3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane degradation.
AC   UPA00740
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
//
ID   phenylglucosinolate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00742
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phenylglucosinolate.
SY   phenyl-glucosinolate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b50>.
//
ID   butanol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00743
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of butanol, a primary alcohol with a molecular formula of
DE   C4H10O. There are four isomeric structures for butanol. Clostridium
DE   acetobutylicum is one of the few organisms known to produce 1-butanol
DE   as a major fermentation product.
HI   UPA00611; alcohol metabolism.
//
ID   galactose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00745
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046369; P:galactose biosynthetic process.
//
ID   dopamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00747
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dopamine (DA; 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol), a
DE   catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of adrenaline
DE   (epinephrine), noradrenaline (norepinephrine).
SY   DA biosynthesis; 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00746; catecholamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042416; P:dopamine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00350; Tyrosine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00950; Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00965; Betalain biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   (R)-noradrenaline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00748
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-noradrenaline (norepinephrine), an hormone produced
DE   by the medulla of the adrenal glands.
SY   L-noradrenaline biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00746; catecholamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042421; P:norepinephrine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00350; Tyrosine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   (R)-adrenaline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00749
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the
DE   adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and
DE   prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of
DE   breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine.
SY   adrenaline biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00746; catecholamine biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042418; P:epinephrine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00350; Tyrosine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   catechol degradation.
AC   UPA00750
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene).
SY   1,2-dihydroxybenzene degradation; o-benzenediol degradation;
SY   pyrocatechol degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019614; P:catechol catabolic process.
//
ID   phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00753
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, also called lecithin, a class of
DE   phospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the
DE   hydroxyl group of choline. Phosphatidylcholine is the most-abundant
DE   phospholipid found in eukaryotic membranes. Additionally to its
DE   structural function in membrane bilayers and lipoproteins,
DE   phosphatidylcholine is involved in many signal transduction pathways.
DE   Phosphatidylcholine has also been found in an increasing number of
DE   bacteria, in particular in species that interact with eukaryotic
DE   hosts.
SY   1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine biosynthesis; lecithin
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 14663079.
DR   PubMed; 18978052.
DR   GO; GO:0006656; P:phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00564; Glycerophospholipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00755
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan
DE   (GAG) composed of a chain of alternating sugars (N-acetylgalactosamine
DE   and glucuronic acid). It is usually found attached to proteins as part
DE   of a proteoglycan. .
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0030206; P:chondroitin sulfate biosynthetic process.
//
ID   heparan sulfate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00756
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of heparan sulfate (HS), a linear polysaccharide found in
DE   all animal tissues. Heparan sulfate is a member of the
DE   glycosaminoglycan family of carbohydrates and is very closely related
DE   in structure to heparin. The most common disaccharide unit within
DE   heparan sulfate is composed of a glucuronic (GlcA) linked to
DE   N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) typically making up around 50% of the
DE   total disaccharide units. It is usually found attached to proteins as
DE   part of a proteoglycan. .
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11121397.
DR   PubMed; 11274177.
DR   GO; GO:0015012; P:heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process.
//
ID   dhurrin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00757
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dhurrin, a tyrosine derived cyanogenic glucoside.
DE   Dhurrin functions as a plant defense compound. Cyanogenic glucosides
DE   are amino-acid-derived natural products. The ability to synthesize
DE   these glucosides is common across many plant genera, including several
DE   plant species that are important crop plants like sorghum (Sorghum
DE   bicolor), cassava (Manihot esculenta), flax (Linum usitatissimum) and
DE   almonds (Prunus dulcis). .
SY   (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile beta-D-glucoside.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10585420.
DR   PubMed; 11312134.
DR   PubMed; 17706731.
DR   GO; GO:0010132; P:dhurrin biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00460; Cyanoamino acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b50>.
//
ID   3',5'-cyclic AMP degradation.
AC   UPA00762
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of cAMP into AMP.
SY   adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate degradation; cyclic AMP degradation;
SY   3',5'-cAMP degradation.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006198; P:cAMP catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
//
ID   3',5'-cyclic GMP degradation.
AC   UPA00763
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of cyclic GMP nucleotide into GMP.
SY   cyclic GMP degradation; guanosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate degradation;
SY   3',5'-cGMP degradation.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046069; P:cGMP catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
//
ID   cyclopentanol degradation.
AC   UPA00764
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of cyclopentanol, a cyclic alcohol.
HI   UPA00611; alcohol metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 12406764.
DR   GO; GO:0033022; P:cyclopentanol catabolic process.
//
ID   ecdysteroid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00765
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ecdysteroid compounds, a group of polyhydroxylated
DE   ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development. [source: GO].
SY   ecdysteroidogenesis; ecdysteroidogenic pathway.
HI   UPA00062; steroid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045456; P:ecdysteroid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   sterol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00766
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of sterol compounds (steroid alcohols), a subgroup of
DE   steroids with a hydroxyl group in the 3-position of the A-ring. .
HI   UPA00062; steroid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0016126; P:sterol biosynthetic process.
//
ID   lanosterol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00767
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lanosterol, a tetracyclic triterpenoid precursor to
DE   the whole family of steroids.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00100; Steroid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   ergosterol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00768
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ergosterol (ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol) from
DE   zymosterol. Ergosterol is a sterol precursor to Vitamin D2 compounds.
HI   UPA00504; steroid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0016126; P:sterol biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00100; Steroid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd210>.
//
ID   estrogen biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00769
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of estrogen (oestrogen) compounds, a group of steroid
DE   compounds, named for their importance in the estrous cycle, and
DE   functioning as the primary female sex hormone.
SY   oestrogen biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00062; steroid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006703; P:estrogen biosynthetic process.
//
ID   zymosterol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00770
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of zymosterol (5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol), a
DE   sterol precursor to cholesterol or ergosterol.
SY   delta8,24-cholestadien-3beta-ol biosynthesis; 5alpha-cholesta-8,24
SY   -dien-3beta-ol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00062; steroid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00100; Steroid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   D-erythroascorbate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00771
CL   Pathway.
DE   D-erythroascorbate (EASC), a five-carbon analog of L-ascorbate (ASC)
DE   is present in some eukaryotic microorganisms where ASC is rare or
DE   absent. In Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the
DE   biosynthetic pathway of EASC from D-arabinose by D-arabinose
DE   dehydrogenase and D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase has been
DE   established. EASC has biological properties similar to those of ASC.
DE   Considering that some eukaryotic microorganisms produce EASC instead
DE   of ASC, it is presumed that EASC may take the place of ASC in these
DE   microorganisms. EASC has been proved an important antioxidant molecule
DE   in S. cerevisiae, like ASC in animals and plants.
SY   EASC biosynthesis; D-erythroascorbic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10094636.
DR   PubMed; 8841374.
DR   PubMed; 7957197.
DR   PubMed; 9920381.
DR   PubMed; 11349062.
//
ID   decaprenyl phosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00772
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of decaprenyl phosphate, which plays a central role in
DE   the biosynthesis of most features of the mycobacterial cell wall,
DE   including peptidoglycan, linker unit galactan and arabinan.
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11152452.
DR   PubMed; 10816587.
//
ID   epidermin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00773
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of epidermin, a type A lantibiotics that is is
DE   ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified.
DE   Extracellular proteolytic cleavage of the N-terminal leader region is
DE   most likely the last modification step in epidermin biosynthesis and
DE   leads to the activation of the lantibiotic. .
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12732329.
DR   PubMed; 1740156.
DR   PubMed; 1551392.
//
ID   epothilone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00774
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of epothilone compounds, a class of macrolactone
DE   cytotoxic molecules, including epothilone A, epothilone B, and
DE   epothilone D, identified as potential chemotherapy drugs.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0050814; P:epothilone biosynthetic process.
//
ID   propylene degradation.
AC   UPA00776
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of alkene compounds, unsaturated hydrcarbons containing at
DE   least one carbon-to-carbon double bond.
SY   propene degradation.
HI   UPA00777; alkene metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0042208; P:propylene catabolic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb090>.
//
ID   ethanol biosynthesis via fermentation pathway.
AC   UPA00778
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ethanol during fermentation processes.
HI   UPA00611; alcohol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0043458; P:ethanol biosynthetic process involved in glucose
DR   fermentation to ethanol.
//
ID   ethanol degradation.
AC   UPA00780
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of ethanol.
HI   UPA00611; alcohol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006068; P:ethanol catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00010; Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   ether lipid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00781
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ether lipid compounds. Ether lipids are lipids in
DE   which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an
DE   alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester
DE   linkage.
HI   UPA00230; glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0008611; P:ether lipid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   Fe-Mo cofactor biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00782
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of Fe-Mo, the cofactor of nitrogenase (iron-molybdenum
DE   cofactor; FeMo-co). Fe-Mo cofactor is synthesized in a multistep
DE   process catalysed by several Nif proteins and is finally inserted into
DE   a pre-synthesized apo-dinitrogenase to generate mature dinitrogenase
DE   protein.
SY   iron-molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis; FeMo-co biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17163967.
DR   PubMed; 3470285.
//
ID   ferrichrome biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00783
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of siderophore ferrichrome.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11395469.
DR   PubMed; 8430103.
DR   GO; GO:0031169; P:ferrichrome biosynthetic process.
//
ID   fructoselysine degradation.
AC   UPA00784
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of fructolysine, a fructose molecule containing a lysine
DE   moiety in place of an hydroxyl group. Escherichia coli was found to
DE   grow on fructoselysine as an energetic substrate at a rate of about
DE   one-third of that observed with glucose.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 12147680.
//
ID   melanin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00785
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of melanin, any of the polyacetylene, polyaniline, and
DE   polypyrrole "blacks" and "browns" or their mixed copolymers. The most
DE   common form of biological melanin is a polymer of either or both of
DE   two monomer molecules: indolequinone, and dihydroxyindole carboxylic
DE   acid. Melanin exists in the plant, animal and protista kingdoms, where
DE   it serves as a pigment. The presence of melanin in the archaea and
DE   bacteria kingdoms is still an issue.
HI   UPA00499; pigment biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042438; P:melanin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   sphingolipid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00786
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of sphingolipid compounds, any of a class of lipids
DE   containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related
DE   base (a sphingoid). There are three main types of sphingolipids:
DE   ceramides, sphingomyelins and glycosphingolipids.
HI   UPA00939; membrane lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0030148; P:sphingolipid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   galactosylceramide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00787
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the sphingolipid compounds: galactosylceramide
DE   (galactocerebroside).
SY   galactocerebroside biosynthesis; D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine.
HI   UPA00222; sphingolipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006682; P:galactosylceramide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   glucocorticoid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00788
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glucocorticoid compounds, a class of steroid hormones
DE   (corticosteroids) characterised by an ability to bind with the
DE   glucocorticoid receptor (GR).
HI   UPA00062; steroid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006704; P:glucocorticoid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00789
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate)
DE   teichoic acid.
SY   poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) TA
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
//
ID   poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00790
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid.
SY   poly(ribitol phosphate) TA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
//
ID   D-gluconate degradation.
AC   UPA00792
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-gluconic acid. .
SY   gluconate utilization system GNT-I.
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046177; P:D-gluconate catabolic process.
//
ID   L-idonate degradation.
AC   UPA00793
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-idonate. The pathway for catabolism of L-idonate,
DE   which proceeds via a D-gluconate intermediate, was originally thought
DE   to be gluconate utilization system GntII.
SY   gluconate utilization system GNT-II.
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 14973046.
DR   GO; GO:0046183; P:L-idonate catabolic process.
//
ID   glucosylglycerol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00795
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glucosylglycerol, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-
DE   alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.
SY   alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0051473; P:glucosylglycerol biosynthetic process.
//
ID   UDP-alpha-D-xylose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00796
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of UDP-D-xylose, a nucleotide sugar used to initiate
DE   glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis on the core protein of proteoglycans.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11877387.
DR   GO; GO:0033320; P:UDP-D-xylose biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00500; Starch and sucrose metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   UDP-L-arabinose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00797
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the nucleotide sugar, UDP-arabinose.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12566589.
DR   GO; GO:0033358; P:UDP-L-arabinose biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   zeaxanthin diglucoside biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00798
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of zeaxanthin diglucoside, a glycosylated xantophyll
DE   carotenoid.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   phytoene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00799
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phytoene, an acyclic carotene precursor to
DE   carotenoids.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   delta-carotene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00801
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of delta-carotene, a cyclic carotene compound.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   beta-carotene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00802
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of beta-carotene, a cyclic carotene compound.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   lycopene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00803
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lycopene, a bright red carotenoid pigment found in
DE   tomatoes and other red fruits.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   alpha-zeacarotene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00804
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of alpha-zeacarotene, a cyclic carotene compound.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   beta-zeacarotene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00805
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of beta-zeacarotene, a cyclic carotene compound.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   capsanthin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00806
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of capsanthin, a xantophyll carotenoid.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00906; Carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   capsorubin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00807
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of capsorubin, a xantophyll carotenoid.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00906; Carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   dibenzofuran degradation.
AC   UPA00808
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of dibenzofuran. Dibenzofuran is created as by-products
DE   during industrial processes such as incineration, paper bleaching, and
DE   chemical synthesis. It has also been used as an insecticide, and is
DE   formed from the photolysis of chlorinated biphenyl ethers. Several
DE   species of bacteria capable degrading dibenzofuran have been
DE   identified, including Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Terrabacter,
DE   Microbacterium, and Rhodococcus.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 8981980.
DR   PubMed; 8226678.
DR   GO; GO:0019340; P:dibenzofuran catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00621; Dioxin degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb090>.
//
ID   dibenzo-p-dioxin degradation.
AC   UPA00809
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene
DE   rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxin is created as by-
DE   products during industrial processes such as incineration, paper
DE   bleaching, and chemical synthesis.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0019341; P:dibenzo-p-dioxin catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00621; Dioxin degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7fd0>.
//
ID   D-xylose degradation.
AC   UPA00810
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0042843; P:D-xylose catabolic process.
//
ID   Vi-antigen biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00811
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of Vi antigen, a capsular polysaccharide expressed by
DE   Salmonella typhi, the agent of human typhoid fever.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   D-sorbitol degradation.
AC   UPA00812
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of sorbitol, one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols.
SY   D-glucitol degradation.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006062; P:sorbitol catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00051; Fructose and mannose metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7dd0>.
//
ID   D-gluconate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00814
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid. .
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046178; P:D-gluconate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00030; Pentose phosphate pathway.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   D-sorbitol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00815
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of sorbitol, one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols.
SY   D-glucitol biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006061; P:sorbitol biosynthetic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb410>.
//
ID   dTDP-6-deoxy-L-altrose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00816
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dTDP-6-deoxy-L-altrose, a nucleotide sugar.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 7692217.
//
ID   dTDP-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxygalactose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00817
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dTDP-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxygalactose
DE   (dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc), a nucleotide sugar.
SY   dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 7559340.
//
ID   CDP-ascarylose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00818
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of CDP-ascarylose, one of the naturally occurring
DE   3,6-dideoxyhexoses usually confined to the cell wall
DE   lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria.
HI   UPA00304; nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8288541.
//
ID   spermidine metabolism.
AC   UPA00819
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of spermidine polyamine.
HI   UPA00455; amine and polyamine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0008216; P:spermidine metabolic process.
//
ID   lacto-N-neotetraose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00820
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose, an oligosaccharide found in the
DE   terminal position of lipooligosaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   exopolysaccharide EPS I biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00821
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide EPS I. .
SY   EPS I biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 7476194.
DR   PubMed; 8626297.
//
ID   histamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00822
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of histamine (2-(4-imidazolyl)ethylamine). This
DE   physiologically active amine is derived from the decarboxylation of
DE   the amino-acid histidine, a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme
DE   L-histidine decarboxylase. .
SY   2-(4-imidazolyl)ethylamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00289; amine and polyamine biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 2216786.
DR   PubMed; 15612036.
DR   GO; GO:0001694; P:histamine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00340; Histidine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   myo-inositol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00823
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of myo-inositol (cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-cyclohexanehexol),
DE   arbocyclic polyol that plays an important role as the structural basis
DE   for a number of secondary messengers in eukaryotic cells, including
DE   inositol phosphates, phosphatidylinositol (PI) and
DE   phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) lipids. .
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006021; P:inositol biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00521; Streptomycin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00562; Inositol phosphate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map04070; Phosphatidylinositol signaling system.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f50>.
//
ID   salicylate degradation.
AC   UPA00824
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of salicylic acid, an intermediate in degradation of
DE   phenol and naphtalene compounds. .
SY   UPC00805 meta-cleavage pathway.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046244; P:salicylic acid catabolic process.
//
ID   trans-4-coumarate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00825
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 4-coumaric acid (trans-4-hydroxycinnamic acid), a
DE   phenylpropanoid compound.
SY   4-hydroxycinnamic acid biosynthesis; trans-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
SY   biosynthesis; p-coumaric acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00710; phenylpropanoid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00360; Phenylalanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00940; Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   spermine metabolism.
AC   UPA00826
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of spermine by the addition of a propylamine moiety to
DE   spermidine.
SY   N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butanediamine metabolism.
HI   UPA00455; amine and polyamine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0008215; P:spermine metabolic process.
//
ID   poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00827
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid.
SY   poly(glycerol phosphate) TA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
//
ID   poly(glucosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00828
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of poly(glucosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate)
DE   teichoic acid.
SY   poly(glucosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) TA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
//
ID   nicotinate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00830
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of nicotinic acid, also known as niacin or vitamin B3, a
DE   water-soluble vitamin. .
SY   niacin biosynthesis; vitamin B3 biosynthesis; nicotinic acid
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00760; Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   heme O biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00834
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of heme O, a derivative of heme containing a 17-carbon
DE   hydroxyethylfarnesyl side chain at position 8 of the tetrapyrrole
DE   macrocycle. Heme O is a precursor in heme A biosyntesis. Warning: the
DE   biochemical reactions composing this pathway are not yet clearly
DE   defined.
HI   UPA00677; porphyrin metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8082800.
DR   PubMed; 1336371.
DR   GO; GO:0048034; P:heme O biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00860; Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate degradation.
AC   UPA00835
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (3-HPP) into
DE   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid.
DE   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid is ultimately degraded to KREBS
DE   cycle intermediates. This pathway is common to 3-phenylpropionic acid
DE   degradation pathway, so it is recorded in a separate pathway.
SY   3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid degradation; 3-hydroxyphenylpropionate
SY   degradation; 3-HPP degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
//
ID   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate degradation.
AC   UPA00836
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid to KREBS cycle
DE   intermediates. .
SY   2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropanoate degradation;
SY   2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid degradation;
SY   2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
//
ID   melatonin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00837
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine), a naturally
DE   occurring hormone found in most animals and some of other living
DE   organisms, including algae.
SY   5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0030187; P:melatonin biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00380; Tryptophan metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   amoeba cellulose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00838
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of amoeba cellulose.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   tartrate degradation.
AC   UPA00839
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of tartrate, an aldaric acid that occurs naturally in many
DE   plants, particularly grapes, bananas, and tamarinds, and is one of the
DE   main acids found in wine.
SY   2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid degradation; tartrate utilization;
SY   tartaric acid degradation.
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10339827.
DR   PubMed; 7592429.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
//
ID   thiamine degradation.
AC   UPA00841
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of thiamin (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin.
SY   vitamin B1 degradation.
HI   UPA00398; cofactor metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0009230; P:thiamine catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00730; Thiamine metabolism.
//
ID   taxol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00842
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the diterpenoid taxol (generic name paclitaxel).
DE   Paclitaxel is a highly effective anticancer drug used widely in the
DE   treatment of various carcinomas, melanomas, and sarcomas. This
DE   structurally complex taxane diterpenoid (taxoid) was first isolated
DE   from the bark of the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia Nutt.).
SY   paclitaxel biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11524108.
DR   GO; GO:0042617; P:paclitaxel biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00904; Diterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   zeaxanthin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00843
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of zeaxanthin, one of the most common carotenoid alcohols
DE   found in nature. It is the pigment that gives corn, saffron, and many
DE   other plants their characteristic color.
HI   UPA00386; carotenoid biosynthesis.
//
ID   teichuronic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00844
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of teichuronic acid, a phosphate-free carbohydrate
DE   polymer containing glucuronic acid.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
DR   PubMed; 12473097.
DR   PubMed; 10627039.
DR   GO; GO:0050845; P:teichuronic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   pectin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00845
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of
DE   alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues.
SY   poly(1,4-alpha-D-galacturonide) biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0045489; P:pectin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   serotonin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00846
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT), a monoamine
DE   neurotransmitter. Serotonin is synthesized in serotonergic neurons in
DE   the central nervous system (CNS) and enterochromaffin cells in the
DE   gastrointestinal tract of animals including humans. Serotonin is also
DE   found in many mushrooms and plants, including fruits and vegetables.
DE   In plants, serotonin is implicated in several physiological roles such
DE   as flowering, morphogenesis, and adaptation to environmental changes.
SY   5-HT biosynthesis; 5-hydroxytryptamine biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0042427; P:serotonin biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00380; Tryptophan metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00848
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of dihydroneopterin triphosphate, the first committed
DE   intermediate in the biosynthetic pathways of tetrahydrofolate in
DE   plants and microorganisms and of tetrahydrobiopterin in animals.
SY   NH2TP biosynthesis;
SY   6-d-threo-1',2',3'-hydroxypropyl-7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate
SY   biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00790; Folate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00849
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (sapropterin, BH4, H4-biopterin).
DE   Tetrahydrobiopterin is an essential cofactor of a set of enzymes that
DE   are of central metabolic importance, i.e. the hydroxylases of the
DE   three aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, of
DE   ether lipid oxidase, and of the three nitric oxide synthase (NOS)
DE   isoenzymes. Tetrahydrobiopterin is a naturally occurring essential
DE   cofactor of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylases;
DE   phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase, tyrosine-3-hydroxylase and
DE   tryptophan-5-hydroxylase. Tetrahydrobiopterin is also essential for
DE   the synthesis of nitric oxide by nitric oxide synthase (NOS).
SY   sapropterin biosynthesis; H4-biopterin biosynthesis;
SY   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis; BH4 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17220358.
DR   GO; GO:0006729; P:tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00790; Folate biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00850
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamates, a group of folate
DE   derivative compounds comprising tetrahydrofolate attached to a chain
DE   of glutamate residues. In organisms that require exogenous folates for
DE   growth (Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus faecalis, mammals), highly
DE   anionic polyglutamate chain of folate (four glutamate residues or
DE   more) retard transport through the cell membrane. This is the
DE   mechanism thought to be responsible for the accumulation and
DE   maintenance of cellular folate pools. cell membrane.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 18232714.
DR   PubMed; 2688305.
DR   GO; GO:0046901; P:tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate biosynthetic process.
//
ID   mitomycin C biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00851
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mitomycin C, the first recognized bioreductive
DE   alkylating agent, widely used clinically for antitumor therapy.
DE   Mitomycinan are aziridine-containing natural products isolated from
DE   Streptomyces lavendulae.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10094699.
DR   PubMed; 10099135.
//
ID   morphine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00852
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of morphine, an isoquinolin alkaloid.
HI   UPA00446; alkaloid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 2012614.
//
ID   nisin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00853
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of nisin, a 34-residue antibacterial peptide (lantibiotic
DE   family). Nisin is produced by several strains of Lactococcus lactis
DE   and strongly inhibits the growth of a broad range of gram-positive
DE   bacteria.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8478324.
DR   PubMed; 7689965.
//
ID   nopaline degradation.
AC   UPA00855
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of nopaline (N-(I-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)glutamic acid),
DE   a rare amino-acid derivative.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 8478324.
DR   PubMed; 7689965.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate degradation.
AC   UPA00856
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconic acid, a product of pectin
DE   or galacturonate degradation. .
HI   UPA00857; carbohydrate acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00030; Pentose phosphate pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   heparin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00862
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of heparin.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11274177.
DR   GO; GO:0030210; P:heparin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   butanoate metabolism.
AC   UPA00863
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of butanoate (butyrate), a 4-carbon saturated
DE   monocarboxylic acid. This fatty acid occurs in the form of esters in
DE   animal fats and plant oils.
SY   butyrate metabolism.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0019605; P:butyrate metabolic process.
//
ID   glycolate degradation.
AC   UPA00864
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of glycolic acid into 3-phospho-D-glyceric acid (an
DE   aldonic acid).
SY   hydroxyacetic acid degradation; hydroxyethanoic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00698; organic acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046296; P:glycolate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00561; Glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   glycolate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00865
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glycolic acid (hydroxyacetic acid, hydroxyethanoic
DE   acid).
SY   hydroxyacetic acid biosynthesis; hydroxyethanoic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00698; organic acid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046295; P:glycolate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   Ehrlich pathway.
AC   UPA00866
CL   Pathway.
DE   Catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and
DE   isoleucine), aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and
DE   trytophan), and the sulfur-containing amino acid (methionine) leads to
DE   the formation of fusel acids and fusel alcohols.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 18281432.
DR   GO; GO:0000955; P:amino acid catabolic process via Ehrlich pathway.
//
ID   L-lysine degradation via saccharopine pathway.
AC   UPA00868
CL   Pathway.
DE   The mitochondrial pathway of L-lysine degradation via saccharopine is
DE   the major mammalian pathway for lysine degradation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   GO; GO:0033512; P:L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA via
DR   saccharopine.
DR   KEGG; map00300; Lysine biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00310; Lysine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd150>.
//
ID   L-lysine degradation via acetylation pathway.
AC   UPA00869
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of L-lysine via acetylation pathway. In this fungal
DE   pathway, L-lysine is degraded to glutarate via acetylation of the
DE   6-amino group to the initial product N6-acetyl-L-lysine. This is
DE   followed by transamination, oxidative decarboxylation, deacetylation,
DE   transamination with loss of the second amino group, and oxidation to
DE   glutarate.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 8082161.
DR   PubMed; 15229592.
DR   GO; GO:0019473; P:L-lysine catabolic process to glutarate, by
DR   acetylation.
DR   KEGG; map00310; Lysine degradation.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bd090>.
//
ID   L-lysine degradation via acetate pathway.
AC   UPA00870
CL   Pathway.
DE   UPC00047 fermentation process into acetate, butanoate and ammonia.
SY   UPC00047 fermentation.
HI   UPA00427; amino-acid degradation.
DR   PubMed; 10629195.
DR   PubMed; 10839984.
DR   PubMed; 17166837.
DR   GO; GO:0019475; P:L-lysine catabolic process to acetate.
//
ID   2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00872
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA), a cyclic
DE   hydroxamic acid. This secondary metabolites found predominantly in
DE   Gramineae such as many maize (Zea mays). .
SY   DIBOA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00464; secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9235894.
DR   KEGG; map00400; Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00402; Benzoxazinoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f50>.
//
ID   (R)-mandelate degradation.
AC   UPA00873
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of mandelic acid. This pathway provides the means to allow
DE   a variety of pseudomonads, including Pseudomonas putida, to use one or
DE   both enantiomers of mandelic acid as the sole carbon source.
SY   alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid degradation, a 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy
SY   acid (AHA) ..
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 12670968.
DR   PubMed; 2271624.
DR   GO; GO:0019596; P:mandelate catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00627; Aminobenzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   HC-toxin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00874
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of HC-toxin, a cyclic tetrapeptide of structure
DE   cyclo(D-Pro-L-Ala-D-Ala-L-Aeo), where Aeo stands for
DE   2-amino-9,10-epoxi-8-oxodecanoic acid HC-toxin is an essential
DE   virulence determinant for the plant pathogenic fungus Cochliobolus
DE   carbonum and an inhibitor of histone deacetylase. .
HI   UPA00478; mycotoxin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16839576.
//
ID   lovastatin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00875
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lovastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor produced by
DE   the fungus Aspergillus terreus. Lovastatin is composed of two
DE   polyketide chains.
HI   UPA00473; polyketide biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10381407.
//
ID   leukotriene A4 biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00877
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of leukotriene A4 (LTA4).
SY   LTA4 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   leukotriene B4 biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00878
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of leukotriene B4 (LTB4).
SY   LTB4 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   leukotriene C4 biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00879
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of leukotriene C4 (LTC4).
SY   LTC4 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   leukotriene D4 biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00880
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of leukotriene D4 (LTD4).
SY   LTD4 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   hydroperoxy eicosatetraenoic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00881
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of hydroperoxy (e)icosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs), the
DE   primary products of lipoxygenase-catalysed oxygenation of arachidonic
DE   acid.
SY   HPETE biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   leukotriene B4 degradation.
AC   UPA00883
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of leukotriene B4 (LTB4).
SY   LTB4 degradation.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
//
ID   protein neddylation.
AC   UPA00885
CL   Pathway.
DE   Covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 (RUB1) to
DE   another protein.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 11698580.
DR   GO; GO:0045116; P:protein neddylation.
//
ID   protein sumoylation.
AC   UPA00886
CL   Pathway.
DE   Covalent modification of cellular proteins by the ubiquitin-like
DE   modifier SUMO. Protein sumoylation regulates various cellular
DE   processes, such as nuclear transport, signal transduction, stress
DE   response and cell-cycle progression. .
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 11265250.
DR   GO; GO:0016925; P:protein sumoylation.
//
ID   limonene degradation.
AC   UPA00888
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of limonene (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene), a
DE   monocyclic monoterpene. Limonene is the most widespread terpene in the
DE   world and is formed by more than 300 plants.
SY   DL-limonene degradation; cajeputene degradation; kautschin
SY   degradation; 4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene degradation.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10224006.
DR   GO; GO:0046251; P:limonene catabolic process.
//
ID   melamine degradation.
AC   UPA00889
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of melamine (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine). Melamine is a
DE   metabolite of cyromazine, a pesticide. It is formed in the body of
DE   mammals who have ingested cyromazine. It was also reported that
DE   cyromazine is converted to melamine in plants.
SY   1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 7592318.
//
ID   lignin degradation.
AC   UPA00892
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of lignin, a class of polymers of phenylpropanoid units.
HI   UPA00465; secondary metabolite metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046274; P:lignin catabolic process.
//
ID   diglucosyl-diacylglycerol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00894
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of diglucosyl-diacylglycerol, a component of membrane
DE   glycolipids.
HI   UPA00505; glycolipid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 16936038.
DR   PubMed; 10515954.
DR   PubMed; 16199561.
DR   PubMed; 12618464.
DR   GO; GO:0009246; P:enterobacterial common antigen biosynthetic process.
//
ID   methylamine degradation.
AC   UPA00895
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of methylamine into formaldehyde (methanal).
SY   formaldehyde biosynthesis; methanal biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA degradation.
AC   UPA00896
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of HMG-CoA ((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA) into
DE   acetoacetic acid. HMG-CoA is an intermediate in the mevalonic acid and
DE   leucine degradation pathways. .
SY   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA; ketone biosynthesis; ketogenesis.
HI   UPA00496; metabolic intermediate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00072; Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   glyceollin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00898
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of glyceollins. The glyceollins belong to the
DE   isoflavonoid phytoalexins.
HI   UPA00421; phytoalexin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 1840523.
//
ID   methoxydianthramide B biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00900
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of methoxydianthramide B
DE   (N-benzoyl-4-O-methoxyanthranilate), a phenylpropanoid phytoalexin.
SY   N-benzoyl-4-O-methoxyanthranilate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00421; phytoalexin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9869425.
//
ID   pterocarpan phytoalexin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00901
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pterocarpan phytoalexins (medicarpin and maackian).
HI   UPA00421; phytoalexin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 1915347.
//
ID   medicarpin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00902
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of medicarpin, the major phytoalexin in alfalfa.
DE   Medicarpin is synthesized via the isoflavonoid branch of
DE   phenylpropanoid metabolism.
HI   UPA00421; phytoalexin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 1915347.
DR   PubMed; 9484461.
//
ID   L-methionine biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00904
CL   Pathway.
DE   The methionine salvage pathway (MSP) is an important metabolic pathway
DE   in maintaining the amount of L-methionine as the amount of methionine
DE   in cells is typically limiting and its de novo biosynthesis is
DE   energetically expensive. Therefore, L-methionine is salvaged from
DE   S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (MTA), the end-product of spermidine
DE   biosynthesis.
SY   2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid salvage; methionine salvage
SY   pathway (MSP).
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0019509; P:L-methionine salvage from methylthioadenosine.
DR   KEGG; map00270; Cysteine and methionine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00906
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec). If the pathway for
DE   selenocysteine biosynthesis differs in bacteria from that present in
DE   eukaryotes and archaea; tRNA(Sec) remains a common factor for
DE   selenocysteine formation among the three kingdoms.
HI   UPA00905; aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00450; Selenocompound metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00970; Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-deoxystreptamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00907
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine (DOS).
SY   DOS biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00415; metabolic intermediate biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 14969406.
DR   PubMed; 15313224.
DR   PubMed; 14757238.
DR   KEGG; map00524; Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   ppGpp biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00908
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ppGpp (guanosine tetraphosphate, guanosine
DE   5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate), a derivative of guanine riboside. The
DE   stringent response to amino acid starvation, whereby stable RNA
DE   synthesis is curtailed in favour of transcription of amino acid
DE   biosynthetic genes, is controlled by the alarmone ppGpp.
SY   5'-ppGpp-3' biosynthesis; guanosine tetraphosphate biosynthesis;
SY   guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0015970; P:guanosine tetraphosphate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b8dd0>.
//
ID   GMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
AC   UPA00909
CL   Pathway.
DE   GMP biosynthesis from guanine (salvage pathway).
SY   guanosine monophosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway; guanosine
SY   5'-phosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway; GMP salvage.
HI   UPA00583; purine metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0032263; P:GMP salvage.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   sulfatase oxidation.
AC   UPA00910
CL   Pathway.
DE   Maturation of sulfatase through oxidation of a specific cysteine to
DE   Calpha-formylglycine (Fgly), a catalytic residue in their active site.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 9342345.
DR   PubMed; 16368756.
//
ID   retinol metabolism.
AC   UPA00912
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of retinol, the animal form of vitamin A. Retinol is a fat-
DE   soluble vitamin important in vision and bone growth. It belongs to the
DE   family of chemical compounds known as retinoids.
SY   vitamin A metabolism.
HI   UPA00398; cofactor metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0042572; P:retinol metabolic process.
//
ID   myo-inositol metabolism.
AC   UPA00914
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of myo-inositol (cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-cyclohexanehexol),
DE   arbocyclic polyol that plays an important role as the structural basis
DE   for a number of secondary messengers in eukaryotic cells, including
DE   inositol phosphates, phosphatidylinositol (PI) and
DE   phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) lipids. .
HI   UPA00613; polyol metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006020; P:inositol metabolic process.
//
ID   mycolic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00915
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mycolic acids. Mycolic acids are essential elements of
DE   the mycobacterial envelope.
HI   UPA00436; lipid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9044265.
//
ID   D-ribose degradation.
AC   UPA00916
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of D-ribose carbohydrate. D-ribose, which can serve as a
DE   total source of carbon and energy for E. coli, enters the cell via a
DE   high-affinity ABC transport system and hence in unphosphorylated form.
DE   The ribose ABC transporter facilitates transport of
DE   beta-D-ribopyranose. which is converted to furanose forms of
DE   beta-D-ribose. Interconversion of the alpha- and beta-anomers of
DE   D-ribofuranose is fast and spontaneous. It is then converted to
DE   D-ribose-5-phosphate, an intermediate of the pentose phosphate
DE   pathway.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15060078.
DR   GO; GO:0019303; P:D-ribose catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00030; Pentose phosphate pathway.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c10>.
//
ID   poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutanoate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00917
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB), a homopolymer of
DE   D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate that belongs to a family of naturally
DE   occurring, biodegradable polyesters, known as polyhydroxyalkanoates
DE   (PHA). PHB is a storage material produced by a variety of bacteria in
DE   response to environmental stress. PHA act as reserve compounds for
DE   carbon, energy, and reducing equivalents and are of interest because
DE   their material properties make them a potential alternative to some
DE   petroleum-based thermoplastics.
SY   polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis; PHB biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00316; biopolymer metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 15691921.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7bd0>.
//
ID   patulin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00918
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of patulin, a mycotoxin produced by 14 species of the
DE   genus Penicillium and is most likely to be found in fruits, silage and
DE   dung. Patulin is also an antibiotic.
HI   UPA00478; mycotoxin biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 2209605.
//
ID   2-oxosuberate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00919
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 2-oxosuberate (alpha-ketosuberate), a precursor to
DE   coenzyme B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate) and biotin.
SY   alpha-ketosuberate biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00698; organic acid metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 9665716.
DR   PubMed; 10940051.
//
ID   pyruvate fermentation.
AC   UPA00920
CL   Pathway.
DE   Conversion of pyruvate (the final product of glycolysis) to formic
DE   acid in the absence of oxygen.
HI   UPA00553; fermentation.
DR   KEGG; map00620; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   mRNA capping.
AC   UPA00922
CL   Pathway.
DE   The 5' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs and many viral mRNAs harbor a
DE   m7GpppN cap structure that plays a critical role in the translation
DE   and stability of mRNAs. Biosynthesis of this cap structure involves
DE   three distinct enzymatic activities: (i) the 5' end of pre-mRNAs is
DE   initially hydrolyzed to a diphosphate end by an RNA triphosphatase;
DE   (ii) the diphosphate end of the mRNA is then capped with GMP by an RNA
DE   guanylyltransferase, and finally, (iii) the cap is methylated by an
DE   RNA (guanine-7) methyltransferase. Addition of the 7-methylguanosine
DE   cap to the 5' end of a eukaryotic mRNA transcript.
SY   messenger RNA capping.
HI   UPA00921; mRNA processing.
DR   PubMed; 11051760.
DR   PubMed; 18298088.
DR   GO; GO:0006370; P:mRNA capping.
//
ID   nitrobenzene degradation.
AC   UPA00923
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of nitrobenzene. Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45
DE   utilizes nitrobenzene as the sole source of nitrogen, carbon, and
DE   energy. Some studies have shown that degradation of nitrobenzene
DE   involves the reduction of nitrobenzene to nitrosobenzene and
DE   hydroxylaminobenzene, followed by rearrangement to 2-aminophenol,
DE   which then undergoes meta ring cleavage to 2-aminomuconic
DE   semialdehyde. Comamonas sp. JS765 can also use nitrobenzene as the
DE   sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. It inserts dioxygen
DE   directly into nitrobenzene, with concomitant reduction of the
DE   substrate to form catechol.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 9573204.
DR   PubMed; 9471964.
//
ID   oleoresin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00924
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of oleoresin, a complex mixture of mono-, sesqui-, and
DE   diterpenoids that accumulates at the wound site to kill invaders and
DE   both flush and seal the injury.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11337413.
//
ID   stachyose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00925
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of stachyose, the tetrasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl a
DE   lpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D
DE   -glucopyranoside.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11675396.
DR   GO; GO:0033532; P:stachyose biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00052; Galactose metabolism.
//
ID   oxytetracycline biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00926
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of oxytetracycline, an acetate-derived polyketide
DE   antibiotic that belongs to the broad-spectrum tetracycline group.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 8163168.
//
ID   formaldehyde assimilation via serine pathway.
AC   UPA00927
CL   Pathway.
DE   The serine cycle for formaldehyde assimilation (QSC) is the main
DE   assimilatory pathway for methylotrophic growth. .
SY   serine cycle; serine pathway.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8509332.
DR   PubMed; 16237034.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7b50>.
//
ID   methanol degradation.
AC   UPA00928
CL   Pathway.
DE   Conversion of methanol into forrmaldehyde. .
SY   formaldehyde biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00445; one-carbon metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 1644761.
DR   GO; GO:0046170; P:methanol catabolic process.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA degradation.
AC   UPA00929
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of succinyl-CoA into acetoacetyl-CoA.
HI   UPA00408; ketone metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 12463743.
DR   KEGG; map00072; Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00650; Butanoate metabolism.
//
ID   phenylacetate degradation.
AC   UPA00930
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of phenylacetic acid (PAA, benzeneacetic acid), an organic
DE   compound containing a phenyl functional group and an acetic acid
DE   functional group. Phenylacetic acid is a common source of carbon and
DE   energy for a wide variety of microorganisms.
SY   benzeneacetic acid degradation; PA degradation; PAA degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 17259607.
DR   PubMed; 9748275.
DR   GO; GO:0010124; P:phenylacetate catabolic process.
//
ID   capsule polysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00934
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polysaccharides that make up the capsule, a
DE   mucopolysaccharide protective structure surrounding some species of
DE   bacteria and fungi.
SY   CPS biosynthesis; capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00933; capsule biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045227; P:capsule polysaccharide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   slime polysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00936
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polysaccharides in the slime layer, a diffused layer
DE   of polysaccharide exterior to the bacterial cell wall.
HI   UPA00935; slime biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045228; P:slime layer polysaccharide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   p-cumate degradation.
AC   UPA00937
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of p-cumic acid, an aromatic hydrocarbon compound.
SY   p-cumic acid degradation; p-isopropylbenzoic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 8631713.
DR   KEGG; map00360; Phenylalanine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00362; Benzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00621; Dioxin degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00622; Xylene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   glycerophospholipid metabolism.
AC   UPA00940
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate
DE   that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group
DE   attached to the glycerol residue.
HI   UPA00939; membrane lipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006650; P:glycerophospholipid metabolic process.
//
ID   phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway.
AC   UPA00944
CL   Pathway.
DE   Phosphatidylinositol is the substrate for a large number of enzymes
DE   which are involved in cell signaling because it can be phosphorylated
DE   by a variety of kinases on the hydroxyl groups 3, 4 and 5 on the
DE   inositol ring in seven different combinations.
HI   UPA00943; signal transduction.
//
ID   propanoyl-CoA degradation.
AC   UPA00945
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of propionyl-CoA.
HI   UPA00496; metabolic intermediate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00280; Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00640; Propanoate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00720; Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   propanoate degradation.
AC   UPA00946
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of propionic acid, an organic acid.
SY   propionate degradation; propionic acid degradation.
HI   UPA00698; organic acid metabolism.
//
ID   phosphatidylserine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00948
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of
DE   glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to
DE   the hydroxyl group of L-serine. [source: GO].
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006659; P:phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process.
//
ID   phosphatidylinositol metabolism.
AC   UPA00949
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid with its sn-
DE   glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of
DE   1D-myo-inositol. [source: GO].
HI   UPA00085; phospholipid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046488; P:phosphatidylinositol metabolic process.
//
ID   photorespiration.
AC   UPA00951
CL   Pathway.
DE   Photorespiration involves three organelles: the chloroplast, the
DE   peroxisome, and the mitochondria. At conditions of low CO2
DE   concentration and high O2 concentration, ribulose bisphosphate is
DE   oxidized to 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycolate. The two-carbon
DE   molecule, 2-phosphoglycolate is converted to glycine. The
DE   decarboxylation of two glycines generates serine, CO2 and NH3. Serine
DE   is further converted to 3-phosphoglycerate. 3-phosphoglycerate
DE   generated from photorespiration re-enters the CO2 fixation Calvin
DE   cycle. NH3 is re-fixed by glutamine synthetase. The outcome of
DE   photorespiration is loss of CO2 and energy in photosynthetic cells.
DE   The biological function of photorespiration is not clear. One
DE   possibility is that photorespiration is necessary under conditions of
DE   high light intensity and low CO2 concentration (i.e. when stomata is
DE   closed under water stress) to dissipate excess ATP and reducing power
DE   from the photosynthesis light reactions, thus to prevent damage to the
DE   photosynthetic apparatus. [MetaCyc].
SY   C2 photorespiratory carbon oxidation cycle; C2 pathway; PCO cycle;
SY   oxidative photosynthetic carbon pathway.
HI   UPA00091; photosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009854; P:oxidative photosynthetic carbon pathway.
DR   KEGG; map00260; Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00460; Cyanoamino acid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00561; Glycerolipid metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00630; Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00670; One carbon pool by folate.
DR   KEGG; map00680; Methane metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bc290>.
//
ID   proanthocyanidin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00952
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of proanthocyanidins (oligomeric proanthocyanidins or
DE   OPCs), a class of flavonoid complexes found in sea buckthorn oil and
DE   grape seeds and skin. Proanthocyanidin act as antioxidants (free
DE   radical scavengers) in the human body.
HI   UPA00709; flavonoid metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0010023; P:proanthocyanidin biosynthetic process.
//
ID   spore coat polysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00953
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of spore coat polysaccharides.
HI   UPA00950; spore coat biogenesis.
//
ID   vitamin D biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00954
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of vitamin D, a group of fat-soluble prohormones, the two
DE   major forms of which are vitamin D2 (or ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3
DE   (or cholecalciferol). The term vitamin D also refers to metabolites
DE   and other analogues of these substances. Vitamin D3 is produced in
DE   skin exposed to sunlight, specifically ultraviolet B radiation.
HI   UPA00435; hormone biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042368; P:vitamin D biosynthetic process.
//
ID   cholecalciferol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00955
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3).
SY   vitamin D(3) biosythesis.
HI   UPA00435; hormone biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-fucose metabolism.
AC   UPA00956
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of the methylpentose L-fucose (6-deoxygalactose).
SY   6-deoxygalactose metabolism.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0006004; P:fucose metabolic process.
//
ID   N-glycan metabolism.
AC   UPA00957
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of asparagine (N)-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans).
SY   N-linked oligosaccharide metabolism.
HI   UPA00441; glycan metabolism.
//
ID   LPS core biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00958
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the core region of bacterial lipopolysaccharides
DE   (LPS).
SY   lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009244; P:lipopolysaccharide core region biosynthetic process.
//
ID   phosphonate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00960
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phosphonates, i.e organic compounds containing one or
DE   more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups.
HI   UPA00959; phosphorus metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10571990.
DR   GO; GO:0032923; P:phosphonate biosynthetic process.
//
ID   ginkgolide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00961
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ginkgolide derivatives, biologically active terpenic
DE   lactones present in Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgolides have a diterpenoid
DE   structure, i.e. it has 20-carbon skeleton and are synthesized from
DE   geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
//
ID   cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00963
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of polysaccharides that make up the cell wall.
HI   UPA00547; cell wall biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045227; P:capsule polysaccharide biosynthetic process.
//
ID   butirosin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00964
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of butirosin, a water-soluble aminoglycosidic antibiotic
DE   complex isolated from fermentation filtrates of bacillus circulans.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12374384.
//
ID   kanamycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00965
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of kanamycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   gentamicin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00967
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   lividomycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00968
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lividomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   neomycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00969
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   paromomycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00970
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of paromomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   tobramycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00971
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   ribostamycin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00972
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ribostamycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
//
ID   LPS lipid A biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00973
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of lipid A, the glycolipid moiety of bacterial
DE   lipopolysaccharides, consisting of six fatty acyl chains linked to two
DE   glucosamine residues.
SY   lipopolysaccharide lipid A biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009245; P:lipid A biosynthetic process.
//
ID   pentalenolactone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00974
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of pentalenolactone, a sesquiterpenoid antibiotic, first
DE   isolated in 1957 from Streptomyces roseogriseus and subsequently found
DE   in the extracts of numerous Streptomyces species. Pentalenolactone has
DE   been shown to be active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative
DE   bacteria as well as a variety of fungi and protozoa and to inhibit the
DE   replication of DNA viruses such as HSV-1 and HSV-2. Pentalenolactone
DE   also inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 16681390.
//
ID   prenylquinone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00975
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of prenylquinone, a group of benzoquinone (ubiquinone,
DE   plastoquinone) with isoprenyl side chain.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10198110.
//
ID   LOS core biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00976
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the core region of bacterial lipoolidosaccharides
DE   (LOS).
HI   UPA00324; bacterial outer membrane biogenesis.
//
ID   S-layer biogenesis.
AC   UPA00977
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biogenesis of S-layer structure, a crystalline protein layer
DE   surrounding some bacteria.
HI   UPA00932; cell surface structure biogenesis.
DR   GO; GO:0045232; P:S-layer organization.
//
ID   calcium-dependent antibiotic biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00979
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of the calcium-dependent antibiotics (CDAs). CDAs belong
DE   to the group of structurally related acidic lipopetide antibiotics,
DE   which include A54145, daptomycin, friulimicins and amphomycins. All of
DE   these nonribosomally biosynthesized lipopeptides contain N-terminal
DE   fatty acid side chains, which is a trans-2,3-epoxyhexanoyl moiety in
DE   the case of CDA, along with decapeptide lactone or lactam cores. .
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17373765.
DR   PubMed; 17322197.
//
ID   colanic acid biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00980
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of colanic acid (M-antigen), an exopolysaccharide common
DE   to many enterobacteria.
SY   M-antigen biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00631; exopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0009242; P:colanic acid biosynthetic process.
//
ID   quinolobactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00981
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of quinolobactin (8-hydroxy-4-methoxy-quinaldic acid), a
DE   siderophore produced by some pseudomonas species.
SY   8-hydroxy-4-methoxy-quinaldic acid biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 10653708.
DR   PubMed; 15066027.
//
ID   limonene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00982
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of limonene (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene), a
DE   monocyclic monoterpene. Limonene is the most widespread terpene in the
DE   world and is formed by more than 300 plants.
SY   4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046250; P:limonene biosynthetic process.
//
ID   (4R)-limonene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00983
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of D-limonene ((+)-4R-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene),
DE   a monocyclic monoterpene.
SY   alpha-limonene biosynthesis; (+)-4R-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene
SY   biosynthesis; D-limonene biosynthesis; (+)-limonene biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00902; Monoterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   (4S)-limonene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00984
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-limonene ((-)-4S-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene),
DE   a monocyclic monoterpene.
SY   (-)-limonene biosyntesis; (-)-4S-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene
SY   biosynthesis; L-limonene biosynthesis; beta-limonene biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00902; Monoterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   (-)-alpha-pinene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00985
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of (-)-alpha-pinene
DE   ((1S,5S)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene), a bicyclic
DE   monoterpene. It is produced from geranyl pyrophosphate, via
DE   cyclisation of linaloyl pyrophosphate followed by loss of a proton
DE   from the carbocation equivalent.
SY   (1S,5S)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene; (-)-alpha-pinene
SY   biosyntesis.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0046248; P:alpha-pinene biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00902; Monoterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   (-)-beta-pinene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00986
CL   Pathway.
DE   It is produced from geranyl pyrophosphate, via cyclisation of linaloyl
DE   pyrophosphate followed by loss of a proton from the carbocation
DE   equivalent.
SY   (1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane; (-)-beta-pinene
SY   biosyntesis.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00902; Monoterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   (4R)-limonene degradation.
AC   UPA00987
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of (4R)-limonene (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene), a
DE   monocyclic monoterpene.
SY   alpha-limonene degradation; (+)-4R-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene
SY   degradation; D-limonene degradation; (+)-limonene degradation.
HI   UPA00423; terpene metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 10224006.
DR   KEGG; map00902; Monoterpenoid biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00903; Limonene and pinene degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
//
ID   5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine-tRNA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00988
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine-tRNA. The wobble
DE   modification, 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine (mcm5s2U), is
DE   required for the proper decoding of NNR codons in eukaryotes.
SY   mcm5s2U-tRNA biosynthesis; mcm(5)s(2)U-tRNA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00481; tRNA modification.
DR   PubMed; 19151091.
//
ID   N(7)-methylguanine-tRNA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00989
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of N(7)-methylguanine-tRNA. 7-methylguanosine (m7G)
DE   modification of tRNA occurs widely in eukaryotes and bacteria, is
DE   nearly always found at position 46, and is one of the few
DE   modifications that confers a positive charge to the base.
SY   m7G-tRNA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00481; tRNA modification.
DR   PubMed; 12403464.
//
ID   L-ascorbate biosynthesis via GDP-alpha-D-mannose pathway.
AC   UPA00990
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-ascorbic acid from GDP-D-mannose.
SY   Smirnoff-Wheeler's pathway.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11337405.
DR   PubMed; 11005203.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00520; Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7e90>.
//
ID   L-ascorbate biosynthesis via UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate pathway.
AC   UPA00991
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-ascorbic acid from UDP-glucuronic acid. This pathway
DE   occurs in most vertebrates, although not in guinea pigs and primates,
DE   including humans.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00040; Pentose and glucuronate interconversions.
DR   KEGG; map00053; Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d50>.
//
ID   2-arachidonoylglycerol biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00993
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), an endogenous lipid
DE   that activates brain canabinoid receptors. 2-arachidonoylglycerol is
DE   an endocannabinoid. There are two possible routes of 2-AG biosynthesis
DE   in neurons [PMID:12843414]. Phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated hydrolysis
DE   of membrane phospholipids may produce 1,2-diacylglycerol, which may be
DE   subsequently converted to 2-arachidonoylglycerol by diacylglycerol
DE   lipase (DGL) activity. Alternatively, phospholipase A1 (PLA1) may
DE   generate a lysophospholipid, which may be hydrolyzed to
DE   2-arachidonoylglycerol by a lyso-PLC activity. .
SY   sn-2-arachidonoyl-glycerol biosynthesis; 2-AG biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00435; hormone biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 12843414.
//
ID   phylloquinone biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00995
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of phylloquinone (also called vitamine K1 or
DE   phytonadione), a lipid-soluble molecule that belongs to the naphto-
DE   quinone family.
SY   phytonadione biosynthesis; 2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
SY   biosynthesis; vitamin K1 biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0042372; P:phylloquinone biosynthetic process.
//
ID   carbamoyl phosphate degradation.
AC   UPA00996
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of carbamoyl phosphate, a key metabolic intermediate.
HI   UPA00496; metabolic intermediate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00230; Purine metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   proteasomal pup-dependent pathway.
AC   UPA00997
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of proteins by hydrolysis of their peptide bonds. This
DE   process is initiated by the covalent attachment of pup (Prokaryotic
DE   Ubiquitin-like Protein), and mediated by the proteasome.
SY   Prokaryotic Ubiquitin-like Protein (pup) fusion protein degradation
SY   pathway.
HI   UPA00468; protein degradation.
DR   PubMed; 15659170.
DR   PubMed; 19028679.
DR   PubMed; 19483713.
DR   PubMed; 18832610.
//
ID   protein pupylation.
AC   UPA00998
CL   Pathway.
DE   Conjugation of pup (Prokaryotic Ubiquitin-like Protein) to a target
DE   protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of pup
DE   and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
SY   pup conjugation; prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein conjugation.
HI   UPA00460; protein modification.
DR   PubMed; 19448618.
DR   PubMed; 19282181.
DR   GO; GO:0070490; P:protein pupylation.
//
ID   pimeloyl-CoA biosynthesis.
AC   UPA00999
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of 6-carboxyhexanoyl-CoA (pimeloyl-CoA), a precursor of
DE   biotin in some organisms.
SY   6-carboxyhexanoyl-CoA biosynthesis.
HI   UPA00496; metabolic intermediate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00780; Biotin metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   bacilysocin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01001
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bacilysocin, a phospholipid antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 11796336.
//
ID   polychlorinated biphenyl degradation.
AC   UPA01002
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls xenobiotic compounds.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 19476337.
//
ID   bacillaene biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01003
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of bacillaene, a polyketide antibiotic.
HI   UPA00295; antibiotic biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 17886826.
DR   PubMed; 17234808.
//
ID   palatinose degradation.
AC   UPA01004
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of palatinose.
HI   UPA00442; glycan degradation.
DR   PubMed; 11274100.
//
ID   petrobactin biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01005
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of petrobactin, a catecholate siderophore that functions
DE   in both iron acquisition and virulence in a murine model of anthrax.
DE   Petrobactin harbors unique 3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl iron-liganding groups.
HI   UPA00302; siderophore biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 18955706.
DR   PubMed; 17189355.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7c10>.
//
ID   mannosylfructose biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01006
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of mannosylfructose. This disaccharide has been first
DE   discovered as the major osmolyte in salt-tolerant strains of
DE   A.tumefaciens biotype I.
HI   UPA00411; carbohydrate metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 2254260.
DR   PubMed; 17728402.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7d90>.
//
ID   nicotinate metabolism.
AC   UPA01009
CL   Pathway.
DE   Metabolism of nicotinic acid, also known as niacin or vitamin B3, a
DE   water-soluble vitamin. .
SY   niacin metabolism; vitamin B3 metabolism; nicotinic acid metabolism.
HI   UPA00399; cofactor biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00760; Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
//
ID   nicotinate degradation.
AC   UPA01010
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of nicotinate also known as niacin or vitamin B3, a water-
DE   soluble vitamin. .
SY   nicotinic acid degradation; vitamin B3 degradation; niacin
SY   degradation.
HI   UPA00483; cofactor degradation.
DR   PubMed; 16894175.
DR   KEGG; map00760; Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994b7f10>.
//
ID   4-chlorobenzoate degradation.
AC   UPA01011
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of 4-chlorobenzoate (4-CBA) by certain soil bacteria.
DE   4-chlorobenzoate is not known to be a natural product but is
DE   introduced in the environement through its use as a precursor in the
DE   synthesis of dye stuffs, pigments and pharmaceuticals.
SY   4-chlorobenzoic acid degradation; 4-CBA degradation.
HI   UPA00105; xenobiotic degradation.
DR   PubMed; 7765837.
DR   KEGG; map00130; Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis.
DR   KEGG; map00362; Benzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00364; Fluorobenzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb0d0>.
//
ID   L-aspartate biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01012
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-aspartate amino-acid from oxaloacetate, an
DE   intermediate of the TCA cycle, by a transamination reaction with
DE   glutamate. L-aspartate is a constituent of proteins and participates
DE   in several other biosyntheses as purine and pyrimidine nucleotide,
DE   NAD, phosphopanthothenate and other amino acids.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006532; P:aspartate biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00710; Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01110; Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb150>.
//
ID   L-glutamine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01013
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of L-glutamine amino-acid.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   GO; GO:0006542; P:glutamine biosynthetic process.
DR   KEGG; map00250; Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00330; Arginine and proline metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01100; Metabolic pathways.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb190>.
//
ID   ergothioneine biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01014
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of ergothioneine. Ergothioneine is a histidine-derived
DE   thiol of bacterial and fungal origin that has also been isolated from
DE   animal and human tissue. Ergothioneine has antioxidant properties.
HI   UPA00402; amino-acid biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 20420449.
DR   GO; GO:0052699; P:ergothioneine biosynthetic process.
DR   MetaCyc; <microbi.biodb.OBIWarehouse.up_UPA.upa_metacyc object at
DR   0x2a994bb3d0>.
//
ID   anthranilate degradation.
AC   UPA01015
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of anthranilate (2-aminobenzoate). Anthranilate is an
DE   intermediate in the degradation of many compounds, such as tryptophan,
DE   o-nitrobenzoate, quinaldine, carbazole, and those containing an indole
DE   moiety.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   GO; GO:0043421; P:anthranilate catabolic process.
//
ID   anthranilate degradation via hydroxylation.
AC   UPA01016
CL   Pathway.
DE   Degradation of anthranilate via hydroxylation pathway. This aerobic
DE   pathway converts anthranilate to catechol in a single step.
HI   UPA00433; aromatic compound metabolism.
DR   PubMed; 11114907.
DR   PubMed; 13129960.
DR   KEGG; map00627; Aminobenzoate degradation.
DR   KEGG; map00910; Nitrogen metabolism.
DR   KEGG; map01120; Microbial metabolism in diverse environments.
//
ID   xanthan biosynthesis.
AC   UPA01017
CL   Pathway.
DE   Biosynthesis of xanthan, an industrially important exopolysaccharide
DE   produced by the phytopathogenic, gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas
DE   campestris pv. campestris. Xanthan is composed of polymerized
DE   pentasaccharide repeating units which are assembled by the sequential
DE   addition of glucose-1-phosphate, glucose, mannose, glucuronate, and
DE   mannose on a polyprenol phosphate carrier.
HI   UPA00484; glycan biosynthesis.
DR   PubMed; 9537354.
DR   PubMed; 21367879.
DR   PubMed; 14736729.
DR   PubMed; 18596046.
//
ID   beta-alanine from L-aspartate.
AC   ULS00002
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate to beta-
DE   alanine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00028; (R)-pantothenate biosynthesis.
//
ID   (R)-pantoate from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
AC   ULS00003
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate
DE   to (R)-pantoate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00028; (R)-pantothenate biosynthesis.
//
ID   (R)-pantothenate from (R)-pantoate and beta-alanine.
AC   ULS00004
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (R)-pantoate and beta-
DE   alanine to (R)-pantothenate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00028; (R)-pantothenate biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
AC   ULS00005
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose
DE   1-diphosphate to L-histidine. It is composed of 9 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00031; L-histidine biosynthesis.
//
ID   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate.
AC   ULS00006
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate to
DE   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00034; L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route).
AC   ULS00007
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route) to
DE   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00034; L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route).
AC   ULS00008
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route) to
DE   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00034; L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
//
ID   DL-2,6-diaminopimelate from LL-2,6-diaminopimelate.
AC   ULS00009
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of LL-2,6-diaminopimelate to
DE   DL-2,6-diaminopimelate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00034; L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
//
ID   DL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate.
AC   ULS00010
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate to DL-2,6-diaminopimelate. It is composed
DE   of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00034; L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
//
ID   L-lysine from DL-2,6-diaminopimelate.
AC   ULS00011
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of DL-2,6-diaminopimelate to
DE   L-lysine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00034; L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
//
ID   L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate.
AC   ULS00012
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to L
DE   -alpha-aminoadipate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00033; L-lysine biosynthesis via AAA pathway.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (fungal route).
AC   ULS00013
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-alpha-aminoadipate
DE   (fungal route) to L-lysine. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00033; L-lysine biosynthesis via AAA pathway.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route).
AC   ULS00014
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-alpha-aminoadipate
DE   (Thermus route) to L-lysine. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00033; L-lysine biosynthesis via AAA pathway.
//
ID   sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite.
AC   ULS00015
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate and
DE   sulfite to sulfoacetaldehyde. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00355; coenzyme M biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-tryptophan from chorismate.
AC   ULS00016
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of chorismate to
DE   L-tryptophan. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00035; L-tryptophan biosynthesis.
//
ID   3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
AC   ULS00017
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to
DE   3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00357; 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-oxobutanoate from L-threonine.
AC   ULS00018
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-threonine to
DE   2-oxobutanoate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00047; L-isoleucine biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-oxobutanoate from pyruvate.
AC   ULS00019
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyruvate to
DE   2-oxobutanoate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00047; L-isoleucine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate.
AC   ULS00020
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxobutanoate to
DE   L-isoleucine. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00047; L-isoleucine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-valine from pyruvate.
AC   ULS00021
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyruvate to L-valine. It
DE   is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00049; L-valine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-threonine from L-aspartate.
AC   ULS00022
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate to
DE   L-threonine. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00050; L-threonine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
AC   ULS00023
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate
DE   to L-leucine. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00048; L-leucine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-homoserine from L-aspartate.
AC   ULS00025
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate to
DE   L-homoserine. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   O-acetyl-L-homoserine from L-homoserine.
AC   ULS00026
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-homoserine to
DE   O-acetyl-L-homoserine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   O-succinyl-L-homoserine from L-homoserine.
AC   ULS00027
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-homoserine to
DE   O-succinyl-L-homoserine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
AC   ULS00028
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine
DE   to L-homocysteine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00314; L-homocysteine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-cystathionine from O-succinyl-L-homoserine.
AC   ULS00029
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of O-succinyl-L-homoserine
DE   to L-cystathionine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from L-cystathionine.
AC   ULS00030
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-cystathionine to
DE   L-homocysteine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from O-acetyl-L-homoserine.
AC   ULS00031
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of O-acetyl-L-homoserine to
DE   L-homocysteine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   S-adenosyl-L-methionine from L-methionine.
AC   ULS00032
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-methionine to
DE   S-adenosyl-L-methionine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00315; S-adenosyl-L-methionine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetH route).
AC   ULS00033
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-homocysteine (MetH
DE   route) to L-methionine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetE route).
AC   ULS00034
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-homocysteine (MetE
DE   route) to L-methionine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   L-methionine from L-homocysteine (BhmT route).
AC   ULS00035
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-homocysteine (BhmT
DE   route) to L-methionine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
AC   ULS00036
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-erythrose 4-phosphate
DE   and phosphoenolpyruvate to chorismate. It is composed of 7 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00053; chorismate biosynthesis.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
AC   ULS00037
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose
DE   5-phosphate to isopentenyl diphosphate. It is composed of 6 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00056; isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis via DXP pathway.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from (R)-mevalonate.
AC   ULS00038
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (R)-mevalonate to
DE   isopentenyl diphosphate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00057; isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis via mevalonate pathway.
//
ID   (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA.
AC   ULS00039
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to
DE   (R)-mevalonate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00058; (R)-mevalonate biosynthesis.
//
ID   1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate.
AC   ULS00040
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glyceraldehyde
DE   3-phosphate and pyruvate to 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00064; 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   dimethylallyl diphosphate from isopentenyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00041
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of isopentenyl diphosphate
DE   to dimethylallyl diphosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00059; dimethylallyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   dimethylallyl diphosphate from (2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutenyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00042
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   (2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl
DE   diphosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00059; dimethylallyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate.
AC   ULS00043
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamate to
DE   N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00068; L-arginine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-ornithine from N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine (linear).
AC   ULS00044
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine
DE   (linear) to L-ornithine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00068; L-arginine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-ornithine and N-acetyl-L-glutamate from L-glutamate and N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine (cyclic).
AC   ULS00045
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamate and
DE   N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine (cyclic) to L-ornithine and
DE   N-acetyl-L-glutamate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00068; L-arginine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-arginine from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate.
AC   ULS00046
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-ornithine and carbamoyl
DE   phosphate to L-arginine. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00068; L-arginine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-ectoine from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.
AC   ULS00048
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate
DE   4-semialdehyde to L-ectoine. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00067; ectoine biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (bacterial route).
AC   ULS00049
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arabinose (bacterial
DE   route) to D-xylulose 5-phosphate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00145; L-arabinose degradation via L-ribulose.
//
ID   N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
AC   ULS00050
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose
DE   1-diphosphate to N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide. It is composed
DE   of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (10-formyl THF route).
AC   ULS00051
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (10-formyl THF route) to
DE   N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide. It is composed of
DE   one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (formate route).
AC   ULS00052
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (formate route) to
DE   N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide. It is composed of
DE   one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (10-formyl THF route).
AC   ULS00054
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (10-formyl THF
DE   route) to 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (formate route).
AC   ULS00055
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (formate route)
DE   to 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   IMP from 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.
AC   ULS00056
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide to IMP. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole.
AC   ULS00057
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole to
DE   4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00060; thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole from 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole.
AC   ULS00058
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole to
DE   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00060; thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
AC   ULS00059
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose
DE   5-phosphate to 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole. It is composed of
DE   one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00060; thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   thiamine phosphate from 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine and 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole.
AC   ULS00060
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine and
DE   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole to thiamine phosphate. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00060; thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
AC   ULS00061
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of myo-inositol to acetyl-
DE   CoA. It is composed of 7 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00076; myo-inositol degradation into acetyl-CoA.
//
ID   4-aminobenzoate from chorismate.
AC   ULS00062
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of chorismate to
DE   4-aminobenzoate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00077; tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
AC   ULS00063
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 7,8-dihydroneopterin
DE   triphosphate to 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine
DE   diphosphate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00077; tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.
//
ID   7,8-dihydrofolate from 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate and 4-aminobenzoate.
AC   ULS00064
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate and
DE   4-aminobenzoate to 7,8-dihydrofolate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00077; tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
AC   ULS00066
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of chorismate to
DE   menaquinone-2. It is composed of 8 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00079; menaquinone biosynthesis.
//
ID   formate from 10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate.
AC   ULS00067
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate to formate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate.
AC   ULS00068
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of bicarbonate to carbamoyl
DE   phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00068; L-arginine biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-glucuronate from myo-inositol.
AC   ULS00069
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of myo-inositol to
DE   D-glucuronate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00111; myo-inositol degradation into D-glucuronate.
//
ID   5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route I).
AC   ULS00070
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribose 5-phosphate
DE   (route I) to 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate. It is composed of
DE   one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00087; 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route II).
AC   ULS00071
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribose 5-phosphate
DE   (route II) to 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate. It is composed
DE   of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00087; 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   3-dehydroquinate from D-quinate (NAD(+) route).
AC   ULS00072
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-quinate (NAD(+) route)
DE   to 3-dehydroquinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00088; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate biosynthesis.
//
ID   3-dehydroquinate from D-quinate (PQQ route).
AC   ULS00073
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-quinate (PQQ route) to
DE   3-dehydroquinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00088; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate biosynthesis.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from 3-dehydroquinate.
AC   ULS00074
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-dehydroquinate to
DE   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00088; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose.
AC   ULS00075
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glucose to
DE   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate. It is composed
DE   of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00109; glycolysis.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from glycerone phosphate.
AC   ULS00076
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycerone phosphate to
DE   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00109; glycolysis.
//
ID   pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
AC   ULS00077
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glyceraldehyde
DE   3-phosphate to pyruvate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00109; glycolysis.
//
ID   GDP-L-fucose from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
AC   ULS00078
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of GDP-alpha-D-mannose to
DE   GDP-L-fucose. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00128; GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose (MPG route).
AC   ULS00079
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of GDP-alpha-D-mannose (MPG
DE   route) to 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate. It is composed of 2
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00130; 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-asparagine from L-aspartate (ammonia route).
AC   ULS00080
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate (ammonia
DE   route) to L-asparagine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00134; L-asparagine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-asparagine from L-aspartate (L-Gln route).
AC   ULS00081
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate (L-Gln route)
DE   to L-asparagine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00134; L-asparagine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-serine from 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
AC   ULS00082
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-phospho-D-glycerate to
DE   L-serine. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00135; L-serine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-cysteine from L-serine.
AC   ULS00083
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-serine to L-cysteine.
DE   It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00136; L-cysteine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-cysteine from L-homocysteine and L-serine.
AC   ULS00084
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-homocysteine and
DE   L-serine to L-cysteine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00136; L-cysteine biosynthesis.
//
ID   prephenate from chorismate.
AC   ULS00085
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of chorismate to prephenate.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00120; prephenate biosynthesis.
//
ID   sulfite from sulfate.
AC   ULS00086
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sulfate to sulfite. It is
DE   composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00140; hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis.
//
ID   hydrogen sulfide from sulfite (NADPH route).
AC   ULS00087
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sulfite (NADPH route) to
DE   hydrogen sulfide. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00140; hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis.
//
ID   hydrogen sulfide from sulfite (ferredoxin route).
AC   ULS00088
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sulfite (ferredoxin
DE   route) to hydrogen sulfide. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00140; hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis.
//
ID   glutathione from L-cysteine and L-glutamate.
AC   ULS00089
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-cysteine and
DE   L-glutamate to glutathione. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00142; glutathione biosynthesis.
//
ID   precorrin-2 from uroporphyrinogen III.
AC   ULS00090
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of uroporphyrinogen III to
DE   precorrin-2. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00148; adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis.
HP   UPA00262; siroheme biosynthesis.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
AC   ULS00091
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of precorrin-2 (aerobic
DE   route) to cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide. It is composed of 10 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00148; adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
AC   ULS00092
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sirohydrochlorin
DE   (anaerobic route) to cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide. It is composed of 10
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00148; adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
AC   ULS00093
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of cob(II)yrinate
DE   a,c-diamide to adenosylcobalamin. It is composed of 7 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00148; adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis.
//
ID   penicillin G from L-alpha-aminoadipate and L-cysteine and L-valine.
AC   ULS00094
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-alpha-aminoadipate and
DE   L-cysteine and L-valine to penicillin G. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00149; penicillin G biosynthesis.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
AC   ULS00095
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glyceraldehyde
DE   3-phosphate and L-arginine to clavulanate. It is composed of 8
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00112; clavulanate biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl.
AC   ULS00096
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of biphenyl to
DE   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate. It is composed of 4
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00155; biphenyl degradation.
//
ID   catechol from benzoate.
AC   ULS00097
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of benzoate to catechol. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00156; benzoate degradation via hydroxylation.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from benzoate.
AC   ULS00098
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of benzoate to
DE   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00156; benzoate degradation via hydroxylation.
//
ID   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from catechol.
AC   ULS00099
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of catechol to
DE   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00157; beta-ketoadipate pathway.
//
ID   3-oxoadipate from 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate.
AC   ULS00100
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate to 3-oxoadipate. It is composed of
DE   one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00157; beta-ketoadipate pathway.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA from 3-oxoadipate.
AC   ULS00101
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-oxoadipate to acetyl-
DE   CoA and succinyl-CoA. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00157; beta-ketoadipate pathway.
//
ID   3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
AC   ULS00102
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate to
DE   3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00157; beta-ketoadipate pathway.
//
ID   3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
AC   ULS00103
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate to
DE   3-oxoadipate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00157; beta-ketoadipate pathway.
//
ID   betaine from glycine.
AC   ULS00104
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycine to betaine. It is
DE   composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00530; betaine biosynthesis via glycine pathway.
//
ID   UDP from UMP (UMK/CMK route).
AC   ULS00105
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UMP (UMK/CMK route) to
DE   UDP. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00159; CTP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   UDP from UMP (UMPK route).
AC   ULS00106
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UMP (UMPK route) to UDP.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00159; CTP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   CTP from UDP.
AC   ULS00107
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UDP to CTP. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00159; CTP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and CTP.
AC   ULS00108
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-deoxy-D-manno-
DE   octulosonate and CTP to CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00358; CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine.
AC   ULS00109
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arginine to L-glutamate
DE   and succinate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00185; L-arginine degradation via AST pathway.
//
ID   agmatine from L-arginine.
AC   ULS00110
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arginine to agmatine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00186; agmatine biosynthesis.
//
ID   N-carbamoylputrescine from agmatine.
AC   ULS00111
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of agmatine to
DE   N-carbamoylputrescine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00534; putrescine biosynthesis via agmatine pathway.
//
ID   putrescine from agmatine.
AC   ULS00112
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of agmatine to putrescine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00534; putrescine biosynthesis via agmatine pathway.
//
ID   putrescine from L-ornithine.
AC   ULS00113
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-ornithine to
DE   putrescine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00535; putrescine biosynthesis via L-ornithine pathway.
//
ID   4-aminobutanal from putrescine (amine oxidase route).
AC   ULS00114
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of putrescine (amine oxidase
DE   route) to 4-aminobutanal. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00188; putrescine degradation.
//
ID   4-aminobutanal from putrescine (transaminase route).
AC   ULS00115
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of putrescine (transaminase
DE   route) to 4-aminobutanal. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00188; putrescine degradation.
//
ID   XMP from IMP.
AC   ULS00117
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of IMP to XMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00601; XMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   GMP from XMP (L-Gln route).
AC   ULS00118
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of XMP (L-Gln route) to GMP.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00189; GMP biosynthesis.
//
ID   GMP from XMP (ammonia route).
AC   ULS00119
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of XMP (ammonia route) to
DE   GMP. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00189; GMP biosynthesis.
//
ID   pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxal.
AC   ULS00120
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxal to pyridoxal
DE   5'-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate from pyridoxamine.
AC   ULS00121
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxamine to
DE   pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from pyridoxine.
AC   ULS00122
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxine to pyridoxine
DE   5'-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.
AC   ULS00123
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate to
DE   pyridoxal. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxamine from pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate.
AC   ULS00124
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate
DE   to pyridoxamine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxine from pyridoxine 5'-phosphate.
AC   ULS00125
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate
DE   to pyridoxine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate.
AC   ULS00126
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate
DE   to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxine 5'-phosphate.
AC   ULS00127
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate
DE   to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00190; B6 vitamer interconversion.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxamine.
AC   ULS00128
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxamine to
DE   pyridoxal. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00192; B6 vitamer degradation.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxine (dehydrogenase route).
AC   ULS00129
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxine (dehydrogenase
DE   route) to pyridoxal. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00192; B6 vitamer degradation.
//
ID   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
AC   ULS00130
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-carboxy-cis,cis-
DE   muconate to 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate. It is composed of 2
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00157; beta-ketoadipate pathway.
//
ID   3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate from 3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate.
AC   ULS00131
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate to 3-carboxy-cis,cis-
DE   muconate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00157; beta-ketoadipate pathway.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
AC   ULS00132
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-erythrose 4-phosphate
DE   to pyridoxine 5'-phosphate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00244; pyridoxine 5'-phosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate from 4-aminobutanal.
AC   ULS00133
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 4-aminobutanal to
DE   4-aminobutanoate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00188; putrescine degradation.
//
ID   succinate semialdehyde from 4-aminobutanoate.
AC   ULS00134
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 4-aminobutanoate to
DE   succinate semialdehyde. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00188; putrescine degradation.
//
ID   1,3-diaminopropane and 4-aminobutanal from spermidine.
AC   ULS00135
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of spermidine to
DE   1,3-diaminopropane and 4-aminobutanal. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00250; spermidine degradation.
//
ID   spermidine from putrescine.
AC   ULS00136
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of putrescine to spermidine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00248; spermidine biosynthesis.
//
ID   spermine from spermidine.
AC   ULS00137
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of spermidine to spermine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00249; spermine biosynthesis.
//
ID   5-aminolevulinate from L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu).
AC   ULS00138
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) to
DE   5-aminolevulinate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00251; protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis.
//
ID   protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III (O2 route).
AC   ULS00139
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of coproporphyrinogen-III
DE   (O2 route) to protoporphyrinogen-IX. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00251; protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis.
//
ID   protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III (AdoMet route).
AC   ULS00140
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of coproporphyrinogen-III
DE   (AdoMet route) to protoporphyrinogen-IX. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00251; protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis.
//
ID   protoporphyrin-IX from protoporphyrinogen-IX.
AC   ULS00141
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of protoporphyrinogen-IX to
DE   protoporphyrin-IX. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00251; protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis.
//
ID   iminoaspartate from L-aspartate (oxidase route).
AC   ULS00142
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate (oxidase
DE   route) to iminoaspartate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   quinolinate from L-kynurenine.
AC   ULS00143
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-kynurenine to
DE   quinolinate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   nicotinate D-ribonucleotide from quinolinate.
AC   ULS00144
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of quinolinate to nicotinate
DE   D-ribonucleotide. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   NAD(+) from deamido-NAD(+) (ammonia route).
AC   ULS00145
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of deamido-NAD(+) (ammonia
DE   route) to NAD(+). It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   NAD(+) from deamido-NAD(+) (L-Gln route).
AC   ULS00146
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of deamido-NAD(+) (L-Gln
DE   route) to NAD(+). It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   AMP from IMP.
AC   ULS00147
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of IMP to AMP. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00075; AMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine.
AC   ULS00148
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-phenylalanine to
DE   acetoacetate and fumarate. It is composed of 6 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00139; L-phenylalanine degradation.
//
ID   L-arogenate from prephenate (L-Asp route).
AC   ULS00149
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of prephenate (L-Asp route)
DE   to L-arogenate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00121; L-phenylalanine biosynthesis.
HP   UPA00122; L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-arogenate from prephenate (L-Glu route).
AC   ULS00150
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of prephenate (L-Glu route)
DE   to L-arogenate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00121; L-phenylalanine biosynthesis.
HP   UPA00122; L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine from L-arogenate.
AC   ULS00151
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arogenate to
DE   L-phenylalanine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00121; L-phenylalanine biosynthesis.
//
ID   phenylpyruvate from prephenate.
AC   ULS00152
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of prephenate to
DE   phenylpyruvate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00121; L-phenylalanine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine from phenylpyruvate (PDH route).
AC   ULS00153
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of phenylpyruvate (PDH
DE   route) to L-phenylalanine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00121; L-phenylalanine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine from phenylpyruvate (ArAT route).
AC   ULS00154
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of phenylpyruvate (ArAT
DE   route) to L-phenylalanine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00121; L-phenylalanine biosynthesis.
//
ID   pimeloyl-CoA from pimelate.
AC   ULS00157
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pimelate to pimeloyl-CoA.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00078; biotin biosynthesis.
HP   UPA00999; pimeloyl-CoA biosynthesis.
//
ID   CoA from (R)-pantothenate.
AC   ULS00158
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (R)-pantothenate to CoA.
DE   It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00241; coenzyme A biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-proline from L-ornithine.
AC   ULS00159
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-ornithine to L-proline.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00098; L-proline biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-ornithine.
AC   ULS00160
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-ornithine to
DE   L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00098; L-proline biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-glutamate.
AC   ULS00161
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamate to
DE   L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00098; L-proline biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-proline from L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde.
AC   ULS00162
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamate
DE   5-semialdehyde to L-proline. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00098; L-proline biosynthesis.
//
ID   N-acetylputrescine from putrescine.
AC   ULS00163
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of putrescine to
DE   N-acetylputrescine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00188; putrescine degradation.
//
ID   carbamoyl phosphate from L-arginine.
AC   ULS00164
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arginine to carbamoyl
DE   phosphate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00254; L-arginine degradation via ADI pathway.
//
ID   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from (R)-mevalonate.
AC   ULS00165
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (R)-mevalonate to
DE   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00257; (R)-mevalonate degradation.
//
ID   geranyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00166
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of dimethylallyl diphosphate
DE   and isopentenyl diphosphate to geranyl diphosphate. It is composed of
DE   one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00259; geranyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   farnesyl diphosphate from geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00167
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate and
DE   isopentenyl diphosphate to farnesyl diphosphate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00260; farnesyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (urease route).
AC   ULS00168
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of urea (urease route) to
DE   CO(2) and NH(3). It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00258; urea degradation.
//
ID   CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (allophanate route).
AC   ULS00169
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of urea (allophanate route)
DE   to CO(2) and NH(3). It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00258; urea degradation.
//
ID   L-glutamate from L-proline.
AC   ULS00170
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-proline to L-glutamate.
DE   It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00261; L-proline degradation into L-glutamate.
//
ID   5-aminolevulinate from glycine.
AC   ULS00171
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycine to
DE   5-aminolevulinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00251; protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis.
//
ID   coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate.
AC   ULS00172
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 5-aminolevulinate to
DE   coproporphyrinogen-III. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00251; protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis.
//
ID   sirohydrochlorin from precorrin-2.
AC   ULS00173
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of precorrin-2 to
DE   sirohydrochlorin. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00148; adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis.
HP   UPA00262; siroheme biosynthesis.
//
ID   siroheme from sirohydrochlorin.
AC   ULS00174
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sirohydrochlorin to
DE   siroheme. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00262; siroheme biosynthesis.
//
ID   protoheme from protoporphyrin-IX.
AC   ULS00175
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of protoporphyrin-IX to
DE   protoheme. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00252; protoheme biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate.
AC   ULS00176
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-ascorbate to D-xylulose
DE   5-phosphate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00263; L-ascorbate degradation.
//
ID   L-ornithine and urea from L-arginine.
AC   ULS00177
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arginine to L-ornithine
DE   and urea. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00158; urea cycle.
//
ID   L-citrulline from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate.
AC   ULS00178
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-ornithine and carbamoyl
DE   phosphate to L-citrulline. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00158; urea cycle.
//
ID   (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate from L-aspartate and L-citrulline.
AC   ULS00179
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate and
DE   L-citrulline to (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00158; urea cycle.
//
ID   L-arginine and fumarate from (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate.
AC   ULS00180
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate to L-arginine and fumarate. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00158; urea cycle.
//
ID   betaine from choline.
AC   ULS00181
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of choline to betaine. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00529; betaine biosynthesis via choline pathway.
//
ID   betaine aldehyde from choline (cytochrome c reductase route).
AC   ULS00182
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of choline (cytochrome c
DE   reductase route) to betaine aldehyde. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00529; betaine biosynthesis via choline pathway.
//
ID   betaine from betaine aldehyde.
AC   ULS00183
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of betaine aldehyde to
DE   betaine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00529; betaine biosynthesis via choline pathway.
//
ID   glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane.
AC   ULS00184
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 1,2-dichloroethane to
DE   glycolate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00265; 1,2-dichloroethane degradation.
//
ID   catechol from benzene.
AC   ULS00185
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of benzene to catechol. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00272; benzene degradation.
//
ID   3-methylcatechol from toluene.
AC   ULS00186
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of toluene to
DE   3-methylcatechol. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00273; toluene degradation.
//
ID   sarcosine from creatinine.
AC   ULS00187
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of creatinine to sarcosine.
DE   It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00274; creatinine degradation.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
AC   ULS00188
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to
DE   2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00275; riboflavin biosynthesis.
//
ID   5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP.
AC   ULS00189
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of GTP to
DE   5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil. It is composed of 4 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00275; riboflavin biosynthesis.
//
ID   FMN from riboflavin (ATP route).
AC   ULS00192
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of riboflavin (ATP route) to
DE   FMN. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00276; FMN biosynthesis.
//
ID   FAD from FMN.
AC   ULS00193
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of FMN to FAD. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00277; FAD biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-ribulose 5-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate (oxidative stage).
AC   ULS00194
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate
DE   (oxidative stage) to D-ribulose 5-phosphate. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00115; pentose phosphate pathway.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
AC   ULS00195
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate
DE   (non-oxidative stage) to D-xylulose 5-phosphate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00115; pentose phosphate pathway.
//
ID   D-ribose 5-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
AC   ULS00196
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate
DE   (non-oxidative stage) to D-ribose 5-phosphate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00115; pentose phosphate pathway.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
AC   ULS00197
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribose 5-phosphate and
DE   D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage) to D-glyceraldehyde
DE   3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00115; pentose phosphate pathway.
//
ID   alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00198
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-fructose 6-phosphate to
DE   alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00126; GDP-alpha-D-mannose biosynthesis.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
AC   ULS00199
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate to
DE   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde. It is composed of 7 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00208; 4-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation.
//
ID   glycine from L-allo-threonine.
AC   ULS00200
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-allo-threonine to
DE   glycine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00288; glycine biosynthesis.
//
ID   glycine from glyoxylate.
AC   ULS00201
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00288; glycine biosynthesis.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and glycine from L-threonine.
AC   ULS00202
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-threonine to
DE   acetaldehyde and glycine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00044; L-threonine degradation via aldolase pathway.
//
ID   betaine aldehyde from choline (monooxygenase route).
AC   ULS00203
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of choline (monooxygenase
DE   route) to betaine aldehyde. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00529; betaine biosynthesis via choline pathway.
//
ID   choline from choline sulfate.
AC   ULS00204
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of choline sulfate to
DE   choline. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00290; choline biosynthesis.
//
ID   sarcosine from betaine.
AC   ULS00205
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of betaine to sarcosine. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00291; betaine degradation.
//
ID   formaldehyde and glycine from sarcosine.
AC   ULS00206
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sarcosine to formaldehyde
DE   and glycine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00292; sarcosine degradation.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate and formaldehyde.
AC   ULS00207
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate
DE   and formaldehyde to D-fructose 6-phosphate. It is composed of 2
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00294; formaldehyde assimilation via RuMP pathway.
//
ID   ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
AC   ULS00208
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glycero-beta-D-manno-
DE   heptose 7-phosphate to ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose. It is
DE   composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00356; ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis.
//
ID   (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine.
AC   ULS00209
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-norcoclaurine to
DE   (S)-reticuline. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00306; (S)-reticuline biosynthesis.
//
ID   palmatine from columbamine.
AC   ULS00210
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of columbamine to palmatine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00307; palmatine biosynthesis.
//
ID   berbamunine from (R)-N-methylcoclaurine and (S)-N-methylcoclaurine.
AC   ULS00211
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (R)-N-methylcoclaurine
DE   and (S)-N-methylcoclaurine to berbamunine. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00308; berbamunine biosynthesis.
//
ID   3alpha(S)-strictosidine from secologanin and tryptamine.
AC   ULS00212
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of secologanin and
DE   tryptamine to 3alpha(S)-strictosidine. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00311; 3alpha(S)-strictosidine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-cystathionine from O-acetyl-L-homoserine.
AC   ULS00213
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of O-acetyl-L-homoserine to
DE   L-cystathionine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from O-succinyl-L-homoserine.
AC   ULS00214
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of O-succinyl-L-homoserine
DE   to L-homocysteine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00051; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   (S)-scoulerine from (S)-reticuline.
AC   ULS00215
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-reticuline to
DE   (S)-scoulerine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00319; (S)-scoulerine biosynthesis.
//
ID   S-adenosylmethioninamine from S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
AC   ULS00216
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine
DE   to S-adenosylmethioninamine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00331; S-adenosylmethioninamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   indole and pyruvate from L-tryptophan.
AC   ULS00217
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-tryptophan to indole
DE   and pyruvate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00332; L-tryptophan degradation via pyruvate pathway.
//
ID   L-kynurenine from L-tryptophan.
AC   ULS00218
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-tryptophan to
DE   L-kynurenine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00333; L-tryptophan degradation via kynurenine pathway.
//
ID   L-alanine and anthranilate from L-kynurenine.
AC   ULS00219
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-kynurenine to L-alanine
DE   and anthranilate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00334; L-kynurenine degradation.
//
ID   iminoaspartate from L-aspartate (dehydrogenase route).
AC   ULS00220
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate
DE   (dehydrogenase route) to iminoaspartate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   quinolinate from iminoaspartate.
AC   ULS00221
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of iminoaspartate to
DE   quinolinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   deamido-NAD(+) from nicotinate D-ribonucleotide.
AC   ULS00222
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nicotinate
DE   D-ribonucleotide to deamido-NAD(+). It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   nicotinate D-ribonucleotide from nicotinate.
AC   ULS00223
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nicotinate to nicotinate
DE   D-ribonucleotide. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from acetate.
AC   ULS00224
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of acetate to acetyl-CoA. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00340; acetyl-CoA biosynthesis.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (aminotransferase route).
AC   ULS00227
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (aminotransferase route) to
DE   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00034; L-lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
AC   ULS00228
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose
DE   1-phosphate to D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00002; 2-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
AC   ULS00229
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-
DE   alpha-D-glucosamine to lipid IV(A). It is composed of 6 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00359; lipid IV(A) biosynthesis.
//
ID   KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A).
AC   ULS00230
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-
DE   octulosonate and lipid IV(A) to KDO(2)-lipid A. It is composed of 4
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00360; KDO(2)-lipid A biosynthesis.
//
ID   6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (R-isomer route).
AC   ULS00231
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nicotine (R-isomer route)
DE   to 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00106; nicotine degradation.
//
ID   UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
AC   ULS00232
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate
DE   to UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00032; UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose biosynthesis.
//
ID   4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate from UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose and undecaprenyl phosphate.
AC   ULS00233
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-
DE   beta-L-arabinose and undecaprenyl phosphate to 4-amino-4-deoxy-
DE   alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate. It is composed of 2
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00036; 4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate from UDP-alpha-D-glucose.
AC   ULS00234
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UDP-alpha-D-glucose to
DE   UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00038; UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate and D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate from sedoheptulose 7-phosphate.
AC   ULS00235
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate
DE   to D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate and D-glycero-beta-D
DE   -manno-heptose 7-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00041; D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-alanine from L-alanine.
AC   ULS00236
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-alanine to D-alanine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00042; D-alanine biosynthesis.
//
ID   NH(3) and pyruvate from D-alanine.
AC   ULS00237
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-alanine to NH(3) and
DE   pyruvate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00043; D-alanine degradation.
//
ID   cyanurate from atrazine.
AC   ULS00238
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of atrazine to cyanurate. It
DE   is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00008; atrazine degradation.
//
ID   biuret from cyanurate.
AC   ULS00239
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of cyanurate to biuret. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00008; atrazine degradation.
//
ID   phosphatidylglycerol from CDP-diacylglycerol.
AC   ULS00240
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of CDP-diacylglycerol to
DE   phosphatidylglycerol. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00084; phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis.
//
ID   glycine from L-threonine.
AC   ULS00241
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-threonine to glycine.
DE   It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00046; L-threonine degradation via oxydo-reductase pathway.
//
ID   propanoate from L-threonine.
AC   ULS00242
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-threonine to
DE   propanoate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00052; L-threonine degradation via propanoate pathway.
//
ID   CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
AC   ULS00243
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of CTP and alpha-D-glucose
DE   1-phosphate to CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose. It is composed of 5
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00055; CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose biosynthesis.
//
ID   alpha-ribazole from 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole.
AC   ULS00244
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole
DE   to alpha-ribazole. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00061; alpha-ribazole biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from D-galactonate.
AC   ULS00245
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-galactonate to
DE   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00081; D-galactonate degradation.
//
ID   vindoline from tabersonine.
AC   ULS00246
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of tabersonine to vindoline.
DE   It is composed of 6 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00365; vindoline biosynthesis.
//
ID   alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00247
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-fructose 6-phosphate to
DE   alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00113; UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route I).
AC   ULS00248
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of alpha-D-glucosamine
DE   6-phosphate (route I) to N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00113; UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route II).
AC   ULS00249
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of alpha-D-glucosamine
DE   6-phosphate (route II) to N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00113; UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine from N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate.
AC   ULS00250
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N-acetyl-
DE   alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate to UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00113; UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-glucose from alpha,alpha-trehalose.
AC   ULS00251
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of alpha,alpha-trehalose to
DE   D-glucose. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00300; trehalose degradation.
//
ID   hypotaurine from 2-aminoethanethiol.
AC   ULS00252
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-aminoethanethiol to
DE   hypotaurine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00012; taurine biosynthesis.
//
ID   hypotaurine from L-cysteine.
AC   ULS00253
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-cysteine to
DE   hypotaurine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00012; taurine biosynthesis.
//
ID   taurine from hypotaurine.
AC   ULS00254
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of hypotaurine to taurine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00012; taurine biosynthesis.
//
ID   taurine from L-cysteine.
AC   ULS00255
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-cysteine to taurine. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00012; taurine biosynthesis.
//
ID   aminoacetaldehyde and sulfite from taurine.
AC   ULS00256
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of taurine to
DE   aminoacetaldehyde and sulfite. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00336; taurine degradation via aerobic pathway.
//
ID   acetyl phosphate and sulfite from taurine.
AC   ULS00257
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of taurine to acetyl
DE   phosphate and sulfite. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00336; taurine degradation via aerobic pathway.
//
ID   sucrose from D-fructose 6-phosphate and UDP-alpha-D-glucose.
AC   ULS00258
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-fructose 6-phosphate
DE   and UDP-alpha-D-glucose to sucrose. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00371; sucrose biosynthesis.
//
ID   3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene from trans-4-coumarate.
AC   ULS00259
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of trans-4-coumarate to
DE   3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00372; 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene biosynthesis.
//
ID   N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate from L-histidine.
AC   ULS00260
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-histidine to
DE   N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00379; L-histidine degradation into L-glutamate.
//
ID   L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (hydrolase route).
AC   ULS00261
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate
DE   (hydrolase route) to L-glutamate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00379; L-histidine degradation into L-glutamate.
//
ID   L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (deiminase route).
AC   ULS00262
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate
DE   (deiminase route) to L-glutamate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00379; L-histidine degradation into L-glutamate.
//
ID   L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (transferase route).
AC   ULS00263
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate
DE   (transferase route) to L-glutamate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00379; L-histidine degradation into L-glutamate.
//
ID   staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00264
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to
DE   staphyloxanthin. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00029; staphyloxanthin biosynthesis.
//
ID   ethylene from S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
AC   ULS00265
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine
DE   to ethylene. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00384; ethylene biosynthesis via S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
//
ID   geranylgeranyl diphosphate from farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00266
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate and
DE   isopentenyl diphosphate to geranylgeranyl diphosphate. It is composed
DE   of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00389; geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate from L-arabinose.
AC   ULS00267
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arabinose to
DE   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00141; L-arabinose degradation via L-arabinono-1,4-lactone pathway.
//
ID   glycolaldehyde and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate.
AC   ULS00268
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate to glycolaldehyde and pyruvate. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00141; L-arabinose degradation via L-arabinono-1,4-lactone pathway.
//
ID   2-oxoglutarate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate.
AC   ULS00269
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate to 2-oxoglutarate. It is composed of 2
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00141; L-arabinose degradation via L-arabinono-1,4-lactone pathway.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route).
AC   ULS00270
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arabinose (fungal
DE   route) to D-xylulose 5-phosphate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00146; L-arabinose degradation via L-arabinitol.
//
ID   creatine from L-arginine and glycine.
AC   ULS00271
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arginine and glycine to
DE   creatine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00104; creatine biosynthesis.
//
ID   pentalenene from farnesyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00272
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to
DE   pentalenene. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00171; pentalenene biosynthesis.
//
ID   aristolochene from farnesyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00273
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to
DE   aristolochene. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00177; aristolochene biosynthesis.
//
ID   germacradienol from farnesyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00274
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to
DE   germacradienol. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00283; germacradienol biosynthesis.
//
ID   germacrene D from farnesyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00275
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to
DE   germacrene D. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00285; germacrene D biosynthesis.
//
ID   NH(3) and pyruvate from L-alanine.
AC   ULS00276
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-alanine to NH(3) and
DE   pyruvate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00527; L-alanine degradation via dehydrogenase pathway.
//
ID   pyruvate from L-alanine.
AC   ULS00277
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-alanine to pyruvate. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00528; L-alanine degradation via transaminase pathway.
//
ID   betaine aldehyde from choline (dehydrogenase route).
AC   ULS00278
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of choline (dehydrogenase
DE   route) to betaine aldehyde. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00529; betaine biosynthesis via choline pathway.
//
ID   4-pyridoxate from pyridoxal.
AC   ULS00279
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxal to
DE   4-pyridoxate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00192; B6 vitamer degradation.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxine (oxidase route).
AC   ULS00280
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyridoxine (oxidase
DE   route) to pyridoxal. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00192; B6 vitamer degradation.
//
ID   protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from lipoate.
AC   ULS00281
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of lipoate to protein
DE   N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00537; protein lipoylation via exogenous pathway.
//
ID   protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].
AC   ULS00282
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-
DE   protein] to protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00538; protein lipoylation via endogenous pathway.
//
ID   thiamine diphosphate from thiamine phosphate.
AC   ULS00283
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of thiamine phosphate to
DE   thiamine diphosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00060; thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   thiamine phosphate from thiamine.
AC   ULS00284
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of thiamine to thiamine
DE   phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00060; thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   thiamine diphosphate from thiamine.
AC   ULS00285
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of thiamine to thiamine
DE   diphosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00060; thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   CO(2) and formate from oxalate.
AC   ULS00286
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of oxalate to CO(2) and
DE   formate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00540; oxalate degradation.
//
ID   NAD(+) from nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide.
AC   ULS00287
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nicotinamide
DE   D-ribonucleotide to NAD(+). It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from L-rhamnose.
AC   ULS00288
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-rhamnose to glycerone
DE   phosphate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00541; L-rhamnose degradation.
//
ID   lactose 6-phosphate from alpha-lactose (PTS route).
AC   ULS00289
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of alpha-lactose (PTS route)
DE   to lactose 6-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00542; lactose degradation.
//
ID   D-galactose 6-phosphate and beta-D-glucose from lactose 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00290
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of lactose 6-phosphate to
DE   D-galactose 6-phosphate and beta-D-glucose. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00542; lactose degradation.
//
ID   GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
AC   ULS00291
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-
DE   heptose 7-phosphate to GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose. It is
DE   composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00543; GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis.
//
ID   cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate.
AC   ULS00292
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to
DE   cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00551; cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate biosynthesis.
//
ID   (S)-lactate from pyruvate.
AC   ULS00293
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyruvate to (S)-lactate.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00554; pyruvate fermentation to lactate.
//
ID   CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.
AC   ULS00294
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
DE   to CDP-diacylglycerol. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00557; CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine from CDP-diacylglycerol.
AC   ULS00295
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of CDP-diacylglycerol to
DE   phosphatidylethanolamine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00558; phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate.
AC   ULS00296
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamate to acetate
DE   and pyruvate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00561; L-glutamate degradation via mesaconate pathway.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (glutathione route).
AC   ULS00297
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of formaldehyde (glutathione
DE   route) to formate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00562; formaldehyde degradation.
//
ID   L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate from L-fucose.
AC   ULS00298
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-fucose to
DE   L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00563; L-fucose degradation.
//
ID   2,5-dioxopentanoate from D-glucarate.
AC   ULS00299
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glucarate to
DE   2,5-dioxopentanoate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00564; D-glucarate degradation.
//
ID   D-glycerate from D-galactarate.
AC   ULS00300
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-galactarate to
DE   D-glycerate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00565; D-galactarate degradation.
//
ID   uridine from cytidine.
AC   ULS00301
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of cytidine to uridine. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00574; UMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   uracil from uridine (phosphorylase route).
AC   ULS00302
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of uridine (phosphorylase
DE   route) to uracil. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00574; UMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   uracil from uridine (hydrolase route).
AC   ULS00303
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of uridine (hydrolase route)
DE   to uracil. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00574; UMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   UMP from uracil.
AC   ULS00304
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of uracil to UMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00574; UMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   UMP from uridine.
AC   ULS00305
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of uridine to UMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00574; UMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   dTMP from thymine.
AC   ULS00306
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of thymine to dTMP. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00578; dTMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   CTP from cytidine.
AC   ULS00307
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of cytidine to CTP. It is
DE   composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00579; CTP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   malonate and urea from uracil.
AC   ULS00308
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of uracil to malonate and
DE   urea. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00582; uracil degradation via oxidative pathway.
//
ID   AMP from adenine.
AC   ULS00309
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of adenine to AMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00588; AMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   IMP from inosine.
AC   ULS00310
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of inosine to IMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00591; IMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   IMP from hypoxanthine.
AC   ULS00311
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of hypoxanthine to IMP. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00591; IMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   AMP from ADP.
AC   ULS00312
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of ADP to AMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00588; AMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   (S)-allantoin from urate.
AC   ULS00313
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of urate to (S)-allantoin.
DE   It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00394; urate degradation.
//
ID   allantoate from (S)-allantoin.
AC   ULS00314
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-allantoin to
DE   allantoate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00395; (S)-allantoin degradation.
//
ID   (S)-ureidoglycolate from allantoate (aminidohydrolase route).
AC   ULS00315
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of allantoate
DE   (aminidohydrolase route) to (S)-ureidoglycolate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00395; (S)-allantoin degradation.
//
ID   (S)-ureidoglycolate from allantoate (amidohydrolase route).
AC   ULS00316
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of allantoate
DE   (amidohydrolase route) to (S)-ureidoglycolate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00395; (S)-allantoin degradation.
//
ID   glyoxylate from (S)-ureidoglycolate.
AC   ULS00317
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-ureidoglycolate to
DE   glyoxylate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00395; (S)-allantoin degradation.
//
ID   oxalurate from (S)-ureidoglycolate.
AC   ULS00318
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-ureidoglycolate to
DE   oxalurate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00395; (S)-allantoin degradation.
//
ID   XMP from xanthine.
AC   ULS00319
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of xanthine to XMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00602; XMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   AMP from adenosine.
AC   ULS00320
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of adenosine to AMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00588; AMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   xanthine from guanine.
AC   ULS00321
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of guanine to xanthine. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00603; guanine degradation.
//
ID   urate from hypoxanthine.
AC   ULS00322
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of hypoxanthine to urate. It
DE   is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00604; hypoxanthine degradation.
//
ID   IMP from AMP.
AC   ULS00323
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of AMP to IMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00591; IMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   phosphatidate from CDP-diacylglycerol.
AC   ULS00324
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of CDP-diacylglycerol to
DE   phosphatidate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00609; CDP-diacylglycerol degradation.
//
ID   dUMP from dCTP (dUTP route).
AC   ULS00325
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of dCTP (dUTP route) to
DE   dUMP. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00610; dUMP biosynthesis.
//
ID   dUMP from dCTP.
AC   ULS00326
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of dCTP to dUMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00610; dUMP biosynthesis.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from glycerol (oxidative route).
AC   ULS00327
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycerol (oxidative
DE   route) to glycerone phosphate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00617; glycerol fermentation.
//
ID   propane-1,3-diol from glycerol (reductive route).
AC   ULS00328
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycerol (reductive
DE   route) to propane-1,3-diol. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00617; glycerol fermentation.
//
ID   sn-glycerol 3-phosphate from glycerol.
AC   ULS00329
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycerol to sn-glycerol
DE   3-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00618; glycerol degradation via glycerol kinase pathway.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (anaerobic route).
AC   ULS00330
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
DE   (anaerobic route) to glycerone phosphate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00618; glycerol degradation via glycerol kinase pathway.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (aerobic route).
AC   ULS00331
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
DE   (aerobic route) to glycerone phosphate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00618; glycerol degradation via glycerol kinase pathway.
//
ID   (R)-lactate from methylglyoxal.
AC   ULS00332
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of methylglyoxal to
DE   (R)-lactate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00619; methylglyoxal degradation.
//
ID   (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol from pyruvate.
AC   ULS00333
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyruvate to
DE   (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00626; (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate.
AC   ULS00334
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N-acetylneuraminate to
DE   D-fructose 6-phosphate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00629; N-acetylneuraminate degradation.
//
ID   crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate.
AC   ULS00335
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamate to crotonoyl-
DE   CoA. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00533; L-glutamate degradation via hydroxyglutarate pathway.
//
ID   L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (NADP(+) route).
AC   ULS00336
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate and
DE   L-glutamine (NADP(+) route) to L-glutamate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00634; L-glutamate biosynthesis via GLT pathway.
//
ID   L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (NAD(+) route).
AC   ULS00337
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate and
DE   L-glutamine (NAD(+) route) to L-glutamate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00634; L-glutamate biosynthesis via GLT pathway.
//
ID   L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (ferredoxin route).
AC   ULS00338
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate and
DE   L-glutamine (ferredoxin route) to L-glutamate. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00634; L-glutamate biosynthesis via GLT pathway.
//
ID   5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from CO(2).
AC   ULS00339
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of CO(2) to
DE   5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00640; methanogenesis from CO(2).
//
ID   5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (coenzyme F420 route).
AC   ULS00340
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (coenzyme F420 route) to
DE   5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00640; methanogenesis from CO(2).
//
ID   5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (hydrogen route).
AC   ULS00341
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (hydrogen route) to
DE   5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00640; methanogenesis from CO(2).
//
ID   methyl-coenzyme M from 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.
AC   ULS00342
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin to methyl-coenzyme M.
DE   It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00640; methanogenesis from CO(2).
//
ID   methane from methyl-coenzyme M.
AC   ULS00343
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of methyl-coenzyme M to
DE   methane. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00646; methyl-coenzyme M reduction.
//
ID   coenzyme B and coenzyme M from coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide.
AC   ULS00344
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of coenzyme M-coenzyme B
DE   heterodisulfide to coenzyme B and coenzyme M. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00647; coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide reduction.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route).
AC   ULS00345
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of formaldehyde (H(4)MPT
DE   route) to formate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00562; formaldehyde degradation.
//
ID   uracil from cytosine.
AC   ULS00346
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of cytosine to uracil. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00574; UMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   dinitrogen from nitrate.
AC   ULS00347
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nitrate to dinitrogen. It
DE   is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00652; nitrate reduction (denitrification).
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from malonyl-CoA.
AC   ULS00348
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of malonyl-CoA to acetyl-
DE   CoA. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00340; acetyl-CoA biosynthesis.
//
ID   malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA.
AC   ULS00349
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-
DE   CoA. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00655; malonyl-CoA biosynthesis.
//
ID   heme A from heme O.
AC   ULS00350
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of heme O to heme A. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00269; heme A biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-tagatose 6-phosphate from D-galactose 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00351
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-galactose 6-phosphate
DE   to D-tagatose 6-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00702; D-galactose 6-phosphate degradation.
//
ID   isocitrate from oxaloacetate.
AC   ULS00352
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of oxaloacetate to
DE   isocitrate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
HP   UPA00703; glyoxylate cycle.
//
ID   (S)-malate from isocitrate.
AC   ULS00353
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of isocitrate to (S)-malate.
DE   It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00703; glyoxylate cycle.
//
ID   oxaloacetate from (S)-malate.
AC   ULS00354
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-malate to
DE   oxaloacetate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
HP   UPA00703; glyoxylate cycle.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-tagatose 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00355
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-tagatose 6-phosphate to
DE   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate. It is composed
DE   of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00704; D-tagatose 6-phosphate degradation.
//
ID   phenylacetate from L-phenylalanine.
AC   ULS00356
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-phenylalanine to
DE   phenylacetate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00139; L-phenylalanine degradation.
//
ID   trans-cinnamate from L-phenylalanine.
AC   ULS00357
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-phenylalanine to trans-
DE   cinnamate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00713; trans-cinnamate biosynthesis.
//
ID   kynurenate from L-kynurenine.
AC   ULS00358
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-kynurenine to
DE   kynurenate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00334; L-kynurenine degradation.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from phthalate.
AC   ULS00359
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of phthalate to
DE   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00726; phthalate degradation.
//
ID   1,3-diaminopropane from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.
AC   ULS00360
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-aspartate
DE   4-semialdehyde to 1,3-diaminopropane. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00010; 1,3-diaminopropane biosynthesis.
//
ID   dopamine from L-tyrosine.
AC   ULS00361
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-tyrosine to dopamine.
DE   It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00747; dopamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   (R)-noradrenaline from dopamine.
AC   ULS00362
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of dopamine to
DE   (R)-noradrenaline. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00748; (R)-noradrenaline biosynthesis.
//
ID   (R)-adrenaline from (R)-noradrenaline.
AC   ULS00363
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (R)-noradrenaline to
DE   (R)-adrenaline. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00749; (R)-adrenaline biosynthesis.
//
ID   phosphocholine from choline.
AC   ULS00364
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of choline to
DE   phosphocholine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00753; phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.
//
ID   phosphocholine from phosphoethanolamine.
AC   ULS00365
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of phosphoethanolamine to
DE   phosphocholine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00753; phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.
//
ID   phosphatidylcholine from phosphocholine.
AC   ULS00366
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of phosphocholine to
DE   phosphatidylcholine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00753; phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine.
AC   ULS00367
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of ethanolamine to
DE   phosphatidylethanolamine. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00558; phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   dhurrin from L-tyrosine.
AC   ULS00368
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-tyrosine to dhurrin. It
DE   is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00757; dhurrin biosynthesis.
//
ID   AMP from 3',5'-cyclic AMP.
AC   ULS00369
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3',5'-cyclic AMP to AMP.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00762; 3',5'-cyclic AMP degradation.
//
ID   GMP from 3',5'-cyclic GMP.
AC   ULS00370
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3',5'-cyclic GMP to GMP.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00763; 3',5'-cyclic GMP degradation.
//
ID   5-valerolactone from cyclopentanol.
AC   ULS00371
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of cyclopentanol to
DE   5-valerolactone. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00764; cyclopentanol degradation.
//
ID   lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00372
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to
DE   lanosterol. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00767; lanosterol biosynthesis.
//
ID   zymosterol from lanosterol.
AC   ULS00373
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of lanosterol to zymosterol.
DE   It is composed of 6 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00770; zymosterol biosynthesis.
//
ID   ergosterol from zymosterol.
AC   ULS00374
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of zymosterol to ergosterol.
DE   It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00768; ergosterol biosynthesis.
//
ID   dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone from D-arabinose.
AC   ULS00375
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-arabinose to
DE   dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00771; D-erythroascorbate biosynthesis.
//
ID   acetate from ethanol.
AC   ULS00376
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of ethanol to acetate. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00780; ethanol degradation.
//
ID   D-glucose 6-phosphate and lysine from fructoselysine.
AC   ULS00377
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of fructoselysine to
DE   D-glucose 6-phosphate and lysine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00784; fructoselysine degradation.
//
ID   UDP-alpha-D-xylose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
AC   ULS00378
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate
DE   to UDP-alpha-D-xylose. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00796; UDP-alpha-D-xylose biosynthesis.
//
ID   UDP-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-xylose.
AC   ULS00379
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UDP-alpha-D-xylose to
DE   UDP-L-arabinose. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00797; UDP-L-arabinose biosynthesis.
//
ID   all-trans-phytoene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00380
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of geranylgeranyl
DE   diphosphate to all-trans-phytoene. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00799; phytoene biosynthesis.
//
ID   capsanthin from antheraxanthin.
AC   ULS00381
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of antheraxanthin to
DE   capsanthin. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00806; capsanthin biosynthesis.
//
ID   capsorubin from violaxanthin.
AC   ULS00382
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of violaxanthin to
DE   capsorubin. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00807; capsorubin biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate from dibenzofuran.
AC   ULS00383
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of dibenzofuran to
DE   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00808; dibenzofuran degradation.
//
ID   2-hydroxymuconate and catechol from dibenzo-p-dioxin.
AC   ULS00384
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of dibenzo-p-dioxin to
DE   2-hydroxymuconate and catechol. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00809; dibenzo-p-dioxin degradation.
//
ID   D-sorbitol 6-phosphate from D-sorbitol.
AC   ULS00385
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-sorbitol to D-sorbitol
DE   6-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00812; D-sorbitol degradation.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-sorbitol 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00386
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-sorbitol 6-phosphate to
DE   D-fructose 6-phosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00812; D-sorbitol degradation.
//
ID   D-sorbitol from D-fructose and D-glucose.
AC   ULS00387
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-fructose and D-glucose
DE   to D-sorbitol. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00815; D-sorbitol biosynthesis.
//
ID   D-gluconate from D-glucono-1,5-lactone.
AC   ULS00388
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glucono-1,5-lactone to
DE   D-gluconate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00814; D-gluconate biosynthesis.
//
ID   histamine from L-histidine.
AC   ULS00389
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-histidine to histamine.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00822; histamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   myo-inositol from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00390
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate to
DE   myo-inositol. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00823; myo-inositol biosynthesis.
//
ID   trans-4-coumarate from trans-cinnamate.
AC   ULS00391
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of trans-cinnamate to
DE   trans-4-coumarate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00825; trans-4-coumarate biosynthesis.
//
ID   nicotinate from nicotinamide.
AC   ULS00392
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nicotinamide to
DE   nicotinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00830; nicotinate biosynthesis.
HP   UPA01009; nicotinate metabolism.
//
ID   heme O from protoheme.
AC   ULS00393
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of protoheme to heme O. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00834; heme O biosynthesis.
//
ID   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate from 3-phenylpropanoate.
AC   ULS00395
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-phenylpropanoate to
DE   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00714; 3-phenylpropanoate degradation.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate.
AC   ULS00396
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate to acetaldehyde and pyruvate. It is
DE   composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00714; 3-phenylpropanoate degradation.
//
ID   serotonin from L-tryptophan.
AC   ULS00398
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-tryptophan to
DE   serotonin. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00846; serotonin biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate from L-tartrate.
AC   ULS00399
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-tartrate to
DE   2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00839; tartrate degradation.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate from meso-tartrate.
AC   ULS00400
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of meso-tartrate to
DE   2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00839; tartrate degradation.
//
ID   D-glycerate from 2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate.
AC   ULS00401
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate
DE   to D-glycerate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00839; tartrate degradation.
//
ID   D-glycerate from L-tartrate.
AC   ULS00402
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-tartrate to
DE   D-glycerate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00839; tartrate degradation.
//
ID   3-hydroxypyruvate from D-glycerate.
AC   ULS00403
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glycerate to
DE   3-hydroxypyruvate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00839; tartrate degradation.
//
ID   4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine and 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole from thiamine.
AC   ULS00404
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of thiamine to
DE   4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine and
DE   5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00841; thiamine degradation.
//
ID   taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol from geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00405
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of geranylgeranyl
DE   diphosphate to taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol. It is composed of 2
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00842; taxol biosynthesis.
//
ID   10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III from taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol.
AC   ULS00406
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of taxa-4(20),11-dien-
DE   5alpha-ol to 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III. It is composed of 3
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00842; taxol biosynthesis.
//
ID   baccatin III from 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III.
AC   ULS00407
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III to baccatin III. It is composed of
DE   2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00842; taxol biosynthesis.
//
ID   taxol from baccatin III.
AC   ULS00408
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of baccatin III to taxol. It
DE   is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00842; taxol biosynthesis.
//
ID   melatonin from serotonin.
AC   ULS00409
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of serotonin to melatonin.
DE   It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00837; melatonin biosynthesis.
//
ID   7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate from GTP.
AC   ULS00410
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of GTP to
DE   7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00848; 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate biosynthesis.
//
ID   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate from 7,8-dihydrofolate.
AC   ULS00411
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 7,8-dihydrofolate to
DE   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00077; tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.
//
ID   7,8-dihydrofolate from folate.
AC   ULS00412
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of folate to
DE   7,8-dihydrofolate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00077; tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
AC   ULS00413
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 7,8-dihydroneopterin
DE   triphosphate to tetrahydrobiopterin. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00849; tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from biopterin.
AC   ULS00414
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of biopterin to
DE   tetrahydrobiopterin. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00849; tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin.
AC   ULS00415
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pectin to
DE   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00545; pectin degradation.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate.
AC   ULS00416
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate to D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and
DE   pyruvate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00856; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate degradation.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate.
AC   ULS00417
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycolate to
DE   3-phospho-D-glycerate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00864; glycolate degradation.
//
ID   glycolate from 2-phosphoglycolate.
AC   ULS00418
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycolate to
DE   glycolate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00865; glycolate biosynthesis.
//
ID   glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
AC   ULS00419
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-lysine to glutaryl-CoA.
DE   It is composed of 6 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00868; L-lysine degradation via saccharopine pathway.
//
ID   glutarate from L-lysine.
AC   ULS00420
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-lysine to glutarate. It
DE   is composed of 6 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00869; L-lysine degradation via acetylation pathway.
//
ID   2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate.
AC   ULS00421
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of indoleglycerol phosphate
DE   to 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one. It is composed of 5 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00872; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one biosynthesis.
//
ID   benzoate from (R)-mandelate.
AC   ULS00422
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (R)-mandelate to
DE   benzoate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00873; (R)-mandelate degradation.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from dihydrobiopterin.
AC   ULS00423
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of dihydrobiopterin to
DE   tetrahydrobiopterin. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00849; tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis.
//
ID   4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate from L-leucine (aminotransferase route).
AC   ULS00424
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-leucine
DE   (aminotransferase route) to 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. It is composed
DE   of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00363; L-leucine degradation.
//
ID   4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate from L-leucine (dehydrogenase route).
AC   ULS00425
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-leucine (dehydrogenase
DE   route) to 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00363; L-leucine degradation.
//
ID   3-isovaleryl-CoA from 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate.
AC   ULS00426
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate
DE   to 3-isovaleryl-CoA. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00363; L-leucine degradation.
//
ID   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from 3-isovaleryl-CoA.
AC   ULS00427
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 3-isovaleryl-CoA to
DE   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00363; L-leucine degradation.
//
ID   (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one from (4R)-limonene.
AC   ULS00428
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (4R)-limonene to
DE   (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one. It is composed of 3 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00987; (4R)-limonene degradation.
//
ID   (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone from (4R)-limonene.
AC   ULS00429
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (4R)-limonene to
DE   (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00987; (4R)-limonene degradation.
//
ID   formaldehyde from methylamine.
AC   ULS00430
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of methylamine to
DE   formaldehyde. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00895; methylamine degradation.
//
ID   acetoacetate from (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA.
AC   ULS00431
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-3-hydroxy-3
DE   -methylglutaryl-CoA to acetoacetate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00896; (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA degradation.
//
ID   S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (hydrolase route).
AC   ULS00432
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine
DE   (hydrolase route) to S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00904; L-methionine biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (phosphorylase route).
AC   ULS00433
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine
DE   (phosphorylase route) to S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00904; L-methionine biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
AC   ULS00434
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of S-methyl-5-thio-
DE   alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate to L-methionine. It is composed of 6
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00904; L-methionine biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate from putrescine.
AC   ULS00435
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of putrescine to
DE   4-aminobutanoate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00188; putrescine degradation.
//
ID   ppGpp from GTP.
AC   ULS00436
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of GTP to ppGpp. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00908; ppGpp biosynthesis.
//
ID   ppGpp from GDP.
AC   ULS00437
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of GDP to ppGpp. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00908; ppGpp biosynthesis.
//
ID   GMP from guanine.
AC   ULS00438
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of guanine to GMP. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00909; GMP biosynthesis via salvage pathway.
//
ID   D-ribose 5-phosphate from beta-D-ribopyranose.
AC   ULS00439
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of beta-D-ribopyranose to
DE   D-ribose 5-phosphate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00916; D-ribose degradation.
//
ID   nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate and nicotinamide.
AC   ULS00440
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose
DE   1-diphosphate and nicotinamide to nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00253; NAD(+) biosynthesis.
//
ID   formate from pyruvate.
AC   ULS00441
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pyruvate to formate. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00920; pyruvate fermentation.
//
ID   stachyose from raffinose.
AC   ULS00442
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of raffinose to stachyose.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00925; stachyose biosynthesis.
//
ID   formaldehyde from methanol.
AC   ULS00443
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of methanol to formaldehyde.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00928; methanol degradation.
//
ID   acetoacetyl-CoA from succinyl-CoA.
AC   ULS00444
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of succinyl-CoA to
DE   acetoacetyl-CoA. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00929; succinyl-CoA degradation.
//
ID   L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) from L-serine and tRNA(Sec).
AC   ULS00445
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-serine and tRNA(Sec) to
DE   L-seryl-tRNA(Sec). It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00906; selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) biosynthesis.
//
ID   selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (archaeal/eukaryal route).
AC   ULS00446
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-seryl-tRNA(Sec)
DE   (archaeal/eukaryal route) to selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec). It is composed
DE   of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00906; selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) biosynthesis.
//
ID   selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (bacterial route).
AC   ULS00447
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-seryl-tRNA(Sec)
DE   (bacterial route) to selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec). It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00906; selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) biosynthesis.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxyribulos-1-ylamino)methylideneamino]-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.
AC   ULS00448
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxyribu
DE   los-1-ylamino)methylideneamino]-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carbox
DE   amide to 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide. It is
DE   composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
AC   ULS00449
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of p-cumate to acetaldehyde
DE   and pyruvate. It is composed of 7 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00937; p-cumate degradation.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from propanoyl-CoA.
AC   ULS00450
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of propanoyl-CoA to
DE   succinyl-CoA. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00945; propanoyl-CoA degradation.
//
ID   glycine from 2-phosphoglycolate.
AC   ULS00451
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycolate to
DE   glycine. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00951; photorespiration.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine.
AC   ULS00452
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of glycine to
DE   3-phospho-D-glycerate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00951; photorespiration.
//
ID   6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (S-isomer route).
AC   ULS00453
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nicotine (S-isomer route)
DE   to 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00106; nicotine degradation.
//
ID   2,6-dihydroxypyridine and 4-(methylamino)butanoate from 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine.
AC   ULS00454
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine to 2,6-dihydroxypyridine and
DE   4-(methylamino)butanoate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00106; nicotine degradation.
//
ID   2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
AC   ULS00455
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate to
DE   2-deoxystreptamine. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00907; 2-deoxystreptamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   (4S)-limonene from geranyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00456
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate to
DE   (4S)-limonene. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00984; (4S)-limonene biosynthesis.
//
ID   (4R)-limonene from geranyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00457
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate to
DE   (4R)-limonene. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00983; (4R)-limonene biosynthesis.
//
ID   (-)-alpha-pinene from geranyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00458
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate to
DE   (-)-alpha-pinene. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00985; (-)-alpha-pinene biosynthesis.
//
ID   (-)-beta-pinene from geranyl diphosphate.
AC   ULS00459
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate to
DE   (-)-beta-pinene. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00986; (-)-beta-pinene biosynthesis.
//
ID   FMN from riboflavin (CTP route).
AC   ULS00460
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of riboflavin (CTP route) to
DE   FMN. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00276; FMN biosynthesis.
//
ID   GDP-alpha-D-mannose from alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate (GTP route).
AC   ULS00462
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of alpha-D-mannose
DE   1-phosphate (GTP route) to GDP-alpha-D-mannose. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00126; GDP-alpha-D-mannose biosynthesis.
//
ID   GDP-alpha-D-mannose from alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate (GDP route).
AC   ULS00463
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of alpha-D-mannose
DE   1-phosphate (GDP route) to GDP-alpha-D-mannose. It is composed of one
DE   enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00126; GDP-alpha-D-mannose biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
AC   ULS00464
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of GDP-alpha-D-mannose to
DE   L-ascorbate. It is composed of 5 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00990; L-ascorbate biosynthesis via GDP-alpha-D-mannose pathway.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
AC   ULS00465
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate
DE   to L-ascorbate. It is composed of 4 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00991; L-ascorbate biosynthesis via UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate pathway.
//
ID   phosphatidylcholine from choline.
AC   ULS00466
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of choline to
DE   phosphatidylcholine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00753; phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.
//
ID   CO(2) and NH(3) from carbamoyl phosphate.
AC   ULS00467
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of carbamoyl phosphate to
DE   CO(2) and NH(3). It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00996; carbamoyl phosphate degradation.
//
ID   putrescine from N-carbamoylputrescine (amidase route).
AC   ULS00468
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N-carbamoylputrescine
DE   (amidase route) to putrescine. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00534; putrescine biosynthesis via agmatine pathway.
//
ID   putrescine from N-carbamoylputrescine (transferase route).
AC   ULS00469
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of N-carbamoylputrescine
DE   (transferase route) to putrescine. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00534; putrescine biosynthesis via agmatine pathway.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole from N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.
AC   ULS00470
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide to
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole. It is composed of 2
DE   enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (carboxylase route).
AC   ULS00471
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (carboxylase route) to
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate. It is composed
DE   of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (N5-CAIR route).
AC   ULS00472
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (N5-CAIR route) to
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate. It is composed
DE   of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate.
AC   ULS00473
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate to
DE   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide. It is composed
DE   of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00074; IMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   8-amino-7-oxononanoate from pimeloyl-CoA.
AC   ULS00474
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of pimeloyl-CoA to
DE   8-amino-7-oxononanoate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00078; biotin biosynthesis.
//
ID   7,8-diaminononanoate from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (SAM route).
AC   ULS00475
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 8-amino-7-oxononanoate
DE   (SAM route) to 7,8-diaminononanoate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00078; biotin biosynthesis.
//
ID   7,8-diaminononanoate from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (Lys route).
AC   ULS00476
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 8-amino-7-oxononanoate
DE   (Lys route) to 7,8-diaminononanoate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00078; biotin biosynthesis.
//
ID   biotin from 7,8-diaminononanoate.
AC   ULS00477
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 7,8-diaminononanoate to
DE   biotin. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00078; biotin biosynthesis.
//
ID   (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate.
AC   ULS00478
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of bicarbonate to
DE   (S)-dihydroorotate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00070; UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (O2 route).
AC   ULS00479
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-dihydroorotate (O2
DE   route) to orotate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00070; UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (NAD(+) route).
AC   ULS00480
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-dihydroorotate
DE   (NAD(+) route) to orotate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00070; UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (quinone route).
AC   ULS00481
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-dihydroorotate
DE   (quinone route) to orotate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00070; UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   UMP from orotate.
AC   ULS00482
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of orotate to UMP. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00070; UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway.
//
ID   (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate from prephenate (NAD(+) route).
AC   ULS00483
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of prephenate (NAD(+) route)
DE   to (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00122; L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
//
ID   (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate from prephenate (NADP(+) route).
AC   ULS00484
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of prephenate (NADP(+)
DE   route) to (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00122; L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-tyrosine from (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate.
AC   ULS00485
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate
DE   to L-tyrosine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00122; L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-tyrosine from L-arogenate (NAD(+) route).
AC   ULS00486
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arogenate (NAD(+)
DE   route) to L-tyrosine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00122; L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-tyrosine from L-arogenate (NADP(+) route).
AC   ULS00487
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-arogenate (NADP(+)
DE   route) to L-tyrosine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00122; L-tyrosine biosynthesis.
//
ID   2-oxoglutarate from isocitrate (NADP(+) route).
AC   ULS00488
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of isocitrate (NADP(+)
DE   route) to 2-oxoglutarate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   2-oxoglutarate from isocitrate (NAD(+) route).
AC   ULS00489
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of isocitrate (NAD(+) route)
DE   to 2-oxoglutarate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from 2-oxoglutarate (dehydrogenase route).
AC   ULS00490
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate
DE   (dehydrogenase route) to succinyl-CoA. It is composed of one enzymatic
DE   reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from 2-oxoglutarate (synthase route).
AC   ULS00491
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate (synthase
DE   route) to succinyl-CoA. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   succinate from succinyl-CoA (ligase route).
AC   ULS00492
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of succinyl-CoA (ligase
DE   route) to succinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   succinate from succinyl-CoA (transferase route).
AC   ULS00493
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of succinyl-CoA (transferase
DE   route) to succinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   succinate from 2-oxoglutarate (transferase route).
AC   ULS00494
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate
DE   (transferase route) to succinate. It is composed of 2 enzymatic
DE   reactions.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   fumarate from succinate (bacterial route).
AC   ULS00495
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of succinate (bacterial
DE   route) to fumarate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   fumarate from succinate (eukaryal route).
AC   ULS00496
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of succinate (eukaryal
DE   route) to fumarate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   (S)-malate from fumarate.
AC   ULS00497
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of fumarate to (S)-malate.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   oxaloacetate from (S)-malate (quinone route).
AC   ULS00498
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of (S)-malate (quinone
DE   route) to oxaloacetate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00223; tricarboxylic acid cycle.
//
ID   riboflavin from 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate and 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil.
AC   ULS00499
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl
DE   phosphate and 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil to riboflavin. It is
DE   composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA00275; riboflavin biosynthesis.
//
ID   beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside from D-fructose 6-phosphate and GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
AC   ULS00500
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of D-fructose 6-phosphate
DE   and GDP-alpha-D-mannose to beta-D-fructofuranosyl
DE   alpha-D-mannopyranoside. It is composed of 2 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA01006; mannosylfructose biosynthesis.
//
ID   6-hydroxynicotinate from nicotinate.
AC   ULS00501
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of nicotinate to
DE   6-hydroxynicotinate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA01010; nicotinate degradation.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
AC   ULS00502
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 6-hydroxynicotinate to
DE   propanoate and pyruvate. It is composed of 8 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA01010; nicotinate degradation.
//
ID   4-hydroxybenzoate from 4-chlorobenzoate.
AC   ULS00503
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of 4-chlorobenzoate to
DE   4-hydroxybenzoate. It is composed of 3 enzymatic reactions.
HP   UPA01011; 4-chlorobenzoate degradation.
//
ID   glycine from L-serine.
AC   ULS00504
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-serine to glycine. It
DE   is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA00288; glycine biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-aspartate from oxaloacetate.
AC   ULS00505
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of oxaloacetate to
DE   L-aspartate. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA01012; L-aspartate biosynthesis.
//
ID   L-glutamine from L-glutamate.
AC   ULS00506
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of L-glutamate to
DE   L-glutamine. It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA01013; L-glutamine biosynthesis.
//
ID   catechol from anthranilate.
AC   ULS00507
CL   Sub-pathway.
DE   This sub-pathway describes the conversion of anthranilate to catechol.
DE   It is composed of one enzymatic reaction.
HP   UPA01016; anthranilate degradation via hydroxylation.
//
ID   beta-alanine from L-aspartate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00002
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-aspartate => 1 CO(2) + 1 beta-alanine.
HP   ULS00002; beta-alanine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00489.
//
ID   (R)-pantoate from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00003
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + 1 5,10-methylene-THF +
DE   1 H(2)O => 1 2-dehydropantoate + 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate.
HP   ULS00003; (R)-pantoate from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01226.
//
ID   (R)-pantoate from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00004
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-dehydropantoate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 (R)-
DE   pantoate + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00003; (R)-pantoate from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.169.
DR   PubMed; 17229734.
DR   PubMed; 15966718.
DR   PubMed; 10736170.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02472.
//
ID   (R)-pantothenate from (R)-pantoate and beta-alanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00005
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-pantoate + 1 ATP + 1 beta-alanine => 1 (R)-
DE   pantothenate + 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00004; (R)-pantothenate from (R)-pantoate and beta-alanine.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02473.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 1/9.
AC   UER00006
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1 ATP =>
DE   1 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-ATP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.17.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01071.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 2/9.
AC   UER00007
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-ATP + 1 H(2)O => 1 1-(5-
DE   phosphoribosyl)-5'-AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.6.1.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04035.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 3/9.
AC   UER00008
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5'-AMP + 1 H(2)O => 1 5-(5-
DE   phospho-D-ribosylaminoformimino)-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-imidazole-4-
DE   carboxamide.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04037.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 4/9.
AC   UER00009
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-(5-phospho-D-ribosylaminoformimino)-1-(5-
DE   phosphoribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide => 1 5-[(5-phospho-1-
DE   deoxyribulos-1-ylamino)methylideneamino]-1-(5-
DE   phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04640.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 5/9.
AC   UER00010
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxyribulos-1-
DE   ylamino)methylideneamino]-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide
DE   + 1 L-glutamine => 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-
DE   carboxamide + 1 D-erythro-1-(imidazol-4-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate + 1 L-
DE   glutamate.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.-.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.-.
DR   PubMed; 1183930.
DR   PubMed; 15363855.
DR   PubMed; 11264293.
DR   PubMed; 12795595.
DR   PubMed; 16142895.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04558.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 6/9.
AC   UER00011
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-erythro-1-(imidazol-4-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate
DE   => 1 H(2)O + 1 imidazole-acetol phosphate.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03457.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 7/9.
AC   UER00012
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 imidazole-acetol phosphate => 1
DE   2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-histidinol phosphate.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03243.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 8/9.
AC   UER00013
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-histidinol phosphate => 1 L-
DE   histidinol + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03013.
//
ID   L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 9/9.
AC   UER00014
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-histidinol + 2 NAD(+) => 2 H(+) + 1
DE   L-histidine + 2 NADH.
HP   ULS00005; L-histidine from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.23.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01158.
//
ID   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00015
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-aspartate => 1 4-phospho-L-aspartate +
DE   1 ADP.
HP   ULS00006; (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00480.
//
ID   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00016
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-phospho-L-aspartate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 L-
DE   aspartate 4-semialdehyde + 1 NADP(+) + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00006; (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02291.
//
ID   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00017
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + 1 pyruvate => 1 (S)-
DE   2,3-dihydrodipicolinate + 2 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00006; (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.52.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02292.
//
ID   (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00018
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: (S)-2,3-dihydrodipicolinate + H(+) + [NADH or
DE   NADPH] => (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00006; (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04198.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04199.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route): step 1/3.
AC   UER00019
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate + 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   succinyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1 L-2-succinylamino-6-oxopimelate.
HP   ULS00007; LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.117.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04365.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route): step 2/3.
AC   UER00020
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-2-succinylamino-6-oxopimelate + 1 L-glutamate
DE   => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 N-succinyl-LL-2,6-diaminopimelate.
HP   ULS00007; LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.17.
DR   PubMed; 10850974.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04475.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route): step 3/3.
AC   UER00021
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-succinyl-LL-2,6-diaminopimelate => 1
DE   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00007; LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (succinylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02734.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route): step 1/3.
AC   UER00022
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate + 1 H(2)O + 1 acetyl-
DE   CoA => 1 (S)-2-acetamido-6-oxopimelate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00008; LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.89.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04364.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route): step 2/3.
AC   UER00023
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-2-acetamido-6-oxopimelate + 1 L-glutamate =>
DE   1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 N-acetyl-LL-2,6-diaminopimelate.
HP   ULS00008; LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 14627808.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04467.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route): step 3/3.
AC   UER00024
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-acetyl-LL-2,6-diaminopimelate => 1
DE   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00008; LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (acetylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.47.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02733.
//
ID   DL-2,6-diaminopimelate from LL-2,6-diaminopimelate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00025
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 LL-2,6-diaminopimelate => 1 DL-2,6-
DE   diaminopimelate.
HP   ULS00009; DL-2,6-diaminopimelate from LL-2,6-diaminopimelate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.1.7.
DR   PubMed; 19013471.
DR   PubMed; 17889830.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02735.
//
ID   DL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00026
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate + 1 H(+) + 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   NADPH + 1 NH(3) => 1 DL-2,6-diaminopimelate + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00010; DL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02755.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04336.
//
ID   L-lysine from DL-2,6-diaminopimelate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00027
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 DL-2,6-diaminopimelate => 1 CO(2) + 1 L-lysine.
HP   ULS00011; L-lysine from DL-2,6-diaminopimelate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00451.
//
ID   L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00028
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 H(2)O + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1 (R)-
DE   homocitrate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00012; L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.3.14.
DR   PubMed; 19776021.
DR   PubMed; 19996101.
DR   PubMed; 20089861.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00271.
//
ID   L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00029
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-homocitrate => 1 homoisocitrate.
HP   ULS00012; L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.36.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03444.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04371.
//
ID   L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00030
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 homoisocitrate => 1 2-oxoadipate + 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00012; L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.87.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01936.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04862.
//
ID   L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00031
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoadipate + 1 L-glutamate => 1 2-oxoglutarate
DE   + 1 L-alpha-aminoadipate.
HP   ULS00012; L-alpha-aminoadipate from 2-oxoglutarate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.39.
DR   PubMed; 15256574.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01939.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (fungal route): step 1/3.
AC   UER00032
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 H(+) + 1 L-alpha-aminoadipate + 1 NADPH
DE   => 1 AMP + 1 L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdahyde + 1 NADP(+) + 1
DE   diphosphate + 1 holo-Lys2.
HP   ULS00013; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03098.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04390.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04863.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (fungal route): step 2/3.
AC   UER00033
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdahyde + 1 L-
DE   glutamate + 1 NADPH => 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) + 1 saccharopine.
HP   ULS00013; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02315.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (fungal route): step 3/3.
AC   UER00034
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 saccharopine => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 H(+) + 1 L-lysine + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00013; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00715.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route): step 1/5.
AC   UER00035
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-alpha-aminoadipate => 1 N-acetyl-L-2-
DE   aminoadipate.
HP   ULS00014; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.n4.
DR   PubMed; 12963379.
DR   PubMed; 19620981.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06841.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route): step 2/5.
AC   UER00036
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate => 1 ADP + 1 N-
DE   acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate 5-phosphate.
HP   ULS00014; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.-.
DR   PubMed; 12213936.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06842.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route): step 3/5.
AC   UER00037
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate 5-phosphate +
DE   1 NADPH => 1 N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate semialdehyde + 1 NADP(+) + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00014; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06843.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route): step 4/5.
AC   UER00038
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate
DE   semialdehyde => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 N-acetyl-L-lysine.
HP   ULS00014; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06844.
//
ID   L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route): step 5/5.
AC   UER00039
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-acetyl-L-lysine => 1 L-lysine + 1
DE   acetate.
HP   ULS00014; L-lysine from L-alpha-aminoadipate (Thermus route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 11852094.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06845.
//
ID   sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite: step 1/4.
AC   UER00469
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 phosphoenolpyruvate + 1 sulfite => 1 (2R)-O-
DE   phospho-3-sulfolactic acid.
HP   ULS00015; sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite.
DR   ENZYME; 4.4.1.19.
DR   PubMed; 12952952.
DR   PubMed; 11830598.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07476.
//
ID   sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite: step 2/4.
AC   UER00470
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2R)-O-phospho-3-sulfolactic acid + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   (R)-3-sulfolactic acid + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00015; sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.71.
DR   PubMed; 11589710.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05789.
//
ID   sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite: step 3/4.
AC   UER00471
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: (R)-3-sulfolactic acid + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] => 3-
DE   sulfopyruvate + H(+) + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00015; sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.272.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07136.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07137.
//
ID   sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite: step 4/4.
AC   UER00472
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-sulfopyruvate => 1 CO(2) + 1 sulfoacetaldehyde.
HP   ULS00015; sulfoacetaldehyde from phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfite.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.79.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05774.
//
ID   L-tryptophan from chorismate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00040
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamine + 1 NH(3) + 1 chorismate => 1 L-
DE   glutamate + 1 anthranilate + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00016; L-tryptophan from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00256.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00985.
//
ID   L-tryptophan from chorismate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00041
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   anthranilate => 1 N-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)anthranilic acid + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00016; L-tryptophan from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01073.
//
ID   L-tryptophan from chorismate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00042
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)anthranilic acid => 1
DE   1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
HP   ULS00016; L-tryptophan from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.24.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03509.
//
ID   L-tryptophan from chorismate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00043
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-
DE   phosphate => 1 CO(2) + 1 H(2)O + 1 indoleglycerol phosphate.
HP   ULS00016; L-tryptophan from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.48.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03508.
//
ID   L-tryptophan from chorismate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00044
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-serine + 1 indoleglycerol phosphate => 1 D-
DE   glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-tryptophan.
HP   ULS00016; L-tryptophan from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00674.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02340.
//
ID   3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00473
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-ribulose 5-phosphate => 1 D-arabinose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00017; 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.13.
DR   PubMed; 16199563.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01530.
//
ID   3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00474
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-arabinose 5-phosphate + 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   phosphoenolpyruvate => 1 8-phospho-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00017; 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.55.
DR   PubMed; 12754267.
DR   PubMed; 11219578.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03254.
//
ID   3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00475
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 8-phospho-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + 1 H(2)O
DE   => 1 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00017; 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.45.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03350.
//
ID   2-oxobutanoate from L-threonine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00054
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-threonine => 1 2-oxobutanoate + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00018; 2-oxobutanoate from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00996.
//
ID   2-oxobutanoate from pyruvate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00066
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 pyruvate => 1 (R)-
DE   citramalate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00019; 2-oxobutanoate from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.182.
DR   PubMed; 9864346.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07399.
//
ID   2-oxobutanoate from pyruvate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00067
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-citramalate => 1 D-erythro-3-methylmalic
DE   acid.
HP   ULS00019; 2-oxobutanoate from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.35.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03896.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03898.
//
ID   2-oxobutanoate from pyruvate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00069
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-erythro-3-methylmalic acid + 1 NAD(+) => 1 2-
DE   oxobutanoate + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00019; 2-oxobutanoate from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.n5.
DR   PubMed; 17449626.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00994.
//
ID   L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00055
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxyethyl-ThPP + 1 2-oxobutanoate => 1 (S)-
DE   2-acetyl-2-hydroxybutanoic acid + 1 thiamine diphosphate.
HP   ULS00020; L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04673.
//
ID   L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00056
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-2-acetyl-2-hydroxybutanoic acid + 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADPH => 1 (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00020; L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.86.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05068.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05069.
//
ID   L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00057
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid => 1
DE   (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00020; L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05070.
//
ID   L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00058
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + 1 L-glutamate => 1
DE   2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-isoleucine.
HP   ULS00020; L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.42.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02199.
//
ID   L-valine from pyruvate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00059
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 pyruvate => 1 (S)-2-acetolactate + 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   thiamine diphosphate.
HP   ULS00021; L-valine from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00014.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04672.
//
ID   L-valine from pyruvate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00060
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-2-acetolactate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 (R)-
DE   2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00021; L-valine from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.86.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04440.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05071.
//
ID   L-valine from pyruvate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00061
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate => 1 3-
DE   methyl-2-oxobutanoate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00021; L-valine from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04441.
//
ID   L-valine from pyruvate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00062
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + 1 L-glutamate => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 L-valine.
HP   ULS00021; L-valine from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.42.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01214.
//
ID   L-threonine from L-aspartate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00461
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-aspartate => 1 4-phospho-L-aspartate +
DE   1 ADP.
HP   ULS00022; L-threonine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00480.
//
ID   L-threonine from L-aspartate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00463
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-phospho-L-aspartate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 L-
DE   aspartate 4-semialdehyde + 1 NADP(+) + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00022; L-threonine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02291.
//
ID   L-threonine from L-aspartate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00063
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(+) + L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + [NADH or NADPH]
DE   => L-homoserine + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00022; L-threonine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01773.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01775.
//
ID   L-threonine from L-aspartate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00064
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-homoserine => 1 ADP + 1 O-phospho-L-
DE   homoserine.
HP   ULS00022; L-threonine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.39.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01771.
//
ID   L-threonine from L-aspartate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00065
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O-phospho-L-homoserine => 1 L-threonine
DE   + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00022; L-threonine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01466.
//
ID   L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00070
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + 1 H(2)O + 1 acetyl-CoA
DE   => 1 (2S)-2-isopropylmalate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00023; L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.3.13.
DR   PubMed; 15159544.
DR   PubMed; 17577419.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01213.
//
ID   L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00071
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2S)-2-isopropylmalate => 1 (2R,3S)-3-
DE   isopropylmalate.
HP   ULS00023; L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.33.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03968.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04001.
//
ID   L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00072
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 4-
DE   methyl-2-oxopentanoate + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00023; L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.85.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01652.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04426.
//
ID   L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00073
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + 1 L-glutamate => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 L-leucine.
HP   ULS00023; L-leucine from 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.42.
DR   PubMed; 1646790.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01090.
//
ID   L-homoserine from L-aspartate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00462
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-aspartate => 1 4-phospho-L-aspartate +
DE   1 ADP.
HP   ULS00025; L-homoserine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00480.
//
ID   L-homoserine from L-aspartate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00464
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-phospho-L-aspartate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 L-
DE   aspartate 4-semialdehyde + 1 NADP(+) + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00025; L-homoserine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02291.
//
ID   L-homoserine from L-aspartate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00465
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(+) + L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + [NADH or NADPH]
DE   => L-homoserine + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00025; L-homoserine from L-aspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01773.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01775.
//
ID   O-acetyl-L-homoserine from L-homoserine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00074
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-homoserine + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1 O-
DE   acetyl-L-homoserine.
HP   ULS00026; O-acetyl-L-homoserine from L-homoserine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01776.
//
ID   O-succinyl-L-homoserine from L-homoserine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00075
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-homoserine + 1 succinyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1 O-
DE   succinyl-L-homoserine.
HP   ULS00027; O-succinyl-L-homoserine from L-homoserine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.46.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01777.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00076
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine => 1 L-
DE   homocysteine + 1 adenosine.
HP   ULS00028; L-homocysteine from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.3.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00192.
//
ID   L-cystathionine from O-succinyl-L-homoserine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00077
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-cysteine + 1 O-succinyl-L-homoserine => 1 L-
DE   cystathionine + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00029; L-cystathionine from O-succinyl-L-homoserine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.48.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03260.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from L-cystathionine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00078
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-cystathionine => 1 L-homocysteine + 1
DE   NH(3) + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00030; L-homocysteine from L-cystathionine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.4.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01286.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from O-acetyl-L-homoserine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00079
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O-acetyl-L-homoserine + 1 hydrogen sulfide => 1
DE   L-homocysteine + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00031; L-homocysteine from O-acetyl-L-homoserine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.49.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01287.
//
ID   S-adenosyl-L-methionine from L-methionine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00080
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-methionine => 1 S-adenosyl-L-
DE   methionine + 1 diphosphate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00032; S-adenosyl-L-methionine from L-methionine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00177.
//
ID   L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetH route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00081
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-methyl-THF + 1 L-homocysteine => 1 5,6,7,8-
DE   tetrahydrofolate + 1 L-methionine.
HP   ULS00033; L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetH route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.13.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00946.
//
ID   L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetE route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00082
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate + 1 L-
DE   homocysteine => 1 L-methionine + 1 tetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00034; L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetE route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04405.
//
ID   L-methionine from L-homocysteine (BhmT route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00083
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-homocysteine + 1 betaine => 1 L-methionine + 1
DE   N,N-dimethylglycine.
HP   ULS00035; L-methionine from L-homocysteine (BhmT route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02821.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate: step 1/7.
AC   UER00084
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-erythrose 4-phosphate + 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   phosphoenolpyruvate => 1 7-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabino-
DE   heptonate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00036; chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.54.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01826.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate: step 2/7.
AC   UER00085
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptonate
DE   => 1 3-dehydroquinate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00036; chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03083.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate: step 3/7.
AC   UER00086
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-dehydroquinate => 1 3-dehydroshikimate + 1
DE   H(2)O.
HP   ULS00036; chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03084.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate: step 4/7.
AC   UER00087
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-dehydroshikimate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1
DE   NADP(+) + 1 shikimate.
HP   ULS00036; chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.25.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.282.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02413.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate: step 5/7.
AC   UER00088
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 shikimate => 1 3-phosphoshikimate + 1
DE   ADP.
HP   ULS00036; chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.71.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02412.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate: step 6/7.
AC   UER00089
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-phosphoshikimate + 1 phosphoenolpyruvate => 1
DE   5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00036; chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03460.
//
ID   chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate: step 7/7.
AC   UER00090
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate => 1
DE   chorismate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00036; chorismate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01714.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate: step 1/6.
AC   UER00092
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH
DE   => 1 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00037; isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.267.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05688.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate: step 2/6.
AC   UER00093
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + 1 CTP => 1
DE   4-CDP-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00037; isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.60.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05633.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate: step 3/6.
AC   UER00094
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-CDP-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol + 1 ATP => 1 4-CDP-
DE   2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2-phosphate + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00037; isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.148.
DR   PubMed; 10880567.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05634.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate: step 4/6.
AC   UER00095
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-CDP-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2-phosphate => 1 2-
DE   C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclic diphosphate + 1 CMP.
HP   ULS00037; isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.6.1.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05637.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate: step 5/6.
AC   UER00096
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclic diphosphate +
DE   2 reduced ferredoxin => 1 (2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutenyl diphosphate +
DE   1 H(2)O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin.
HP   ULS00037; isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.7.1.
DR   PubMed; 16268586.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08689.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate: step 6/6.
AC   UER00097
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutenyl diphosphate + 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) + 1 isopentenyl diphosphate.
HP   ULS00037; isopentenyl diphosphate from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.1.2.
DR   PubMed; 11818558.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05884.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from (R)-mevalonate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00098
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-mevalonate + 1 ATP => 1 (R)-5-
DE   phosphomevalonate + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00038; isopentenyl diphosphate from (R)-mevalonate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.36.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02245.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from (R)-mevalonate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00099
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-5-phosphomevalonate + 1 ATP => 1 (R)-5-
DE   diphosphomevalonate + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00038; isopentenyl diphosphate from (R)-mevalonate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03245.
//
ID   isopentenyl diphosphate from (R)-mevalonate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00100
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate + 1 ATP => 1 ADP + 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 isopentenyl diphosphate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00038; isopentenyl diphosphate from (R)-mevalonate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.33.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01121.
//
ID   (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA: step 1/3.
AC   UER00101
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 acetyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1 acetoacetyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00039; (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00238.
//
ID   (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA: step 2/3.
AC   UER00102
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acetoacetyl-CoA + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1
DE   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00039; (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.3.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01978.
//
ID   (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA: step 3/3.
AC   UER00103
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 H(+) + 2
DE   NADPH => 1 (R)-mevalonate + 1 CoA + 2 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00039; (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.34.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02082.
//
ID   1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00091
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 pyruvate => 1 1-
DE   deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00040; 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05636.
//
ID   dimethylallyl diphosphate from isopentenyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00104
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 isopentenyl diphosphate => 1 dimethylallyl
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00041; dimethylallyl diphosphate from isopentenyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.3.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01123.
//
ID   dimethylallyl diphosphate from (2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutenyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00105
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutenyl diphosphate + 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) + 1 dimethylallyl diphosphate.
HP   ULS00042; dimethylallyl diphosphate from (2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutenyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07219.
//
ID   N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00106
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1 N-acetyl-
DE   L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00043; N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00259.
//
ID   N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00107
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 N-acetyl-L-glutamate => 1 ADP + 1 N-
DE   acetyl-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate.
HP   ULS00043; N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02649.
//
ID   N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00108
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 N-acetyl-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + 1
DE   NADPH => 1 N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + 1 NADP(+) + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00043; N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.38.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03443.
//
ID   N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00109
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-
DE   semialdehyde => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine.
HP   ULS00043; N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02283.
//
ID   L-ornithine from N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine (linear): step 1/1.
AC   UER00110
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine => 1 L-
DE   ornithine + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00044; L-ornithine from N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine (linear).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00669.
//
ID   L-ornithine and N-acetyl-L-glutamate from L-glutamate and N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine (cyclic): step 1/1.
AC   UER00111
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine => 1 L-
DE   ornithine + 1 N-acetyl-L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00045; L-ornithine and N-acetyl-L-glutamate from L-glutamate and N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine (cyclic).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.35.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02282.
//
ID   L-arginine from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00112
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ornithine + 1 carbamoyl phosphate => 1 L-
DE   citrulline + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00046; L-arginine from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01398.
//
ID   L-arginine from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00113
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-aspartate + 1 L-citrulline => 1
DE   (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate + 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00046; L-arginine from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01954.
//
ID   L-arginine from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00114
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate => 1 L-arginine +
DE   1 fumarate.
HP   ULS00046; L-arginine from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01086.
//
ID   L-ectoine from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde: step 1/3.
AC   UER00121
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + 1 L-glutamate => 1
DE   2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-2,4-diaminobutanoate.
HP   ULS00048; L-ectoine from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.76.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06977.
//
ID   L-ectoine from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde: step 2/3.
AC   UER00122
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-2,4-diaminobutanoate + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1 CoA +
DE   1 N(4)-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid.
HP   ULS00048; L-ectoine from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.178.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06978.
//
ID   L-ectoine from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde: step 3/3.
AC   UER00123
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N(4)-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid => 1 H(2)O
DE   + 1 L-ectoine.
HP   ULS00048; L-ectoine from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.108.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06979.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (bacterial route): step 1/3.
AC   UER00565
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arabinose => 1 L-ribulose.
HP   ULS00049; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (bacterial route).
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01761.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (bacterial route): step 2/3.
AC   UER00566
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-ribulose => 1 ADP + 1 L-ribulose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00049; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (bacterial route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02439.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (bacterial route): step 3/3.
AC   UER00567
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ribulose 5-phosphate => 1 D-xylulose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00049; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (bacterial route).
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05850.
//
ID   N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00124
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1 H(2)O
DE   + 1 L-glutamine => 1 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + 1 L-glutamate + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00050; N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01072.
//
ID   N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00125
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + 1 ATP + 1 glycine
DE   => 1 ADP + 1 N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00050; N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.13.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04144.
//
ID   N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (10-formyl THF route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00126
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 N(1)-(5-
DE   phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide => 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 N(2)-
DE   formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.
HP   ULS00051; N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (10-formyl THF route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04325.
//
ID   N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (formate route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00127
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + 1
DE   formate => 1 ADP + 1 N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide
DE   + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00052; N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (formate route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.-.
DR   PubMed; 11953435.
DR   PubMed; 10913290.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06974.
//
ID   5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (10-formyl THF route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00133
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 5-amino-1-
DE   (5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide => 1 5,6,7,8-
DE   tetrahydrofolate + 1 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-
DE   carboxamide.
HP   ULS00054; 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (10-formyl THF route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04560.
//
ID   5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (formate route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00134
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-
DE   carboxamide + 1 ATP + 1 formate => 1 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-
DE   ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide + 1 ADP + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00055; 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (formate route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.-.
DR   PubMed; 15623504.
DR   PubMed; 18069798.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06975.
//
ID   IMP from 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide: step 1/1.
AC   UER00135
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-
DE   carboxamide => 1 H(2)O + 1 IMP.
HP   ULS00056; IMP from 5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01127.
//
ID   4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole: step 1/3.
AC   UER00136
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole => 1 4-
DE   amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine.
HP   ULS00057; 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03472.
//
ID   4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole: step 2/3.
AC   UER00137
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine + 1
DE   ATP => 1 4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00057; 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.49.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03471.
//
ID   4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole: step 3/3.
AC   UER00138
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine + 1
DE   ATP => 1 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00057; 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04509.
//
ID   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole from 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole: step 1/1.
AC   UER00139
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole + 1 ATP => 1
DE   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00058; 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole from 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.50.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04448.
//
ID   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00140
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate => 1 4-methyl-5-
DE   (2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole.
HP   ULS00059; 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
//
ID   thiamine phosphate from 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine and 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole: step 1/1.
AC   UER00141
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine + 1
DE   4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole => 1 diphosphate + 1 thiamine
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00060; thiamine phosphate from 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine and 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03223.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol: step 1/7.
AC   UER00143
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 myo-inositol => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   scyllo-inosose.
HP   ULS00061; acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01183.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol: step 2/7.
AC   UER00144
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 scyllo-inosose => 1 3D-3,5/4-
DE   trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00061; acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.44.
DR   PubMed; 14993306.
DR   PubMed; 17151471.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02782.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol: step 3/7.
AC   UER00145
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3D-3,5/4-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione + 1
DE   H(2)O => 1 5-deoxy-D-glucuronic acid.
HP   ULS00061; acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 18310071.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08603.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol: step 4/7.
AC   UER00920
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-deoxy-D-glucuronic acid => 1 2-deoxy-5-keto-D-
DE   gluconic acid.
HP   ULS00061; acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 18310071.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08503.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol: step 5/7.
AC   UER00146
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-deoxy-5-keto-D-gluconic acid + 1 ATP => 1 6-
DE   phospho-5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconic acid + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00061; acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.92.
DR   PubMed; 4328832.
DR   PubMed; 18310071.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05661.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol: step 6/7.
AC   UER00147
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-phospho-5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconic acid => 1
DE   3-oxopropanoate + 1 glycerone phosphate.
HP   ULS00061; acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.29.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05378.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol: step 7/7.
AC   UER00148
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 3-oxopropanoate + CoA + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] =>
DE   CO(2) + H(+) + acetyl-CoA + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00061; acetyl-CoA from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.18.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.27.
DR   PubMed; 16332250.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00705.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00706.
//
ID   4-aminobenzoate from chorismate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00149
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamine + 1 NH(3) + 1 chorismate => 1 4-
DE   amino-4-deoxychorismate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00062; 4-aminobenzoate from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.85.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00256.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05552.
//
ID   4-aminobenzoate from chorismate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00150
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate => 1 4-aminobenzoate +
DE   1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00062; 4-aminobenzoate from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.38.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05553.
//
ID   2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00152
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00063; 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.6.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 17698004.
DR   PubMed; 15611104.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04638.
//
ID   2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00153
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   7,8-dihydroneopterin + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00063; 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.6.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04621.
//
ID   2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00154
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7,8-dihydroneopterin => 1 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-
DE   hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine + 1 glycolaldehyde.
HP   ULS00063; 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03504.
//
ID   2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00155
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-
DE   dihydropteridine + 1 ATP => 1 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-
DE   dihydropteridine diphosphate + 1 AMP.
HP   ULS00063; 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.6.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03503.
//
ID   7,8-dihydrofolate from 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate and 4-aminobenzoate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00156
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-
DE   dihydropteridine diphosphate + 1 4-aminobenzoate => 1 7,8-
DE   dihydropteroate + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00064; 7,8-dihydrofolate from 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate and 4-aminobenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03067.
//
ID   7,8-dihydrofolate from 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate and 4-aminobenzoate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00157
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7,8-dihydropteroate + 1 ATP + 1 L-glutamate => 1
DE   7,8-dihydrofolate + 1 ADP + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00064; 7,8-dihydrofolate from 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine diphosphate and 4-aminobenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02237.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 1/8.
AC   UER00163
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 chorismate => 1 isochorismate.
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.4.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01717.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 2/8.
AC   UER00164
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 isochorismate => 1 2-succinyl-
DE   5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.9.
DR   PubMed; 17760421.
DR   PubMed; 18284213.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08165.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 3/8.
AC   UER00900
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-
DE   1-carboxylic acid => 1 (1R,6R)-2-succinyl-6-hydroxycyclohexa-2,4-
DE   diene-1-carboxylic acid + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.99.-.
DR   PubMed; 18284213.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08166.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 4/8.
AC   UER00165
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (1R,6R)-2-succinyl-6-hydroxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-
DE   1-carboxylic acid => 1 2-succinylbenzoate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.113.
DR   PubMed; 10194342.
DR   PubMed; 8335646.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04031.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 5/8.
AC   UER00166
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-succinylbenzoate + 1 ATP + 1 CoA => 1 2-
DE   succinylbenzoyl-CoA + 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.2.1.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04030.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 6/8.
AC   UER00167
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-succinylbenzoyl-CoA => 1 1,4-dihydroxy-2-
DE   naphthoate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.36.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04150.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 7/8.
AC   UER00168
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate + 1 all-trans-
DE   octaprenyl diphosphate => 1 2-demethylmenaquinone + 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.74.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05617.
//
ID   menaquinone-2 from chorismate: step 8/8.
AC   UER00169
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-demethylmenaquinone + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
DE   => 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 menaquinone-2.
HP   ULS00066; menaquinone-2 from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.163.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04993.
//
ID   formate from 10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00170
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00067; formate from 10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00944.
//
ID   carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00171
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-glutamine + 1 bicarbonate =>
DE   2 ADP + 1 L-glutamate + 1 carbamoyl phosphate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00068; carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00575.
//
ID   D-glucuronate from myo-inositol: step 1/1.
AC   UER00527
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 myo-inositol => 1 D-glucuronate + 1
DE   H(2)O.
HP   ULS00069; D-glucuronate from myo-inositol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.99.1.
DR   PubMed; 17012379.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01184.
//
ID   5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route I): step 1/1.
AC   UER00172
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-ribose 5-phosphate => 1 5-phospho-
DE   alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1 AMP.
HP   ULS00070; 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route I).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.6.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01049.
//
ID   5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route II): step 1/3.
AC   UER00173
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-ribose 5-phosphate => 1 alpha-D-ribose 1-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00071; 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route II).
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.2.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01057.
//
ID   5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route II): step 2/3.
AC   UER00174
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate => 1 D-ribose 1,5-
DE   bisphosphate.
HP   ULS00071; 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route II).
DR   KEGG; rn:R06837.
//
ID   5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route II): step 3/3.
AC   UER00175
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate => 1 5-phospho-
DE   alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00071; 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate (route II).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.23.
DR   PubMed; 12700258.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06836.
//
ID   3-dehydroquinate from D-quinate (NAD(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00176
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-quinate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 3-dehydroquinate + 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00072; 3-dehydroquinate from D-quinate (NAD(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.24.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01872.
//
ID   3-dehydroquinate from D-quinate (PQQ route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00177
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-quinate + 1 pyrroloquinoline quinone => 1 3-
DE   dehydroquinate + 1 pyrroloquinoline quinol.
HP   ULS00073; 3-dehydroquinate from D-quinate (PQQ route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.5.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01873.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from 3-dehydroquinate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00178
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-dehydroquinate => 1 3-dehydroshikimate + 1
DE   H(2)O.
HP   ULS00074; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from 3-dehydroquinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03084.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from 3-dehydroquinate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00179
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-dehydroshikimate => 1 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + 1
DE   H(2)O.
HP   ULS00074; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from 3-dehydroquinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.118.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01627.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose: step 1/4.
AC   UER00180
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-glucose => 1 ADP + 1 D-glucose 6-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00075; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00299.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose: step 2/4.
AC   UER00181
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucose 6-phosphate => 1 D-fructose 6-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00075; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00771.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose: step 3/4.
AC   UER00182
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-fructose 6-phosphate => 1 ADP + 1 D-
DE   fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
HP   ULS00075; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00756.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose: step 4/4.
AC   UER00183
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate => 1 D-glyceraldehyde
DE   3-phosphate + 1 glycerone phosphate.
HP   ULS00075; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.13.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01068.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from glycerone phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00189
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 glycerone phosphate => 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00076; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from glycerone phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01015.
//
ID   pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00184
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 NAD(+) + 1
DE   phosphate => 1 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00077; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01061.
//
ID   pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00185
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + 1 ADP => 1 3-
DE   phospho-D-glycerate + 1 ATP.
HP   ULS00077; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01512.
//
ID   pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00186
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-phospho-D-glycerate => 1 2-phospho-D-glycerate.
HP   ULS00077; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01518.
//
ID   pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00187
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-phospho-D-glycerate => 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   phosphoenolpyruvate.
HP   ULS00077; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00658.
//
ID   pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00188
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ADP + 1 phosphoenolpyruvate => 1 ATP + 1
DE   pyruvate.
HP   ULS00077; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.40.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00200.
//
ID   GDP-L-fucose from GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 1/2.
AC   UER00190
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GDP-alpha-D-mannose => 1 GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-
DE   mannose + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00078; GDP-L-fucose from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.47.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00888.
//
ID   GDP-L-fucose from GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 2/2.
AC   UER00191
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose + 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADPH => 1 GDP-L-fucose + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00078; GDP-L-fucose from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.271.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05692.
//
ID   2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose (MPG route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00192
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-phospho-D-glycerate + 1 GDP-alpha-D-mannose =>
DE   1 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-3-phosphoglyceric acid + 1 GDP.
HP   ULS00079; 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose (MPG route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.1.217.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05768.
//
ID   2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose (MPG route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00193
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-3-phosphoglyceric acid + 1
DE   H(2)O => 1 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00079; 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose (MPG route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.70.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05790.
//
ID   L-asparagine from L-aspartate (ammonia route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00194
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-aspartate + 1 NH(3) => 1 AMP + 1 L-
DE   asparagine + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00080; L-asparagine from L-aspartate (ammonia route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00483.
//
ID   L-asparagine from L-aspartate (L-Gln route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00195
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-aspartate + 1 L-glutamine =>
DE   1 AMP + 1 L-asparagine + 1 L-glutamate + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00081; L-asparagine from L-aspartate (L-Gln route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00578.
//
ID   L-serine from 3-phospho-D-glycerate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00196
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-phospho-D-glycerate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 3-
DE   phosphohydroxypyruvate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00082; L-serine from 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.95.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01513.
//
ID   L-serine from 3-phospho-D-glycerate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00197
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate + 1 L-glutamate => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 O-phospho-L-serine.
HP   ULS00082; L-serine from 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.52.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04173.
//
ID   L-serine from 3-phospho-D-glycerate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00198
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O-phospho-L-serine => 1 L-serine + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00082; L-serine from 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00582.
//
ID   L-cysteine from L-serine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00199
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-serine + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1 O-acetyl-L-
DE   serine.
HP   ULS00083; L-cysteine from L-serine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.30.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00586.
//
ID   L-cysteine from L-serine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00200
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O-acetyl-L-serine + 1 hydrogen sulfide => 1 L-
DE   cysteine + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00083; L-cysteine from L-serine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.47.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00897.
//
ID   L-cysteine from L-homocysteine and L-serine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00201
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-homocysteine + 1 L-serine => 1 H(2)O + 1 L-
DE   cystathionine.
HP   ULS00084; L-cysteine from L-homocysteine and L-serine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.22.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01290.
//
ID   L-cysteine from L-homocysteine and L-serine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00202
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-cystathionine => 1 2-oxobutanoate + 1
DE   L-cysteine + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00084; L-cysteine from L-homocysteine and L-serine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.4.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01001.
//
ID   prephenate from chorismate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00203
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 chorismate => 1 prephenate.
HP   ULS00085; prephenate from chorismate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.99.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01715.
//
ID   sulfite from sulfate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00204
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 sulfate => 1 5'-adenylyl sulfate + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00086; sulfite from sulfate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00529.
//
ID   sulfite from sulfate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00205
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5'-adenylyl sulfate + 1 ATP => 1 3'-phospho-5'-
DE   adenylyl sulfate + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00086; sulfite from sulfate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00509.
//
ID   sulfite from sulfate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00206
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + 1 thioredoxin =>
DE   1 adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 1 sulfite + 1 thioredoxin disulfide.
HP   ULS00086; sulfite from sulfate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.8.4.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02021.
//
ID   hydrogen sulfide from sulfite (NADPH route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00207
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 3 H(+) + 3 NADPH + 1 sulfite => 3 H(2)O + 3 NADP(+)
DE   + 1 hydrogen sulfide.
HP   ULS00087; hydrogen sulfide from sulfite (NADPH route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.8.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00858.
//
ID   hydrogen sulfide from sulfite (ferredoxin route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00208
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 6 H(+) + 6 reduced ferredoxin + 1 sulfite => 3
DE   H(2)O + 1 hydrogen sulfide + 6 oxidized ferredoxin.
HP   ULS00088; hydrogen sulfide from sulfite (ferredoxin route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.8.7.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00859.
//
ID   glutathione from L-cysteine and L-glutamate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00209
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-cysteine + 1 L-glutamate => 1 ADP + 1
DE   L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteine + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00089; glutathione from L-cysteine and L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00894.
//
ID   glutathione from L-cysteine and L-glutamate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00210
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteine + 1 glycine
DE   => 1 ADP + 1 glutathione + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00089; glutathione from L-cysteine and L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00497.
//
ID   precorrin-2 from uroporphyrinogen III: step 1/1.
AC   UER00211
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 uroporphyrinogen III
DE   => 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 precorrin-2.
HP   ULS00090; precorrin-2 from uroporphyrinogen III.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.107.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03194.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 1/10.
AC   UER00212
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 precorrin-2 => 1 H(+)
DE   + 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 precorrin-3A.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.130.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03948.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 10/10.
AC   UER00221
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 Co(2+) + 1 H(2)O + 1 hydrogenobyrinic
DE   acid a,c-diamide => 1 ADP + 1 H(+) + 1 cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.6.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05227.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 2/10.
AC   UER00213
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 precorrin-3A => 1
DE   H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 precorrin-3B.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.83.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05217.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 3/10.
AC   UER00214
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 precorrin-3B => 1 S-
DE   adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 precorrin-4.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.131.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05180.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 4/10.
AC   UER00215
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 precorrin-4 => 1 S-
DE   adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 precorrin-5.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.133.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05181.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 5/10.
AC   UER00216
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 precorrin-5
DE   => 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 acetate + 1 precorrin-6A.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.152.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05219.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 6/10.
AC   UER00217
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 precorrin-6A => 1 NADP(+) + 1
DE   precorrin-6B.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.54.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05150.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 7/10.
AC   UER00218
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 precorrin-6B => 1
DE   CO(2) + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 precorrin-8X.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.132.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05149.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 8/10.
AC   UER00219
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 precorrin-8X => 1 hydrogenobyrinic acid.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05177.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route): step 9/10.
AC   UER00220
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 ATP + 2 H(2)O + 2 L-glutamine + 1
DE   hydrogenobyrinic acid => 2 ADP + 2 L-glutamate + 1 hydrogenobyrinic
DE   acid a,c-diamide + 2 phosphate.
HP   ULS00091; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from precorrin-2 (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05224.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 1/10.
AC   UER00223
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 Co(2+) + 1 sirohydrochlorin => 2 H(+) + 1 cobalt-
DE   precorrin-2.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 4.99.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05807.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 10/10.
AC   UER00231
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 ATP + 2 H(2)O + 2 L-glutamine + 1 cob(III)yrinic
DE   acid => 2 ADP + 2 L-glutamate + 1 cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide + 2
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05815.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 2/10.
AC   UER00224
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 cobalt-precorrin-2 =>
DE   1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 cobalt-precorrin 3.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.151.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05808.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08716.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 3/10.
AC   UER00225
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 cobalt-precorrin 3 =>
DE   1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 cobalt-precorrin 4.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05809.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 4/10.
AC   UER00226
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 cobalt-precorrin 4 =>
DE   1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 cobalt-precorrin 5A.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05810.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 5/10.
AC   UER00561
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 cobalt-precorrin 5A => 1 acetaldehyde +
DE   1 cobalt-precorrin 5B.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   PubMed; 16866557.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07772.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 6/10.
AC   UER00227
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 cobalt-precorrin 5B
DE   => 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 cobalt-precorrin-6A.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07773.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 7/10.
AC   UER00228
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 cobalt-precorrin-6A => 1
DE   NADP(+) + 1 cobalt-precorrin-6B.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05812.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 8/10.
AC   UER00229
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 cobalt-precorrin-6B
DE   => 1 CO(2) + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 cobalt-precorrin 8.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05813.
//
ID   cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route): step 9/10.
AC   UER00230
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 cobalt-precorrin 8 => 1 cob(III)yrinic acid.
HP   ULS00092; cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide from sirohydrochlorin (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05814.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide: step 1/7.
AC   UER00232
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 FMNH(2) + 2 cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide => 1 FMN +
DE   2 H(+) + 2 cob(I)yrinic acid a,c-diamide.
HP   ULS00093; adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
DR   ENZYME; 1.16.8.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05218.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide: step 2/7.
AC   UER00233
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 cob(I)yrinic acid a,c-diamide => 1
DE   adenosylcob(III)yrinic acid a,c-diamide + 1 triphosphate.
HP   ULS00093; adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.17.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05220.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide: step 3/7.
AC   UER00234
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 4 ATP + 4 H(2)O + 4 L-glutamine + 1
DE   adenosylcob(III)yrinic acid a,c-diamide => 4 ADP + 4 L-glutamate + 1
DE   adenosylcobyrinic acid a,c-diamide + 4 phosphate.
HP   ULS00093; adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05225.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide: step 4/7.
AC   UER00235
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + 1 adenosylcobyrinic acid
DE   a,c-diamide => 1 H(2)O + 1 adenosylcobinamide.
HP   ULS00093; adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05226.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide: step 5/7.
AC   UER00236
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: adenosylcobinamide + [ATP or GTP] =>
DE   adenosylcobinamide phosphate + [ADP or GDP].
HP   ULS00093; adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.156.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05221.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06558.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide: step 6/7.
AC   UER00237
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GTP + 1 adenosylcobinamide phosphate => 1
DE   adenosylcobinamide-GDP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00093; adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.62.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05222.
//
ID   adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide: step 7/7.
AC   UER00238
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 adenosylcobinamide-GDP + 1 alpha-ribazole => 1
DE   GMP + 1 adenosylcobalamin.
HP   ULS00093; adenosylcobalamin from cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.8.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05223.
//
ID   penicillin G from L-alpha-aminoadipate and L-cysteine and L-valine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00239
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 3 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-alpha-aminoadipate + 1 L-
DE   cysteine + 1 L-valine => 3 AMP + 1 N-[L-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-
DE   cysteinyl-D-valine + 3 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00094; penicillin G from L-alpha-aminoadipate and L-cysteine and L-valine.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04870.
//
ID   penicillin G from L-alpha-aminoadipate and L-cysteine and L-valine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00240
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-[L-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-
DE   valine + 1 O(2) => 2 H(2)O + 1 isopenicillin N.
HP   ULS00094; penicillin G from L-alpha-aminoadipate and L-cysteine and L-valine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.21.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04872.
//
ID   penicillin G from L-alpha-aminoadipate and L-cysteine and L-valine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00241
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 isopenicillin N + 1 phenylacetyl-CoA =>
DE   1 CoA + 1 L-alpha-aminoadipate + 1 penicillin G.
HP   ULS00094; penicillin G from L-alpha-aminoadipate and L-cysteine and L-valine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.164.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04868.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 1/8.
AC   UER00242
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 L-arginine => 1
DE   N(2)-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.66.
DR   PubMed; 14623876.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05465.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 2/8.
AC   UER00243
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 N(2)-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine => 1 AMP
DE   + 1 deoxyamidinoproclavaminic acid + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05467.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 3/8.
AC   UER00244
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 O(2) + 1
DE   deoxyamidinoproclavaminic acid => 1 CO(2) + 1 amidinoproclavaminic
DE   acid + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.11.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05466.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 4/8.
AC   UER00245
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 amidinoproclavaminic acid => 1
DE   proclavaminic acid + 1 urea.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.22.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05357.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 5/8.
AC   UER00246
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 O(2) + 1 proclavaminic acid =>
DE   1 CO(2) + 1 H(2)O + 1 dihydroclavaminic acid + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.11.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05468.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 6/8.
AC   UER00247
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 O(2) + 1 dihydroclavaminic
DE   acid => 1 CO(2) + 1 H(2)O + 1 clavaminate + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.11.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05469.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 7/8.
AC   UER00248
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 clavaminate => 1 clavulanate-9-aldehyde.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05470.
//
ID   clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine: step 8/8.
AC   UER00249
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 clavulanate-9-aldehyde => 1
DE   NADP(+) + 1 clavulanate.
HP   ULS00095; clavulanate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and L-arginine.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05471.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl: step 1/4.
AC   UER00250
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 biphenyl => 1 NAD(+) +
DE   1 cis-3-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol.
HP   ULS00096; 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05263.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl: step 2/4.
AC   UER00251
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 cis-3-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-
DE   diol => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 biphenyl-2,3-diol.
HP   ULS00096; 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.56.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05239.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl: step 3/4.
AC   UER00252
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 biphenyl-2,3-diol => 1 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-
DE   6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate.
HP   ULS00096; 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.39.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03462.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl: step 4/4.
AC   UER00253
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate + 1
DE   H(2)O => 1 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate + 1 benzoate.
HP   ULS00096; 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and benzoate from biphenyl.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02606.
//
ID   catechol from benzoate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00254
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 benzoate => 1 (1R,6S)-
DE   1,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-dienecarboxylic acid + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00097; catechol from benzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05621.
//
ID   catechol from benzoate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00255
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (1R,6S)-1,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-
DE   dienecarboxylic acid + 1 NAD(+) => 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   catechol.
HP   ULS00097; catechol from benzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00813.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from benzoate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00256
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 benzoate => 1 4-
DE   hydroxybenzoate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00098; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from benzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01295.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from benzoate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00257
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-hydroxybenzoate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) =>
DE   1 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00098; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from benzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01298.
//
ID   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from catechol: step 1/3.
AC   UER00258
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 catechol => 1 cis,cis-muconate.
HP   ULS00099; 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from catechol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00817.
//
ID   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from catechol: step 2/3.
AC   UER00259
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 cis,cis-muconate => 1 (S)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-2-
DE   furylacetic acid.
HP   ULS00099; 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from catechol.
DR   ENZYME; 5.5.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06989.
//
ID   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from catechol: step 3/3.
AC   UER00260
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-2-furylacetic acid => 1 5-
DE   oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate.
HP   ULS00099; 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from catechol.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06990.
//
ID   3-oxoadipate from 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00261
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   3-oxoadipate.
HP   ULS00100; 3-oxoadipate from 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.1.24.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02991.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA from 3-oxoadipate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00262
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-oxoadipate + 1 succinyl-CoA => 1 3-oxoadipyl-
DE   CoA + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00101; acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA from 3-oxoadipate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.3.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02990.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA from 3-oxoadipate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00263
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-oxoadipyl-CoA + 1 CoA => 1 acetyl-CoA + 1
DE   succinyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00101; acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA from 3-oxoadipate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.174.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00829.
//
ID   3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00264
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + 1 O(2) => 1 3-carboxy-
DE   cis,cis-muconate.
HP   ULS00102; 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01631.
//
ID   3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00267
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H(+) + O(2) + [NADH or
DE   NADPH] => CO(2) + H(2)O + benzene-1,2,4-triol + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00103; 3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01629.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01630.
//
ID   3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00268
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 benzene-1,2,4-triol => 1 3-hydroxy-
DE   cis,cis-muconate.
HP   ULS00103; 3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.37.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04061.
//
ID   3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00269
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconate => 1 maleylacetate.
HP   ULS00103; 3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03892.
//
ID   3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00278
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(+) + maleylacetate + [NADH or NADPH] => 3-
DE   oxoadipate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00103; 3-oxoadipate from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.32.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02988.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02989.
//
ID   betaine from glycine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00381
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 glycine => 1 S-
DE   adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 sarcosine.
HP   ULS00104; betaine from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.156.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00367.
//
ID   betaine from glycine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00382
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 sarcosine => 1 N,N-
DE   dimethylglycine + 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
HP   ULS00104; betaine from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.156.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.157.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07243.
//
ID   betaine from glycine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00383
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N,N-dimethylglycine + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
DE   => 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 betaine.
HP   ULS00104; betaine from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.157.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07244.
//
ID   UDP from UMP (UMK/CMK route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00274
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 UMP => 1 ADP + 1 UDP.
HP   ULS00105; UDP from UMP (UMK/CMK route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00158.
//
ID   UDP from UMP (UMPK route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00275
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 UMP => 1 ADP + 1 UDP.
HP   ULS00106; UDP from UMP (UMPK route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.22.
DR   PubMed; 16095620.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00158.
//
ID   CTP from UDP: step 1/2.
AC   UER00276
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 UDP => 1 ADP + 1 UTP.
HP   ULS00107; CTP from UDP.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00156.
//
ID   CTP from UDP: step 2/2.
AC   UER00277
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 NH(3) + 1 UTP => 1 ADP + 1 CTP + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00107; CTP from UDP.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00571.
//
ID   CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and CTP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00476
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + 1 CTP => 1 CMP-3-
DE   deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00108; CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate from 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and CTP.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.38.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03351.
//
ID   L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine: step 1/5.
AC   UER00279
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arginine + 1 succinyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1 N(2)-
DE   succinyl-L-arginine.
HP   ULS00109; L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.109.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00832.
//
ID   L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine: step 2/5.
AC   UER00280
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 H(2)O + 1 N(2)-succinyl-L-arginine => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   N(2)-succinyl-L-ornithine + 2 NH(3).
HP   ULS00109; L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.23.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04189.
//
ID   L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine: step 3/5.
AC   UER00281
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 N(2)-succinyl-L-ornithine => 1
DE   L-glutamate + 1 N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde.
HP   ULS00109; L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.81.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04217.
//
ID   L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine: step 4/5.
AC   UER00282
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde +
DE   1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 N(2)-succinyl-L-glutamic acid + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00109; L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.71.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05049.
//
ID   L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine: step 5/5.
AC   UER00283
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N(2)-succinyl-L-glutamic acid => 1 L-
DE   glutamate + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00109; L-glutamate and succinate from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.96.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00411.
//
ID   agmatine from L-arginine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00284
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arginine => 1 CO(2) + 1 agmatine.
HP   ULS00110; agmatine from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00566.
//
ID   N-carbamoylputrescine from agmatine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00285
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 agmatine => 1 N-carbamoylputrescine + 1
DE   NH(3).
HP   ULS00111; N-carbamoylputrescine from agmatine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01416.
//
ID   putrescine from agmatine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00287
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 agmatine => 1 putrescine + 1 urea.
HP   ULS00112; putrescine from agmatine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01157.
//
ID   putrescine from L-ornithine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00288
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ornithine => 1 CO(2) + 1 putrescine.
HP   ULS00113; putrescine from L-ornithine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.17.
DR   PubMed; 12686127.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00670.
//
ID   4-aminobutanal from putrescine (amine oxidase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00289
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) + 1 putrescine => 1 4-aminobutanal
DE   + 1 H(2)O(2) + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00114; 4-aminobutanal from putrescine (amine oxidase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.3.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01151.
//
ID   4-aminobutanal from putrescine (transaminase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00290
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 putrescine => 1 4-aminobutanal
DE   + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00115; 4-aminobutanal from putrescine (transaminase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.82.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01155.
//
ID   XMP from IMP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00295
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 IMP + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   XMP.
HP   ULS00117; XMP from IMP.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.205.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01130.
//
ID   GMP from XMP (L-Gln route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00296
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-glutamine + 1 XMP => 1 AMP +
DE   1 GMP + 1 L-glutamate + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00118; GMP from XMP (L-Gln route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01231.
//
ID   GMP from XMP (ammonia route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00297
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 NH(3) + 1 XMP => 1 AMP + 1 GMP + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00119; GMP from XMP (ammonia route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01230.
//
ID   pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxal: step 1/1.
AC   UER00298
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 pyridoxal => 1 ADP + 1 pyridoxal 5'-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00120; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxal.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.35.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00174.
//
ID   pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate from pyridoxamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00299
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 pyridoxamine => 1 ADP + 1 pyridoxamine
DE   5'-phosphate.
HP   ULS00121; pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate from pyridoxamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.35.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02493.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from pyridoxine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00300
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 pyridoxine => 1 ADP + 1 pyridoxine 5'-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00122; pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from pyridoxine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.35.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01909.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxal 5'-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00301
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate => 1 phosphate +
DE   1 pyridoxal.
HP   ULS00123; pyridoxal from pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.74.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00173.
//
ID   pyridoxamine from pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00302
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate => 1
DE   phosphate + 1 pyridoxamine.
HP   ULS00124; pyridoxamine from pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.74.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02494.
//
ID   pyridoxine from pyridoxine 5'-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00303
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 pyridoxine 5'-phosphate => 1 phosphate
DE   + 1 pyridoxine.
HP   ULS00125; pyridoxine from pyridoxine 5'-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.74.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01911.
//
ID   pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00304
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) + 1 pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate => 1
DE   H(2)O(2) + 1 NH(3) + 1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.
HP   ULS00126; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.3.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00277.
//
ID   pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxine 5'-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00305
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 pyridoxine 5'-phosphate => 1 H(2)O(2) +
DE   1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.
HP   ULS00127; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from pyridoxine 5'-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.3.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00278.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00306
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 pyridoxamine + 1 pyruvate => 1 L-alanine + 1
DE   pyridoxal.
HP   ULS00128; pyridoxal from pyridoxamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.30.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01712.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxine (dehydrogenase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00307
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NADP(+) + 1 pyridoxine => 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1
DE   pyridoxal.
HP   ULS00129; pyridoxal from pyridoxine (dehydrogenase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.65.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01708.
//
ID   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00265
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate => 1 2-carboxy-2,5-
DE   dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate.
HP   ULS00130; 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.5.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03307.
//
ID   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00266
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate => 1
DE   5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00130; 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2-furylacetate from 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.44.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03470.
//
ID   3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate from 3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00308
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate => 1
DE   3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
HP   ULS00131; 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate from 3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.5.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03308.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00309
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-erythrose 4-phosphate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) => 1
DE   4-phospho-D-erythronate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00132; pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.72.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01825.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00310
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-phospho-D-erythronate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 (R)-3-
DE   hydroxy-2-oxo-4-phosphonooxybutanoic acid + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00132; pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.290.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04210.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00311
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4-phosphonooxybutanoic acid +
DE   1 L-glutamate => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 4-(phosphonooxy)-L-threonine.
HP   ULS00132; pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.52.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05085.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00312
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-(phosphonooxy)-L-threonine + 1 NAD(+) => 1 3-
DE   amino-2-oxopropyl phosphate + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00132; pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.262.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05681.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07406.
//
ID   pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00313
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + 1 3-amino-2-
DE   oxopropyl phosphate => 2 H(2)O + 1 phosphate + 1 pyridoxine 5'-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00132; pyridoxine 5'-phosphate from D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.99.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05838.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate from 4-aminobutanal: step 1/1.
AC   UER00292
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-aminobutanal + 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) => 1 4-
DE   aminobutanoate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00133; 4-aminobutanoate from 4-aminobutanal.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02549.
//
ID   succinate semialdehyde from 4-aminobutanoate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00293
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 4-aminobutanoate => 1 L-
DE   glutamate + 1 succinate semialdehyde.
HP   ULS00134; succinate semialdehyde from 4-aminobutanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01648.
//
ID   1,3-diaminopropane and 4-aminobutanal from spermidine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00291
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor + 1 spermidine => 1 1,3-
DE   diaminopropane + 1 4-aminobutanal + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00135; 1,3-diaminopropane and 4-aminobutanal from spermidine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01915.
//
ID   spermidine from putrescine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00314
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosylmethioninamine + 1 putrescine => 1 S-
DE   methyl-5'-thioadenosine + 1 spermidine.
HP   ULS00136; spermidine from putrescine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.16.
DR   PubMed; 16931179.
DR   PubMed; 16428313.
DR   PubMed; 17221359.
DR   PubMed; 17585781.
DR   PubMed; 17357156.
DR   PubMed; 17196392.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01920.
//
ID   spermine from spermidine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00315
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosylmethioninamine + 1 spermidine => 1 S-
DE   methyl-5'-thioadenosine + 1 spermine.
HP   ULS00137; spermine from spermidine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.22.
DR   PubMed; 16428313.
DR   PubMed; 16182474.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02869.
//
ID   5-aminolevulinate from L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu): step 1/2.
AC   UER00316
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + 1 NADPH => 1 (S)-
DE   4-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid + 1 NADP(+) + 1 tRNA(Glu).
HP   ULS00138; 5-aminolevulinate from L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu).
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.70.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04109.
//
ID   5-aminolevulinate from L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu): step 2/2.
AC   UER00317
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid => 1 5-
DE   aminolevulinate.
HP   ULS00138; 5-aminolevulinate from L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu).
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.3.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02272.
//
ID   protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III (O2 route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00322
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 coproporphyrinogen-III => 2 CO(2) + 2
DE   H(2)O + 1 protoporphyrinogen-IX.
HP   ULS00139; protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III (O2 route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03220.
//
ID   protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III (AdoMet route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00323
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 coproporphyrinogen-
DE   III => 2 5'-deoxyadenosine + 2 CO(2) + 2 L-methionine + 1
DE   protoporphyrinogen-IX.
HP   ULS00140; protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III (AdoMet route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.99.22.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06895.
//
ID   protoporphyrin-IX from protoporphyrinogen-IX: step 1/1.
AC   UER00324
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 3 O(2) + 1 protoporphyrinogen-IX => 3 H(2)O(2) + 1
DE   protoporphyrin-IX.
HP   ULS00141; protoporphyrin-IX from protoporphyrinogen-IX.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03222.
//
ID   iminoaspartate from L-aspartate (oxidase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00326
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-aspartate + 1 O(2) => 1 H(2)O(2) + 1
DE   iminoaspartate.
HP   ULS00142; iminoaspartate from L-aspartate (oxidase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.3.16.
DR   PubMed; 17586625.
DR   PubMed; 17600080.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00481.
//
ID   quinolinate from L-kynurenine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00328
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 L-kynurenine + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) => 1 3-
DE   hydroxy-L-kynurenine + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00143; quinolinate from L-kynurenine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01960.
//
ID   quinolinate from L-kynurenine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00329
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + 1 H(2)O => 1 3-
DE   hydroxyanthranilate + 1 L-alanine.
HP   ULS00143; quinolinate from L-kynurenine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.3.
DR   PubMed; 17300176.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02668.
//
ID   quinolinate from L-kynurenine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00330
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-hydroxyanthranilate + 1 O(2) => 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   quinolinate.
HP   ULS00143; quinolinate from L-kynurenine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.6.
DR   PubMed; 16522801.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02665.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04293.
//
ID   nicotinate D-ribonucleotide from quinolinate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00331
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   quinolinate => 1 CO(2) + 1 diphosphate + 1 nicotinate D-
DE   ribonucleotide.
HP   ULS00144; nicotinate D-ribonucleotide from quinolinate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.19.
DR   PubMed; 17868694.
DR   PubMed; 16419067.
DR   PubMed; 11876660.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03348.
//
ID   NAD(+) from deamido-NAD(+) (ammonia route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00333
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 NH(3) + 1 deamido-NAD(+) => 1 AMP + 1
DE   NAD(+) + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00145; NAD(+) from deamido-NAD(+) (ammonia route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00189.
//
ID   NAD(+) from deamido-NAD(+) (L-Gln route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00334
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-glutamine + 1 deamido-NAD(+)
DE   => 1 AMP + 1 L-glutamate + 1 NAD(+) + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00146; NAD(+) from deamido-NAD(+) (L-Gln route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00257.
//
ID   AMP from IMP: step 1/2.
AC   UER00335
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GTP + 1 IMP + 1 L-aspartate => 1 GDP + 1 N(6)-
DE   (1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00147; AMP from IMP.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01135.
//
ID   AMP from IMP: step 2/2.
AC   UER00336
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP => 1 AMP + 1
DE   fumarate.
HP   ULS00147; AMP from IMP.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.2.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01083.
//
ID   acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine: step 1/6.
AC   UER00337
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-phenylalanine + 1 O(2) + 1 tetrahydrobiopterin
DE   => 1 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + 1 L-tyrosine.
HP   ULS00148; acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.16.1.
DR   PubMed; 12096915.
DR   PubMed; 12126628.
DR   PubMed; 17537732.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07211.
//
ID   acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine: step 2/6.
AC   UER00338
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-tyrosine => 1 (4-
DE   hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00148; acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00734.
//
ID   acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine: step 3/6.
AC   UER00362
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + 1 O(2) => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   homogentisate.
HP   ULS00148; acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02521.
//
ID   acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine: step 4/6.
AC   UER00339
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 homogentisate => 1 4-maleylacetoacetate.
HP   ULS00148; acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02519.
//
ID   acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine: step 5/6.
AC   UER00340
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-maleylacetoacetate => 1 4-fumarylacetoacetate.
HP   ULS00148; acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 5.2.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03181.
//
ID   acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine: step 6/6.
AC   UER00341
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-fumarylacetoacetate + 1 H(2)O => 1 acetoacetate
DE   + 1 fumarate.
HP   ULS00148; acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01364.
//
ID   L-arogenate from prephenate (L-Asp route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00342
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-aspartate + 1 prephenate => 1 L-arogenate + 1
DE   oxaloacetate.
HP   ULS00149; L-arogenate from prephenate (L-Asp route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.78.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01731.
//
ID   L-arogenate from prephenate (L-Glu route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00343
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 prephenate => 1 2-oxoglutarate +
DE   1 L-arogenate.
HP   ULS00150; L-arogenate from prephenate (L-Glu route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.79.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07276.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine from L-arogenate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00344
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arogenate => 1 CO(2) + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-
DE   phenylalanine.
HP   ULS00151; L-phenylalanine from L-arogenate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.91.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00691.
//
ID   phenylpyruvate from prephenate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00345
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 prephenate => 1 CO(2) + 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   phenylpyruvate.
HP   ULS00152; phenylpyruvate from prephenate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.51.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01373.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine from phenylpyruvate (PDH route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00346
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 NH(3) + 1 phenylpyruvate => 1
DE   H(2)O + 1 L-phenylalanine + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00153; L-phenylalanine from phenylpyruvate (PDH route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00688.
//
ID   L-phenylalanine from phenylpyruvate (ArAT route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00347
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 phenylpyruvate => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 L-phenylalanine.
HP   ULS00154; L-phenylalanine from phenylpyruvate (ArAT route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.57.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00694.
//
ID   pimeloyl-CoA from pimelate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00351
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 CoA + 1 pimelate => 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate
DE   + 1 pimeloyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00157; pimeloyl-CoA from pimelate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.2.1.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03209.
//
ID   CoA from (R)-pantothenate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00352
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-pantothenate + 1 ATP => 1 (R)-4'-
DE   phosphopantothenate + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00158; CoA from (R)-pantothenate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.33.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03018.
//
ID   CoA from (R)-pantothenate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00353
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate + 1 CTP + 1 L-cysteine
DE   => 1 CMP + 1 N-[(R)-4-phosphonopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00158; CoA from (R)-pantothenate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.5.
DR   PubMed; 15530362.
DR   PubMed; 12906824.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04231.
//
ID   CoA from (R)-pantothenate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00354
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-[(R)-4-phosphonopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine => 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 pantotheine 4'-phosphate.
HP   ULS00158; CoA from (R)-pantothenate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.36.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03269.
//
ID   CoA from (R)-pantothenate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00355
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 pantotheine 4'-phosphate => 1 3'-
DE   dephospho-CoA + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00158; CoA from (R)-pantothenate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03035.
//
ID   CoA from (R)-pantothenate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00356
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3'-dephospho-CoA + 1 ATP => 1 ADP + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00158; CoA from (R)-pantothenate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.24.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00130.
//
ID   L-proline from L-ornithine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00357
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ornithine => 1 L-proline + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00159; L-proline from L-ornithine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.1.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00671.
//
ID   L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-ornithine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00358
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-ornithine => 1 L-glutamate +
DE   1 L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde.
HP   ULS00160; L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-ornithine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.13.
DR   PubMed; 17604199.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00667.
//
ID   L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-glutamate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00359
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-glutamate => 1 ADP + 1 L-glutamyl 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00161; L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00239.
//
ID   L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-glutamate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00360
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + 1 NADPH => 1 L-
DE   glutamate 5-semialdehyde + 1 NADP(+) + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00161; L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.41.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03313.
//
ID   L-proline from L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde: step 1/1.
AC   UER00361
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + 1 NADH => 1
DE   H(2)O + 1 L-proline + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00162; L-proline from L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01248.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03314.
//
ID   N-acetylputrescine from putrescine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00363
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 putrescine => 1 CoA + 1 N-
DE   acetylputrescine.
HP   ULS00163; N-acetylputrescine from putrescine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.57.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01154.
//
ID   carbamoyl phosphate from L-arginine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00364
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-arginine => 1 L-citrulline + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00164; carbamoyl phosphate from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00552.
//
ID   carbamoyl phosphate from L-arginine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00365
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-citrulline + 1 phosphate => 1 L-ornithine + 1
DE   carbamoyl phosphate.
HP   ULS00164; carbamoyl phosphate from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01398.
//
ID   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from (R)-mevalonate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00367
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-mevalonate + 1 CoA + 2 NAD(+) => 1 (S)-3-
DE   hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 H(+) + 2 NADH.
HP   ULS00165; (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from (R)-mevalonate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.88.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02081.
//
ID   geranyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00368
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 dimethylallyl diphosphate + 1 isopentenyl
DE   diphosphate => 1 diphosphate + 1 geranyl diphosphate.
HP   ULS00166; geranyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01658.
//
ID   farnesyl diphosphate from geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00369
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 geranyl diphosphate + 1 isopentenyl diphosphate
DE   => 1 diphosphate + 1 farnesyl diphosphate.
HP   ULS00167; farnesyl diphosphate from geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02003.
//
ID   CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (urease route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00370
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 urea => 1 CO(2) + 2 NH(3).
HP   ULS00168; CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (urease route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00131.
//
ID   CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (allophanate route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00371
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 bicarbonate + 1 urea => 1 ADP + 1
DE   phosphate + 1 urea-1-carboxylate.
HP   ULS00169; CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (allophanate route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00774.
//
ID   CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (allophanate route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00372
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 urea-1-carboxylate => 2 CO(2) + 2
DE   NH(3).
HP   ULS00169; CO(2) and NH(3) from urea (allophanate route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.54.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00005.
//
ID   L-glutamate from L-proline: step 1/2.
AC   UER00373
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-proline + 1 acceptor => 1 (S)-1-pyrroline-5-
DE   carboxylic acid + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00170; L-glutamate from L-proline.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01253.
//
ID   L-glutamate from L-proline: step 2/2.
AC   UER00374
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid + 2 H(2)O + 1
DE   NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 L-glutamate + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00170; L-glutamate from L-proline.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00707.
//
ID   5-aminolevulinate from glycine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00375
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 glycine + 1 succinyl-CoA => 1 5-aminolevulinate +
DE   1 CO(2) + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00171; 5-aminolevulinate from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.37.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00830.
//
ID   coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00318
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 5-aminolevulinate => 2 H(2)O + 1 porphobilinogen.
HP   ULS00172; coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.24.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00036.
//
ID   coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00319
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 4 porphobilinogen => 4 NH(3) + 1
DE   hydroxymethylbilane.
HP   ULS00172; coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.61.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00084.
//
ID   coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00320
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 hydroxymethylbilane => 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   uroporphyrinogen III.
HP   ULS00172; coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.75.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03165.
//
ID   coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00321
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 uroporphyrinogen III => 4 CO(2) + 1
DE   coproporphyrinogen-III.
HP   ULS00172; coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.37.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03197.
//
ID   sirohydrochlorin from precorrin-2: step 1/1.
AC   UER00222
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 precorrin-2 => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   sirohydrochlorin.
HP   ULS00173; sirohydrochlorin from precorrin-2.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.76.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03947.
//
ID   siroheme from sirohydrochlorin: step 1/1.
AC   UER00376
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 Fe2+ + 1 sirohydrochlorin => 2 H(+) + 1 siroheme.
HP   ULS00174; siroheme from sirohydrochlorin.
DR   ENZYME; 4.99.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02864.
//
ID   protoheme from protoporphyrin-IX: step 1/1.
AC   UER00325
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 Fe2+ + 1 protoporphyrin-IX => 2 H(+) + 1
DE   protoheme.
HP   ULS00175; protoheme from protoporphyrin-IX.
DR   ENZYME; 4.99.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00310.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00377
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ascorbate => 1 3-dehydro-L-gulonic acid 6-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00176; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07126.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00378
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-dehydro-L-gulonic acid 6-phosphate + 1 H(+) =>
DE   1 CO(2) + 1 L-xylulose 5-phosphate.
HP   ULS00176; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.85.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07125.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00379
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-xylulose 5-phosphate => 1 L-ribulose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00176; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.22.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03244.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00380
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ribulose 5-phosphate => 1 D-xylulose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00176; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-ascorbate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05850.
//
ID   L-ornithine and urea from L-arginine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00270
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-arginine => 1 L-ornithine + 1 urea.
HP   ULS00177; L-ornithine and urea from L-arginine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00551.
//
ID   L-citrulline from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00271
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ornithine + 1 carbamoyl phosphate => 1 L-
DE   citrulline + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00178; L-citrulline from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01398.
//
ID   (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate from L-aspartate and L-citrulline: step 1/1.
AC   UER00272
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-aspartate + 1 L-citrulline => 1
DE   (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate + 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00179; (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate from L-aspartate and L-citrulline.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01954.
//
ID   L-arginine and fumarate from (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00273
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate => 1 L-arginine +
DE   1 fumarate.
HP   ULS00180; L-arginine and fumarate from (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01086.
//
ID   betaine from choline: step 1/1.
AC   UER00384
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) + 1 choline => 1 H(2)O(2) + 1
DE   betaine.
HP   ULS00181; betaine from choline.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.3.17.
DR   PubMed; 14678796.
DR   PubMed; 12795615.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01022.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08211.
//
ID   betaine aldehyde from choline (cytochrome c reductase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00385
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acceptor + 1 choline => 1 betaine aldehyde + 1
DE   reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00182; betaine aldehyde from choline (cytochrome c reductase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.99.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01025.
//
ID   betaine from betaine aldehyde: step 1/1.
AC   UER00386
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 betaine aldehyde => 2 H(+) +
DE   1 NADH + 1 betaine.
HP   ULS00183; betaine from betaine aldehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02565.
//
ID   glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane: step 1/4.
AC   UER00387
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1,2-dichloroethane + 1 H(2)O => 1 2-chloroethanol
DE   + 1 HCl.
HP   ULS00184; glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane.
DR   ENZYME; 3.8.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05284.
//
ID   glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane: step 2/4.
AC   UER00388
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-chloroethanol + 2 cytochrome c => 1
DE   chloroacetaldehyde + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
HP   ULS00184; glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.2.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05285.
//
ID   glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane: step 3/4.
AC   UER00389
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 chloroacetaldehyde => 1 H(+)
DE   + 1 NADH + 1 chloroacetic acid.
HP   ULS00184; glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05286.
//
ID   glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane: step 4/4.
AC   UER00390
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 chloroacetic acid => 1 HCl + 1
DE   glycolate.
HP   ULS00184; glycolate from 1,2-dichloroethane.
DR   ENZYME; 3.8.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05287.
//
ID   catechol from benzene: step 1/2.
AC   UER00391
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 benzene => 1 NAD(+) +
DE   1 cis-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol.
HP   ULS00185; catechol from benzene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03543.
//
ID   catechol from benzene: step 2/2.
AC   UER00392
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 cis-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol => 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 catechol.
HP   ULS00185; catechol from benzene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00812.
//
ID   3-methylcatechol from toluene: step 1/2.
AC   UER00393
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 toluene => 1 (1S,2R)-
DE   3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00186; 3-methylcatechol from toluene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03559.
//
ID   3-methylcatechol from toluene: step 2/2.
AC   UER00394
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (1S,2R)-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + 1
DE   NAD(+) => 1 3-methylcatechol + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00186; 3-methylcatechol from toluene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04088.
//
ID   sarcosine from creatinine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00395
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 creatinine => 1 N-methylhydantoin + 1
DE   NH(3).
HP   ULS00187; sarcosine from creatinine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02922.
//
ID   sarcosine from creatinine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00396
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 2 H(2)O + 1 N-methylhydantoin => 1 ADP + 1
DE   N-carbamoylsarcosine + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00187; sarcosine from creatinine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03187.
//
ID   sarcosine from creatinine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00397
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-carbamoylsarcosine => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   NH(3) + 1 sarcosine.
HP   ULS00187; sarcosine from creatinine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.59.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01563.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00399
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-ribulose 5-phosphate => 1 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl
DE   phosphate + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00188; 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.99.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07281.
//
ID   5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP: step 1/4.
AC   UER00400
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GTP + 3 H(2)O => 1 2,5-diamino-4-hydroxy-6-(5-
DE   phosphoribosylamino)pyrimidine + 1 diphosphate + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00189; 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00425.
//
ID   5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP: step 2/4.
AC   UER00401
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,5-diamino-4-hydroxy-6-(5-
DE   phosphoribosylamino)pyrimidine + 1 H(2)O => 1 5-amino-6-(5-
DE   phosphoribosylamino)uracil + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00189; 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03459.
//
ID   5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP: step 3/4.
AC   UER00402
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribosylamino)uracil + 1 H(+)
DE   + 1 NADPH => 1 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribitylamino)uracil + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00189; 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.193.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03458.
//
ID   5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP: step 4/4.
AC   UER00403
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribitylamino)uracil + 1 H(2)O
DE   => 1 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00189; 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil from GTP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07280.
//
ID   FMN from riboflavin (ATP route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00406
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 riboflavin => 1 ADP + 1 FMN.
HP   ULS00192; FMN from riboflavin (ATP route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00549.
//
ID   FAD from FMN: step 1/1.
AC   UER00407
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 FMN => 1 FAD + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00193; FAD from FMN.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00161.
//
ID   D-ribulose 5-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate (oxidative stage): step 1/3.
AC   UER00408
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucose 6-phosphate + 1 NADP(+) => 1 D-glucono-
DE   1,5-lactone 6-phosphate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00194; D-ribulose 5-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate (oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.49.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00835.
//
ID   D-ribulose 5-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate (oxidative stage): step 2/3.
AC   UER00409
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   6-phospho-D-gluconate.
HP   ULS00194; D-ribulose 5-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate (oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.1.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02035.
//
ID   D-ribulose 5-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate (oxidative stage): step 3/3.
AC   UER00410
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-phospho-D-gluconate + 1 NADP(+) => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   D-ribulose 5-phosphate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00194; D-ribulose 5-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate (oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.44.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01528.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage): step 1/1.
AC   UER00411
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-ribulose 5-phosphate => 1 D-xylulose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00195; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01529.
//
ID   D-ribose 5-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage): step 1/1.
AC   UER00412
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-ribulose 5-phosphate => 1 D-ribose 5-phosphate.
HP   ULS00196; D-ribose 5-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01056.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage): step 1/3.
AC   UER00413
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-ribose 5-phosphate + 1 D-xylulose 5-phosphate
DE   => 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 sedoheptulose 7-phosphate.
HP   ULS00197; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01641.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage): step 2/3.
AC   UER00414
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 sedoheptulose 7-
DE   phosphate => 1 D-erythrose 4-phosphate + 1 beta-D-fructose 6-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00197; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01827.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage): step 3/3.
AC   UER00415
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-erythrose 4-phosphate + 1 D-xylulose 5-
DE   phosphate => 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 beta-D-fructose 6-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00197; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (non-oxidative stage).
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01830.
//
ID   alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00423
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-fructose 6-phosphate => 1 D-mannose 6-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00198; alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00772.
//
ID   alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00424
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-mannose 6-phosphate => 1 alpha-D-mannose 1-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00198; alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.2.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01818.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate: step 1/7.
AC   UER00416
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2)
DE   => 1 (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00199; pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02698.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate: step 2/7.
AC   UER00417
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetate + 1 O(2) => 1 5-
DE   carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
HP   ULS00199; pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03303.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate: step 3/7.
AC   UER00418
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde +
DE   1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) => 1 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconic acid + 1 H(+)
DE   + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00199; pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.60.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04418.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate: step 4/7.
AC   UER00419
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconic acid => 1 5-
DE   oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylic acid.
HP   ULS00199; pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.3.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04379.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate: step 5/7.
AC   UER00420
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylic acid => 1 2-
DE   hydroxy-hept-2,4-diene-1,7-dioic acid + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00199; pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.68.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04380.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate: step 6/7.
AC   UER00421
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-hept-2,4-diene-1,7-dioic acid + 1 H(2)O
DE   => 1 2,4-dihydroxyhept-2-enedioic acid.
HP   ULS00199; pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06897.
//
ID   pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate: step 7/7.
AC   UER00422
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,4-dihydroxyhept-2-enedioic acid => 1 pyruvate +
DE   1 succinate semialdehyde.
HP   ULS00199; pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde from 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01647.
//
ID   glycine from L-allo-threonine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00427
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-allo-threonine => 1 acetaldehyde + 1 glycine.
HP   ULS00200; glycine from L-allo-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06171.
//
ID   glycine from glyoxylate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00428
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-alanine + 1 glyoxylate => 1 glycine + 1
DE   pyruvate.
HP   ULS00201; glycine from glyoxylate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.44.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00369.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and glycine from L-threonine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00429
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-threonine => 1 acetaldehyde + 1 glycine.
HP   ULS00202; acetaldehyde and glycine from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00751.
//
ID   betaine aldehyde from choline (monooxygenase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00430
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 H(+) + 1 O(2) + 1 choline + 2 reduced ferredoxin
DE   => 2 H(2)O + 1 betaine aldehyde + 2 oxidized ferredoxin.
HP   ULS00203; betaine aldehyde from choline (monooxygenase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.15.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07409.
//
ID   choline from choline sulfate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00431
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 choline sulfate => 1 choline + 1
DE   sulfate.
HP   ULS00204; choline from choline sulfate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.6.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01028.
//
ID   sarcosine from betaine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00432
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-homocysteine + 1 betaine => 1 L-methionine + 1
DE   N,N-dimethylglycine.
HP   ULS00205; sarcosine from betaine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02821.
//
ID   sarcosine from betaine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00433
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N,N-dimethylglycine + 1 acceptor => 1
DE   formaldehyde + 1 reduced acceptor + 1 sarcosine.
HP   ULS00205; sarcosine from betaine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01565.
//
ID   formaldehyde and glycine from sarcosine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00398
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor + 1 sarcosine => 1
DE   formaldehyde + 1 glycine + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00206; formaldehyde and glycine from sarcosine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00611.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate and formaldehyde: step 1/2.
AC   UER00434
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-ribulose 5-phosphate + 1 formaldehyde => 1 D-
DE   arabino-3-hexulose 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00207; D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate and formaldehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.43.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05338.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate and formaldehyde: step 2/2.
AC   UER00435
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-arabino-3-hexulose 6-phosphate => 1 D-fructose
DE   6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00207; D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-ribulose 5-phosphate and formaldehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05339.
//
ID   ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00437
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-
DE   phosphate => 1 ADP + 1 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-diphosphate.
HP   ULS00208; ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.-.
//
ID   ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00438
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-diphosphate +
DE   1 H(2)O => 1 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00208; ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.-.
//
ID   ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00439
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-
DE   phosphate => 1 ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00208; ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05644.
//
ID   ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00440
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose => 1 ADP-L-
DE   glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose.
HP   ULS00208; ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.20.
DR   PubMed; 17316025.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05176.
//
ID   (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine: step 1/4.
AC   UER00441
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-norcoclaurine + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine =>
DE   1 (S)-coclaurine + 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
HP   ULS00209; (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.128.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05123.
//
ID   (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine: step 2/4.
AC   UER00442
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-coclaurine + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine => 1
DE   (S)-N-methylcoclaurine + 1 H(+) + 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
HP   ULS00209; (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.140.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04692.
//
ID   (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine: step 3/4.
AC   UER00443
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-N-methylcoclaurine + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1
DE   O(2) => 1 (S)-3'-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00209; (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.71.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05732.
//
ID   (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine: step 4/4.
AC   UER00444
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-3'-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine + 1 S-adenosyl-
DE   L-methionine => 1 (S)-reticuline + 1 H(+) + 1 S-adenosyl-L-
DE   homocysteine.
HP   ULS00209; (S)-reticuline from (S)-norcoclaurine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.116.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03832.
//
ID   palmatine from columbamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00445
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 columbamine => 1 S-
DE   adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 palmatine.
HP   ULS00210; palmatine from columbamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.118.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03721.
//
ID   berbamunine from (R)-N-methylcoclaurine and (S)-N-methylcoclaurine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00446
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-N-methylcoclaurine + 1 (S)-N-methylcoclaurine
DE   + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) => 2 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) + 1 berbamunine.
HP   ULS00211; berbamunine from (R)-N-methylcoclaurine and (S)-N-methylcoclaurine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.21.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04694.
//
ID   3alpha(S)-strictosidine from secologanin and tryptamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00447
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 secologanin + 1 tryptamine => 1 3alpha(S)-
DE   strictosidine + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00212; 3alpha(S)-strictosidine from secologanin and tryptamine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.3.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03738.
//
ID   L-cystathionine from O-acetyl-L-homoserine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00448
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-cysteine + 1 O-acetyl-L-homoserine => 1 L-
DE   cystathionine + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00213; L-cystathionine from O-acetyl-L-homoserine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.49.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03217.
//
ID   L-homocysteine from O-succinyl-L-homoserine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00449
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O-succinyl-L-homoserine + 1 hydrogen sulfide => 1
DE   L-homocysteine + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00214; L-homocysteine from O-succinyl-L-homoserine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.48.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01288.
//
ID   (S)-scoulerine from (S)-reticuline: step 1/1.
AC   UER00450
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-reticuline + 1 O(2) => 1 (S)-scoulerine + 1
DE   H(2)O(2).
HP   ULS00215; (S)-scoulerine from (S)-reticuline.
DR   ENZYME; 1.21.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03831.
//
ID   S-adenosylmethioninamine from S-adenosyl-L-methionine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00451
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   S-adenosylmethioninamine.
HP   ULS00216; S-adenosylmethioninamine from S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.50.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00178.
//
ID   indole and pyruvate from L-tryptophan: step 1/1.
AC   UER00452
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-tryptophan => 1 NH(3) + 1 indole + 1
DE   pyruvate.
HP   ULS00217; indole and pyruvate from L-tryptophan.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.99.1.
DR   PubMed; 16790938.
DR   PubMed; 9551100.
DR   PubMed; 236639.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00673.
//
ID   L-kynurenine from L-tryptophan: step 1/2.
AC   UER00453
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-tryptophan + 1 O(2) => 1 N-formyl-N-kynurenine.
HP   ULS00218; L-kynurenine from L-tryptophan.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00678.
//
ID   L-kynurenine from L-tryptophan: step 2/2.
AC   UER00454
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-formyl-N-kynurenine => 1 L-kynurenine
DE   + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00218; L-kynurenine from L-tryptophan.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01959.
//
ID   L-alanine and anthranilate from L-kynurenine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00455
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-kynurenine => 1 L-alanine + 1
DE   anthranilate.
HP   ULS00219; L-alanine and anthranilate from L-kynurenine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.3.
DR   PubMed; 14756555.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00987.
//
ID   iminoaspartate from L-aspartate (dehydrogenase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00456
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: L-aspartate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] => H(+) +
DE   iminoaspartate + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00220; iminoaspartate from L-aspartate (dehydrogenase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.21.
DR   PubMed; 12496312.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07407.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07410.
//
ID   quinolinate from iminoaspartate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00327
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 glycerone phosphate + 1 iminoaspartate => 2 H(2)O
DE   + 1 phosphate + 1 quinolinate.
HP   ULS00221; quinolinate from iminoaspartate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.72.
DR   PubMed; 18674537.
DR   PubMed; 17586625.
DR   PubMed; 15967443.
DR   PubMed; 17600080.
DR   PubMed; 15937336.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04292.
//
ID   deamido-NAD(+) from nicotinate D-ribonucleotide: step 1/1.
AC   UER00332
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 nicotinate D-ribonucleotide => 1 deamido-
DE   NAD(+) + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00222; deamido-NAD(+) from nicotinate D-ribonucleotide.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03005.
//
ID   nicotinate D-ribonucleotide from nicotinate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00457
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   nicotinate => 1 diphosphate + 1 nicotinate D-ribonucleotide.
HP   ULS00223; nicotinate D-ribonucleotide from nicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01724.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from acetate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00458
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 acetate => 1 ADP + 1 acetyl phosphate.
HP   ULS00224; acetyl-CoA from acetate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00315.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from acetate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00459
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CoA + 1 acetyl phosphate => 1 acetyl-CoA + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00224; acetyl-CoA from acetate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00230.
//
ID   LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (aminotransferase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00466
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-
DE   glutamate => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 LL-2,6-diaminopimelate.
HP   ULS00227; LL-2,6-diaminopimelate from (S)-tetrahydrodipicolinate (aminotransferase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.83.
DR   PubMed; 17093042.
DR   PubMed; 18310350.
DR   PubMed; 16361515.
DR   PubMed; 17583737.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07613.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00467
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate => 1 2-deoxy-
DE   D-ribose 5-phosphate.
HP   ULS00228; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.2.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02749.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00468
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate => 1 D-
DE   glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 acetaldehyde.
HP   ULS00228; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01066.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine: step 1/6.
AC   UER00477
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-
DE   protein] + 1 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine => 1 UDP-3-O-(3-
DE   hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine + 1 acyl-carrier protein.
HP   ULS00229; lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.129.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04567.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine: step 2/6.
AC   UER00478
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-
DE   acetylglucosamine => 1 UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosamine
DE   + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00229; lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04587.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine: step 3/6.
AC   UER00479
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-
DE   protein] + 1 UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosamine => 1 UDP-
DE   2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosamine + 1 acyl-carrier
DE   protein.
HP   ULS00229; lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 17360522.
DR   PubMed; 18422345.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04550.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine: step 4/6.
AC   UER00480
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 UDP-2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-
DE   glucosamine => 1 UMP + 1 lipid X.
HP   ULS00229; lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.6.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04549.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine: step 5/6.
AC   UER00481
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 UDP-2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosamine
DE   + 1 lipid X => 1 2,3,2',3'-tetrakis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-alpha-D-
DE   glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + 1 UDP.
HP   ULS00229; lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.1.182.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04606.
//
ID   lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine: step 6/6.
AC   UER00482
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,3,2',3'-tetrakis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-alpha-
DE   D-glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + 1 ATP => 1 ADP + 1
DE   lipid IV(A).
HP   ULS00229; lipid IV(A) from (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] and UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.130.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04657.
//
ID   KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A): step 1/4.
AC   UER00483
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + 1 lipid IV(A)
DE   => 1 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonyl-lipid IV((A)) + 1 CMP.
HP   ULS00230; KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A).
DR   ENZYME; 2.-.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04658.
//
ID   KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A): step 2/4.
AC   UER00484
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonyl-lipid IV((A)) + 1
DE   CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate => 1 CMP + 1 di[3-deoxy-D-manno-
DE   octulosonyl]-lipid IV(A).
HP   ULS00230; KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A).
DR   ENZYME; 2.-.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05074.
//
ID   KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A): step 3/4.
AC   UER00485
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 di[3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonyl]-lipid IV(A) + 1
DE   dodecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] => 1 acyl-carrier protein + 1
DE   lauroyl-KDO(2)-lipid IV(A).
HP   ULS00230; KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05146.
//
ID   KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A): step 4/4.
AC   UER00486
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 lauroyl-KDO(2)-lipid IV(A) + 1 tetradecanoyl-
DE   [acp] => 1 KDO(2)-lipid A + 1 acyl-carrier protein.
HP   ULS00230; KDO(2)-lipid A from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IV(A).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05075.
//
ID   6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (R-isomer route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00918
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor + 1 nicotine => 1 (R)-6-
DE   hydroxynicotine + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00231; 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (R-isomer route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07946.
//
ID   6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (R-isomer route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00488
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-6-hydroxynicotine + 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) => 1 6-
DE   hydroxypseudooxynicotine + 1 H(2)O(2).
HP   ULS00231; 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (R-isomer route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.3.6.
DR   PubMed; 16095622.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07170.
//
ID   UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00492
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 UDP-beta-L-threo-pentopyranos-4-ulose.
HP   ULS00232; UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.305.
DR   PubMed; 11706007.
DR   PubMed; 15809294.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07658.
//
ID   UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00493
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 UDP-beta-L-threo-pentopyranos-4-
DE   ulose => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose.
HP   ULS00232; UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.87.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07659.
//
ID   UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00494
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 UDP-4-
DE   amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose => 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 UDP-4-
DE   deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose.
HP   ULS00232; UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.13.
DR   PubMed; 15809294.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07660.
//
ID   4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate from UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose and undecaprenyl phosphate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00495
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose + 1 di-
DE   trans,poly-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate => 1 4-deoxy-4-formamido-alphaL-
DE   arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate + 1 UDP.
HP   ULS00233; 4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate from UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose and undecaprenyl phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.8.30.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07661.
//
ID   4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate from UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose and undecaprenyl phosphate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00496
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-deoxy-4-formamido-alphaL-arabinose undecaprenyl
DE   phosphate + 1 H(2)O => 1 4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose
DE   undecaprenyl phosphate + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00233; 4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinose undecaprenyl phosphate from UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinose and undecaprenyl phosphate.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07662.
//
ID   UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate from UDP-alpha-D-glucose: step 1/1.
AC   UER00491
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 2 NAD(+) + 1 UDP-alpha-D-glucose => 2
DE   H(+) + 2 NADH + 1 UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
HP   ULS00234; UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate from UDP-alpha-D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.22.
DR   PubMed; 9737970.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00286.
//
ID   D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate and D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate from sedoheptulose 7-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00436
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => 1 D-glycero-alpha-D-
DE   manno-heptose 7-phosphate + 1 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00235; D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate and D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate from sedoheptulose 7-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.-.
//
ID   D-alanine from L-alanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00497
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-alanine => 1 D-alanine.
HP   ULS00236; D-alanine from L-alanine.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.1.1.
DR   PubMed; 11910493.
DR   PubMed; 9457858.
DR   PubMed; 6298185.
DR   PubMed; 7906689.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00401.
//
ID   NH(3) and pyruvate from D-alanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00498
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-alanine + 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor => 1 NH(3) + 1
DE   pyruvate + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00237; NH(3) and pyruvate from D-alanine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.99.1.
DR   PubMed; 9457858.
DR   PubMed; 7906689.
//
ID   cyanurate from atrazine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00499
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 atrazine => 1 HCl + 1 hydroxyatrazine.
HP   ULS00238; cyanurate from atrazine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.8.1.8.
DR   PubMed; 12450410.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05558.
//
ID   cyanurate from atrazine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00500
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 hydroxyatrazine => 1 N-
DE   isopropylammelide + 1 ethylamine.
HP   ULS00238; cyanurate from atrazine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.99.3.
DR   PubMed; 12450410.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05559.
//
ID   cyanurate from atrazine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00501
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-isopropylammelide => 1 cyanurate + 1
DE   isopropylamine.
HP   ULS00238; cyanurate from atrazine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.99.4.
DR   PubMed; 12450410.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05560.
//
ID   biuret from cyanurate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00502
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 H(2)O + 1 cyanurate => 1 biuret + 1 carbonic
DE   acid.
HP   ULS00239; biuret from cyanurate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.15.
DR   PubMed; 11544232.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05561.
//
ID   phosphatidylglycerol from CDP-diacylglycerol: step 1/2.
AC   UER00503
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CDP-diacylglycerol + 1 sn-glycerol 3-phosphate =>
DE   1 CMP + 1 phosphatidylglycerophosphate.
HP   ULS00240; phosphatidylglycerol from CDP-diacylglycerol.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.8.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01801.
//
ID   phosphatidylglycerol from CDP-diacylglycerol: step 2/2.
AC   UER00504
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 phosphatidylglycerophosphate => 1
DE   phosphate + 1 phosphatidylglycerol.
HP   ULS00240; phosphatidylglycerol from CDP-diacylglycerol.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02029.
//
ID   glycine from L-threonine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00505
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-threonine + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 L-2-amino-3-
DE   oxobutanoic acid + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00241; glycine from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.103.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01465.
//
ID   glycine from L-threonine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00506
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CoA + 1 L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acid => 1 acetyl-
DE   CoA + 1 glycine.
HP   ULS00241; glycine from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.29.
DR   PubMed; 11318637.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00371.
//
ID   propanoate from L-threonine: step 1/4.
AC   UER00507
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-threonine => 1 2-oxobutanoate + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00242; propanoate from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00996.
//
ID   propanoate from L-threonine: step 2/4.
AC   UER00508
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxobutanoate + 1 CoA => 1 formate + 1
DE   propanoyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00242; propanoate from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06987.
//
ID   propanoate from L-threonine: step 3/4.
AC   UER00509
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 phosphate + 1 propanoyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1
DE   propanoyl phosphate.
HP   ULS00242; propanoate from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00921.
//
ID   propanoate from L-threonine: step 4/4.
AC   UER00510
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ADP + 1 propanoyl phosphate => 1 ATP + 1
DE   propanoate.
HP   ULS00242; propanoate from L-threonine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01353.
//
ID   CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00511
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CTP + 1 alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate => 1 CDP-
DE   glucose + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00243; CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.33.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00956.
//
ID   CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00512
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CDP-glucose => 1 CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose
DE   + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00243; CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.45.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02426.
//
ID   CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00513
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H(+) + [NADH or
DE   NADPH] => CDP-4-dehydro-3,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + H(2)O + [NAD(+) or
DE   NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00243; CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03391.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03392.
//
ID   CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00514
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CDP-4-dehydro-3,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADPH => 1 CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00243; CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04265.
//
ID   CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00515
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-glucose => 1 CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-
DE   mannose.
HP   ULS00243; CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose from CTP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04266.
//
ID   alpha-ribazole from 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole: step 1/2.
AC   UER00516
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + 1 nicotinate D-
DE   ribonucleotide => 1 H(+) + 1 alpha-ribazole 5'-phosphate + 1
DE   nicotinate.
HP   ULS00244; alpha-ribazole from 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04148.
//
ID   alpha-ribazole from 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole: step 2/2.
AC   UER00517
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 alpha-ribazole 5'-phosphate => 1 alpha-
DE   ribazole + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00244; alpha-ribazole from 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.73.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04594.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from D-galactonate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00518
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-galactonate => 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-
DE   galactonate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00245; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from D-galactonate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03033.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from D-galactonate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00519
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + 1 ATP => 1 6-
DE   phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonic acid + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00245; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from D-galactonate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.58.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03387.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from D-galactonate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00520
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonic acid =>
DE   1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00245; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from D-galactonate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01064.
//
ID   vindoline from tabersonine: step 1/6.
AC   UER00521
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 tabersonine => 1 16-
DE   hydroxytabersonine + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00246; vindoline from tabersonine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.73.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05855.
//
ID   vindoline from tabersonine: step 2/6.
AC   UER00522
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 16-hydroxytabersonine + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
DE   => 1 16-methoxytabersonine + 1 H(+) + 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
HP   ULS00246; vindoline from tabersonine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.94.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05885.
//
ID   vindoline from tabersonine: step 3/6.
AC   UER00523
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 16-methoxytabersonine + 1 H(2)O => 1 3-hydroxy-
DE   16-methoxy-2,3-dihydrotabersonine.
HP   ULS00246; vindoline from tabersonine.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05856.
//
ID   vindoline from tabersonine: step 4/6.
AC   UER00524
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-hydroxy-16-methoxy-2,3-dihydrotabersonine + 1
DE   S-adenosyl-L-methionine => 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1
DE   desacetoxyvindoline.
HP   ULS00246; vindoline from tabersonine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.99.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04013.
//
ID   vindoline from tabersonine: step 5/6.
AC   UER00525
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 O(2) + 1 desacetoxyvindoline
DE   => 1 CO(2) + 1 deacetylvindoline + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00246; vindoline from tabersonine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.11.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05857.
//
ID   vindoline from tabersonine: step 6/6.
AC   UER00526
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 deacetylvindoline => 1 CoA + 1
DE   vindoline.
HP   ULS00246; vindoline from tabersonine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.107.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03230.
//
ID   alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00528
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-fructose 6-phosphate + 1 L-glutamine => 1 L-
DE   glutamate + 1 alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00247; alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00768.
//
ID   N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route I): step 1/2.
AC   UER00529
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate =>
DE   1 CoA + 1 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00248; N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route I).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02058.
//
ID   N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route I): step 2/2.
AC   UER00530
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate => 1 N-acetyl-
DE   alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate.
HP   ULS00248; N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route I).
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.2.3.
//
ID   N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route II): step 1/2.
AC   UER00531
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate => 1 alpha-D-
DE   glucosamine 1-phosphate.
HP   ULS00249; N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route II).
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.2.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02060.
//
ID   N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route II): step 2/2.
AC   UER00532
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate =>
DE   1 CoA + 1 N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate.
HP   ULS00249; N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate from alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (route II).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.157.
//
ID   UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine from N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00533
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + 1 UTP
DE   => 1 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00250; UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine from N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.23.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00416.
//
ID   D-glucose from alpha,alpha-trehalose: step 1/1.
AC   UER00535
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 alpha,alpha-trehalose => 2 D-glucose.
HP   ULS00251; D-glucose from alpha,alpha-trehalose.
DR   ENZYME; 3.2.1.28.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00010.
//
ID   hypotaurine from 2-aminoethanethiol: step 1/1.
AC   UER00536
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-aminoethanethiol + 1 O(2) => 1 hypotaurine.
HP   ULS00252; hypotaurine from 2-aminoethanethiol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02467.
//
ID   hypotaurine from L-cysteine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00537
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-cysteine + 1 O(2) => 1 3-sulfino-L-alanine.
HP   ULS00253; hypotaurine from L-cysteine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00893.
//
ID   hypotaurine from L-cysteine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00538
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-sulfino-L-alanine => 1 CO(2) + 1 hypotaurine.
HP   ULS00253; hypotaurine from L-cysteine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.29.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02466.
//
ID   taurine from hypotaurine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00539
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 hypotaurine => 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADH + 1 taurine.
HP   ULS00254; taurine from hypotaurine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.8.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01681.
//
ID   taurine from L-cysteine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00540
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-cysteine + 1 sulfite => 1 L-cysteate + 1
DE   hydrogen sulfide.
HP   ULS00255; taurine from L-cysteine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.4.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00901.
//
ID   taurine from L-cysteine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00541
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-cysteate => 1 CO(2) + 1 taurine.
HP   ULS00255; taurine from L-cysteine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.29.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01682.
//
ID   aminoacetaldehyde and sulfite from taurine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00542
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 O(2) + 1 taurine => 1 CO(2) +
DE   1 aminoacetaldehyde + 1 succinate + 1 sulfite.
HP   ULS00256; aminoacetaldehyde and sulfite from taurine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.11.17.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05320.
//
ID   acetyl phosphate and sulfite from taurine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00543
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 pyruvate + 1 taurine => 1 L-alanine + 1
DE   sulfoacetaldehyde.
HP   ULS00257; acetyl phosphate and sulfite from taurine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.77.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05652.
//
ID   acetyl phosphate and sulfite from taurine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00544
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 phosphate + 1 sulfoacetaldehyde => 1 acetyl
DE   phosphate + 1 sulfite.
HP   ULS00257; acetyl phosphate and sulfite from taurine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.3.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05651.
//
ID   sucrose from D-fructose 6-phosphate and UDP-alpha-D-glucose: step 1/2.
AC   UER00545
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-fructose 6-phosphate + 1 UDP-alpha-D-glucose =>
DE   1 UDP + 1 sucrose 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00258; sucrose from D-fructose 6-phosphate and UDP-alpha-D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.1.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00766.
//
ID   sucrose from D-fructose 6-phosphate and UDP-alpha-D-glucose: step 2/2.
AC   UER00546
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 sucrose 6-phosphate => 1 phosphate + 1
DE   sucrose.
HP   ULS00258; sucrose from D-fructose 6-phosphate and UDP-alpha-D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.24.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00805.
//
ID   3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene from trans-4-coumarate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00547
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 CoA + 1 trans-4-coumarate => 1 4-
DE   coumaroyl-CoA + 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00259; 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene from trans-4-coumarate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.2.1.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01616.
//
ID   3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene from trans-4-coumarate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00548
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-coumaroyl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA => 1 3,4',5-
DE   trihydroxystilbene + 4 CO(2) + 4 CoA.
HP   ULS00259; 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene from trans-4-coumarate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.95.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01614.
//
ID   N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate from L-histidine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00549
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-histidine => 1 NH(3) + 1 trans-urocanate.
HP   ULS00260; N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate from L-histidine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.1.3.
DR   PubMed; 11732994.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01168.
//
ID   N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate from L-histidine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00550
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 trans-urocanate => 1 4-imidazolone-5-
DE   propanoate.
HP   ULS00260; N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate from L-histidine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.49.
DR   PubMed; 15313616.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02914.
//
ID   N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate from L-histidine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00551
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate + 1 H(2)O => 1 N-
DE   formimidoyl-L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00260; N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate from L-histidine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.7.
DR   PubMed; 16990261.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02288.
//
ID   L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (hydrolase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00552
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate => 1 L-
DE   glutamate + 1 formamide.
HP   ULS00261; L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (hydrolase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02285.
//
ID   L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (deiminase route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00553
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate => 1 N-
DE   formyl-L-glutamate + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00262; L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (deiminase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.13.
DR   PubMed; 16475788.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02286.
//
ID   L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (deiminase route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00554
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-formyl-L-glutamate => 1 L-glutamate +
DE   1 formate.
HP   ULS00262; L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (deiminase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.68.
DR   PubMed; 7612651.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00525.
//
ID   L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (transferase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00555
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 N-formimidoyl-L-
DE   glutamate => 1 5-formiminotetrahydrofolate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00263; L-glutamate from N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate (transferase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.5.
DR   PubMed; 12815595.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02287.
//
ID   staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00556
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 farnesyl diphosphate => 1 dehydrosqualene + 2
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00264; staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07652.
//
ID   staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00557
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 dehydrosqualene => 1 4,4'-diaponeurosporene.
HP   ULS00264; staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.99.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07653.
//
ID   staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00558
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4,4'-diaponeurosporene => 1 4,4'-
DE   diaponeurosporenic acid.
HP   ULS00264; staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.-.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07654.
//
ID   staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00559
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4,4'-diaponeurosporenic acid => 1 glycosyl-4,4'-
DE   diaponeurosporenic acid.
HP   ULS00264; staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07655.
//
ID   staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00560
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 glycosyl-4,4'-diaponeurosporenic acid => 1
DE   staphyloxanthin.
HP   ULS00264; staphyloxanthin from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07656.
//
ID   ethylene from S-adenosyl-L-methionine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00562
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine => 1 1-
DE   aminocyclopropanecarboxylate + 1 S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine.
HP   ULS00265; ethylene from S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.4.1.14.
DR   PubMed; 507845.
DR   PubMed; 12422245.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00179.
//
ID   ethylene from S-adenosyl-L-methionine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00563
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylate + 1 L-ascorbate +
DE   1 O(2) => 1 CO(2) + 2 H(2)O + 1 L-dehydroascorbate + 1 ethylene + 1
DE   hydrogen cyanide.
HP   ULS00265; ethylene from S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.17.4.
DR   PubMed; 11361015.
DR   PubMed; 12422245.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07214.
//
ID   geranylgeranyl diphosphate from farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00564
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 farnesyl diphosphate + 1 isopentenyl diphosphate
DE   => 1 diphosphate + 1 geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
HP   ULS00266; geranylgeranyl diphosphate from farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.29.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02061.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate from L-arabinose: step 1/3.
AC   UER00568
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arabinose + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 L-arabinono-
DE   1,4-lactone + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00267; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate from L-arabinose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.46.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01757.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate from L-arabinose: step 2/3.
AC   UER00569
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-arabinono-1,4-lactone => 1 L-
DE   arabinonate.
HP   ULS00267; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate from L-arabinose.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.1.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02526.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate from L-arabinose: step 3/3.
AC   UER00570
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arabinonate => 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-
DE   arabinonate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00267; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate from L-arabinose.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02522.
//
ID   glycolaldehyde and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00571
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate => 1
DE   glycolaldehyde + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00268; glycolaldehyde and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01784.
//
ID   2-oxoglutarate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00572
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate => 1 2,5-
DE   dioxopentanoate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00269; 2-oxoglutarate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.43.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02278.
//
ID   2-oxoglutarate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00573
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,5-dioxopentanoate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00269; 2-oxoglutarate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00264.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route): step 1/5.
AC   UER00574
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(+) + L-arabinose + [NADH or NADPH] => L-
DE   arabinitol + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00270; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01758.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01759.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route): step 2/5.
AC   UER00575
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arabinitol + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 L-xylulose
DE   + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00270; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.12.
DR   PubMed; 11514550.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01903.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route): step 3/5.
AC   UER00576
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 L-xylulose + 1 NADPH => 1 NADP(+) + 1
DE   xylitol.
HP   ULS00270; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01904.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route): step 4/5.
AC   UER00577
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 xylitol => 1 D-xylulose + 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADH.
HP   ULS00270; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01896.
//
ID   D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route): step 5/5.
AC   UER00578
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-xylulose => 1 ADP + 1 D-xylulose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00270; D-xylulose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose (fungal route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.17.
DR   PubMed; 11606204.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01639.
//
ID   creatine from L-arginine and glycine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00579
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arginine + 1 glycine => 1 L-ornithine + 1
DE   guanidinoacetate.
HP   ULS00271; creatine from L-arginine and glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.4.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00565.
//
ID   creatine from L-arginine and glycine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00580
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 guanidinoacetate => 1
DE   S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 creatine.
HP   ULS00271; creatine from L-arginine and glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.2.
DR   PubMed; 12079381.
DR   PubMed; 15533043.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01883.
//
ID   pentalenene from farnesyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00581
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 farnesyl diphosphate => 1 diphosphate + 1
DE   pentalenene.
HP   ULS00272; pentalenene from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.7.
DR   PubMed; 9295272.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02305.
//
ID   aristolochene from farnesyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00582
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 farnesyl diphosphate => 1 aristolochene + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00273; aristolochene from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.9.
DR   PubMed; 10825154.
DR   PubMed; 8440737.
DR   PubMed; 9295271.
DR   PubMed; 10775423.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02307.
//
ID   germacradienol from farnesyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00583
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 farnesyl diphosphate => 1 diphosphate +
DE   1 germacradienol.
HP   ULS00274; germacradienol from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.22.
DR   PubMed; 16787064.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07647.
//
ID   germacrene D from farnesyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00584
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 farnesyl diphosphate => 1 diphosphate + 1
DE   germacrene D.
HP   ULS00275; germacrene D from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.22.
DR   PubMed; 16787064.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07648.
//
ID   NH(3) and pyruvate from L-alanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00585
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-alanine + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH
DE   + 1 NH(3) + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00276; NH(3) and pyruvate from L-alanine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.1.
DR   PubMed; 8226620.
DR   PubMed; 9665169.
DR   PubMed; 12664266.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00396.
//
ID   pyruvate from L-alanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00586
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-alanine => 1 L-glutamate + 1
DE   pyruvate.
HP   ULS00277; pyruvate from L-alanine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.2.
DR   PubMed; 11863375.
DR   PubMed; 15122758.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00258.
//
ID   betaine aldehyde from choline (dehydrogenase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00587
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 choline => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 betaine
DE   aldehyde.
HP   ULS00278; betaine aldehyde from choline (dehydrogenase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.1.
DR   PubMed; 8752328.
//
ID   4-pyridoxate from pyridoxal: step 1/2.
AC   UER00588
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 pyridoxal => 1 4-pyridoxolactone + 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00279; 4-pyridoxate from pyridoxal.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.107.
DR   PubMed; 15226311.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01707.
//
ID   4-pyridoxate from pyridoxal: step 2/2.
AC   UER00589
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-pyridoxolactone + 1 H(2)O => 1 4-pyridoxate.
HP   ULS00279; 4-pyridoxate from pyridoxal.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.1.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02992.
//
ID   pyridoxal from pyridoxine (oxidase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00590
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 pyridoxine => 1 H(2)O(2) + 1 pyridoxal.
HP   ULS00280; pyridoxal from pyridoxine (oxidase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.3.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01711.
//
ID   protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from lipoate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00594
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 lipoate => 1 diphosphate + 1 lipoyl-AMP.
HP   ULS00281; protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from lipoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.63.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07770.
//
ID   protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from lipoate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00595
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 apoprotein + 1 lipoyl-AMP => 1 AMP + 1 protein
DE   N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine.
HP   ULS00281; protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from lipoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.63.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07771.
//
ID   protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]: step 1/2.
AC   UER00592
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 apoprotein + 1 octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] =>
DE   1 acyl-carrier protein + 1 protein N(6)-(octanoyl)lysine.
HP   ULS00282; protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.181.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07766.
//
ID   protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]: step 2/2.
AC   UER00593
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 protein N(6)-
DE   (octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur donor => 2 5'-deoxyadenosine + 2 L-
DE   methionine + 1 protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine.
HP   ULS00282; protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine from octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07767.
//
ID   thiamine diphosphate from thiamine phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00142
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 thiamine phosphate => 1 ADP + 1 thiamine
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00283; thiamine diphosphate from thiamine phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00617.
//
ID   thiamine phosphate from thiamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00596
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 thiamine => 1 ADP + 1 thiamine phosphate.
HP   ULS00284; thiamine phosphate from thiamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.89.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02134.
//
ID   thiamine diphosphate from thiamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00597
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 thiamine => 1 AMP + 1 thiamine
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00285; thiamine diphosphate from thiamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.6.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00619.
//
ID   CO(2) and formate from oxalate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00598
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 formyl-CoA + 1 oxalate => 1 formate + 1 oxalyl-
DE   CoA.
HP   ULS00286; CO(2) and formate from oxalate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.3.16.
DR   PubMed; 12844490.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07290.
//
ID   CO(2) and formate from oxalate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00599
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 oxalyl-CoA => 1 CO(2) + 1 formyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00286; CO(2) and formate from oxalate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01908.
//
ID   NAD(+) from nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide: step 1/1.
AC   UER00600
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide => 1 NAD(+)
DE   + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00287; NAD(+) from nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00137.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from L-rhamnose: step 1/3.
AC   UER00601
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-rhamnose => 1 L-rhamnulose.
HP   ULS00288; glycerone phosphate from L-rhamnose.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02437.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from L-rhamnose: step 2/3.
AC   UER00602
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-rhamnulose => 1 ADP + 1 L-rhamnulose 1-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00288; glycerone phosphate from L-rhamnose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03014.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from L-rhamnose: step 3/3.
AC   UER00603
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate => 1 L-lactaldehyde + 1
DE   glycerone phosphate.
HP   ULS00288; glycerone phosphate from L-rhamnose.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02263.
//
ID   lactose 6-phosphate from alpha-lactose (PTS route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00604
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 alpha-lactose + 1 protein N(pi)-phospho-L-
DE   histidine => 1 lactose 6-phosphate + 1 protein histidine.
HP   ULS00289; lactose 6-phosphate from alpha-lactose (PTS route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.69.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04393.
//
ID   D-galactose 6-phosphate and beta-D-glucose from lactose 6-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00605
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 lactose 6-phosphate => 1 D-galactose 6-
DE   phosphate + 1 beta-D-glucose.
HP   ULS00290; D-galactose 6-phosphate and beta-D-glucose from lactose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.2.1.85.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03256.
//
ID   GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00606
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-
DE   phosphate => 1 ADP + 1 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 1,7-
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00291; GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.-.
//
ID   GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00607
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 1,7-diphosphate +
DE   1 H(2)O => 1 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 1,7-diphosphate + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00291; GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.-.
//
ID   GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00608
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 1,7-diphosphate +
DE   1 GTP => 1 GDP + 1 GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose.
HP   ULS00291; GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose from D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.
//
ID   cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00609
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-phospho-D-glycerate + 1 ATP => 1 2,3-
DE   bisphospho-D-glycerate + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00292; cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02664.
//
ID   cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00610
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,3-bisphospho-D-glycerate + 1 ATP => 1 ADP + 1
DE   cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00292; cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.6.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03298.
//
ID   (S)-lactate from pyruvate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00611
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 pyruvate => 1 (S)-lactate + 1
DE   NAD(+).
HP   ULS00293; (S)-lactate from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00703.
//
ID   CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00612
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acyl-CoA + 1 sn-glycerol 3-phosphate => 1 1-acyl-
DE   sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00294; CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00851.
//
ID   CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00613
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + 1 acyl-CoA => 1
DE   CoA + 1 phosphatidate.
HP   ULS00294; CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.51.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02241.
//
ID   CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00614
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CTP + 1 phosphatidate => 1 CDP-diacylglycerol + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00294; CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.41.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01799.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine from CDP-diacylglycerol: step 1/2.
AC   UER00615
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CDP-diacylglycerol + 1 L-serine => 1 CMP + 1
DE   phosphatidylserine.
HP   ULS00295; phosphatidylethanolamine from CDP-diacylglycerol.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.8.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01800.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine from CDP-diacylglycerol: step 2/2.
AC   UER00616
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 phosphatidylserine => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   phosphatidylethanolamine.
HP   ULS00295; phosphatidylethanolamine from CDP-diacylglycerol.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.65.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02055.
//
ID   acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00617
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate => 1 (2S,3S)-3-methyl-L-aspartate.
HP   ULS00296; acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.99.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00262.
//
ID   acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00618
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2S,3S)-3-methyl-L-aspartate => 1 NH(3) + 1
DE   mesaconate.
HP   ULS00296; acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03696.
//
ID   acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00619
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 mesaconate => 1 L-citramalate.
HP   ULS00296; acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.34.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03693.
//
ID   acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00620
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-citramalate => 1 acetate + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00296; acetate and pyruvate from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.22.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00325.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (glutathione route): step 1/3.
AC   UER00621
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 formaldehyde + 1 glutathione => 1 S-
DE   (hydroxymethyl)glutathione.
HP   ULS00297; formate from formaldehyde (glutathione route).
DR   ENZYME; 4.4.1.22.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06982.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (glutathione route): step 2/3.
AC   UER00622
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)]
DE   => H(+) + S-formylglutathione + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00297; formate from formaldehyde (glutathione route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.284.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06983.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07140.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (glutathione route): step 3/3.
AC   UER00623
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 S-formylglutathione => 1 formate + 1
DE   glutathione.
HP   ULS00297; formate from formaldehyde (glutathione route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.2.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00527.
//
ID   L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate from L-fucose: step 1/3.
AC   UER00624
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-fucose => 1 L-fuculose.
HP   ULS00298; L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate from L-fucose.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03163.
//
ID   L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate from L-fucose: step 2/3.
AC   UER00625
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-fuculose => 1 ADP + 1 L-fuculose 1-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00298; L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate from L-fucose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.51.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03241.
//
ID   L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate from L-fucose: step 3/3.
AC   UER00626
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-fuculose 1-phosphate => 1 L-lactaldehyde + 1
DE   glycerone phosphate.
HP   ULS00298; L-lactaldehyde and glycerone phosphate from L-fucose.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.17.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02262.
//
ID   2,5-dioxopentanoate from D-glucarate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00627
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucarate => 1 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate +
DE   1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00299; 2,5-dioxopentanoate from D-glucarate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.40.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02752.
//
ID   2,5-dioxopentanoate from D-glucarate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00628
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate => 1 2,5-
DE   dioxopentanoate + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00299; 2,5-dioxopentanoate from D-glucarate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.41.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02279.
//
ID   D-glycerate from D-galactarate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00629
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-galactarate => 1 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate
DE   + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00300; D-glycerate from D-galactarate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.42.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05608.
//
ID   D-glycerate from D-galactarate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00630
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate => 1 2-hydroxy-3-
DE   oxopropanoate + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00300; D-glycerate from D-galactarate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02754.
//
ID   D-glycerate from D-galactarate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00631
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate + H(+) + [NADH or NADPH]
DE   => D-glycerate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00300; D-glycerate from D-galactarate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.60.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01745.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01747.
//
ID   uridine from cytidine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00632
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 cytidine => 1 NH(3) + 1 uridine.
HP   ULS00301; uridine from cytidine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01878.
//
ID   uracil from uridine (phosphorylase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00633
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 phosphate + 1 uridine => 1 alpha-D-ribose 1-
DE   phosphate + 1 uracil.
HP   ULS00302; uracil from uridine (phosphorylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.3.
DR   PubMed; 15003451.
DR   PubMed; 12499542.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01876.
//
ID   uracil from uridine (hydrolase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00634
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 uridine => 1 D-ribose + 1 uracil.
HP   ULS00303; uracil from uridine (hydrolase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.2.2.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01080.
//
ID   UMP from uracil: step 1/1.
AC   UER00636
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1 uracil
DE   => 1 UMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00304; UMP from uracil.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00966.
//
ID   UMP from uridine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00637
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 uridine => 1 ADP + 1 UMP.
HP   ULS00305; UMP from uridine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.48.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00964.
//
ID   dTMP from thymine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00638
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate + 1 thymine =>
DE   1 phosphate + 1 thymidine.
HP   ULS00306; dTMP from thymine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01570.
//
ID   dTMP from thymine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00639
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 thymidine => 1 ADP + 1 dTMP.
HP   ULS00306; dTMP from thymine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01567.
//
ID   CTP from cytidine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00640
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 cytidine => 1 ADP + 1 CMP.
HP   ULS00307; CTP from cytidine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.48.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00513.
//
ID   CTP from cytidine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00641
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 CMP => 1 ADP + 1 CDP.
HP   ULS00307; CTP from cytidine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00512.
//
ID   CTP from cytidine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00642
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 CDP => 1 ADP + 1 CTP.
HP   ULS00307; CTP from cytidine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00570.
//
ID   malonate and urea from uracil: step 1/3.
AC   UER00643
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor + 1 uracil => 1 barbiturate +
DE   1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00308; malonate and urea from uracil.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.99.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00976.
//
ID   malonate and urea from uracil: step 2/3.
AC   UER00644
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 barbiturate => 1 3-oxo-3-
DE   ureidopropanoic acid.
HP   ULS00308; malonate and urea from uracil.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02139.
//
ID   malonate and urea from uracil: step 3/3.
AC   UER00645
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-oxo-3-ureidopropanoic acid + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   malonate + 1 urea.
HP   ULS00308; malonate and urea from uracil.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.95.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07629.
//
ID   AMP from adenine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00646
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   adenine => 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00309; AMP from adenine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00190.
//
ID   IMP from inosine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00647
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 inosine => 1 ADP + 1 IMP.
HP   ULS00310; IMP from inosine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.73.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01131.
//
ID   IMP from hypoxanthine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00648
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   hypoxanthine => 1 IMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00311; IMP from hypoxanthine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01132.
//
ID   AMP from ADP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00649
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 ADP => 1 AMP + 1 ATP.
HP   ULS00312; AMP from ADP.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.4.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00127.
//
ID   (S)-allantoin from urate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00650
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) + 1 urate => 1 5-hydroxyisouric
DE   acid + 1 H(2)O(2).
HP   ULS00313; (S)-allantoin from urate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.7.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02106.
//
ID   (S)-allantoin from urate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00651
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-hydroxyisouric acid + 1 H(2)O => 1 5-hydroxy-2-
DE   oxo-4-ureido-2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid.
HP   ULS00313; (S)-allantoin from urate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.17.
DR   PubMed; 16787778.
DR   PubMed; 16952372.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06601.
//
ID   (S)-allantoin from urate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00652
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-hydroxy-2-oxo-4-ureido-2,5-dihydro-1H-
DE   imidazole-5-carboxylic acid => 1 (S)-allantoin + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00313; (S)-allantoin from urate.
DR   PubMed; 17428786.
DR   PubMed; 17567580.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06604.
//
ID   allantoate from (S)-allantoin: step 1/1.
AC   UER00653
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-allantoin + 1 H(2)O => 1 allantoate.
HP   ULS00314; allantoate from (S)-allantoin.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02425.
//
ID   (S)-ureidoglycolate from allantoate (aminidohydrolase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00654
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 allantoate => 1 (S)-ureidoglycolate + 1
DE   urea.
HP   ULS00315; (S)-ureidoglycolate from allantoate (aminidohydrolase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02422.
//
ID   (S)-ureidoglycolate from allantoate (amidohydrolase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00655
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 allantoate => 1 (S)-ureidoglycolate + 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00316; (S)-ureidoglycolate from allantoate (amidohydrolase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.9.
DR   PubMed; 17362992.
DR   PubMed; 16496096.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02423.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05554.
//
ID   glyoxylate from (S)-ureidoglycolate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00656
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-ureidoglycolate + 1 H(2)O => 1 CO(2) + 2
DE   NH(3) + 1 glyoxylate.
HP   ULS00317; glyoxylate from (S)-ureidoglycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.3.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00469.
//
ID   oxalurate from (S)-ureidoglycolate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00657
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: (S)-ureidoglycolate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] => H(+) +
DE   oxalurate + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00318; oxalurate from (S)-ureidoglycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.154.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02935.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02936.
//
ID   XMP from xanthine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00658
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   xanthine => 1 XMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00319; XMP from xanthine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.22.
DR   PubMed; 10545171.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02142.
//
ID   AMP from adenosine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00659
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 adenosine => 1 ADP + 1 AMP.
HP   ULS00320; AMP from adenosine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00185.
//
ID   xanthine from guanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00660
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 guanine => 1 NH(3) + 1 xanthine.
HP   ULS00321; xanthine from guanine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.3.
DR   PubMed; 10075721.
DR   PubMed; 10913105.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01676.
//
ID   urate from hypoxanthine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00661
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 hypoxanthine => 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADH + 1 xanthine.
HP   ULS00322; urate from hypoxanthine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01768.
//
ID   urate from hypoxanthine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00662
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 xanthine => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH
DE   + 1 urate.
HP   ULS00322; urate from hypoxanthine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02103.
//
ID   IMP from AMP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00663
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 AMP + 1 H(2)O => 1 IMP + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00323; IMP from AMP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00181.
//
ID   phosphatidate from CDP-diacylglycerol: step 1/1.
AC   UER00664
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CDP-diacylglycerol + 1 H(2)O => 1 CMP + 1
DE   phosphatidate.
HP   ULS00324; phosphatidate from CDP-diacylglycerol.
DR   ENZYME; 3.6.1.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01797.
//
ID   dUMP from dCTP (dUTP route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00665
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 dCTP => 1 NH(3) + 1 dUTP.
HP   ULS00325; dUMP from dCTP (dUTP route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.13.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02325.
//
ID   dUMP from dCTP (dUTP route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00666
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 dUTP => 1 dUMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00325; dUMP from dCTP (dUTP route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.6.1.23.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02100.
//
ID   dUMP from dCTP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00667
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 H(2)O + 1 dCTP => 1 NH(3) + 1 dUMP + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00326; dUMP from dCTP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.30.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07307.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from glycerol (oxidative route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00668
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 glycerol => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   glycerone.
HP   ULS00327; glycerone phosphate from glycerol (oxidative route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01034.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from glycerol (oxidative route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00669
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 glycerone => 1 ADP + 1 glycerone
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00327; glycerone phosphate from glycerol (oxidative route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.29.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01011.
//
ID   propane-1,3-diol from glycerol (reductive route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00670
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 glycerol => 1 3-hydroxypropanal + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00328; propane-1,3-diol from glycerol (reductive route).
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.30.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01047.
//
ID   propane-1,3-diol from glycerol (reductive route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00671
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-hydroxypropanal + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH => 1 NAD(+) +
DE   1 propane-1,3-diol.
HP   ULS00328; propane-1,3-diol from glycerol (reductive route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.202.
DR   PubMed; 7721705.
DR   PubMed; 9311132.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03119.
//
ID   sn-glycerol 3-phosphate from glycerol: step 1/1.
AC   UER00672
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 glycerol => 1 ADP + 1 sn-glycerol 3-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00329; sn-glycerol 3-phosphate from glycerol.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.30.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00847.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (anaerobic route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00673
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 Quinone + 1 sn-glycerol 3-phosphate => 1
DE   Hydroquinone + 1 glycerone phosphate.
HP   ULS00330; glycerone phosphate from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (anaerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.5.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00849.
//
ID   glycerone phosphate from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (aerobic route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00674
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 Quinone + 1 sn-glycerol 3-phosphate => 1
DE   Hydroquinone + 1 glycerone phosphate.
HP   ULS00331; glycerone phosphate from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (aerobic route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.5.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00849.
//
ID   (R)-lactate from methylglyoxal: step 1/2.
AC   UER00675
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 glutathione + 1 methylglyoxal => 1 (R)-S-
DE   lactoylglutathione.
HP   ULS00332; (R)-lactate from methylglyoxal.
DR   ENZYME; 4.4.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02530.
//
ID   (R)-lactate from methylglyoxal: step 2/2.
AC   UER00676
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + 1 H(2)O => 1 (R)-
DE   lactate + 1 glutathione.
HP   ULS00332; (R)-lactate from methylglyoxal.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.2.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01736.
//
ID   (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol from pyruvate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00677
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 pyruvate => 1 (S)-2-acetolactate + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00333; (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.2.1.6.
DR   PubMed; 14557277.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00226.
//
ID   (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol from pyruvate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00678
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-2-acetolactate => 1 (R)-acetoin + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00333; (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02948.
//
ID   (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol from pyruvate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00679
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-acetoin + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH => 1 (R,R)-butane-
DE   2,3-diol + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00333; (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02946.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00680
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-acetylneuraminate => 1 N-acetyl-D-mannosamine +
DE   1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00334; D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01811.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00681
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 N-acetyl-D-mannosamine => 1 ADP + 1 N-
DE   acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00334; D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.60.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02705.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00682
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate => 1 N-acetyl-
DE   D-glucosamine 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00334; D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02087.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00683
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate => 1
DE   acetate + 1 alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00334; D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02059.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00684
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate => 1 D-
DE   fructose 6-phosphate + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00334; D-fructose 6-phosphate from N-acetylneuraminate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.99.6.
DR   PubMed; 16199574.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00765.
//
ID   crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00591
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-glutamate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00335; crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.2.
DR   PubMed; 1917850.
DR   PubMed; 15727821.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00243.
//
ID   crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00685
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 FADH2 => 1 2-hydroxyglutarate
DE   + 1 FAD.
HP   ULS00335; crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.99.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03534.
//
ID   crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00686
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxyglutarate + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1 2-
DE   hydroxyglutaryl-CoA + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00335; crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.3.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04000.
//
ID   crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00687
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA => 1 H(2)O + 1 glutaconyl-
DE   1-CoA.
HP   ULS00335; crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03937.
//
ID   crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00688
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 glutaconyl-1-CoA => 1 CO(2) + 1 crotonoyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00335; crotonoyl-CoA from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.70.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03028.
//
ID   L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (NADP(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00689
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 H(+) + 1 L-glutamine + 1 NADPH
DE   => 2 L-glutamate + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00336; L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (NADP(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.13.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00114.
//
ID   L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (NAD(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00690
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 H(+) + 1 L-glutamine + 1 NADH
DE   => 2 L-glutamate + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00337; L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (NAD(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00093.
//
ID   L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (ferredoxin route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00691
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 2 H(+) + 1 L-glutamine + 2
DE   reduced ferredoxin => 2 L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin.
HP   ULS00338; L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (ferredoxin route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.7.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00021.
//
ID   5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from CO(2): step 1/3.
AC   UER00692
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CO(2) + 1 methanofuran + 1 reduced acceptor => 1
DE   H(2)O + 1 N-formylmethanofuran + 1 acceptor.
HP   ULS00339; 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from CO(2).
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.99.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03015.
//
ID   5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from CO(2): step 2/3.
AC   UER00693
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 N-
DE   formylmethanofuran => 1 N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin +
DE   1 methanofuran.
HP   ULS00339; 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from CO(2).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.101.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03390.
//
ID   5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from CO(2): step 3/3.
AC   UER00694
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-
DE   tetrahydromethanopterin => 1 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-
DE   tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00339; 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from CO(2).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03464.
//
ID   5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (coenzyme F420 route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00695
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1,5-dihydro-coenzyme F(420) + 1 5,10-methenyl-
DE   5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin => 1 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-
DE   tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 coenzyme F420.
HP   ULS00340; 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (coenzyme F420 route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04456.
//
ID   5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (hydrogen route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00696
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1
DE   H(2) => 1 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 H(+).
HP   ULS00341; 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin from 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin (hydrogen route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.12.98.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04455.
//
ID   methyl-coenzyme M from 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin: step 1/2.
AC   UER00697
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1,5-dihydro-coenzyme F(420) + 1 5,10-methylene-
DE   5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin => 1 5-methyl-5,6,7,8-
DE   tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 coenzyme F420.
HP   ULS00342; methyl-coenzyme M from 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04464.
//
ID   methyl-coenzyme M from 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin: step 2/2.
AC   UER00698
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1
DE   coenzyme M => 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 methyl-coenzyme M.
HP   ULS00342; methyl-coenzyme M from 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.86.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04347.
//
ID   methane from methyl-coenzyme M: step 1/1.
AC   UER00699
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 coenzyme B + 1 methyl-coenzyme M => 1 coenzyme M-
DE   coenzyme B heterodisulfide + 1 methane.
HP   ULS00343; methane from methyl-coenzyme M.
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.4.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04541.
//
ID   coenzyme B and coenzyme M from coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide: step 1/1.
AC   UER00700
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide + 1
DE   dihydromethanophenazine => 1 coenzyme B + 1 coenzyme M + 1
DE   methanophenazine.
HP   ULS00344; coenzyme B and coenzyme M from coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide.
DR   ENZYME; 1.8.98.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04540.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route): step 1/5.
AC   UER00701
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 formaldehyde
DE   => 1 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00345; formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route).
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08058.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route): step 2/5.
AC   UER00702
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin +
DE   1 NADP(+) => 1 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1
DE   NADPH.
HP   ULS00345; formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08059.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route): step 3/5.
AC   UER00703
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1
DE   H(2)O => 1 H(+) + 1 N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.
HP   ULS00345; formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.27.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03464.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route): step 4/5.
AC   UER00704
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1
DE   methanofuran => 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + 1 N-
DE   formylmethanofuran.
HP   ULS00345; formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.101.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03390.
//
ID   formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route): step 5/5.
AC   UER00705
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-formylmethanofuran => 1 formate + 1
DE   methanofuran.
HP   ULS00345; formate from formaldehyde (H(4)MPT route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.99.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08060.
//
ID   uracil from cytosine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00635
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 cytosine => 1 NH(3) + 1 uracil.
HP   ULS00346; uracil from cytosine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00974.
//
ID   dinitrogen from nitrate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00706
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 nitrate + 1 reduced acceptor => 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   acceptor + 1 nitrite.
HP   ULS00347; dinitrogen from nitrate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.7.99.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00798.
//
ID   dinitrogen from nitrate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00707
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 ferrocytochrome c + 1 nitrite => 1 H(2)O
DE   + 1 ferricytochrome c + 1 nitric oxide.
HP   ULS00347; dinitrogen from nitrate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.7.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00783.
//
ID   dinitrogen from nitrate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00708
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide => 1
DE   H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + 1 nitrous oxide.
HP   ULS00347; dinitrogen from nitrate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.7.99.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00294.
//
ID   dinitrogen from nitrate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00709
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 ferrocytochrome c + 1 nitrous oxide => 1 H(2)O +
DE   2 cytochrome c + 1 dinitrogen.
HP   ULS00347; dinitrogen from nitrate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.7.99.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02804.
//
ID   acetyl-CoA from malonyl-CoA: step 1/1.
AC   UER00710
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 malonyl-CoA => 1 CO(2) + 1 acetyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00348; acetyl-CoA from malonyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00233.
//
ID   malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA: step 1/1.
AC   UER00711
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 bicarbonate => 1 ADP + 1
DE   malonyl-CoA + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00349; malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 6.4.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00742.
//
ID   heme A from heme O: step 1/1.
AC   UER00713
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 heme O => 1 heme A.
HP   ULS00350; heme A from heme O.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07412.
//
ID   D-tagatose 6-phosphate from D-galactose 6-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00714
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-galactose 6-phosphate => 1 D-tagatose 6-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00351; D-tagatose 6-phosphate from D-galactose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.26.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03240.
//
ID   isocitrate from oxaloacetate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00717
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 oxaloacetate => 1 CoA +
DE   1 citrate.
HP   ULS00352; isocitrate from oxaloacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00351.
//
ID   isocitrate from oxaloacetate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00718
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 citrate => 1 isocitrate.
HP   ULS00352; isocitrate from oxaloacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01325.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01900.
//
ID   (S)-malate from isocitrate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00719
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 isocitrate => 1 glyoxylate + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00353; (S)-malate from isocitrate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00479.
//
ID   (S)-malate from isocitrate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00720
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 glyoxylate => 1 (S)-
DE   malate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00353; (S)-malate from isocitrate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.3.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00472.
//
ID   oxaloacetate from (S)-malate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00721
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-malate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   oxaloacetate.
HP   ULS00354; oxaloacetate from (S)-malate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.37.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00342.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-tagatose 6-phosphate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00715
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-tagatose 6-phosphate => 1 ADP + 1 D-
DE   tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate.
HP   ULS00355; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-tagatose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.144.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03236.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-tagatose 6-phosphate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00716
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate => 1 D-glyceraldehyde
DE   3-phosphate + 1 glycerone phosphate.
HP   ULS00355; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-tagatose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.40.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01069.
//
ID   phenylacetate from L-phenylalanine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00722
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-phenylalanine => 1 2-phenylethylamine + 1
DE   CO(2).
HP   ULS00356; phenylacetate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.53.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00699.
//
ID   phenylacetate from L-phenylalanine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00723
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-phenylethylamine + 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) => 1
DE   H(2)O(2) + 1 NH(3) + 1 phenylacetaldehyde.
HP   ULS00356; phenylacetate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.3.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02613.
//
ID   phenylacetate from L-phenylalanine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00724
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 phenylacetaldehyde => 1 H(+)
DE   + 1 NADH + 1 phenylacetate.
HP   ULS00356; phenylacetate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.39.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02536.
//
ID   trans-cinnamate from L-phenylalanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00725
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-phenylalanine => 1 NH(3) + 1 trans-cinnamate.
HP   ULS00357; trans-cinnamate from L-phenylalanine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.1.24.
DR   PubMed; 17612622.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00697.
//
ID   kynurenate from L-kynurenine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00726
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-kynurenine => 1 4-(2-
DE   aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00358; kynurenate from L-kynurenine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.7.
DR   PubMed; 15364907.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01956.
//
ID   kynurenate from L-kynurenine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00727
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate => 1 H(2)O +
DE   1 kynurenate.
HP   ULS00358; kynurenate from L-kynurenine.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03445.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from phthalate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00728
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 phthalate => 1 NAD(+)
DE   + 1 cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,6-diene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.
HP   ULS00359; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from phthalate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03630.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from phthalate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00729
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,6-diene-
DE   1,2-dicarboxylic acid => 1 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00359; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from phthalate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.64.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05275.
//
ID   3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from phthalate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00730
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate => 1 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
DE   + 1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00359; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate from phthalate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.55.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01635.
//
ID   1,3-diaminopropane from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde: step 1/2.
AC   UER00731
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + 1 L-glutamate => 1
DE   2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-2,4-diaminobutanoate.
HP   ULS00360; 1,3-diaminopropane from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.76.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06977.
//
ID   1,3-diaminopropane from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde: step 2/2.
AC   UER00732
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-2,4-diaminobutanoate => 1 1,3-diaminopropane +
DE   1 CO(2).
HP   ULS00360; 1,3-diaminopropane from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.86.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07650.
//
ID   dopamine from L-tyrosine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00733
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-tyrosine + 1 O(2) => 1 H(2)O + 1 L-dopa.
HP   ULS00361; dopamine from L-tyrosine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.18.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00731.
//
ID   dopamine from L-tyrosine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00734
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-dopa => 1 CO(2) + 1 dopamine.
HP   ULS00361; dopamine from L-tyrosine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.28.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02080.
//
ID   (R)-noradrenaline from dopamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00735
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-ascorbate + 1 O(2) + 1 dopamine => 1 (R)-
DE   noradrenaline + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-dehydroascorbate.
HP   ULS00362; (R)-noradrenaline from dopamine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.17.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02535.
//
ID   (R)-adrenaline from (R)-noradrenaline: step 1/1.
AC   UER00736
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-noradrenaline + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine =>
DE   1 (R)-adrenaline + 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
HP   ULS00363; (R)-adrenaline from (R)-noradrenaline.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.28.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02533.
//
ID   phosphocholine from choline: step 1/1.
AC   UER00737
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 choline => 1 ADP + 1 phosphocholine.
HP   ULS00364; phosphocholine from choline.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.32.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01021.
//
ID   phosphocholine from phosphoethanolamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00738
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 phosphoethanolamine
DE   => 1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 phosphocholine.
HP   ULS00365; phosphocholine from phosphoethanolamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.103.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02037.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06868.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06869.
//
ID   phosphatidylcholine from phosphocholine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00739
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CTP + 1 phosphocholine => 1 CDP-choline + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00366; phosphatidylcholine from phosphocholine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01890.
//
ID   phosphatidylcholine from phosphocholine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00740
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + 1 CDP-choline => 1 CMP +
DE   1 phosphatidylcholine.
HP   ULS00366; phosphatidylcholine from phosphocholine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.8.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01321.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00741
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 ethanolamine => 1 ADP + 1
DE   phosphoethanolamine.
HP   ULS00367; phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.82.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01468.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00742
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CTP + 1 phosphoethanolamine => 1 CDP-ethanolamine
DE   + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00367; phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02038.
//
ID   phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00743
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + 1 CDP-ethanolamine => 1
DE   CMP + 1 phosphatidylethanolamine.
HP   ULS00367; phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.8.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02057.
//
ID   dhurrin from L-tyrosine: step 1/3.
AC   UER00744
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 L-tyrosine + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) => 1 (Z)-
DE   (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde oxime + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00368; dhurrin from L-tyrosine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.41.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00730.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04460.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07190.
//
ID   dhurrin from L-tyrosine: step 2/3.
AC   UER00745
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (Z)-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde oxime + 1 H(+)
DE   + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) => 1 (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile + 2 H(2)O + 1
DE   NADP(+).
HP   ULS00368; dhurrin from L-tyrosine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.68.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05728.
//
ID   dhurrin from L-tyrosine: step 3/3.
AC   UER00746
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile + 1 UDP-alpha-D-
DE   glucose => 1 UDP + 1 dhurrin.
HP   ULS00368; dhurrin from L-tyrosine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.1.85.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04296.
//
ID   AMP from 3',5'-cyclic AMP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00747
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3',5'-cyclic AMP + 1 H(2)O => 1 AMP.
HP   ULS00369; AMP from 3',5'-cyclic AMP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.4.17.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00191.
//
ID   GMP from 3',5'-cyclic GMP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00748
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3',5'-cyclic GMP + 1 H(2)O => 1 GMP.
HP   ULS00370; GMP from 3',5'-cyclic GMP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.4.35.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01234.
//
ID   5-valerolactone from cyclopentanol: step 1/2.
AC   UER00749
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 cyclopentanol => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   cyclopentanone.
HP   ULS00371; 5-valerolactone from cyclopentanol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.163.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02553.
//
ID   5-valerolactone from cyclopentanol: step 2/2.
AC   UER00750
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 cyclopentanone => 1
DE   5-valerolactone + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00371; 5-valerolactone from cyclopentanol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02554.
//
ID   lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00751
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 2 farnesyl diphosphate => 1
DE   NADP(+) + 1 diphosphate + 1 squalene.
HP   ULS00372; lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.21.
DR   PubMed; 11111077.
DR   PubMed; 12137537.
DR   PubMed; 10677224.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00702.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02872.
//
ID   lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00752
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 squalene => 1 (S)-
DE   2,3-epoxysqualene + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00372; lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.99.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02874.
//
ID   lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00753
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene => 1 lanosterol.
HP   ULS00372; lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.99.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03199.
//
ID   zymosterol from lanosterol: step 1/6.
AC   UER00754
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 3 H(+) + 3 NADPH + 3 O(2) + 1 lanosterol => 1 4,4-
DE   dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol + 4 H(2)O + 3 NADP(+)
DE   + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00373; zymosterol from lanosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.70.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05640.
//
ID   zymosterol from lanosterol: step 2/6.
AC   UER00755
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-
DE   ol + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 14-demethyllanosterol + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00373; zymosterol from lanosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.70.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05639.
//
ID   zymosterol from lanosterol: step 3/6.
AC   UER00756
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 14-demethyllanosterol + 3 H(+) + 3 NADPH + 3 O(2)
DE   => 1 4alpha-methylzymosterol-4-carboxylic acid + 4 H(2)O + 3 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00373; zymosterol from lanosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.72.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07509.
//
ID   zymosterol from lanosterol: step 4/6.
AC   UER00757
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4alpha-methylzymosterol-4-carboxylic acid + 1
DE   NADP(+) => 1 3-dehydro-4-methylzymosterol + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADPH.
HP   ULS00373; zymosterol from lanosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.170.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07494.
//
ID   zymosterol from lanosterol: step 5/6.
AC   UER00758
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-dehydro-4-methylzymosterol + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH
DE   => 1 4-alpha-methylzymosterol + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00373; zymosterol from lanosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.270.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07495.
//
ID   zymosterol from lanosterol: step 6/6.
AC   UER00759
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-alpha-methylzymosterol => 1 zymosterol.
HP   ULS00373; zymosterol from lanosterol.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07496.
//
ID   ergosterol from zymosterol: step 1/5.
AC   UER00760
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 zymosterol => 1 S-
DE   adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 fecosterol.
HP   ULS00374; ergosterol from zymosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.41.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04427.
//
ID   ergosterol from zymosterol: step 2/5.
AC   UER00761
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 fecosterol => 1 episterol.
HP   ULS00374; ergosterol from zymosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 5.-.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07497.
//
ID   ergosterol from zymosterol: step 3/5.
AC   UER00762
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NADP(+) + 1 episterol => 1 5,7,24(28)-
DE   ergostatrienol + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00374; ergosterol from zymosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.3.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07505.
//
ID   ergosterol from zymosterol: step 4/5.
AC   UER00763
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,7,24(28)-ergostatrienol + 1 NADP(+) => 1 H(+) +
DE   1 NADPH + 1 ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol.
HP   ULS00374; ergosterol from zymosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.14.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07506.
//
ID   ergosterol from zymosterol: step 5/5.
AC   UER00764
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-
DE   3beta-ol => 1 NADP(+) + 1 ergosterol.
HP   ULS00374; ergosterol from zymosterol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.71.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05641.
//
ID   dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone from D-arabinose: step 1/2.
AC   UER00765
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: D-arabinose + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] => D-arabinono-
DE   1,4-lactone + H(+) + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00375; dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone from D-arabinose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.117.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.116.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01574.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01575.
//
ID   dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone from D-arabinose: step 2/2.
AC   UER00766
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-arabinono-1,4-lactone + 1 O(2) => 1 H(2)O(2) +
DE   1 dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone.
HP   ULS00375; dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone from D-arabinose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.3.37.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02715.
//
ID   acetate from ethanol: step 1/2.
AC   UER00767
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 ethanol => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   acetaldehyde.
HP   ULS00376; acetate from ethanol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00754.
//
ID   acetate from ethanol: step 2/2.
AC   UER00768
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(2)O + acetaldehyde + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] => H(+)
DE   + acetate + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00376; acetate from ethanol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.3.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00710.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00711.
//
ID   D-glucose 6-phosphate and lysine from fructoselysine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00769
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 fructoselysine => 1 ADP + 1
DE   fructoselysine 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00377; D-glucose 6-phosphate and lysine from fructoselysine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 12147680.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08124.
//
ID   D-glucose 6-phosphate and lysine from fructoselysine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00770
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 fructoselysine 6-phosphate => 1 D-
DE   glucose 6-phosphate + 1 lysine.
HP   ULS00377; D-glucose 6-phosphate and lysine from fructoselysine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08125.
//
ID   UDP-alpha-D-xylose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00771
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate => 1 CO(2) + 1 UDP-alpha-
DE   D-xylose.
HP   ULS00378; UDP-alpha-D-xylose from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.35.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01384.
//
ID   UDP-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-xylose: step 1/1.
AC   UER00772
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 UDP-alpha-D-xylose => 1 UDP-L-arabinose.
HP   ULS00379; UDP-L-arabinose from UDP-alpha-D-xylose.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01473.
//
ID   all-trans-phytoene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00773
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate => 1 all-trans-
DE   phytoene + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00380; all-trans-phytoene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.32.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02065.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07270.
//
ID   capsanthin from antheraxanthin: step 1/1.
AC   UER00774
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 antheraxanthin => 1 capsanthin.
HP   ULS00381; capsanthin from antheraxanthin.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.99.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07321.
//
ID   capsorubin from violaxanthin: step 1/1.
AC   UER00775
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 violaxanthin => 1 capsorubin.
HP   ULS00382; capsorubin from violaxanthin.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.99.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07320.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate from dibenzofuran: step 1/3.
AC   UER00776
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 dibenzofuran => 1
DE   NAD(+) + 1 biphenyl-2,2',3-triol.
HP   ULS00383; 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate from dibenzofuran.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05434.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate from dibenzofuran: step 2/3.
AC   UER00777
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 biphenyl-2,2',3-triol => 1 2-hydroxy-6-
DE   (2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-oxo-cis,cis-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid.
HP   ULS00383; 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate from dibenzofuran.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05411.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate from dibenzofuran: step 3/3.
AC   UER00778
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-oxo-cis,cis-hexa-
DE   2,4-dienoic acid + 1 H(2)O => 1 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate + 1
DE   salicylate.
HP   ULS00383; 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate and salicylate from dibenzofuran.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05360.
//
ID   2-hydroxymuconate and catechol from dibenzo-p-dioxin: step 1/3.
AC   UER00779
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 dibenzo-p-dioxin => 1
DE   2,2',3-trihydroxy-diphenyl ether + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00384; 2-hydroxymuconate and catechol from dibenzo-p-dioxin.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05439.
//
ID   2-hydroxymuconate and catechol from dibenzo-p-dioxin: step 2/3.
AC   UER00780
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,2',3-trihydroxy-diphenyl ether + 1 O(2) => 1 2-
DE   hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)-6-oxo-cis,cis-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid.
HP   ULS00384; 2-hydroxymuconate and catechol from dibenzo-p-dioxin.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05413.
//
ID   2-hydroxymuconate and catechol from dibenzo-p-dioxin: step 3/3.
AC   UER00781
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)-6-oxo-cis,cis-
DE   hexa-2,4-dienoic acid + 1 H(2)O => 1 2-hydroxymuconate + 1 catechol.
HP   ULS00384; 2-hydroxymuconate and catechol from dibenzo-p-dioxin.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05361.
//
ID   D-sorbitol 6-phosphate from D-sorbitol: step 1/1.
AC   UER00782
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-sorbitol + 1 protein N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine
DE   => 1 D-sorbitol 6-phosphate + 1 protein histidine.
HP   ULS00385; D-sorbitol 6-phosphate from D-sorbitol.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.69.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05820.
//
ID   D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-sorbitol 6-phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00783
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-sorbitol 6-phosphate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 D-fructose
DE   6-phosphate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00386; D-fructose 6-phosphate from D-sorbitol 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.140.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07133.
//
ID   D-sorbitol from D-fructose and D-glucose: step 1/1.
AC   UER00784
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-fructose + 1 D-glucose => 1 D-glucono-1,5-
DE   lactone + 1 D-sorbitol.
HP   ULS00387; D-sorbitol from D-fructose and D-glucose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.99.28.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00874.
//
ID   D-gluconate from D-glucono-1,5-lactone: step 1/1.
AC   UER00785
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucono-1,5-lactone + 1 H(2)O => 1 D-gluconate.
HP   ULS00388; D-gluconate from D-glucono-1,5-lactone.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.1.17.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01519.
//
ID   histamine from L-histidine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00786
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-histidine => 1 CO(2) + 1 histamine.
HP   ULS00389; histamine from L-histidine.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.22.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01167.
//
ID   myo-inositol from D-glucose 6-phosphate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00787
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucose 6-phosphate => 1 1D-myo-inositol 3-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00390; myo-inositol from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.5.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07324.
//
ID   myo-inositol from D-glucose 6-phosphate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00788
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + 1 H(2)O => 1 myo-
DE   inositol + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00390; myo-inositol from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01187.
//
ID   trans-4-coumarate from trans-cinnamate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00789
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 trans-cinnamate => 1
DE   H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) + 1 trans-4-coumarate.
HP   ULS00391; trans-4-coumarate from trans-cinnamate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02253.
//
ID   nicotinate from nicotinamide: step 1/1.
AC   UER00790
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 nicotinamide => 1 NH(3) + 1 nicotinate.
HP   ULS00392; nicotinate from nicotinamide.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01268.
//
ID   heme O from protoheme: step 1/1.
AC   UER00712
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 farnesyl diphosphate + 1 protoheme => 1
DE   diphosphate + 1 heme O.
HP   ULS00393; heme O from protoheme.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07411.
//
ID   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate from 3-phenylpropanoate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00792
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-phenylpropanoate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) =>
DE   1 NAD(+) + 1 cis-3-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol.
HP   ULS00395; 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate from 3-phenylpropanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06782.
//
ID   3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate from 3-phenylpropanoate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00793
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 cis-3-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-
DE   cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol => 1 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate + 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00395; 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate from 3-phenylpropanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.n1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06784.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00794
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate + 1 O(2) => 1
DE   2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4-diene-1,9-dioate.
HP   ULS00396; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04376.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00795
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4-diene-1,9-dioate + 1
DE   H(2)O => 1 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00396; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.n1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02603.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00796
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate + 1 H(2)O => 1 4-
DE   hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate.
HP   ULS00396; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.80.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02601.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00797
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate => 1 acetaldehyde + 1
DE   pyruvate.
HP   ULS00396; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.39.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00750.
//
ID   serotonin from L-tryptophan: step 1/2.
AC   UER00799
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-tryptophan + 1 O(2) + 1 tetrahydrobiopterin =>
DE   1 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + 1 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan.
HP   ULS00398; serotonin from L-tryptophan.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.16.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07213.
//
ID   serotonin from L-tryptophan: step 2/2.
AC   UER00814
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan => 1 CO(2) + 1 serotonin.
HP   ULS00398; serotonin from L-tryptophan.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.28.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02701.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate from L-tartrate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00800
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-tartrate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 2-hydroxy-3-
DE   oxosuccinate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00399; 2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate from L-tartrate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.93.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06180.
//
ID   2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate from meso-tartrate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00801
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 meso-tartrate => 1 2-hydroxy-3-
DE   oxosuccinate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00400; 2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate from meso-tartrate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.93.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02545.
//
ID   D-glycerate from 2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00802
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate + H(+) + [NADH or NADPH]
DE   => CO(2) + D-glycerate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00401; D-glycerate from 2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.92.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01749.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01750.
//
ID   D-glycerate from L-tartrate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00803
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-tartrate => 1 CO(2) + 1 D-glycerate.
HP   ULS00402; D-glycerate from L-tartrate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.73.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01751.
//
ID   3-hydroxypyruvate from D-glycerate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00804
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: D-glycerate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] => 3-
DE   hydroxypyruvate + H(+) + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00403; 3-hydroxypyruvate from D-glycerate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.29.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.81.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01388.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01392.
//
ID   4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine and 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole from thiamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00805
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 thiamine => 1 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-
DE   2-methylpyrimidine + 1 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole + 1 H(+).
HP   ULS00404; 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine and 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole from thiamine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.99.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02133.
//
ID   taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol from geranylgeranyl diphosphate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00806
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 geranylgeranyl diphosphate => 1 diphosphate + 1
DE   taxa-4,11-diene.
HP   ULS00405; taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol from geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.17.
DR   PubMed; 8608134.
DR   PubMed; 10864451.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06305.
//
ID   taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol from geranylgeranyl diphosphate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00807
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 reduced acceptor + 1 taxa-4,11-diene =>
DE   1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor + 1 taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol.
HP   ULS00405; taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol from geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.99.37.
DR   PubMed; 15123267.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06306.
//
ID   10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III from taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol: step 1/3.
AC   UER00808
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol => 1
DE   CoA + 1 taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate.
HP   ULS00406; 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III from taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.162.
DR   PubMed; 10666320.
DR   PubMed; 15369823.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06307.
//
ID   10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III from taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol: step 2/3.
AC   UER00809
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 taxa-4(20),11-dien-
DE   5alpha-yl acetate => 1 10beta-hydroxytaxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl
DE   acetate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00406; 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III from taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.76.
DR   PubMed; 11171980.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06309.
//
ID   10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III from taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol: step 3/3.
AC   UER00817
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 10beta-hydroxytaxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl
DE   acetate => 1 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III.
HP   ULS00406; 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III from taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06319.
//
ID   baccatin III from 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III: step 1/2.
AC   UER00810
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III + 1 benzoyl-
DE   CoA => 1 10-deacetylbaccatin III + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00407; baccatin III from 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.166.
DR   PubMed; 11095755.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06310.
//
ID   baccatin III from 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III: step 2/2.
AC   UER00811
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 10-deacetylbaccatin III + 1 acetyl-CoA => 1 CoA +
DE   1 baccatin III.
HP   ULS00407; baccatin III from 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.167.
DR   PubMed; 17094009.
DR   PubMed; 10639122.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06311.
//
ID   taxol from baccatin III: step 1/3.
AC   UER00812
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 baccatin III + 1 beta-phenylalanoyl-CoA => 1 CoA
DE   + 1 N-(3'R)-debenzoyl-2'-deoxytaxol.
HP   ULS00408; taxol from baccatin III.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.2.-.
DR   PubMed; 16137660.
DR   PubMed; 12232048.
DR   PubMed; 12089320.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08172.
//
ID   taxol from baccatin III: step 2/3.
AC   UER00813
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-(3'R)-debenzoyl-2'-deoxytaxol + 1 O(2) + 1
DE   reduced acceptor => 1 3'-N-debenzoyltaxol + 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor.
HP   ULS00408; taxol from baccatin III.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.-.-.
DR   PubMed; 12089320.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08173.
//
ID   taxol from baccatin III: step 3/3.
AC   UER00053
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3'-N-debenzoyltaxol + 1 benzoyl-CoA => 1 CoA + 1
DE   taxol.
HP   ULS00408; taxol from baccatin III.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 12089320.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08171.
//
ID   melatonin from serotonin: step 1/2.
AC   UER00815
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 serotonin => 1 CoA + 1 N-
DE   acetylserotonin.
HP   ULS00409; melatonin from serotonin.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.87.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02911.
//
ID   melatonin from serotonin: step 2/2.
AC   UER00816
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-acetylserotonin + 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine =>
DE   1 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1 melatonin.
HP   ULS00409; melatonin from serotonin.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03130.
//
ID   7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate from GTP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00151
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GTP + 1 H(2)O => 1 7,8-dihydroneopterin
DE   triphosphate + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00410; 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate from GTP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.4.16.
DR   PubMed; 17032654.
DR   PubMed; 16169877.
DR   PubMed; 12559918.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00428.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04639.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05046.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05048.
//
ID   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate from 7,8-dihydrofolate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00158
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7,8-dihydrofolate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1
DE   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00411; 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate from 7,8-dihydrofolate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00939.
//
ID   7,8-dihydrofolate from folate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00818
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 folate => 1 7,8-dihydrofolate
DE   + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00412; 7,8-dihydrofolate from folate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02236.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00819
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate => 1 6-
DE   pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin + 1 triphosphate.
HP   ULS00413; tetrahydrobiopterin from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.12.
DR   PubMed; 10024455.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04286.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00820
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH =>
DE   1 6-lactoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00413; tetrahydrobiopterin from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.153.
DR   PubMed; 9405351.
DR   PubMed; 16527408.
DR   PubMed; 16510994.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04285.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00821
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-lactoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + 1 H(+) + 1
DE   NADPH => 1 NADP(+) + 1 tetrahydrobiopterin.
HP   ULS00413; tetrahydrobiopterin from 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.153.
DR   PubMed; 9405351.
DR   PubMed; 16527408.
DR   PubMed; 16510994.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01813.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from biopterin: step 1/1.
AC   UER00822
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 H(+) + 2 NADPH + 1 biopterin => 2 NADP(+) + 1
DE   tetrahydrobiopterin.
HP   ULS00414; tetrahydrobiopterin from biopterin.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.33.
DR   PubMed; 16055151.
DR   PubMed; 11373620.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01812.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin: step 1/5.
AC   UER00823
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: n H(2)O + 1 pectin => n methanol + 1 pectate.
HP   ULS00415; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02362.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin: step 2/5.
AC   UER00824
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 pectate => 1 4-(4-deoxy-alpha-D-gluc-4-
DE   enosyluronic acid)-D-galacturonic acid + 1 pectate(n-2).
HP   ULS00415; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.2.2.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin: step 3/5.
AC   UER00825
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-(4-deoxy-alpha-D-gluc-4-enosyluronic acid)-D-
DE   galacturonic acid => 2 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronic acid.
HP   ULS00415; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.2.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04382.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin: step 4/5.
AC   UER00826
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronic acid => 1 3-deoxy-
DE   D-glycero-hexo-2,5-diulosonate.
HP   ULS00415; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.17.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04383.
//
ID   2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin: step 5/5.
AC   UER00827
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-deoxy-D-glycero-hexo-2,5-diulosonate + 1 H(+) +
DE   1 NADH => 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00415; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate from pectin.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.127.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01542.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00828
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + 1 ATP => 1 2-
DE   dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconic acid + 1 ADP.
HP   ULS00416; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.45.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01541.
//
ID   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00829
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconic acid => 1
DE   D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 1 pyruvate.
HP   ULS00416; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate from 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05605.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00830
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acceptor + 1 glycolate => 1 glyoxylate + 1
DE   reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00417; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.3.15.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.99.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00476.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00831
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 glyoxylate => 1 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate + 1
DE   CO(2).
HP   ULS00417; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.47.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00013.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00832
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate + H(+) + [NADH or NADPH]
DE   => D-glycerate + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00417; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.60.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01745.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01747.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00833
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-glycerate => 1 3-phospho-D-glycerate +
DE   1 ADP.
HP   ULS00417; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01514.
//
ID   glycolate from 2-phosphoglycolate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00834
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-phosphoglycolate + 1 H(2)O => 1 glycolate + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00418; glycolate from 2-phosphoglycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01334.
//
ID   glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine: step 1/6.
AC   UER00835
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 H(+) + 1 L-lysine + 1 NADPH =>
DE   1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) + 1 saccharopine.
HP   ULS00419; glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00716.
//
ID   glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine: step 2/6.
AC   UER00836
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) + 1 saccharopine => 1 H(+) + 1
DE   L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdahyde + 1 L-glutamate + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00419; glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02313.
//
ID   glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine: step 3/6.
AC   UER00837
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(2)O + L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdahyde + [NAD(+)
DE   or NADP(+)] => H(+) + L-alpha-aminoadipate + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00419; glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03102.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03103.
//
ID   glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine: step 4/6.
AC   UER00838
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-alpha-aminoadipate => 1 2-
DE   oxoadipate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00419; glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.39.
DR   PubMed; 12126930.
DR   PubMed; 7493966.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01939.
//
ID   glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine: step 5/6.
AC   UER00839
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoadipate + 1 Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine => 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 S(8)-glutaryldihydrolipoamide.
HP   ULS00419; glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.4.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01940.
//
ID   glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine: step 6/6.
AC   UER00840
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CoA + 1 S(8)-glutaryldihydrolipoamide => 1 Enzyme
DE   N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + 1 glutaryl-CoA.
HP   ULS00419; glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.61.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02571.
//
ID   glutarate from L-lysine: step 1/6.
AC   UER00841
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-lysine + 1 acetyl phosphate => 1 N(6)-acetyl-L-
DE   lysine + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00420; glutarate from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.32.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01620.
//
ID   glutarate from L-lysine: step 2/6.
AC   UER00842
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 N(6)-acetyl-L-lysine => 1 6-
DE   acetamido-2-oxohexanoate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00420; glutarate from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04029.
//
ID   glutarate from L-lysine: step 3/6.
AC   UER00843
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-acetamido-2-oxohexanoate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+)
DE   => 1 5-acetamidopentanoate + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00420; glutarate from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04142.
//
ID   glutarate from L-lysine: step 4/6.
AC   UER00844
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-acetamidopentanoate + 1 H(2)O => 1 5-
DE   aminopentanoate + 1 acetate.
HP   ULS00420; glutarate from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.63.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02276.
//
ID   glutarate from L-lysine: step 5/6.
AC   UER00845
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 5-aminopentanoate => 1 5-
DE   oxopentanoate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00420; glutarate from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.48.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02274.
//
ID   glutarate from L-lysine: step 6/6.
AC   UER00846
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-oxopentanoate + 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) +
DE   1 NADH + 1 glutarate.
HP   ULS00420; glutarate from L-lysine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.20.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02401.
//
ID   2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate: step 1/5.
AC   UER00847
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 indoleglycerol phosphate => 1 D-glyceraldehyde 3-
DE   phosphate + 1 indole.
HP   ULS00421; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.2.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02340.
//
ID   2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate: step 2/5.
AC   UER00848
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 indole => 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   NADP(+) + 1 indolin-2-one.
HP   ULS00421; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07403.
//
ID   2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate: step 3/5.
AC   UER00849
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) + 1 indolin-2-one => 1 3-
DE   hydroxyindolin-2-one + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00421; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07421.
//
ID   2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate: step 4/5.
AC   UER00850
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1
DE   O(2) => 1 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00421; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07422.
//
ID   2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate: step 5/5.
AC   UER00851
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH
DE   + 1 O(2) => 1 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one + 1 H(2)O + 1
DE   NADP(+).
HP   ULS00421; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one from indoleglycerol phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07423.
//
ID   benzoate from (R)-mandelate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00852
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-mandelate => 1 (S)-mandelate.
HP   ULS00422; benzoate from (R)-mandelate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.2.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03791.
//
ID   benzoate from (R)-mandelate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00853
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-mandelate + 1 acceptor => 1 phenylglyoxylate
DE   + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00422; benzoate from (R)-mandelate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.99.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03793.
//
ID   benzoate from (R)-mandelate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00854
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 phenylglyoxylate => 1 CO(2) + 1 benzaldehyde.
HP   ULS00422; benzoate from (R)-mandelate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01764.
//
ID   benzoate from (R)-mandelate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00855
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(2)O + benzaldehyde + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)] => H(+)
DE   + benzoate + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00422; benzoate from (R)-mandelate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.28.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01419.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01420.
//
ID   tetrahydrobiopterin from dihydrobiopterin: step 1/1.
AC   UER00856
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(+) + dihydrobiopterin + [NADH or NADPH] =>
DE   tetrahydrobiopterin + [NAD(+) or NADP(+)].
HP   ULS00423; tetrahydrobiopterin from dihydrobiopterin.
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.1.34.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01793.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01794.
//
ID   4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate from L-leucine (aminotransferase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00857
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-leucine => 1 4-methyl-2-
DE   oxopentanoate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00424; 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate from L-leucine (aminotransferase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.42.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01090.
//
ID   4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate from L-leucine (dehydrogenase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00858
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 L-leucine + 1 NAD(+) => 1 4-methyl-2-
DE   oxopentanoate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00425; 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate from L-leucine (dehydrogenase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01088.
//
ID   3-isovaleryl-CoA from 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00859
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + 1 CoA + 1 NAD(+) => 1
DE   3-isovaleryl-CoA + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00426; 3-isovaleryl-CoA from 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.25.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01651.
//
ID   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from 3-isovaleryl-CoA: step 1/3.
AC   UER00860
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-isovaleryl-CoA + 1 FAD => 1 3-methylcrotonyl-
DE   CoA + 1 FADH2.
HP   ULS00427; (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from 3-isovaleryl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.99.10.
DR   PubMed; 10380813.
DR   PubMed; 11231285.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04095.
//
ID   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from 3-isovaleryl-CoA: step 2/3.
AC   UER00861
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA + 1 ATP + 1 bicarbonate => 1
DE   3-methylglutaconyl-CoA + 1 ADP + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00427; (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from 3-isovaleryl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 6.4.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04138.
//
ID   (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from 3-isovaleryl-CoA: step 3/3.
AC   UER00862
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA + 1 H(2)O => 1 (S)-3-
DE   hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA.
HP   ULS00427; (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA from 3-isovaleryl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02085.
//
ID   (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one from (4R)-limonene: step 1/3.
AC   UER00864
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (4R)-limonene + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) => 1
DE   (4R)-limonene 1,2-epoxide + 1 H(2)O + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00428; (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one from (4R)-limonene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06398.
//
ID   (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one from (4R)-limonene: step 2/3.
AC   UER00865
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (4R)-limonene 1,2-epoxide + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   (1S,2S,4R)-limonene-1,2-diol.
HP   ULS00428; (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one from (4R)-limonene.
DR   ENZYME; 3.3.2.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05784.
//
ID   (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one from (4R)-limonene: step 3/3.
AC   UER00866
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (1S,2S,4R)-limonene-1,2-diol + 1 NAD(+) => 1
DE   (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00428; (1S,4R)-1-hydroxylimonen-2-one from (4R)-limonene.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06399.
//
ID   (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone from (4R)-limonene: step 1/3.
AC   UER00867
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (4R)-limonene + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH + 1 O(2) => 1
DE   (4S,6R)-trans-carveol + 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00429; (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone from (4R)-limonene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.13.80.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06119.
//
ID   (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone from (4R)-limonene: step 2/3.
AC   UER00868
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (4S,6R)-trans-carveol + 1 NAD(+) => 1 (S)-carvone
DE   + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00429; (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone from (4R)-limonene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.275.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06117.
//
ID   (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone from (4R)-limonene: step 3/3.
AC   UER00869
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-carvone + 1 reduced acceptor => 1 (1R,4S)-
DE   isodihydrocarvone + 1 acceptor.
HP   ULS00429; (1R,4S)-isodihydrocarvone from (4R)-limonene.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.-.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06372.
//
ID   formaldehyde from methylamine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00870
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor + 1 methylamine => 1 NH(3) + 1
DE   formaldehyde + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00430; formaldehyde from methylamine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.99.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00606.
//
ID   acetoacetate from (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA: step 1/1.
AC   UER00863
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA => 1
DE   acetoacetate + 1 acetyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00431; acetoacetate from (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01360.
//
ID   S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (hydrolase route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00871
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine => 1 5-
DE   methylthio-alpha-D-ribose + 1 adenine.
HP   ULS00432; S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (hydrolase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.2.2.9.
DR   ENZYME; 3.2.2.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01401.
//
ID   S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (hydrolase route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00872
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-methylthio-alpha-D-ribose + 1 ATP => 1 ADP + 1
DE   S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
HP   ULS00432; S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (hydrolase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.100.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04143.
//
ID   S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (phosphorylase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00873
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + 1 phosphate => 1 S-
DE   methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate + 1 adenine.
HP   ULS00433; S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (phosphorylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.28.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01402.
//
ID   L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 1/6.
AC   UER00874
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate => 1
DE   S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate.
HP   ULS00434; L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.1.23.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04420.
//
ID   L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 2/6.
AC   UER00875
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate => 1 5-
DE   (methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00434; L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.109.
DR   PubMed; 11371200.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07392.
//
ID   L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 3/6.
AC   UER00876
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate => 1 2-
DE   hydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-3-oxopent-1-enyl phosphate.
HP   ULS00434; L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.2.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07393.
//
ID   L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 4/6.
AC   UER00877
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-3-oxopent-1-enyl
DE   phosphate + 1 H(2)O => 1 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one +
DE   1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00434; L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07394.
//
ID   L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 5/6.
AC   UER00878
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + 1
DE   O(2) => 1 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00434; L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.54.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07364.
//
ID   L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate: step 6/6.
AC   UER00879
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate + 1 L-glutamate => 1
DE   2-oxoglutarate + 1 L-methionine.
HP   ULS00434; L-methionine from S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07396.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate from putrescine: step 1/4.
AC   UER00880
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-glutamate + 1 putrescine => 1 ADP + 1
DE   gamma-L-glutamylputrescine + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00435; 4-aminobutanoate from putrescine.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07414.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate from putrescine: step 2/4.
AC   UER00881
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) + 1 gamma-L-glutamylputrescine =>
DE   1 H(2)O(2) + 1 NH(3) + 1 gamma-glutamyl-4-aminobutanal.
HP   ULS00435; 4-aminobutanoate from putrescine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.4.3.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07415.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate from putrescine: step 3/4.
AC   UER00882
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(2)O + gamma-glutamyl-4-aminobutanal + [NAD(+) or
DE   NADP(+)] => 4-(L-gamma-glutamylamino)butanoic acid + H(+) + [NADH or
DE   NADPH].
HP   ULS00435; 4-aminobutanoate from putrescine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07417.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07418.
//
ID   4-aminobutanoate from putrescine: step 4/4.
AC   UER00883
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-(L-gamma-glutamylamino)butanoic acid + 1 H(2)O
DE   => 1 4-aminobutanoate + 1 L-glutamate.
HP   ULS00435; 4-aminobutanoate from putrescine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.94.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07419.
//
ID   ppGpp from GTP: step 1/2.
AC   UER00884
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 GTP => 1 AMP + 1 guanosine 3'-diphosphate
DE   5'-triphosphate.
HP   ULS00436; ppGpp from GTP.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.6.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00429.
//
ID   ppGpp from GTP: step 2/2.
AC   UER00885
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-
DE   triphosphate => 1 phosphate + 1 ppGpp.
HP   ULS00436; ppGpp from GTP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.6.1.40.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03409.
//
ID   ppGpp from GDP: step 1/1.
AC   UER00886
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GDP + 1 diphosphate => 1 H(2)O + 1 ppGpp.
HP   ULS00437; ppGpp from GDP.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.7.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00336.
//
ID   GMP from guanine: step 1/1.
AC   UER00887
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   guanine => 1 GMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00438; GMP from guanine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.8.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01229.
//
ID   D-ribose 5-phosphate from beta-D-ribopyranose: step 1/2.
AC   UER00888
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 beta-D-ribopyranose => 1 D-ribose.
HP   ULS00439; D-ribose 5-phosphate from beta-D-ribopyranose.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.99.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08247.
//
ID   D-ribose 5-phosphate from beta-D-ribopyranose: step 2/2.
AC   UER00889
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-ribose => 1 ADP + 1 D-ribose 5-
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00439; D-ribose 5-phosphate from beta-D-ribopyranose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01051.
//
ID   nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate and nicotinamide: step 1/1.
AC   UER00890
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   nicotinamide => 1 diphosphate + 1 nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide.
HP   ULS00440; nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide from 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate and nicotinamide.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01271.
//
ID   formate from pyruvate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00891
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CoA + 1 pyruvate => 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 formate.
HP   ULS00441; formate from pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.54.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00212.
//
ID   stachyose from raffinose: step 1/1.
AC   UER00892
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 1-alpha-D-galactosyl-myo-inositol + 1 raffinose
DE   => 1 myo-inositol + 1 stachyose.
HP   ULS00442; stachyose from raffinose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.1.67.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03418.
//
ID   formaldehyde from methanol: step 1/1.
AC   UER00893
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 methanol => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1
DE   formaldehyde.
HP   ULS00443; formaldehyde from methanol.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.244.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00605.
//
ID   acetoacetyl-CoA from succinyl-CoA: step 1/1.
AC   UER00894
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetoacetate + 1 succinyl-CoA => 1 acetoacetyl-
DE   CoA + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00444; acetoacetyl-CoA from succinyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.3.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00410.
//
ID   L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) from L-serine and tRNA(Sec): step 1/1.
AC   UER00895
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-serine + 1 tRNA(Sec) => 1 AMP + 1 L-
DE   seryl-tRNA(Sec) + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00445; L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) from L-serine and tRNA(Sec).
DR   ENZYME; 6.1.1.11.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08218.
//
ID   selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (archaeal/eukaryal route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00897
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) => 1 ADP + 1 O-
DE   phosphoseryl-tRNA(Sec).
HP   ULS00446; selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (archaeal/eukaryal route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08223.
//
ID   selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (archaeal/eukaryal route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00898
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 O-phosphoseryl-tRNA(Sec) + 1
DE   selenophosphate => 2 phosphate + 1 selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec).
HP   ULS00446; selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (archaeal/eukaryal route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.9.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08224.
//
ID   selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (bacterial route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00896
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) + 1 selenophosphate => 1
DE   phosphate + 1 selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec).
HP   ULS00447; selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) from L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) (bacterial route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.9.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08219.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxyribulos-1-ylamino)methylideneamino]-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide: step 1/1.
AC   UER00899
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxyribulos-1-
DE   ylamino)methylideneamino]-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide
DE   + 1 L-glutamine => 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-
DE   carboxamide + 1 D-erythro-1-(imidazol-4-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate + 1 L-
DE   glutamate.
HP   ULS00448; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxyribulos-1-ylamino)methylideneamino]-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.-.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.-.
DR   PubMed; 1183930.
DR   PubMed; 15363855.
DR   PubMed; 11264293.
DR   PubMed; 12795595.
DR   PubMed; 16142895.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04558.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate: step 1/7.
AC   UER00901
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 p-cumate => 1 NAD(+) +
DE   1 cis-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-p-cumic acid.
HP   ULS00449; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05247.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate: step 2/7.
AC   UER00902
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 cis-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-p-cumic
DE   acid => 1 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumic acid + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00449; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.58.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05240.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate: step 3/7.
AC   UER00903
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumic acid + 1 O(2) => 1 2-
DE   hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoic acid.
HP   ULS00449; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.13.11.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05248.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate: step 4/7.
AC   UER00904
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-
DE   dienoic acid => 1 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoic acid + 1
DE   CO(2).
HP   ULS00449; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05377.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate: step 5/7.
AC   UER00905
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoic acid + 1
DE   H(2)O => 1 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate + 1 2-methylpropanoate.
HP   ULS00449; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.-.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05364.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate: step 6/7.
AC   UER00906
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoate + 1 H(2)O => 1 4-
DE   hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate.
HP   ULS00449; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.80.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02601.
//
ID   acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate: step 7/7.
AC   UER00907
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate => 1 acetaldehyde + 1
DE   pyruvate.
HP   ULS00449; acetaldehyde and pyruvate from p-cumate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.39.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00750.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from propanoyl-CoA: step 1/3.
AC   UER00908
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 bicarbonate + 1 propanoyl-CoA => 1 (S)-
DE   methylmalonyl-CoA + 1 ADP + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00450; succinyl-CoA from propanoyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 6.4.1.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01859.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from propanoyl-CoA: step 2/3.
AC   UER00909
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA => 1 (R)-methylmalonyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00450; succinyl-CoA from propanoyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.99.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02765.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from propanoyl-CoA: step 3/3.
AC   UER00910
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (R)-methylmalonyl-CoA => 1 succinyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00450; succinyl-CoA from propanoyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.99.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00833.
//
ID   glycine from 2-phosphoglycolate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00911
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-phosphoglycolate + 1 H(2)O => 1 glycolate + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00451; glycine from 2-phosphoglycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01334.
//
ID   glycine from 2-phosphoglycolate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00912
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 O(2) + 1 glycolate => 1 H(2)O(2) + 1 glyoxylate.
HP   ULS00451; glycine from 2-phosphoglycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.3.15.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00475.
//
ID   glycine from 2-phosphoglycolate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00913
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 glyoxylate => 1 2-oxoglutarate +
DE   1 glycine.
HP   ULS00451; glycine from 2-phosphoglycolate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00372.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine: step 1/4.
AC   UER00914
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,10-methylene-THF + 1 H(2)O + 1 glycine => 1
DE   5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 L-serine.
HP   ULS00452; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00945.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine: step 2/4.
AC   UER00915
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-serine + 1 pyruvate => 1 3-hydroxypyruvate + 1
DE   L-alanine.
HP   ULS00452; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.51.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00585.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine: step 3/4.
AC   UER00916
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 3-hydroxypyruvate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH => 1 D-
DE   glycerate + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00452; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.29.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01388.
//
ID   3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine: step 4/4.
AC   UER00917
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 D-glycerate => 1 3-phospho-D-glycerate +
DE   1 ADP.
HP   ULS00452; 3-phospho-D-glycerate from glycine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.31.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01514.
//
ID   6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (S-isomer route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00487
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 acceptor + 1 nicotine => 1 (S)-6-
DE   hydroxynicotine + 1 reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00453; 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (S-isomer route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.99.4.
DR   PubMed; 7815950.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02860.
//
ID   6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (S-isomer route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00919
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + 1 H(2)O + 1 O(2) => 1 6-
DE   hydroxypseudooxynicotine + 1 H(2)O(2).
HP   ULS00453; 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine from nicotine (S-isomer route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.5.3.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03202.
//
ID   2,6-dihydroxypyridine and 4-(methylamino)butanoate from 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine: step 1/2.
AC   UER00489
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + 1 O(2) => 2 2,6-
DE   dihydroxypseudooxynicotine.
HP   ULS00454; 2,6-dihydroxypyridine and 4-(methylamino)butanoate from 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.18.-.
DR   PubMed; 11514508.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07514.
//
ID   2,6-dihydroxypyridine and 4-(methylamino)butanoate from 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine: step 2/2.
AC   UER00490
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2,6-dihydroxypseudooxynicotine + 1 H(2)O => 1
DE   2,6-dihydroxypyridine + 1 4-(methylamino)butanoate.
HP   ULS00454; 2,6-dihydroxypyridine and 4-(methylamino)butanoate from 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine.
DR   ENZYME; 3.7.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 11514508.
DR   PubMed; 16321959.
DR   PubMed; 17275835.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07515.
//
ID   2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00921
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucose 6-phosphate => 1 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose
DE   + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00455; 2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.-.
DR   PubMed; 17879343.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08617.
//
ID   2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00922
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose + 1 L-glutamine => 1 1-
DE   amino-1,2-dideoxy-scyllo-inositol + 1 2-oxoglutaramate.
HP   ULS00455; 2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.-.
//
ID   2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00923
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1-amino-1,2-dideoxy-scyllo-inositol + [NAD(+) or
DE   NADP(+)] => 5-amino-2,3,4-trihydroxycyclohexanone + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00455; 2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.-.
//
ID   2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00924
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-2,3,4-trihydroxycyclohexanone + 1 L-
DE   glutamine => 1 2-deoxystreptamine + 1 2-oxoglutaramate.
HP   ULS00455; 2-deoxystreptamine from D-glucose 6-phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.-.
//
ID   (4S)-limonene from geranyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00925
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 geranyl diphosphate => 1 (4S)-limonene + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00456; (4S)-limonene from geranyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02013.
//
ID   (4R)-limonene from geranyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00926
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 geranyl diphosphate => 1 (4R)-limonene + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00457; (4R)-limonene from geranyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R06120.
//
ID   (-)-alpha-pinene from geranyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00927
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 geranyl diphosphate => 1 (-)-alpha-pinene + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00458; (-)-alpha-pinene from geranyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05765.
//
ID   (-)-beta-pinene from geranyl diphosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00928
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 geranyl diphosphate => 1 (-)-beta-pinene + 1
DE   diphosphate.
HP   ULS00459; (-)-beta-pinene from geranyl diphosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.3.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05766.
//
ID   FMN from riboflavin (CTP route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00929
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CTP + 1 riboflavin => 1 CDP + 1 FMN.
HP   ULS00460; FMN from riboflavin (CTP route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.1.161.
DR   PubMed; 18245297.
DR   PubMed; 18073108.
//
ID   GDP-alpha-D-mannose from alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate (GTP route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00930
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GTP + 1 alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate => 1 GDP-
DE   alpha-D-mannose + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00462; GDP-alpha-D-mannose from alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate (GTP route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.13.
DR   PubMed; 19011088.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00885.
//
ID   GDP-alpha-D-mannose from alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate (GDP route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00425
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GDP + 1 alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate => 1 GDP-
DE   alpha-D-mannose + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00463; GDP-alpha-D-mannose from alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate (GDP route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.22.
DR   PubMed; 18037674.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00883.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 1/5.
AC   UER00931
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GDP-alpha-D-mannose => 1 GDP-L-galactose.
HP   ULS00464; L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 5.1.3.18.
DR   PubMed; 16366586.
DR   PubMed; 16413588.
DR   PubMed; 11752432.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07672.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07673.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 2/5.
AC   UER00932
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 GDP-L-galactose + 1 phosphate => 1 GDP + 1 beta-
DE   L-galactose 1-phosphate.
HP   ULS00464; L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.7.-.
DR   PubMed; 18516687.
DR   PubMed; 17877701.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07678.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 3/5.
AC   UER00933
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate => 1
DE   alpha-L-galactose + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00464; L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.-.
DR   PubMed; 16595667.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07674.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 4/5.
AC   UER00934
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 alpha-L-galactose => 1 H(+) + 1 L-
DE   Galactono-1,4-lactone + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00464; L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 12047629.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07675.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 5/5.
AC   UER00935
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-Galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c =>
DE   2 H(+) + 1 L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
HP   ULS00464; L-ascorbate from GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.2.3.
DR   PubMed; 9374475.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00640.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 1/4.
AC   UER00936
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate => 1 D-
DE   glucuronate + 1 UDP.
HP   ULS00465; L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   PubMed; 16689937.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 2/4.
AC   UER00937
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-glucuronate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH => 1 L-gulonate
DE   + 1 NADP(+).
HP   ULS00465; L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.19.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01481.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 3/4.
AC   UER00938
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-gulonate => 1 H(2)O + 1 L-gulono-1,4-lactone.
HP   ULS00465; L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.1.17.
DR   PubMed; 16585534.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02933.
//
ID   L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate: step 4/4.
AC   UER00939
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-gulono-1,4-lactone + 1 O(2) => 1 H(2)O(2) + 1
DE   L-ascorbate.
HP   ULS00465; L-ascorbate from UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.3.8.
DR   PubMed; 17317254.
DR   PubMed; 1962571.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00647.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03184.
//
ID   phosphatidylcholine from choline: step 1/1.
AC   UER00940
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 CDP-diacylglycerol + 1 choline => 1 CMP + 1
DE   phosphatidylcholine.
HP   ULS00466; phosphatidylcholine from choline.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.8.24.
DR   KEGG; rn:R05794.
//
ID   CO(2) and NH(3) from carbamoyl phosphate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00366
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ADP + 1 carbamoyl phosphate => 1 ATP + 1 CO(2) +
DE   1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00467; CO(2) and NH(3) from carbamoyl phosphate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.7.2.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00150.
//
ID   putrescine from N-carbamoylputrescine (amidase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00286
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 N-carbamoylputrescine => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   NH(3) + 1 putrescine.
HP   ULS00468; putrescine from N-carbamoylputrescine (amidase route).
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.1.53.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01152.
//
ID   putrescine from N-carbamoylputrescine (transferase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00941
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-carbamoylputrescine + 1 phosphate => 1
DE   carbamoyl phosphate + 1 putrescine.
HP   ULS00469; putrescine from N-carbamoylputrescine (transferase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.3.6.
DR   PubMed; 116850.
DR   PubMed; 17028272.
DR   PubMed; 4621632.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01399.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole from N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide: step 1/2.
AC   UER00128
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-glutamine + 1 N(2)-formyl-
DE   N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide => 1 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-
DE   phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + 1 ADP + 1 L-glutamate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00470; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole from N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04463.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole from N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide: step 2/2.
AC   UER00129
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine
DE   + 1 ATP => 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + 1 ADP + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00470; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole from N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04208.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (carboxylase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00130
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + 1
DE   CO(2) => 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate.
HP   ULS00471; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (carboxylase route).
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.21.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04209.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (N5-CAIR route): step 1/2.
AC   UER00942
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + 1 ATP
DE   + 1 bicarbonate => 1 5-carboxyamino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole +
DE   1 ADP + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00472; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (N5-CAIR route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.4.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07404.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (N5-CAIR route): step 2/2.
AC   UER00943
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-carboxyamino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole
DE   => 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate.
HP   ULS00472; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole (N5-CAIR route).
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.99.18.
DR   PubMed; 10574791.
DR   PubMed; 1534690.
DR   PubMed; 10074353.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07405.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00131
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-
DE   carboxylate + 1 ATP + 1 L-aspartate => 1 (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-
DE   beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinic acid + 1 ADP + 1
DE   phosphate.
HP   ULS00473; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.2.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04591.
//
ID   5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00132
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-
DE   ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinic acid => 1 5-amino-1-(5-
DE   phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide + 1 fumarate.
HP   ULS00473; 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.3.2.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04559.
//
ID   8-amino-7-oxononanoate from pimeloyl-CoA: step 1/1.
AC   UER00159
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-alanine + 1 pimeloyl-CoA => 1 8-amino-7-
DE   oxononanoate + 1 CO(2) + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00474; 8-amino-7-oxononanoate from pimeloyl-CoA.
DR   ENZYME; 2.3.1.47.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03210.
//
ID   7,8-diaminononanoate from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (SAM route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00160
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 8-amino-7-oxononanoate + 1 S-adenosyl-L-
DE   methionine => 1 7,8-diaminononanoate + 1 S-adenosyl-4-methylthio-2-
DE   oxobutanoic acid.
HP   ULS00475; 7,8-diaminononanoate from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (SAM route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.62.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03231.
//
ID   7,8-diaminononanoate from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (Lys route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00944
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 8-amino-7-oxononanoate + 1 L-lysine => 1 7,8-
DE   diaminononanoate + 1 L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdahyde.
HP   ULS00476; 7,8-diaminononanoate from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (Lys route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.-.
DR   PubMed; 15880481.
//
ID   biotin from 7,8-diaminononanoate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00161
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 7,8-diaminononanoate + 1 ATP + 1 CO(2) => 1 ADP +
DE   1 dethiobiotin + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00477; biotin from 7,8-diaminononanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.3.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03182.
//
ID   biotin from 7,8-diaminononanoate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00162
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 H(+) + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1 dethiobiotin
DE   + 2 e- + 1 sulfur donor => 2 5'-deoxyadenosine + 2 L-methionine + 1
DE   biotin.
HP   ULS00477; biotin from 7,8-diaminononanoate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.1.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01078.
//
ID   (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate: step 1/3.
AC   UER00115
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 ATP + 1 H(2)O + 1 L-glutamine + 1 bicarbonate =>
DE   2 ADP + 1 L-glutamate + 1 carbamoyl phosphate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00478; (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.5.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00575.
//
ID   (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate: step 2/3.
AC   UER00116
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-aspartate + 1 carbamoyl phosphate => 1 N-
DE   carbamoyl-L-aspartate + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00478; (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.3.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01397.
//
ID   (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate: step 3/3.
AC   UER00117
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate => 1 (S)-dihydroorotate +
DE   1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00478; (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01993.
//
ID   orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (O2 route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00118
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-dihydroorotate + 1 fumarate => 1 orotate + 1
DE   succinate.
HP   ULS00479; orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (O2 route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.3.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01867.
//
ID   orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (NAD(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00945
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-dihydroorotate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 H(+) + 1 NADH
DE   + 1 orotate.
HP   ULS00480; orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (NAD(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.14.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01869.
//
ID   orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (quinone route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00946
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-dihydroorotate + 1 Quinone => 1 Hydroquinone
DE   + 1 orotate.
HP   ULS00481; orotate from (S)-dihydroorotate (quinone route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.5.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01868.
//
ID   UMP from orotate: step 1/2.
AC   UER00119
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 1
DE   orotate => 1 diphosphate + 1 orotidine 5'-phosphate.
HP   ULS00482; UMP from orotate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.2.10.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01870.
//
ID   UMP from orotate: step 2/2.
AC   UER00120
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 orotidine 5'-phosphate => 1 CO(2) + 1 UMP.
HP   ULS00482; UMP from orotate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.23.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00965.
//
ID   (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate from prephenate (NAD(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00961
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 prephenate => 1 (4-
DE   hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00483; (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate from prephenate (NAD(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.12.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01728.
//
ID   (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate from prephenate (NADP(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00962
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NADP(+) + 1 prephenate => 1 (4-
DE   hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00484; (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate from prephenate (NADP(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.13.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01730.
//
ID   L-tyrosine from (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate: step 1/1.
AC   UER00350
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + 1 L-glutamate => 1 2-
DE   oxoglutarate + 1 L-tyrosine.
HP   ULS00485; L-tyrosine from (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.57.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00734.
//
ID   L-tyrosine from L-arogenate (NAD(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00959
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arogenate + 1 NAD(+) => 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 L-
DE   tyrosine + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00486; L-tyrosine from L-arogenate (NAD(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.43.
DR   PubMed; 16615917.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00732.
//
ID   L-tyrosine from L-arogenate (NADP(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00960
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-arogenate + 1 NADP(+) => 1 CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1
DE   L-tyrosine + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00487; L-tyrosine from L-arogenate (NADP(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.1.78.
DR   PubMed; 12354100.
DR   PubMed; 15171683.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00733.
//
ID   2-oxoglutarate from isocitrate (NADP(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00995
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NADP(+) + 1 isocitrate => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00488; 2-oxoglutarate from isocitrate (NADP(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.42.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00267.
//
ID   2-oxoglutarate from isocitrate (NAD(+) route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00996
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 NAD(+) + 1 isocitrate => 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH.
HP   ULS00489; 2-oxoglutarate from isocitrate (NAD(+) route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.41.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00709.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from 2-oxoglutarate (dehydrogenase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00997
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 CoA + 1 NAD(+) => 1 CO(2) + 1
DE   H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 succinyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00490; succinyl-CoA from 2-oxoglutarate (dehydrogenase route).
DR   KEGG; rn:R08549.
//
ID   succinyl-CoA from 2-oxoglutarate (synthase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00998
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate + 1 CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin =>
DE   1 CO(2) + 2 H(+) + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 1 succinyl-CoA.
HP   ULS00491; succinyl-CoA from 2-oxoglutarate (synthase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.7.3.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01197.
//
ID   succinate from succinyl-CoA (ligase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER00999
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ADP + 1 phosphate + 1 succinyl-CoA => 1 ATP + 1
DE   CoA + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00492; succinate from succinyl-CoA (ligase route).
DR   ENZYME; 6.2.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00405.
//
ID   succinate from succinyl-CoA (transferase route): step 1/1.
AC   UER01000
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acetoacetate + 1 succinyl-CoA => 1 acetoacetyl-
DE   CoA + 1 succinate.
HP   ULS00493; succinate from succinyl-CoA (transferase route).
DR   ENZYME; 2.8.3.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00410.
//
ID   succinate from 2-oxoglutarate (transferase route): step 1/2.
AC   UER01001
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-oxoglutarate => 1 CO(2) + 1 succinate
DE   semialdehyde.
HP   ULS00494; succinate from 2-oxoglutarate (transferase route).
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.1.71.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00272.
//
ID   succinate from 2-oxoglutarate (transferase route): step 2/2.
AC   UER01002
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: H(2)O + succinate semialdehyde + [NAD(+) or
DE   NADP(+)] => H(+) + succinate + [NADH or NADPH].
HP   ULS00494; succinate from 2-oxoglutarate (transferase route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.2.1.16.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00713.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00714.
//
ID   fumarate from succinate (bacterial route): step 1/1.
AC   UER01005
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 acceptor + 1 succinate => 1 fumarate + 1 reduced
DE   acceptor.
HP   ULS00495; fumarate from succinate (bacterial route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.99.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00412.
//
ID   fumarate from succinate (eukaryal route): step 1/1.
AC   UER01006
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 succinate + 1 ubiquinone => 1 fumarate + 1
DE   ubiquinol.
HP   ULS00496; fumarate from succinate (eukaryal route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.5.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R02164.
//
ID   (S)-malate from fumarate: step 1/1.
AC   UER01007
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 fumarate => 1 (S)-malate.
HP   ULS00497; (S)-malate from fumarate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01082.
//
ID   oxaloacetate from (S)-malate (quinone route): step 1/1.
AC   UER01008
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (S)-malate + 1 acceptor => 1 oxaloacetate + 1
DE   reduced acceptor.
HP   ULS00498; oxaloacetate from (S)-malate (quinone route).
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.5.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00361.
//
ID   riboflavin from 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate and 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil: step 1/2.
AC   UER00404
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate + 1 5-amino-6-(D-
DE   ribitylamino)uracil => 1 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine + 2
DE   H(2)O + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00499; riboflavin from 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate and 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.78.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04457.
//
ID   riboflavin from 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate and 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil: step 2/2.
AC   UER00405
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 2 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine => 1 5-
DE   amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil + 1 riboflavin.
HP   ULS00499; riboflavin from 2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate and 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil.
DR   ENZYME; 2.5.1.9.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00066.
//
ID   beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside from D-fructose 6-phosphate and GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 1/2.
AC   UER01009
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 D-fructose 6-phosphate + 1 GDP-alpha-D-mannose =>
DE   1 GDP + 1 beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside 6-phosphate.
HP   ULS00500; beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside from D-fructose 6-phosphate and GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 2.4.1.246.
DR   PubMed; 17728402.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08947.
//
ID   beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside from D-fructose 6-phosphate and GDP-alpha-D-mannose: step 2/2.
AC   UER01010
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-
DE   mannopyranoside 6-phosphate => 1 beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-
DE   mannopyranoside + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00500; beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside from D-fructose 6-phosphate and GDP-alpha-D-mannose.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.3.79.
DR   PubMed; 17728402.
DR   KEGG; rn:R08982.
//
ID   6-hydroxynicotinate from nicotinate: step 1/1.
AC   UER01011
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 NADP(+) + 1 nicotinate => 1 6-
DE   hydroxynicotinate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADPH.
HP   ULS00501; 6-hydroxynicotinate from nicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.17.1.5.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01720.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 1/8.
AC   UER01012
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-hydroxynicotinate + 1 reduced ferredoxin => 1
DE   6-hydroxynicotinate + 1 oxidized ferredoxin.
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.3.7.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03164.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 2/8.
AC   UER01013
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 6-hydroxynicotinate + 2 H(2)O => 1 2-
DE   formylglutarate + 1 NH(3).
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.5.2.18.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07984.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 3/8.
AC   UER01014
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-formylglutarate + 1 H(+) + 1 NADH => 1 2-
DE   hydroxymethylglutarate + 1 NAD(+).
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.1.1.291.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07985.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 4/8.
AC   UER01015
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-hydroxymethylglutarate => 1 2-
DE   methyleneglutarate + 1 H(2)O.
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   KEGG; rn:R07986.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 5/8.
AC   UER01016
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-methyleneglutarate => 1 2-methylene-3-
DE   methylsuccinate.
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.4.99.4.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03908.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 6/8.
AC   UER01017
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 2-methylene-3-methylsuccinate => 1
DE   dimethylmaleate.
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 5.3.3.6.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03070.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 7/8.
AC   UER01018
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(2)O + 1 dimethylmaleate => 1 (2R,3S)-2,3-
DE   dimethylmalate.
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.2.1.85.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03069.
//
ID   propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate: step 8/8.
AC   UER01019
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethylmalate => 1 propanoate + 1
DE   pyruvate.
HP   ULS00502; propanoate and pyruvate from 6-hydroxynicotinate.
DR   ENZYME; 4.1.3.32.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01355.
//
ID   4-hydroxybenzoate from 4-chlorobenzoate: step 1/3.
AC   UER01020
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-chlorobenzoate + 1 ATP + 1 CoA => 1 4-
DE   chlorobenzoyl-CoA + 1 AMP + 1 diphosphate.
HP   ULS00503; 4-hydroxybenzoate from 4-chlorobenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.2.1.33.
DR   KEGG; rn:R03932.
//
ID   4-hydroxybenzoate from 4-chlorobenzoate: step 2/3.
AC   UER01021
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA + 1 H(2)O => 1 4-
DE   hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + 1 H(+) + 1 chloride.
HP   ULS00503; 4-hydroxybenzoate from 4-chlorobenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.8.1.7.
DR   KEGG; rn:R04101.
//
ID   4-hydroxybenzoate from 4-chlorobenzoate: step 3/3.
AC   UER01022
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + 1 H(2)O => 1 4-
DE   hydroxybenzoate + 1 CoA.
HP   ULS00503; 4-hydroxybenzoate from 4-chlorobenzoate.
DR   ENZYME; 3.1.2.23.
DR   KEGG; rn:R01301.
//
ID   glycine from L-serine: step 1/1.
AC   UER01023
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 1 L-serine => 1 5,10-
DE   methylene-THF + 1 H(2)O + 1 glycine.
HP   ULS00504; glycine from L-serine.
DR   ENZYME; 2.1.2.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00945.
//
ID   L-aspartate from oxaloacetate: step 1/1.
AC   UER01024
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 L-glutamate + 1 oxaloacetate => 1 2-oxoglutarate
DE   + 1 L-aspartate.
HP   ULS00505; L-aspartate from oxaloacetate.
DR   ENZYME; 2.6.1.1.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00355.
//
ID   L-glutamine from L-glutamate: step 1/1.
AC   UER01025
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 ATP + 1 L-glutamate + 1 NH(3) => 1 ADP + 1 L-
DE   glutamine + 1 phosphate.
HP   ULS00506; L-glutamine from L-glutamate.
DR   ENZYME; 6.3.1.2.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00253.
//
ID   catechol from anthranilate: step 1/1.
AC   UER01026
CL   Enzymatic reaction.
DE   Chemical equation: 1 H(+) + 1 NADH + 1 O(2) + 1 anthranilate => 1
DE   CO(2) + 1 NAD(+) + 1 NH(3) + 1 catechol.
HP   ULS00507; catechol from anthranilate.
DR   ENZYME; 1.14.12.1.
DR   PubMed; 11114907.
DR   KEGG; rn:R00823.
//