Q9ZNZ7 (GLTB1_ARATH) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase 1, chloroplastic
EC=1.4.7.1

Alternative name(s):
Fd-GOGAT 1

Gene names

Name:	GLU1
Synonyms:	GLS1
Ordered Locus Names:	At5g04140
ORF Names:	F21E1_60

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	1648 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Involved in glutamate biosynthesis in leaf. Required for the reassimilation of ammonium ions generated during photorespiration. Ref.2
Catalytic activity	2 L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Cofactor	Binds 1 3Fe-4S cluster By similarity. FAD By similarity. FMN By similarity.
Pathway	Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-glutamate biosynthesis via GLT pathway; L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate and L-glutamine (ferredoxin route): step 1/1. Energy metabolism; nitrogen metabolism.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast stroma By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Highest expression in leaves.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glutamate synthase family. Contains 1 glutamine amidotransferase type-2 domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Amino-acid biosynthesis Glutamate biosynthesis
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Glutamine amidotransferase Transit peptide
Ligand	3Fe-4S FAD FMN Flavoprotein Iron Iron-sulfur Metal-binding
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	glutamate biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW glutamine metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW photorespiration Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR positive regulation of glycine hydroxymethyltransferase activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR response to light stimulus Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	apoplast Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR chloroplast envelope Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR chloroplast stroma Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR membrane Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR mitochondrion Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	3 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW glutamate synthase (ferredoxin) activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR metal ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protein binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: IntAct
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
SHM1	Q9SZJ5	2	EBI-2292564,EBI-2292536

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9ZNZ7-1)

Also known as: Long;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9ZNZ7-2)

Also known as: Short;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     94-119: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 131	131	Chloroplast By similarity
	Chain	132 – 1648	1517	Ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase 1, chloroplastic		PRO_0000011614
Regions
	Domain	132 – 531	400	Glutamine amidotransferase type-2
	Nucleotide binding	1210 – 1267	58	FMN By similarity
Sites
	Active site	132	1	For GATase activity By similarity
	Metal binding	1263	1	Iron-sulfur (3Fe-4S) By similarity
	Metal binding	1269	1	Iron-sulfur (3Fe-4S) By similarity
	Metal binding	1274	1	Iron-sulfur (3Fe-4S) By similarity
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	94 – 119	26	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_001764
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	122	1	L → W in AAC78551. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	237	1	G → R in AAC78551. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	411	1	S → C in CAA70862. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	647 – 650	4	EGLV → KVWF in CAA70862. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	760	1	A → T in CAA70862. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	1499 – 1500	2	IF → DI in CAA70862. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	1611	1	E → K in AAC78551. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (Long) [UniParc]. Last modified January 11, 2001. Version 2. Checksum: 58790CE711DCBF6A	FASTA	1,648	179,920
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAMQSLSPVP KLLSTTPSSV LSSDKNFFFV DFVGLYCKSK RTRRRLRGDS SSSSRSSSSL 70 80 90 100 110 120 SRLSSVRAVI DLERVHGVSE KDLSSPSALR PQVRFFTDIN FTNTQRAKFH PLWGSFKQVA 130 140 150 160 170 180 NLEDILSERG ACGVGFIANL DNIPSHGVVK DALIALGCME HRGGCGADND SGDGSGLMSS 190 200 210 220 230 240 IPWDFFNVWA KEQSLAPFDK LHTGVGMIFL PQDDTFMQEA KQVIENIFEK EGLQVLGWRE 250 260 270 280 290 300 VPVNVPIVGK NARETMPNIQ QVFVKIAKED STDDIERELY ICRKLIERAV ATESWGTELY 310 320 330 340 350 360 FCSLSNQTIV YKGMLRSEAL GLFYLDLQNE LYESPFAIYH RRYSTNTSPR WPLAQPMRFL 370 380 390 400 410 420 GHNGEINTIQ GNLNWMQSRE ASLKAAVWNG RENEIRPFGN PRGSDSANLD SAAEIMIRSG 430 440 450 460 470 480 RTPEEALMIL VPEAYKNHPT LSVKYPEVVD FYDYYKGQME AWDGPALLLF SDGKTVGACL 490 500 510 520 530 540 DRNGLRPARY WRTSDNFVYV ASEVGVVPVD EAKVTMKGRL GPGMMIAVDL VNGQVYENTE 550 560 570 580 590 600 VKKRISSFNP YGKWIKENSR FLKPVNFKSS TVMENEEILR SQQAFGYSSE DVQMVIESMA 610 620 630 640 650 660 SQGKEPTFCM GDDIPLAGLS QRPHMLYDYF KQRFAQVTNP AIDPLREGLV MSLEVNIGKR 670 680 690 700 710 720 GNILELGPEN ASQVILSNPV LNEGALEELM KDQYLKPKVL STYFDIRKGV EGSLQKALYY 730 740 750 760 770 780 LCEAADDAVR SGSQLLVLSD RSDRLEPTRP SIPIMLAVGA VHQHLIQNGL RMSASIVADT 790 800 810 820 830 840 AQCFSTHHFA CLVGYGASAV CPYLALETCR QWRLSNKTVA FMRNGKIPTV TIEQAQKNYT 850 860 870 880 890 900 KAVNAGLLKI LSKMGISLLS SYCGAQIFEI YGLGQDVVDL AFTGSVSKIS GLTFDELARE 910 920 930 940 950 960 TLSFWVKAFS EDTTKRLENF GFIQFRPGGE YHSNNPEMSK LLHKAVREKS ETAYAVYQQH 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 LSNRPVNVLR DLLEFKSDRA PIPVGKVEPA VAIVQRFCTG GMSLGAISRE THEAIAIAMN 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 RIGGKSNSGE GGEDPIRWKP LTDVVDGYSP TLPHLKGLQN GDIATSAIKQ VASGRFGVTP 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 TFLVNADQLE IKVAQGAKPG EGGQLPGKKV SAYIARLRSS KPGVPLISPP PHHDIYSIED 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 LAQLIFDLHQ INPNAKVSVK LVAEAGIGTV ASGVAKGNAD IIQISGHDGG TGASPISSIK 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 HAGGPWELGL TETHQTLIAN GLRERVILRV DGGLKSGVDV LMAAAMGADE YGFGSLAMIA 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 TGCVMARICH TNNCPVGVAS QREELRARFP GVPGDLVNYF LYVAEEVRGI LAQLGYNSLD 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 DIIGRTELLR PRDISLVKTQ HLDLSYLLSS VGTPSLSSTE IRKQEVHTNG PVLDDDILAD 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 PLVIDAIENE KVVEKTVKIC NVDRAACGRV AGVIAKKYGD TGFAGQVNLT FLGSAGQSFG 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 CFLIPGMNIR LIGESNDYVG KGMAGGEIVV TPVEKIGFVP EEATIVGNTC LYGATGGQIF 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 ARGKAGERFA VRNSLAEAVV EGTGDHCCEY MTGGCVVVLG KVGRNVAAGM TGGLAYLLDE 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 DDTLLPKINR EIVKIQRVTA PAGELQLKSL IEAHVEKTGS SKGATILNEW EKYLPLFWQL 1630 1640 VPPSEEDTPE ASAAYVRTST GEVTFQSA
	Isoform 2 (Short) [UniParc]. Checksum: FAE7D097490F8A97	FASTA	1,622	176,752
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAMQSLSPVP KLLSTTPSSV LSSDKNFFFV DFVGLYCKSK RTRRRLRGDS SSSSRSSSSL 70 80 90 100 110 120 SRLSSVRAVI DLERVHGVSE KDLSSPSALR PQVANLEDIL SERGACGVGF IANLDNIPSH 130 140 150 160 170 180 GVVKDALIAL GCMEHRGGCG ADNDSGDGSG LMSSIPWDFF NVWAKEQSLA PFDKLHTGVG 190 200 210 220 230 240 MIFLPQDDTF MQEAKQVIEN IFEKEGLQVL GWREVPVNVP IVGKNARETM PNIQQVFVKI 250 260 270 280 290 300 AKEDSTDDIE RELYICRKLI ERAVATESWG TELYFCSLSN QTIVYKGMLR SEALGLFYLD 310 320 330 340 350 360 LQNELYESPF AIYHRRYSTN TSPRWPLAQP MRFLGHNGEI NTIQGNLNWM QSREASLKAA 370 380 390 400 410 420 VWNGRENEIR PFGNPRGSDS ANLDSAAEIM IRSGRTPEEA LMILVPEAYK NHPTLSVKYP 430 440 450 460 470 480 EVVDFYDYYK GQMEAWDGPA LLLFSDGKTV GACLDRNGLR PARYWRTSDN FVYVASEVGV 490 500 510 520 530 540 VPVDEAKVTM KGRLGPGMMI AVDLVNGQVY ENTEVKKRIS SFNPYGKWIK ENSRFLKPVN 550 560 570 580 590 600 FKSSTVMENE EILRSQQAFG YSSEDVQMVI ESMASQGKEP TFCMGDDIPL AGLSQRPHML 610 620 630 640 650 660 YDYFKQRFAQ VTNPAIDPLR EGLVMSLEVN IGKRGNILEL GPENASQVIL SNPVLNEGAL 670 680 690 700 710 720 EELMKDQYLK PKVLSTYFDI RKGVEGSLQK ALYYLCEAAD DAVRSGSQLL VLSDRSDRLE 730 740 750 760 770 780 PTRPSIPIML AVGAVHQHLI QNGLRMSASI VADTAQCFST HHFACLVGYG ASAVCPYLAL 790 800 810 820 830 840 ETCRQWRLSN KTVAFMRNGK IPTVTIEQAQ KNYTKAVNAG LLKILSKMGI SLLSSYCGAQ 850 860 870 880 890 900 IFEIYGLGQD VVDLAFTGSV SKISGLTFDE LARETLSFWV KAFSEDTTKR LENFGFIQFR 910 920 930 940 950 960 PGGEYHSNNP EMSKLLHKAV REKSETAYAV YQQHLSNRPV NVLRDLLEFK SDRAPIPVGK 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 VEPAVAIVQR FCTGGMSLGA ISRETHEAIA IAMNRIGGKS NSGEGGEDPI RWKPLTDVVD 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 GYSPTLPHLK GLQNGDIATS AIKQVASGRF GVTPTFLVNA DQLEIKVAQG AKPGEGGQLP 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 GKKVSAYIAR LRSSKPGVPL ISPPPHHDIY SIEDLAQLIF DLHQINPNAK VSVKLVAEAG 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 IGTVASGVAK GNADIIQISG HDGGTGASPI SSIKHAGGPW ELGLTETHQT LIANGLRERV 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 ILRVDGGLKS GVDVLMAAAM GADEYGFGSL AMIATGCVMA RICHTNNCPV GVASQREELR 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 ARFPGVPGDL VNYFLYVAEE VRGILAQLGY NSLDDIIGRT ELLRPRDISL VKTQHLDLSY 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 LLSSVGTPSL SSTEIRKQEV HTNGPVLDDD ILADPLVIDA IENEKVVEKT VKICNVDRAA 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 CGRVAGVIAK KYGDTGFAGQ VNLTFLGSAG QSFGCFLIPG MNIRLIGESN DYVGKGMAGG 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 EIVVTPVEKI GFVPEEATIV GNTCLYGATG GQIFARGKAG ERFAVRNSLA EAVVEGTGDH 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 CCEYMTGGCV VVLGKVGRNV AAGMTGGLAY LLDEDDTLLP KINREIVKIQ RVTAPAGELQ 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 LKSLIEAHVE KTGSSKGATI LNEWEKYLPL FWQLVPPSEE DTPEASAAYV RTSTGEVTFQ SA

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Structure and regulation of ferredoxin-dependent glutamase synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Cloning of cDNA expression in different tissues of wild-type and gltS mutant strains, and light induction." Suzuki A., Rothstein S. Eur. J. Biochem. 243:708-718(1997) [PubMed: 9057836] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Arabidopsis gls mutants and distinct Fd-GOGAT genes. Implications for photorespiration and primary nitrogen assimilation." Coschigano K.T., Melo-Oliveira R., Lim J., Coruzzi G.M. Plant Cell 10:741-752(1998) [PubMed: 9596633] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), FUNCTION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 5 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Tabata S., Kaneko T., Nakamura Y., Kotani H., Kato T., Asamizu E., Miyajima N., Sasamoto S., Kimura T., Hosouchi T., Kawashima K., Kohara M., Matsumoto M., Matsuno A., Muraki A., Nakayama S., Nakazaki N., Naruo K. , Okumura S., Shinpo S., Takeuchi C., Wada T., Watanabe A., Yamada M., Yasuda M., Sato S., de la Bastide M., Huang E., Spiegel L., Gnoj L., O'Shaughnessy A., Preston R., Habermann K., Murray J., Johnson D., Rohlfing T., Nelson J., Stoneking T., Pepin K., Spieth J., Sekhon M., Armstrong J., Becker M., Belter E., Cordum H., Cordes M., Courtney L., Courtney W., Dante M., Du H., Edwards J., Fryman J., Haakensen B., Lamar E., Latreille P., Leonard S., Meyer R., Mulvaney E., Ozersky P., Riley A., Strowmatt C., Wagner-McPherson C., Wollam A., Yoakum M., Bell M., Dedhia N., Parnell L., Shah R., Rodriguez M., Hoon See L., Vil D., Baker J., Kirchoff K., Toth K., King L., Bahret A., Miller B., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R., Wilson R.K., Murphy G., Bancroft I., Volckaert G., Wambutt R., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Pohl T., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Hartley N., Bent E., Johnson S., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Robben J., Grymonprez B., Zimmermann W., Ramsperger U., Wedler H., Balke K., Wedler E., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Rose M., Hauf J., Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Villarroel R., Gielen J., Ardiles W., Bents O., Lemcke K., Kolesov G., Mayer K.F.X., Rudd S., Schoof H., Schueller C., Zaccaria P., Mewes H.-W., Bevan M., Fransz P.F. Nature 408:823-826(2000) [PubMed: 11130714] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	Y09667 mRNA. Translation: CAA70862.1. U39287 mRNA. Translation: AAC78551.1. AL391716 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAC05496.1. CP002688 Genomic DNA. Translation: AED90703.1. CP002688 Genomic DNA. Translation: AED90704.1.
IPI	IPI00539225. IPI00540577.
RefSeq	NP_568134.1. NM_120496.2. NP_850763.1. NM_180432.2.
UniGene	At.21961. At.67926.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q9ZNZ7.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q9ZNZ7. 2 interactions.
STRING	Q9ZNZ7.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9ZNZ7.
ProMEX	Q9ZNZ7.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlants	AT5G04140.2; AT5G04140.2; AT5G04140.
GeneID	830292.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT5G04140 in contig BA000015_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT5G04140.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.22509.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At5g04140.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	KOG0399.
GeneTree	EPGT00070000029718.
HOGENOM	HBG313993.
InParanoid	Q9ZNZ7.
OMA	RTGGEYH.
PhylomeDB	Q9ZNZ7.
ProtClustDB	CLSN2913236.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9ZNZ7.
Genevestigator	Q9ZNZ7.
GermOnline	AT5G04140. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR013785. Aldolase_TIM. IPR000583. GATase_2. IPR017932. GATase_II. IPR002489. Glu_synth_asu_C. IPR002932. Glu_synth_centr_C. IPR006982. Glu_synth_centr_N. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.20.20.70. Aldolase_TIM. 2 hits. G3DSA:2.160.20.60. Glu_synthase_C. 1 hit.
KO	K00284.
Pfam	PF00310. GATase_2. 1 hit. PF04898. Glu_syn_central. 1 hit. PF01645. Glu_synthase. 1 hit. PF01493. GXGXG. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF69336. Glu_synthase_C. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS51278. GATASE_TYPE_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GLTB1_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9ZNZ7
Secondary accession number(s): P93649

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	January 11, 2001
Last sequence update:	January 11, 2001
Last modified:	November 16, 2011
This is version 114 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Plant Protein Annotation Program