ID NEMO_HUMAN Reviewed; 419 AA. AC Q9Y6K9; Q7LBY6; Q7Z7F1; DT 30-MAY-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 30-MAY-2000, sequence version 2. DT 06-MAR-2013, entry version 146. DE RecName: Full=NF-kappa-B essential modulator; DE Short=NEMO; DE AltName: Full=FIP-3; DE AltName: Full=IkB kinase-associated protein 1; DE Short=IKKAP1; DE AltName: Full=Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit gamma; DE Short=I-kappa-B kinase subunit gamma; DE Short=IKK-gamma; DE Short=IKKG; DE Short=IkB kinase subunit gamma; DE AltName: Full=NF-kappa-B essential modifier; GN Name=IKBKG; Synonyms=FIP3, NEMO; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; OC Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RX MEDLINE=99128359; PubMed=9927690; DOI=10.1073/pnas.96.3.1042; RA Li Y., Kang J., Friedman J., Tarassishin L., Ye J., Kovalenko A., RA Wallach D., Horwitz M.S.; RT "Identification of a cell protein (FIP-3) as a modulator of NF-kappaB RT activity and as a target of an adenovirus inhibitor of tumor necrosis RT factor alpha-induced apoptosis."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:1042-1047(1999). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RC TISSUE=Mammary cancer; RX MEDLINE=99189402; PubMed=10087442; DOI=10.1159/000025378; RA Jin D.-Y., Jeang K.-T.; RT "Isolation of full-length cDNA and chromosomal localization of human RT NF-kappaB modulator NEMO to Xq28."; RL J. Biomed. Sci. 6:115-120(1999). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE. RC TISSUE=Cervix carcinoma; RX MEDLINE=98421680; PubMed=9751060; DOI=10.1038/26261; RA Rothwarf D.M., Zandi E., Natoli G., Karin M.; RT "IKK-gamma is an essential regulatory subunit of the IkappaB kinase RT complex."; RL Nature 395:297-300(1998). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANT IP VAL-407. RX MEDLINE=20296353; PubMed=10839543; DOI=10.1038/35013114; RA Smahi A., Courtois G., Vabres P., Yamaoka S., Heuertz S., Munnich A., RA Israel A., Heiss N.S., Klauck S.M., Kioschis P., Wiemann S., RA Poustka A., Esposito T., Bardaro T., Gianfrancesco F., Ciccodicola A., RA D'Urso M., Woffendin H., Jakins T., Donnai D., Stewart H., RA Kenwrick S.J., Aradhya S., Yamagata T., Levy M., Lewis R.A., RA Nelson D.L.; RT "Genomic rearrangement in NEMO impairs NF-kappaB activation and is a RT cause of incontinentia pigmenti."; RL Nature 405:466-472(2000). RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RC TISSUE=Astrocytoma; RX MEDLINE=20403900; PubMed=10944468; DOI=10.1006/bbrc.2000.3282; RA Ye Z., Connor J.R.; RT "cDNA cloning by amplification of circularized first strand cDNAs RT reveals non-IRE-regulated iron-responsive mRNAs."; RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 275:223-227(2000). RN [6] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). RA Perelygin A.A., Perelygina L.M.; RT "Ikbkg gene modulates the herpes virus susceptibility in mice."; RL Submitted (MAY-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [7] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3). RX PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285; RA Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., RA Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., RA Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S., RA Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., RA Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., RA Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., RA Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., RA Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., RA Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., RA Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., RA Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., RA Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., RA Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., RA Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., RA Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., RA Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., RA Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., RA Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., RA Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., RA Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., RA Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., RA Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., RA Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., RA Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., RA Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., RA Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., RA Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., RA Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.; RT "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human RT cDNAs."; RL Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). RN [8] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RA Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., RA Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., RA Phelan M., Farmer A.; RT "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor RT vector."; RL Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [9] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RX PubMed=15772651; DOI=10.1038/nature03440; RA Ross M.T., Grafham D.V., Coffey A.J., Scherer S., McLay K., Muzny D., RA Platzer M., Howell G.R., Burrows C., Bird C.P., Frankish A., RA Lovell F.L., Howe K.L., Ashurst J.L., Fulton R.S., Sudbrak R., Wen G., RA Jones M.C., Hurles M.E., Andrews T.D., Scott C.E., Searle S., RA Ramser J., Whittaker A., Deadman R., Carter N.P., Hunt S.E., Chen R., RA Cree A., Gunaratne P., Havlak P., Hodgson A., Metzker M.L., RA Richards S., Scott G., Steffen D., Sodergren E., Wheeler D.A., RA Worley K.C., Ainscough R., Ambrose K.D., Ansari-Lari M.A., Aradhya S., RA Ashwell R.I., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Ballabio A., Banerjee R., RA Barker G.E., Barlow K.F., Barrett I.P., Bates K.N., Beare D.M., RA Beasley H., Beasley O., Beck A., Bethel G., Blechschmidt K., Brady N., RA Bray-Allen S., Bridgeman A.M., Brown A.J., Brown M.J., Bonnin D., RA Bruford E.A., Buhay C., Burch P., Burford D., Burgess J., Burrill W., RA Burton J., Bye J.M., Carder C., Carrel L., Chako J., Chapman J.C., RA Chavez D., Chen E., Chen G., Chen Y., Chen Z., Chinault C., RA Ciccodicola A., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., RA Clerc-Blankenburg K., Clifford K., Cobley V., Cole C.G., Conquer J.S., RA Corby N., Connor R.E., David R., Davies J., Davis C., Davis J., RA Delgado O., Deshazo D., Dhami P., Ding Y., Dinh H., Dodsworth S., RA Draper H., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunham A., Dunn M., Durbin K.J., Dutta I., RA Eades T., Ellwood M., Emery-Cohen A., Errington H., Evans K.L., RA Faulkner L., Francis F., Frankland J., Fraser A.E., Galgoczy P., RA Gilbert J., Gill R., Gloeckner G., Gregory S.G., Gribble S., RA Griffiths C., Grocock R., Gu Y., Gwilliam R., Hamilton C., Hart E.A., RA Hawes A., Heath P.D., Heitmann K., Hennig S., Hernandez J., RA Hinzmann B., Ho S., Hoffs M., Howden P.J., Huckle E.J., Hume J., RA Hunt P.J., Hunt A.R., Isherwood J., Jacob L., Johnson D., Jones S., RA de Jong P.J., Joseph S.S., Keenan S., Kelly S., Kershaw J.K., Khan Z., RA Kioschis P., Klages S., Knights A.J., Kosiura A., Kovar-Smith C., RA Laird G.K., Langford C., Lawlor S., Leversha M., Lewis L., Liu W., RA Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Loulseged H., Loveland J.E., Lovell J.D., RA Lozado R., Lu J., Lyne R., Ma J., Maheshwari M., Matthews L.H., RA McDowall J., McLaren S., McMurray A., Meidl P., Meitinger T., RA Milne S., Miner G., Mistry S.L., Morgan M., Morris S., Mueller I., RA Mullikin J.C., Nguyen N., Nordsiek G., Nyakatura G., O'dell C.N., RA Okwuonu G., Palmer S., Pandian R., Parker D., Parrish J., RA Pasternak S., Patel D., Pearce A.V., Pearson D.M., Pelan S.E., RA Perez L., Porter K.M., Ramsey Y., Reichwald K., Rhodes S., RA Ridler K.A., Schlessinger D., Schueler M.G., Sehra H.K., RA Shaw-Smith C., Shen H., Sheridan E.M., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., RA Smith M.L., Sotheran E.C., Steingruber H.E., Steward C.A., Storey R., RA Swann R.M., Swarbreck D., Tabor P.E., Taudien S., Taylor T., RA Teague B., Thomas K., Thorpe A., Timms K., Tracey A., Trevanion S., RA Tromans A.C., d'Urso M., Verduzco D., Villasana D., Waldron L., RA Wall M., Wang Q., Warren J., Warry G.L., Wei X., West A., RA Whitehead S.L., Whiteley M.N., Wilkinson J.E., Willey D.L., RA Williams G., Williams L., Williamson A., Williamson H., Wilming L., RA Woodmansey R.L., Wray P.W., Yen J., Zhang J., Zhou J., Zoghbi H., RA Zorilla S., Buck D., Reinhardt R., Poustka A., Rosenthal A., RA Lehrach H., Meindl A., Minx P.J., Hillier L.W., Willard H.F., RA Wilson R.K., Waterston R.H., Rice C.M., Vaudin M., Coulson A., RA Nelson D.L., Weinstock G., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., RA Gibbs R.A., Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R.; RT "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome."; RL Nature 434:325-337(2005). RN [10] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). RC TISSUE=Lung, Placenta, and Skin; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA RT project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [11] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 51-419 (ISOFORM 1), AND PROTEIN SEQUENCE RP OF 144-159. RC TISSUE=Cervix carcinoma; RX MEDLINE=99108125; PubMed=9891086; RA Mercurio F., Murray B.W., Shevchenko A., Bennett B.L., Young D.B., RA Li J.W., Pascual G., Motiwala A., Zhu H., Mann M., Manning A.M.; RT "IkappaB kinase (IKK)-associated protein 1, a common component of the RT heterogeneous IKK complex."; RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:1526-1538(1999). RN [12] RP INTERACTION WITH HTLV-1 TAX-1. RX MEDLINE=99292691; PubMed=10364167; DOI=10.1074/jbc.274.25.17402; RA Jin D.-Y., Giordano V., Kibler K.V., Nakano H., Jeang K.-T.; RT "Role of adapter function in oncoprotein-mediated activation of NF- RT kappaB: human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax interacts directly with RT IkappaB kinase gamma."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 274:17402-17405(1999). RN [13] RP INTERACTION WITH HTLV-1 TAX-1. RX PubMed=11064457; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1203894; RA Xiao G., Sun S.C.; RT "Activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta through their fusion with HTLV-I RT tax protein."; RL Oncogene 19:5198-5203(2000). RN [14] RP INTERACTION WITH TNFAIP3. RX PubMed=11389905; DOI=10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02504-2; RA Klinkenberg M., Van Huffel S., Heyninck K., Beyaert R.; RT "Functional redundancy of the zinc fingers of A20 for inhibition of RT NF-kappaB activation and protein-protein interactions."; RL FEBS Lett. 498:93-97(2001). RN [15] RP INTERACTION WITH COPS3. RX PubMed=11418127; DOI=10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02535-2; RA Hong X., Xu L.-G., Li X., Zhai Z., Shu H.-B.; RT "CSN3 interacts with IKKgamma and inhibits TNF- but not IL-1-induced RT NF-kappaB activation."; RL FEBS Lett. 499:133-136(2001). RN [16] RP SUBUNIT OF THE IKK COMPLEX. RX MEDLINE=21264955; PubMed=11080499; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M008353200; RA Li X.-H., Fang X., Gaynor R.B.; RT "Role of ikkgamma/nemo in assembly of the IkappaB kinase complex."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 276:4494-4500(2001). RN [17] RP INTERACTION WITH TANK AND IKBKB. RX PubMed=12133833; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M205069200; RA Chariot A., Leonardi A., Muller J., Bonif M., Brown K., Siebenlist U.; RT "Association of the adaptor TANK with the I kappa B kinase (IKK) RT regulator NEMO connects IKK complexes with IKK epsilon and TBK1 RT kinases."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 277:37029-37036(2002). RN [18] RP SUBUNIT OF A COMPLEX CONTAINING CREBBP; NCOA2; NCOA3; IKKA AND IKKB. RX MEDLINE=21968797; PubMed=11971985; RX DOI=10.1128/MCB.22.10.3549-3561.2002; RA Wu R.-C., Qin J., Hashimoto Y., Wong J., Xu J., Tsai S.Y., Tsai M.-J., RA O'Malley B.W.; RT "Regulation of SRC-3 (pCIP/ACTR/AIB-1/RAC-3/TRAM-1) coactivator RT activity by I kappa B kinase."; RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:3549-3561(2002). RN [19] RP SUMOYLATION AT LYS-277 AND LYS-309, UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-277 AND RP LYS-309, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-277 AND LYS-309, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND RP CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT EDAID ARG-417. RX PubMed=14651848; DOI=10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00895-X; RA Huang T.T., Wuerzberger-Davis S.M., Wu Z.H., Miyamoto S.; RT "Sequential modification of NEMO/IKKgamma by SUMO-1 and ubiquitin RT mediates NF-kappaB activation by genotoxic stress."; RL Cell 115:565-576(2003). RN [20] RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-31; SER-43 AND SER-376. RX PubMed=12657630; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M301705200; RA Carter R.S., Pennington K.N., Ungurait B.J., Ballard D.W.; RT "In vivo identification of inducible phosphoacceptors in the RT IKKgamma/NEMO subunit of human IkappaB kinase."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:19642-19648(2003). RN [21] RP SELF-ASSOCIATION, AND COMPOSITION OF THE IKK COMPLEX. RX PubMed=12612076; DOI=10.1128/MCB.23.6.2029-2041.2003; RA Tegethoff S., Behlke J., Scheidereit C.; RT "Tetrameric oligomerization of IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) is RT obligatory for IKK complex activity and NF-kappaB activation."; RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:2029-2041(2003). RN [22] RP INTERACTION WITH CYLD. RX PubMed=12917691; DOI=10.1038/nature01802; RA Kovalenko A., Chable-Bessia C., Cantarella G., Israeel A., Wallach D., RA Courtois G.; RT "The tumour suppressor CYLD negatively regulates NF-kappaB signalling RT by deubiquitination."; RL Nature 424:801-805(2003). RN [23] RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-285, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-115; LYS-224; RP LYS-285 AND LYS-399. RX PubMed=15620648; DOI=10.1016/j.cub.2004.12.032; RA Abbott D.W., Wilkins A., Asara J.M., Cantley L.C.; RT "The Crohn's disease protein, NOD2, requires RIP2 in order to induce RT ubiquitinylation of a novel site on NEMO."; RL Curr. Biol. 14:2217-2227(2004). RN [24] RP INTERACTION WITH ZFAND5. RX PubMed=14754897; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M309491200; RA Huang J., Teng L., Li L., Liu T., Li L., Chen D., Xu L.-G., Zhai Z., RA Shu H.-B.; RT "ZNF216 is an A20-like and IkappaB kinase gamma-interacting inhibitor RT of NFkappaB activation."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:16847-16853(2004). RN [25] RP INTERACTION WITH NALP2. RX PubMed=15456791; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M406741200; RA Bruey J.-M., Bruey-Sedano N., Newman R., Chandler S., Stehlik C., RA Reed J.C.; RT "PAN1/NALP2/PYPAF2, an inducible inflammatory mediator that regulates RT NF-kappaB and caspase-1 activation in macrophages."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:51897-51907(2004). RN [26] RP UBIQUITINATION. RX PubMed=15125833; DOI=10.1016/S1097-2765(04)00236-9; RA Sun L., Deng L., Ea C.-K., Xia Z.-P., Chen Z.J.; RT "The TRAF6 ubiquitin ligase and TAK1 kinase mediate IKK activation by RT BCL10 and MALT1 in T lymphocytes."; RL Mol. Cell 14:289-301(2004). RN [27] RP FUNCTION, UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-399, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-399. RX PubMed=14695475; DOI=10.1038/nature02273; RA Zhou H., Wertz I., O'Rourke K., Ultsch M., Seshagiri S., Eby M., RA Xiao W., Dixit V.M.; RT "Bcl10 activates the NF-kappaB pathway through ubiquitination of RT NEMO."; RL Nature 427:167-171(2004). RN [28] RP INTERACTION WITH LRDD. RX PubMed=16360037; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2005.09.036; RA Janssens S., Tinel A., Lippens S., Tschopp J.; RT "PIDD mediates NF-kappaB activation in response to DNA damage."; RL Cell 123:1079-1092(2005). RN [29] RP UBIQUITIN-BINDING, MUTAGENESIS OF PRO-329, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RP VARIANT EDAID ASN-311. RX PubMed=16547522; DOI=10.1038/ncb1384; RA Wu C.J., Conze D.B., Li T., Srinivasula S.M., Ashwell J.D.; RT "Sensing of Lys 63-linked polyubiquitination by NEMO is a key event in RT NF-kappaB activation."; RL Nat. Cell Biol. 8:398-406(2006). RN [30] RP ERRATUM. RA Wu C.J., Conze D.B., Li T., Srinivasula S.M., Ashwell J.D.; RL Nat. Cell Biol. 8:424-424(2006). RN [31] RP INTERACTION WITH ATM, PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-85, AND MUTAGENESIS OF RP SER-85. RX PubMed=16497931; DOI=10.1126/science.1121513; RA Wu Z.H., Shi Y., Tibbetts R.S., Miyamoto S.; RT "Molecular linkage between the kinase ATM and NF-kappaB signaling in RT response to genotoxic stimuli."; RL Science 311:1141-1146(2006). RN [32] RP UBIQUITINATION. RX PubMed=17135271; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M609503200; RA Lamothe B., Besse A., Campos A.D., Webster W.K., Wu H., Darnay B.G.; RT "Site-specific Lys-63-linked tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated RT factor 6 auto-ubiquitination is a critical determinant of I kappa B RT kinase activation."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 282:4102-4112(2007). RN [33] RP SUBUNIT, AND DISULFIDE BONDS. RX PubMed=18164680; DOI=10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.123; RA Herscovitch M., Comb W., Ennis T., Coleman K., Yong S., Armstead B., RA Kalaitzidis D., Chandani S., Gilmore T.D.; RT "Intermolecular disulfide bond formation in the NEMO dimer requires RT Cys54 and Cys347."; RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 367:103-108(2008). RN [34] RP INTERACTION WITH RIPK2. RX PubMed=18079694; DOI=10.1038/sj.emboj.7601962; RA Hasegawa M., Fujimoto Y., Lucas P.C., Nakano H., Fukase K., Nunez G., RA Inohara N.; RT "A critical role of RICK/RIP2 polyubiquitination in Nod-induced NF- RT kappaB activation."; RL EMBO J. 27:373-383(2008). RN [35] RP INTERACTION WITH IKBKB, PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-68, AND MUTAGENESIS OF RP SER-68. RX PubMed=17977820; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M708856200; RA Palkowitsch L., Leidner J., Ghosh S., Marienfeld R.B.; RT "Phosphorylation of serine 68 in the IkappaB kinase (IKK)-binding RT domain of NEMO interferes with the structure of the IKK complex and RT tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activity."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 283:76-86(2008). RN [36] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RC TISSUE=Cervix carcinoma; RX PubMed=18691976; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007; RA Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., RA Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M.; RT "Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of RT the kinome across the cell cycle."; RL Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008). RN [37] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RC TISSUE=Cervix carcinoma; RX PubMed=18669648; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0805139105; RA Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., RA Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P.; RT "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008). RN [38] RP UBIQUITIN-BINDING, MUTAGENESIS OF VAL-414 AND MET-415, AND RP CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT IP VAL-407. RX PubMed=19033441; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M806655200; RA Cordier F., Grubisha O., Traincard F., Veron M., Delepierre M., RA Agou F.; RT "The zinc finger of NEMO is a functional ubiquitin-binding domain."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 284:2902-2907(2009). RN [39] RP FUNCTION, AND DOMAIN LEUCINE-ZIPPER AND C2HC-TYPE ZINC-FINGER. RX PubMed=19854139; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2009.09.037; RA Zeng W., Xu M., Liu S., Sun L., Chen Z.J.; RT "Key role of Ubc5 and lysine-63 polyubiquitination in viral activation RT of IRF3."; RL Mol. Cell 36:315-325(2009). RN [40] RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-285 AND LYS-309. RX PubMed=19136968; DOI=10.1038/ncb1821; RA Tokunaga F., Sakata S., Saeki Y., Satomi Y., Kirisako T., Kamei K., RA Nakagawa T., Kato M., Murata S., Yamaoka S., Yamamoto M., Akira S., RA Takao T., Tanaka K., Iwai K.; RT "Involvement of linear polyubiquitylation of NEMO in NF-kappaB RT activation."; RL Nat. Cell Biol. 11:123-132(2009). RN [41] RP MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-296; PHE-312; GLU-315; ALA-323; LEU-329 AND RP LEU-336. RX PubMed=19854204; DOI=10.1016/j.jmb.2009.10.018; RA Grubisha O., Kaminska M., Duquerroy S., Fontan E., Cordier F., RA Haouz A., Raynal B., Chiaravalli J., Delepierre M., Israel A., RA Veron M., Agou F.; RT "DARPin-assisted crystallography of the CC2-LZ domain of NEMO reveals RT a coupling between dimerization and ubiquitin binding."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 395:89-104(2010). RN [42] RP INTERACTION WITH SHIGELLA FLEXNERI IPAH9.8, AND UBIQUITINATION AT RP LYS-309 AND LYS-321. RX PubMed=20010814; DOI=10.1038/ncb2006; RA Ashida H., Kim M., Schmidt-Supprian M., Ma A., Ogawa M., Sasakawa C.; RT "A bacterial E3 ubiquitin ligase IpaH9.8 targets NEMO/IKKgamma to RT dampen the host NF-kappaB-mediated inflammatory response."; RL Nat. Cell Biol. 12:66-73(2010). RN [43] RP FUNCTION, AND UBIQUITINATION. RX PubMed=20724660; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1004621107; RA Arimoto K., Funami K., Saeki Y., Tanaka K., Okawa K., Takeuchi O., RA Akira S., Murakami Y., Shimotohno K.; RT "Polyubiquitin conjugation to NEMO by tripartite motif protein 23 RT (TRIM23) is critical in antiviral defense."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107:15856-15861(2010). RN [44] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RC TISSUE=Cervix carcinoma; RX PubMed=20068231; DOI=10.1126/scisignal.2000475; RA Olsen J.V., Vermeulen M., Santamaria A., Kumar C., Miller M.L., RA Jensen L.J., Gnad F., Cox J., Jensen T.S., Nigg E.A., Brunak S., RA Mann M.; RT "Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full RT phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis."; RL Sci. Signal. 3:RA3-RA3(2010). RN [45] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17; RA Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., RA Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.; RT "Initial characterization of the human central proteome."; RL BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011). RN [46] RP NEDDYLATION BY TRIM40. RX PubMed=21474709; DOI=10.1093/carcin/bgr068; RA Noguchi K., Okumura F., Takahashi N., Kataoka A., Kamiyama T., RA Todo S., Hatakeyama S.; RT "TRIM40 promotes neddylation of IKKgamma and is downregulated in RT gastrointestinal cancers."; RL Carcinogenesis 32:995-1004(2011). RN [47] RP UBIQUITIN-BINDING, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT EDAID ASN-311. RX PubMed=21606507; DOI=10.1084/jem.20102177; RA Nanda S.K., Venigalla R.K., Ordureau A., Patterson-Kane J.C., RA Powell D.W., Toth R., Arthur J.S., Cohen P.; RT "Polyubiquitin binding to ABIN1 is required to prevent autoimmunity."; RL J. Exp. Med. 208:1215-1228(2011). RN [48] RP INTERACTION WITH TNFAIP3. RX PubMed=22099304; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2011.09.015; RA Skaug B., Chen J., Du F., He J., Ma A., Chen Z.J.; RT "Direct, noncatalytic mechanism of IKK inhibition by A20."; RL Mol. Cell 44:559-571(2011). RN [49] RP UBIQUITINATION BY THE LUBAC COMPLEX. RX PubMed=21455173; DOI=10.1038/nature09816; RA Gerlach B., Cordier S.M., Schmukle A.C., Emmerich C.H., Rieser E., RA Haas T.L., Webb A.I., Rickard J.A., Anderton H., Wong W.W., RA Nachbur U., Gangoda L., Warnken U., Purcell A.W., Silke J., RA Walczak H.; RT "Linear ubiquitination prevents inflammation and regulates immune RT signalling."; RL Nature 471:591-596(2011). RN [50] RP UBIQUITINATION BY THE LUBAC COMPLEX. RX PubMed=21455180; DOI=10.1038/nature09815; RA Tokunaga F., Nakagawa T., Nakahara M., Saeki Y., Taniguchi M., RA Sakata S., Tanaka K., Nakano H., Iwai K.; RT "SHARPIN is a component of the NF-kappaB-activating linear ubiquitin RT chain assembly complex."; RL Nature 471:633-636(2011). RN [51] RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-277; LYS-285; LYS-309; LYS-326; LYS-111; RP LYS-143; LYS-226; LYS-246; LYS-264; LYS-292 AND LYS-302 BY THE LUBAC RP COMPLEX, AND UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-139 AND LYS-283. RX PubMed=21455181; DOI=10.1038/nature09814; RA Ikeda F., Deribe Y.L., Skanland S.S., Stieglitz B., Grabbe C., RA Franz-Wachtel M., van Wijk S.J., Goswami P., Nagy V., Terzic J., RA Tokunaga F., Androulidaki A., Nakagawa T., Pasparakis M., Iwai K., RA Sundberg J.P., Schaefer L., Rittinger K., Macek B., Dikic I.; RT "SHARPIN forms a linear ubiquitin ligase complex regulating NF-kappaB RT activity and apoptosis."; RL Nature 471:637-641(2011). RN [52] RP INTERACTION WITH NLRP10. RX PubMed=22672233; DOI=10.1111/j.1462-5822.2012.01822.x; RA Lautz K., Damm A., Menning M., Wenger J., Adam A.C., Zigrino P., RA Kremmer E., Kufer T.A.; RT "NLRP10 enhances Shigella-induced pro-inflammatory responses."; RL Cell. Microbiol. 14:1568-1583(2012). RN [53] RP STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 394-419 OF WILD-TYPE AND MUTANT PHE-417, AND RP DOMAIN ZINC FINGER. RX PubMed=18313693; DOI=10.1016/j.jmb.2008.01.048; RA Cordier F., Vinolo E., Veron M., Delepierre M., Agou F.; RT "Solution structure of NEMO zinc finger and impact of an anhidrotic RT ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency-related point mutation."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 377:1419-1432(2008). RN [54] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.2 ANGSTROMS) OF 44-111 IN COMPLEX WITH CHUK RP AND IKBKB, AND SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=18462684; DOI=10.1016/j.str.2008.02.012; RA Rushe M., Silvian L., Bixler S., Chen L.L., Cheung A., Bowes S., RA Cuervo H., Berkowitz S., Zheng T., Guckian K., Pellegrini M., RA Lugovskoy A.; RT "Structure of a NEMO/IKK-associating domain reveals architecture of RT the interaction site."; RL Structure 16:798-808(2008). RN [55] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (3.2 ANGSTROMS) OF 246-337, UBIQUITIN-BINDING, RP MUTAGENESIS OF VAL-300; LEU-301; GLN-304; ILE-307; TYR-308; PHE-312; RP GLN-313 AND GLN-317, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT EDAID ASN-311, RP CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT AMCBX1 ALA-315, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RP VARIANTS GLN-319 AND IP PRO-323. RX PubMed=19185524; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2009.01.012; RA Lo Y.C., Lin S.C., Rospigliosi C.C., Conze D.B., Wu C.J., RA Ashwell J.D., Eliezer D., Wu H.; RT "Structural basis for recognition of diubiquitins by NEMO."; RL Mol. Cell 33:602-615(2009). RN [56] RP VARIANTS EDAID ARG-417 AND PHE-417. RX MEDLINE=20530236; PubMed=11047757; DOI=10.1086/316914; RA Zonana J., Elder M.E., Schneider L.C., Orlow S.J., Moss C., Golabi M., RA Shapira S.K., Farndon P.A., Wara D.W., Emmal S.A., Ferguson B.M.; RT "A novel X-linked disorder of immune deficiency and hypohidrotic RT ectodermal dysplasia is allelic to incontinentia pigmenti and due to RT mutations in IKK-gamma (NEMO)."; RL Am. J. Hum. Genet. 67:1555-1562(2000). RN [57] RP VARIANTS IP LYS-57 AND VAL-407. RX PubMed=11590134; DOI=10.1093/hmg/10.19.2171; RA Aradhya S., Woffendin H., Jakins T., Bardaro T., Esposito T., RA Smahi A., Shaw C., Levy M., Munnich A., D'Urso M., Lewis R.A., RA Kenwrick S., Nelson D.L.; RT "A recurrent deletion in the ubiquitously expressed NEMO (IKK-gamma) RT gene accounts for the vast majority of incontinentia pigmenti RT mutations."; RL Hum. Mol. Genet. 10:2171-2179(2001). RN [58] RP VARIANTS EDAID PRO-175; PRO-227; GLY-288; ASN-311; ARG-417 AND RP PHE-417. RX MEDLINE=21135089; PubMed=11242109; DOI=10.1038/85837; RA Doeffinger R., Smahi A., Bessia C., Geissmann F., Feinberg J., RA Durandy A., Bodemer C., Kenwrick S.J., Dupuis-Girod S., Blanche S., RA Wood P., Rabia S.H., Headon D.J., Overbeek P.A., Le Deist F., RA Holland S.M., Belani K., Kumararatne D.S., Fischer A., Shapiro R., RA Conley M.E., Reimund E., Kalhoff H., Abinun M., Munnich A., RA Israael A., Courtois G., Casanova J.-L.; RT "X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency is RT caused by impaired NF-kappa B signaling."; RL Nat. Genet. 27:277-285(2001). RN [59] RP VARIANTS EDAID VAL-406 AND ARG-417. RX MEDLINE=21163376; PubMed=11224521; DOI=10.1038/85277; RA Jain A., Ma C.A., Liu S., Brown M., Cohen J., Strober W.; RT "Specific missense mutations in NEMO result in hyper-IgM syndrome with RT hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia."; RL Nat. Immunol. 2:223-228(2001). RN [60] RP VARIANTS EDAID ARG-153 AND ARG-417. RX PubMed=12045264; RA Orange J.S., Brodeur S.R., Jain A., Bonilla F.A., Schneider L.C., RA Kretschmer R., Nurko S., Rasmussen W.L., Koehler J.R., Gellis S.E., RA Ferguson B.M., Strominger J.L., Zonana J., Ramesh N., Ballas Z.K., RA Geha R.S.; RT "Deficient natural killer cell cytotoxicity in patients with IKK- RT gamma/NEMO mutations."; RL J. Clin. Invest. 109:1501-1509(2002). RN [61] RP VARIANTS IP LYS-57; LYS-90 DEL AND TRP-123, VARIANT ASN-113, RP CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS IP LYS-57; LYS-90 DEL AND TRP-123, AND RP CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT ASN-113. RX PubMed=15229184; DOI=10.1093/hmg/ddh192; RA Fusco F., Bardaro T., Fimiani G., Mercadante V., Miano M.G., Falco G., RA Israeel A., Courtois G., D'Urso M., Ursini M.V.; RT "Molecular analysis of the genetic defect in a large cohort of IP RT patients and identification of novel NEMO mutations interfering with RT NF-kappaB activation."; RL Hum. Mol. Genet. 13:1763-1773(2004). RN [62] RP VARIANTS EDAID ARG-153 AND ARG-417, AND VARIANT NEMOID TYR-417. RX PubMed=15100680; DOI=10.1016/j.jaci.2004.01.762; RA Orange J.S., Jain A., Ballas Z.K., Schneider L.C., Geha R.S., RA Bonilla F.A.; RT "The presentation and natural history of immunodeficiency caused by RT nuclear factor kappaB essential modulator mutation."; RL J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 113:725-733(2004). RN [63] RP INVOLVEMENT IN NEMOID. RX PubMed=15356572; DOI=10.1016/j.jaci.2004.06.052; RA Orange J.S., Levy O., Brodeur S.R., Krzewski K., Roy R.M., RA Niemela J.E., Fleisher T.A., Bonilla F.A., Geha R.S.; RT "Human nuclear factor kappa B essential modulator mutation can result RT in immunodeficiency without ectodermal dysplasia."; RL J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 114:650-656(2004). RN [64] RP VARIANTS AMCBX1 ALA-315 AND GLN-319. RX PubMed=16818673; DOI=10.1084/jem.20060085; RA Filipe-Santos O., Bustamante J., Haverkamp M.H., Vinolo E., Ku C.-L., RA Puel A., Frucht D.M., Christel K., von Bernuth H., Jouanguy E., RA Feinberg J., Durandy A., Senechal B., Chapgier A., Vogt G., RA de Beaucoudrey L., Fieschi C., Picard C., Garfa M., Chemli J., RA Bejaoui M., Tsolia M.N., Kutukculer N., Plebani A., Notarangelo L., RA Bodemer C., Geissmann F., Israeel A., Veron M., Knackstedt M., RA Barbouche R., Abel L., Magdorf K., Gendrel D., Agou F., Holland S.M., RA Casanova J.-L.; RT "X-linked susceptibility to mycobacteria is caused by mutations in RT NEMO impairing CD40-dependent IL-12 production."; RL J. Exp. Med. 203:1745-1759(2006). RN [65] RP VARIANT IP PRO-323, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT IP PRO-323, AND RP INTERACTION WITH TRAF6. RX PubMed=17728323; DOI=10.1093/hmg/ddm237; RA Sebban-Benin H., Pescatore A., Fusco F., Pascuale V., Gautheron J., RA Yamaoka S., Moncla A., Ursini M.V., Courtois G.; RT "Identification of TRAF6-dependent NEMO polyubiquitination sites RT through analysis of a new NEMO mutation causing incontinentia RT pigmenti."; RL Hum. Mol. Genet. 16:2805-2815(2007). RN [66] RP VARIANT IPD2 GLY-173. RX PubMed=16950813; DOI=10.1136/jmg.2006.044446; RA Ku C.-L., Picard C., Erdos M., Jeurissen A., Bustamante J., Puel A., RA von Bernuth H., Filipe-Santos O., Chang H.-H., Lawrence T., Raes M., RA Marodi L., Bossuyt X., Casanova J.-L.; RT "IRAK4 and NEMO mutations in otherwise healthy children with recurrent RT invasive pneumococcal disease."; RL J. Med. Genet. 44:16-23(2007). CC -!- FUNCTION: Regulatory subunit of the IKK core complex which CC phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the CC dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately CC the degradation of the inhibitor. Its binding to scaffolding CC polyubiquitin seems to play a role in IKK activation by multiple CC signaling receptor pathways. However, the specific type of CC polyubiquitin recognized upon cell stimulation (either 'Lys-63'- CC linked or linear polyubiquitin) and its functional importance is CC reported conflictingly. Also considered to be a mediator for TAX CC activation of NF-kappa-B. Could be implicated in NF-kappa-B- CC mediated protection from cytokine toxicity (By similarity). CC Essential for viral activation of IRF3. Involved in TLR3- and CC IFIH1-mediated antiviral innate response; this function requires CC 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Component of the I-kappa-B- CC kinase (IKK) core complex consisting of CHUK, IKBKB and IKBKG; CC probably four alpha/CHUK-beta/IKBKB dimers are associated with CC four gamma/IKBKG subunits. The IKK core complex seems to associate CC with regulatory or adapter proteins to form a IKK-signalosome CC holo-complex. The IKK complex associates with TERF2IP/RAP1, CC leading to promote IKK-mediated phosphorylation of RELA/p65. Part CC of a complex composed of NCOA2, NCOA3, CHUK/IKKA, IKBKB, IKBKG and CC CREBBP. Interacts with COPS3, CYLD, NALP2, TRPC4AP and LRDD. CC Interacts with ATM; the complex is exported from the nucleus. CC Interacts with TRAF6. Interacts with HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein; the CC interaction activates IKBKG. Interacts with TANK; the interaction CC is enhanced by IKBKE and TBK1. Part of a ternary complex CC consisting of TANK, IKBKB and IKBKG. Interacts with ZFAND5. CC Interacts with RIPK2. Interacts with TNIP1 and TNFAIP3; TNIP1 CC facilitates the TNFAIP3-mediated de-ubiquitination of IKBKG (By CC similarity). Interacts with TNFAIP3; the interaction is induced by CC TNF stimulation and by polyubiquitin. Binds polyubiquitin; the CC interaction is mediated by two domains; reports about the binding CC to 'Lys-63'-linked and/or linear polyubiquitin, respective binding CC affinities and stoichiometry are conflicting. Interacts with CC Shigella flexneri ipah9.8; the interaction promotes TNIP1- CC dependent 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination of IKBKG which CC perturbs NF-kappa-B activation during bacterial infection. CC Interacts with NLRP10. CC -!- INTERACTION: CC Q9NPF8:ADAP2; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-718895; CC P04083:ANXA1; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-354007; CC Q66PJ3:ARL6IP4; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-2683099; CC P05937:CALB1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-4286943; CC P24941:CDK2; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-375096; CC O15111:CHUK; NbExp=12; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-81249; CC Q9UNS2:COPS3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-350590; CC P36888:FLT3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-3946257; CC Q14161:GIT2; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-1046878; CC O14920:IKBKB; NbExp=14; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-81266; CC Q8VSC3:ipaH9.8 (xeno); NbExp=8; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-6125799; CC P05783:KRT18; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-297888; CC P05787:KRT8; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-297852; CC P25963:NFKBIA; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-307386; CC Q13546:RIPK1; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-358507; CC Q9UBF6:RNF7; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-398632; CC Q9BVN2-2:RUSC1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-6257338; CC Q9HC62:SENP2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-714881; CC P12931:SRC; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-621482; CC P21579:SYT1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-524909; CC P21580:TNFAIP3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-527670; CC Q15025:TNIP1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-357849; CC Q8NFZ5:TNIP2; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-81279, EBI-359372; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Sumoylated NEMO CC accumulates in the nucleus in response to genotoxic stress. CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=3; CC Name=1; CC IsoId=Q9Y6K9-1; Sequence=Displayed; CC Name=2; CC IsoId=Q9Y6K9-2; Sequence=VSP_041000; CC Name=3; CC IsoId=Q9Y6K9-3; Sequence=VSP_041001, VSP_041002; CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal CC muscle, kidney and pancreas. CC -!- DOMAIN: The leucine-zipper domain and the C2HC-type zinc-finger CC are essential for polyubiquitin binding and for the activation of CC IRF3. CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylation at Ser-68 attenuates aminoterminal CC homodimerization. CC -!- PTM: Polyubiquitinated on Lys-285 through 'Lys-63'; the CC ubiquitination is mediated by NOD2 and RIPK2 and probably plays a CC role in signaling by facilitating interactions with ubiquitin CC domain-containing proteins and activates the NF-kappa-B pathway. CC Polyubiquitinated on Lys-399 through 'Lys-63'; the ubiquitination CC is mediated by BCL10, MALT1 and TRAF6 and probably plays a role in CC signaling by facilitating interactions with ubiquitin domain- CC containing proteins and activates the NF-kappa-B pathway. CC Monoubiquitinated on Lys-277 and Lys-309; promotes nuclear export. CC Polyubiquitinated through 'Lys-27' by TRIM23; involved in CC antiviral innate and inflammatory responses. Linear CC polyubiquitinated on Lys-111, Lys-143, Lys-226, Lys-246, Lys-264, CC Lys-277, Lys-285, Lys-292, Lys-302, Lys-309 and Lys-326; the head- CC to-tail polyubiquitination is mediated by the LUBAC complex and CC plays a key role in NF-kappa-B activation. Polyubiquitinated on CC Lys-309 and Lys-321 via 'Lys-27'-linked ubiquitin by Shigella CC flexneri E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ipah9.8, leading to its CC degradation by the proteasome. CC -!- PTM: Sumoylated on Lys-277 and Lys-309 with SUMO1; the CC modification results in phosphorylation of Ser-85 by ATM leading CC to a replacement of the sumoylation by mono-ubiquitination on CC these residues. CC -!- PTM: Neddylated by TRIM40, resulting in stabilization of NFKBIA CC and down-regulation of NF-kappa-B activity. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in IKBKG are the cause of ectodermal dysplasia CC anhidrotic with immunodeficiency X-linked (EDAID) [MIM:300291]; CC also known as hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with CC immunodeficiency (HED-ID). Is a form of ectoderma dysplasia, a CC heterogeneous group of disorders due to abnormal development of CC two or more ectodermal structures. Characterized by absence of CC sweat glands, sparse scalp hair, rare conical teeth and CC immunological abnormalities resulting in severe infectious CC diseases. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in IKBKG are the cause of ectodermal dysplasia CC anhidrotic with immunodeficiency-osteopetrosis-lymphedema CC (OLEDAID) [MIM:300301]. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in IKBKG are a cause of immunodeficiency NEMO- CC related without anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (NEMOID) CC [MIM:300584]; also called immunodeficiency without anhidrotic CC ectodermal dysplasia, isolated immunodeficiency or pure CC immunodeficiency. Patients manifest immunodeficiency not CC associated with other abnormalities, and resulting in increased CC infection susceptibility. Patients suffer from multiple episodes CC of infectious diseases. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in IKBKG are the cause of susceptibility to X- CC linked familial atypical micobacteriosis type 1 (AMCBX1) CC [MIM:300636]; also known as X-linked disseminated atypical CC mycobacterial infection type 1 or X-linked susceptibility to CC mycobacterial disease type 1. AMCBX1 is the X-linked recessive CC form of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD). CC MSMD is a congenital syndrome resulting in predisposition to CC clinical disease caused by weakly virulent mycobacterial species, CC such as bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccines and non-tuberculous, CC environmental mycobacteria. Patients are also susceptible to the CC more virulent species Mycobacterium tuberculosis. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in IKBKG are the cause of recurrent isolated CC invasive pneumococcal disease type 2 (IPD2) [MIM:300640]. CC Recurrent invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is defined as two CC episodes of IPD occurring at least 1 month apart, whether caused CC by the same or different serotypes or strains. Recurrent IPD CC occurs in at least 2% of patients in most series, making IPD the CC most important known risk factor for subsequent IPD. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in IKBKG are the cause of incontinentia pigmenti CC (IP) [MIM:308300]; formerly designed familial incontinentia CC pigmenti type II (IP2). IP is a genodermatosis usually prenatally CC lethal in males. In affected females, it causes abnormalities of CC the skin, hair, eyes, nails, teeth, skeleton, heart, and central CC nervous system. The prominent skin signs occur in four classic CC cutaneous stages: perinatal inflammatory vesicles, verrucous CC patches, a distinctive pattern of hyperpigmentation and dermal CC scarring. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Contains 1 C2HC-type zinc finger. CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=IKBKGbase; Note=IKBKG mutation db; CC URL="http://bioinf.uta.fi/IKBKGbase/"; CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=GeneReviews; CC URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/IKBKG"; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; AF062089; AAD12183.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF091453; AAD38081.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF074382; AAC36330.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AJ271718; CAB93146.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AF261086; AAF99679.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY114157; AAM44073.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK000593; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; mRNA. DR EMBL; BT019621; AAV38427.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF277315; AAL27012.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BC000299; AAH00299.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC012114; AAH12114.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC046922; AAH46922.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC050612; AAH50612.1; -; mRNA. DR IPI; IPI00002411; -. DR IPI; IPI00641117; -. DR IPI; IPI00641409; -. DR RefSeq; NP_001093326.2; NM_001099856.2. DR RefSeq; NP_001093327.1; NM_001099857.1. DR RefSeq; NP_001138727.1; NM_001145255.1. DR RefSeq; NP_003630.1; NM_003639.3. DR UniGene; Hs.43505; -. DR PDB; 2JVX; NMR; -; A=394-419. DR PDB; 2JVY; NMR; -; A=394-419. DR PDB; 3BRT; X-ray; 2.25 A; B/D=46-111. DR PDB; 3BRV; X-ray; 2.20 A; B/D=44-111. DR PDB; 3CL3; X-ray; 3.20 A; D/E=150-272. DR PDB; 3FX0; X-ray; 3.20 A; A/B=246-337. DR PDBsum; 2JVX; -. DR PDBsum; 2JVY; -. DR PDBsum; 3BRT; -. DR PDBsum; 3BRV; -. DR PDBsum; 3CL3; -. DR PDBsum; 3FX0; -. DR ProteinModelPortal; Q9Y6K9; -. DR SMR; Q9Y6K9; 49-109, 193-251, 263-333, 394-419. DR DIP; DIP-27528N; -. DR IntAct; Q9Y6K9; 133. DR MINT; MINT-1133340; -. DR STRING; Q9Y6K9; -. DR PhosphoSite; Q9Y6K9; -. DR DMDM; 6685695; -. DR PaxDb; Q9Y6K9; -. DR PRIDE; Q9Y6K9; -. DR DNASU; 8517; -. DR Ensembl; ENST00000369601; ENSP00000358614; ENSG00000073009. DR Ensembl; ENST00000369602; ENSP00000358615; ENSG00000073009. DR Ensembl; ENST00000369606; ENSP00000358619; ENSG00000073009. DR Ensembl; ENST00000369607; ENSP00000358620; ENSG00000073009. DR Ensembl; ENST00000369609; ENSP00000358622; ENSG00000073009. DR GeneID; 8517; -. DR KEGG; hsa:8517; -. DR UCSC; uc004fmb.4; human. DR UCSC; uc011mzr.2; human. DR UCSC; uc011mzs.2; human. DR CTD; 8517; -. DR GeneCards; GC0XP153769; -. DR H-InvDB; HIX0203333; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:5961; IKBKG. DR HPA; CAB010373; -. DR HPA; HPA000426; -. DR MIM; 300248; gene. DR MIM; 300291; phenotype. DR MIM; 300301; phenotype. DR MIM; 300584; phenotype. DR MIM; 300636; phenotype. DR MIM; 300640; phenotype. DR MIM; 308300; phenotype. DR neXtProt; NX_Q9Y6K9; -. DR Orphanet; 69088; Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia - immunodeficiency - osteopetrosis - lymphedema. DR Orphanet; 98813; Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency. DR Orphanet; 464; Incontinentia pigmenti. DR Orphanet; 748; Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases. DR PharmGKB; PA29777; -. DR eggNOG; NOG138369; -. DR HOGENOM; HOG000293233; -. DR HOVERGEN; HBG000417; -. DR InParanoid; Q9Y6K9; -. DR KO; K07210; -. DR OMA; QKFQEAR; -. DR PhylomeDB; Q9Y6K9; -. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; bcr_5pathway; BCR signaling pathway. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; nfkappabcanonicalpathway; Canonical NF-kappaB pathway. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; fcer1pathway; Fc-epsilon receptor I signaling in mast cells. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; il1pathway; IL1-mediated signaling events. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; p75ntrpathway; p75(NTR)-mediated signaling. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; tcrpathway; TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; cd8tcrpathway; TCR signaling in naive CD8+ T cells. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; tnfpathway; TNF receptor signaling pathway. DR Pathway_Interaction_DB; trail_pathway; TRAIL signaling pathway. DR Reactome; REACT_6782; TRAF6 Mediated Induction of proinflammatory cytokines. DR Reactome; REACT_6900; Immune System. DR BindingDB; Q9Y6K9; -. DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL4967; -. DR ChiTaRS; IKBKG; human. DR EvolutionaryTrace; Q9Y6K9; -. DR GenomeRNAi; 8517; -. DR NextBio; 31882; -. DR ArrayExpress; Q9Y6K9; -. DR Bgee; Q9Y6K9; -. DR CleanEx; HS_IKBKG; -. DR Genevestigator; Q9Y6K9; -. DR GermOnline; ENSG00000073009; Homo sapiens. DR GO; GO:0008385; C:IkappaB kinase complex; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0004871; F:signal transducer activity; TAS:ProtInc. DR GO; GO:0000187; P:activation of MAPK activity; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0007250; P:activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity; IEA:Compara. DR GO; GO:0001782; P:B cell homeostasis; IEA:Compara. DR GO; GO:0007249; P:I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006917; P:induction of apoptosis; TAS:ProtInc. DR GO; GO:0006954; P:inflammatory response; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0045087; P:innate immune response; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0007254; P:JNK cascade; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0002755; P:MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0070423; P:nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0043123; P:positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0051092; P:positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032481; P:positive regulation of type I interferon production; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0006974; P:response to DNA damage stimulus; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0009615; P:response to virus; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0050852; P:T cell receptor signaling pathway; NAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0008063; P:Toll signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0034130; P:toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0034134; P:toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0034138; P:toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0034142; P:toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0006351; P:transcription, DNA-dependent; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0035666; P:TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0019048; P:virus-host interaction; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR InterPro; IPR021063; NEMO_N. DR Pfam; PF11577; NEMO; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Alternative splicing; Coiled coil; Complete proteome; KW Cytoplasm; Direct protein sequencing; Disease mutation; KW Disulfide bond; Ectodermal dysplasia; Host-virus interaction; KW Isopeptide bond; Metal-binding; Nucleus; Osteopetrosis; KW Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Transcription; KW Transcription regulation; Ubl conjugation; Zinc; Zinc-finger. FT CHAIN 1 419 NF-kappa-B essential modulator. FT /FTId=PRO_0000096782. FT ZN_FING 396 417 C2HC-type. FT REGION 44 111 Interaction with CHUK/IKBKB. FT REGION 150 257 Interaction with TANK. FT REGION 242 350 Ubiquitin-binding (UBD). FT REGION 246 365 Self-association. FT REGION 251 419 Required for interaction with TNFAIP3. FT REGION 322 343 Leucine-zipper (Potential). FT REGION 382 419 Interaction with CYLD. FT COILED 49 356 Potential. FT MOD_RES 31 31 Phosphoserine; by IKKB. FT MOD_RES 43 43 Phosphoserine; by IKKB. FT MOD_RES 68 68 Phosphoserine. FT MOD_RES 85 85 Phosphoserine; by ATM. FT MOD_RES 376 376 Phosphoserine; by IKKB. FT DISULFID 54 54 Interchain. FT DISULFID 347 347 Interchain. FT CROSSLNK 111 111 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 139 139 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 143 143 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 226 226 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 246 246 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 264 264 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 277 277 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO); FT alternate. FT CROSSLNK 277 277 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin); FT alternate. FT CROSSLNK 283 283 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 285 285 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 292 292 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 302 302 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 309 309 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO); FT alternate. FT CROSSLNK 309 309 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin); FT alternate. FT CROSSLNK 321 321 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT CROSSLNK 325 325 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin) (By FT similarity). FT CROSSLNK 326 326 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin) (By FT similarity). FT CROSSLNK 399 399 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). FT VAR_SEQ 1 1 M -> MALVIQVGKLRPREVRTPQTINPSLFPSLPVKLSSI FT IEVPSGGERCCSRRTLVYKARAFWKGAPLPCWM (in FT isoform 2). FT /FTId=VSP_041000. FT VAR_SEQ 174 224 Missing (in isoform 3). FT /FTId=VSP_041001. FT VAR_SEQ 257 304 Missing (in isoform 3). FT /FTId=VSP_041002. FT VARIANT 57 57 E -> K (in IP; shows the same luciferase FT activity as the control; FT dbSNP:rs148695964). FT /FTId=VAR_026491. FT VARIANT 90 90 Missing (in IP; only 46.3% of the FT activation obtained with the wild-type FT protein). FT /FTId=VAR_026492. FT VARIANT 113 113 D -> N (in dbSNP:rs179363896). FT /FTId=VAR_026493. FT VARIANT 123 123 R -> W (in IP; shows the same luciferase FT activity as the control; FT dbSNP:rs179363895). FT /FTId=VAR_026494. FT VARIANT 153 153 L -> R (in EDAID). FT /FTId=VAR_026495. FT VARIANT 173 173 R -> G (in IPD2; dbSNP:rs179363866). FT /FTId=VAR_031958. FT VARIANT 175 175 R -> P (in EDAID; dbSNP:rs179363868). FT /FTId=VAR_011320. FT VARIANT 227 227 L -> P (in EDAID; dbSNP:rs179363869). FT /FTId=VAR_011321. FT VARIANT 288 288 A -> G (in EDAID). FT /FTId=VAR_011322. FT VARIANT 311 311 D -> N (in EDAID; abolishes binding to FT polyubiquitin ('K63'-linked and linear) FT and greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding; dbSNP:rs179363867). FT /FTId=VAR_011323. FT VARIANT 315 315 E -> A (in AMCBX1; greatly impairs tandem FT ubiquitin binding). FT /FTId=VAR_031959. FT VARIANT 319 319 R -> Q (in AMCBX1; impairs tandem FT ubiquitin binding). FT /FTId=VAR_031960. FT VARIANT 323 323 A -> P (in IP; diminishes interaction FT with TRAF6 and polyubiquitination, FT greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin binding; FT dbSNP:rs179363865). FT /FTId=VAR_042666. FT VARIANT 406 406 D -> V (in EDAID). FT /FTId=VAR_011324. FT VARIANT 407 407 M -> V (in IP; impairs binding to FT ubiquitin). FT /FTId=VAR_009182. FT VARIANT 417 417 C -> F (in EDAID; dbSNP:rs137853326). FT /FTId=VAR_011325. FT VARIANT 417 417 C -> R (in EDAID; loss of sumoylation). FT /FTId=VAR_011326. FT VARIANT 417 417 C -> Y (in NEMOID; dbSNP:rs137853326). FT /FTId=VAR_026496. FT MUTAGEN 68 68 S->A: Increases formation of homodimers. FT MUTAGEN 68 68 S->E: Abolishes interaction with IKBKB; FT abolishes TNF-alpha induced NF-kappa-B FT activity. FT MUTAGEN 85 85 S->A: Decreases ubiquitination and FT abolishes nuclear export. FT MUTAGEN 115 115 K->R: No change in the ubiquitination FT level; when associated with R-399. FT MUTAGEN 224 224 K->R: No change in the ubiquitination FT level; when associated with R-399. FT MUTAGEN 277 277 K->A: Partial abolition of sumoylation. FT Abolishes sumoylation and IKK activation; FT when associated with A-309. FT MUTAGEN 285 285 K->R: Important decrease in the FT ubiquitination level; when associated FT with R-399. FT MUTAGEN 296 296 E->A: No effet on oligomerization,impairs FT binding of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiuitin and FT linear tetra-ubiquitin, impairs TNF- FT induced NF-kappa-B activation. FT MUTAGEN 300 300 V->D: Greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding. FT MUTAGEN 301 301 L->A: Impairs tandem ubiquitin binding. FT MUTAGEN 304 304 Q->A: Impairs tandem ubiquitin binding. FT MUTAGEN 307 307 I->N: Greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding. FT MUTAGEN 308 308 Y->A: Greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding. FT MUTAGEN 309 309 K->A: Partial abolition of sumoylation. FT Abolishes sumoylation and IKK activation; FT when associated with A-277. FT MUTAGEN 312 312 F->A: Greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding,impairs oligomerization, impairs FT TNF-induced NF-kappa-B activation. FT MUTAGEN 312 312 F->W: MNo effet on oligomerization, FT preferentially binds tri-ubiquitin chains FT ('Lys-48' or 'Lys-63'-linked). FT MUTAGEN 312 312 F->Y: Impairs tandem ubiquitin binding. FT MUTAGEN 313 313 Q->A: Impairs tandem ubiquitin binding. FT MUTAGEN 315 315 E->A: Impairs oligomerization, impairs FT binding of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiuitin and FT linear tetra-ubiquitin, impairs TNF- FT induced NF-kappa-B activation. FT MUTAGEN 315 315 E->Q: Greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding. FT MUTAGEN 317 317 Q->A,W: Greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding. FT MUTAGEN 323 323 A->D: Greatly impairs tandem ubiquitin FT binding. FT MUTAGEN 323 323 A->P: Impairs oligomerization, greatly FT impairs binding of 'Lys-63'-linked FT ubiuitin, and linear tetra-ubiquitin, FT impairs TNF-induced NF-kappa-B FT activation. FT MUTAGEN 329 329 L->A: Impairs oligomerization, impairs FT binding of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiuitin, FT impairs TNF-induced NF-kappa-B FT activation; when associated with A-336. FT MUTAGEN 329 329 L->P: Abolishes binding to polyubiquitin. FT MUTAGEN 336 336 L->A: Impairs oligomerization, impairs FT binding of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiuitin, FT impairs TNF-induced NF-kappa-B FT activation; when associated with A-329. FT MUTAGEN 399 399 K->R: Abolishes BCL10-mediated but not FT RIPK2-mediated ubiquitination. Important FT decrease in the ubiquitination level; FT when associated with R-285. No change in FT the ubiquitination level; when associated FT with R-115 or R-224. FT MUTAGEN 414 414 V->S: Abolishes binding to polyubiquitin. FT MUTAGEN 415 415 M->S: Impairs binding to polyubiquitin. FT CONFLICT 341 341 S -> R (in Ref. 1; AAD12183). FT CONFLICT 387 387 S -> R (in Ref. 1; AAD12183). FT HELIX 50 108 FT TURN 194 196 FT HELIX 197 249 FT TURN 271 279 FT HELIX 280 321 FT STRAND 394 396 FT STRAND 403 406 FT HELIX 407 416 SQ SEQUENCE 419 AA; 48198 MW; 322D1037881447FF CRC64; MNRHLWKSQL CEMVQPSGGP AADQDVLGEE SPLGKPAMLH LPSEQGAPET LQRCLEENQE LRDAIRQSNQ ILRERCEELL HFQASQREEK EFLMCKFQEA RKLVERLGLE KLDLKRQKEQ ALREVEHLKR CQQQMAEDKA SVKAQVTSLL GELQESQSRL EAATKECQAL EGRARAASEQ ARQLESEREA LQQQHSVQVD QLRMQGQSVE AALRMERQAA SEEKRKLAQL QVAYHQLFQE YDNHIKSSVV GSERKRGMQL EDLKQQLQQA EEALVAKQEV IDKLKEEAEQ HKIVMETVPV LKAQADIYKA DFQAERQARE KLAEKKELLQ EQLEQLQREY SKLKASCQES ARIEDMRKRH VEVSQAPLPP APAYLSSPLA LPSQRRSPPE EPPDFCCPKC QYQAPDMDTL QIHVMECIE //