Q9UMX1 (SUFU_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
January 25, 2012.
Version 88.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Suppressor of fused homolog Short name=SUFUH | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 484 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Negative regulator in the hedgehog signaling pathway. Down-regulates GLI1-mediated transactivation of target genes. Part of a corepressor complex that acts on DNA-bound GLI1. May also act by linking GLI1 to BTRC and thereby targeting GLI1 to degradation by the proteasome. Sequesters GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3 in the cytoplasm, this effect is overcome by binding of STK36 to both SUFU and a GLI protein. Negative regulator of beta-catenin signaling. Regulates the formation of either the repressor form (GLI3R) or the activator form (GLI3A) of the full length form of GLI3 (GLI3FL). GLI3FL is complexed with SUFU in the cytoplasm and is maintained in a neutral state. Without the Hh signal, the SUFU-GLI3 complex is recruited to cilia, leading to the efficient processing of GLI3FL into GLI3R. When Hh signaling is initiated, SUFU dissociates from GLI3FL and the latter translocates to the nucleus, where it is phosphorylated, destabilized, and converted to a transcriptional activator (GLI3A). Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.9 |
| Subunit structure | May form homodimers. Part of a DNA-bound corepressor complex containing SAP18, GLI1 and SIN3. Part of a complex containing CTNNB1. Binds BTRC, GLI2, GLI3, SAP18 and STK36. Binds both free and DNA-bound GLI1. Interacts with KIF7. Interacts with GLI3FL and this interaction regulates the formation of either repressor or activator forms of GLI3. Its association with GLI3FL is regulated by Hh signaling and dissociation of the SUFU-GLI3 interaction requires the presence of the ciliary motor KIF3A By similarity. Interacts with ULK3; inactivating the protein kinase activity of ULK3. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.9 Ref.12 Ref.13 |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Ubiquitous in adult tissues. Detected in osteoblasts of the perichondrium in the developing limb of 12-week old embryos. Isoform 1 is detected in fetal brain, lung, kidney and testis. Isoform 2 is detected in fetal testis, and at much lower levels in fetal brain, lung and kidney. Ref.1 Ref.2 |
| Involvement in disease | Defects in SUFU are a cause of medulloblastoma (MDB) [MIM:155255]. MDB is a malignant, invasive embryonal tumor of the cerebellum with a preferential manifestation in children. Defects in SUFU play a role in predisposition to desmoplastic MDB. These tumors make up about 20 to 30% of medulloblastomas, have a more nodular architecture than 'classical' medulloblastoma, and may have a better prognosis. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the SUFU family. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLI1 | P08151 | 2 | EBI-740615,EBI-308084 | |
| PEX26 | Q7Z412 | 2 | EBI-740595,EBI-752057 | |
| RCN3 | Q96D15 | 2 | EBI-740595,EBI-746283 | |
| STK36 | Q9NRP7 | 2 | EBI-740595,EBI-863797 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9UMX1-1) Also known as: Su(fu)484; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Note: Major isoform. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9UMX1-2) Also known as: Su(fu)433; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 433-433: I → L 434-484: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q9UMX1-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 433-484: ILLTEEFVEK...PDVVFDSPLH → VRRPFFFSLL...LMDSGPGACV |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 484 | 484 | Suppressor of fused homolog | PRO_0000072302 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 303 | 1 | N6-acetyllysine Ref.11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 481 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural variations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 433 – 484 | 52 | ILLTE…DSPLH → VRRPFFFSLLPFIDFLAHPS SSPLAALDGTPSWGAGHECL MDSGPGACV in isoform 3. | VSP_013280 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 433 | 1 | I → L in isoform 2. | VSP_013278 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 434 – 484 | 51 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_013279 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 15 | 1 | P → L. Ref.3 Corresponds to variant rs28942088 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_021566 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 340 | 1 | A → S. Ref.3 Corresponds to variant rs34135067 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_021567 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 106 | 1 | E → A: No effect on down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 111 | 1 | D → A: No effect on down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 128 | 1 | T → A or D: No effect on down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 152 | 1 | E → A: No effect on down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 159 | 1 | D → A: Abolishes down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Has only slight effect on GLI1 binding. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 181 | 1 | E → A: No effect on down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 221 | 1 | E → A: No effect on down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 262 | 1 | D → A: No effect on down-regulation of GLI1 activity. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 336 | 1 | A → P in AAD50501. Ref.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 32 – 44 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 52 – 55 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 60 – 62 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 69 – 76 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 80 – 83 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 87 – 96 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 101 – 105 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 109 – 111 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 112 – 125 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 136 – 151 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 169 – 171 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 176 – 181 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 188 – 190 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 193 – 203 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 205 – 213 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 216 – 225 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 227 – 229 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 231 – 234 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 244 – 247 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 251 – 260 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Characterization of the human suppressor of fused, a negative regulator of the zinc-finger transcription factor Gli." Stone D.M., Murone M., Luoh S.-M., Ye W., Armanini M.P., Gurney A., Phillips H., Brush J., Goddard A., deSauvage F.J., Rosenthal A. J. Cell Sci. 112:4437-4448(1999) [PubMed: 10564661] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 3), FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH GLI1; GLI2; GLI3 AND BTRC, HOMODIMERIZATION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Fetal kidney, Fetal lung and Fetal testis. |
| [2] | "Mammalian suppressor-of-fused modulates nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of Gli-1." Kogerman P., Grimm T., Kogerman L., Krause D., Unden A.B., Sandstedt B., Toftgaard R., Zaphiropoulos P.G. Nat. Cell Biol. 1:312-319(1999) [PubMed: 10559945] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH GLI1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [3] | "Mutations in SUFU predispose to medulloblastoma." Taylor M.D., Liu L., Raffel C., Hui C.-C., Mainprize T.G., Zhang X., Agatep R., Chiappa S., Gao L., Lowrance A., Hao A., Goldstein A.M., Stavrou T., Scherer S.W., Dura W.T., Wainwright B., Squire J.A., Rutka J.T., Hogg D. Nat. Genet. 31:306-310(2002) [PubMed: 12068298] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, VARIANTS LEU-15 AND SER-340, ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDULLOBLASTOMA. |
| [4] | "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment." Clark H.F., Gurney A.L., Abaya E., Baker K., Baldwin D.T., Brush J., Chen J., Chow B., Chui C., Crowley C., Currell B., Deuel B., Dowd P., Eaton D., Foster J.S., Grimaldi C., Gu Q., Hass P.E. Gray A.M.Genome Res. 13:2265-2270(2003) [PubMed: 12975309] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). |
| [5] | "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10." Deloukas P., Earthrowl M.E., Grafham D.V., Rubenfield M., French L., Steward C.A., Sims S.K., Jones M.C., Searle S., Scott C., Howe K., Hunt S.E., Andrews T.D., Gilbert J.G.R., Swarbreck D., Ashurst J.L., Taylor A., Battles J. Rogers J.Nature 429:375-381(2004) [PubMed: 15164054] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Muscle. |
| [7] | "Suppressor of fused gene involved in hedgehog signal transduction in Drosophila melanogaster is conserved in mammals." Delattre M., Briand S., Paces-Fessy M., Blanchet-Tournier M.-F. Dev. Genes Evol. 209:294-300(1999) [PubMed: 11252182] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 3-484 (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Neuron. |
| [8] | "The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium." Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K., Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I. BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed: 17974005] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 442-484 (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Testis. |
| [9] | "Gli regulation by the opposing activities of fused and suppressor of fused." Murone M., Luoh S.-L., Stone D., Li W., Gurney A., Armanini M., Grey C., Rosenthal A., de Sauvage F.J. Nat. Cell Biol. 2:310-312(2000) [PubMed: 10806483] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH STK36. |
| [10] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-481, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [11] | "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions." Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T., Olsen J.V., Mann M. Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed: 19608861] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-303, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [12] | "Dual function of UNC-51-like kinase 3 (Ulk3) in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway." Maloverjan A., Piirsoo M., Kasak L., Peil L., Osterlund T., Kogerman P. J. Biol. Chem. 285:30079-30090(2010) [PubMed: 20643644] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH ULK3. |
| [13] | "Suppressor of fused regulates Gli activity through a dual binding mechanism." Merchant M., Vajdos F.F., Ultsch M., Maun H.R., Wendt U., Cannon J., Desmarais W., Lazarus R.A., de Vos A.M., de Sauvage F.J. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:8627-8641(2004) [PubMed: 15367681] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.65 ANGSTROMS) OF 27-268, INTERACTION WITH GLI1, MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-106; ASP-111; THR-128; GLU-152; ASP-159; GLU-181; GLU-221 AND ASP-262. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF144231 mRNA. Translation: AAF23890.1. AF159447 mRNA. Translation: AAF23893.1. AF222345 mRNA. Translation: AAF35866.1. AF175770 mRNA. Translation: AAD50501.1. AY081829 AY081827 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAM08947.1.AY358550 mRNA. Translation: AAQ88914.1. AL121928, AL391121, AL157386 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI12525.1. AL121928, AL157386, AL391121 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI12526.1. AL157386, AL391121, AL121928 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI39614.1. AL157386, AL121928, AL391121 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI39615.1. AL391121, AL121928, AL157386 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI40864.1. AL391121, AL121928, AL157386 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI40865.1. BC013291 mRNA. Translation: AAH13291.1. AF172319 mRNA. Translation: AAD51655.1. AL137465 mRNA. Translation: CAB70752.1. | ||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00099179. IPI00556458. IPI00556521. | ||||||||||||
| PIR | T46409. | ||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_001171604.1. NM_001178133.1. NP_057253.2. NM_016169.3. | ||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.404089. | ||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
| ||||||||||||
| ProteinModelPortal | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
| SMR | Q9UMX1. Positions 27-262. | ||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||
| IntAct | Q9UMX1. 16 interactions. | ||||||||||||
| MINT | MINT-1441707. | ||||||||||||
| STRING | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||
| DMDM | 62511179. | ||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||
| PRIDE | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000369902; ENSP00000358918; ENSG00000107882. | ||||||||||||
| GeneID | 51684. | ||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:51684. | ||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc001kvx.2. human. uc001kvy.1. human. | ||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||
| CTD | 51684. | ||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC10P104253. | ||||||||||||
| H-InvDB | HIX0009163. | ||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:16466. SUFU. | ||||||||||||
| HPA | HPA008700. | ||||||||||||
| MIM | 155255. phenotype. 607035. gene. | ||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
| Orphanet | 251858. Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity. | ||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA38146. | ||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||
| GeneTree | ENSGT00390000009747. | ||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG061539. | ||||||||||||
| InParanoid | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
| OMA | RHGRHFT. | ||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG49S666. | ||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | hedgehog_glipathway. Hedgehog signaling events mediated by Gli proteins. | ||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
| Bgee | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_SUFU. | ||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | Q9UMX1. | ||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000107882. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR007768. SUFU-like. IPR024314. SUFU_C. IPR020941. SUFU_domain. IPR016591. Suppressor_of_fused_protein. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| KO | K06229. | ||||||||||||
| PANTHER | PTHR10928. SUFU. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF05076. SUFU. 1 hit. PF12470. SUFU_C. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| PIRSF | PIRSF011844. Suppressor_of_fused_protein. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||
| NextBio | 55686. | ||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | SUFU_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q9UMX1 Secondary accession number(s): Q7LCP7 Q9UMY0 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 10 Human chromosome 10: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with