Q9UBE8 (NLK_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 29, 2013.
Version 121.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase NLK EC=2.7.11.24 Alternative name(s): Nemo-like kinase Protein LAK1 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 527 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Serine/threonine-protein kinase that regulates a number of transcription factors with key roles in cell fate determination. Positive effector of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, acting downstream of WNT5A, MAP3K7/TAK1 and HIPK2. Activation of this pathway causes binding to and phosphorylation of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1. The NLK-SETDB1 complex subsequently interacts with PPARG, leading to methylation of PPARG target promoters at histone H3K9 and transcriptional silencing. The resulting loss of PPARG target gene transcription inhibits adipogenesis and promotes osteoblastogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Negative regulator of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Binds to and phosphorylates TCF7L2/TCF4 and LEF1, promoting the dissociation of the TCF7L2/LEF1/beta-catenin complex from DNA, as well as the ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis of LEF1. Together these effects inhibit the transcriptional activation of canonical Wnt/beta-catenin target genes. Negative regulator of the Notch signaling pathway. Binds to and phosphorylates NOTCH1, thereby preventing the formation of a transcriptionally active ternary complex of NOTCH1, RBPJ/RBPSUH and MAML1. Negative regulator of the MYB family of transcription factors. Phosphorylation of MYB leads to its subsequent proteolysis while phosphorylation of MYBL1 and MYBL2 inhibits their interaction with the coactivator CREBBP. Other transcription factors may also be inhibited by direct phosphorylation of CREBBP itself. Acts downstream of IL6 and MAP3K7/TAK1 to phosphorylate STAT3, which is in turn required for activation of NLK by MAP3K7/TAK1. Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.12 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. UniProtKB O54949 |
| Cofactor | Magnesium By similarity. UniProtKB O54949 |
| Enzyme regulation | Activated by dimerization and subsequent intermolecular autophosphorylation on Thr-298 By similarity. Activated by the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, in which WNT5A treatment leads to activation of MAP3K7/TAK1 and HIPK2, which subsequently phosphorylates and activates this protein. Other cytokines such as IL6 may also activate this regulatory circuit. Ref.6 Ref.7 |
| Subunit structure | Homodimer. Homodimerization is required for intermolecular autophosphorylation, kinase activation and nuclear localization By similarity. May interact with components of cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes By similarity. Interacts with LEF1, MEF2A, MYBL1 and MYBL2 By similarity. Interacts with the upstream activating kinases HIPK2 and MAP3K7/TAK1. Interaction with MAP3K7/TAK1 seems to be indirect, and may be mediated by other proteins such as STAT3, TAB1 and TAB2. Interacts with and phosphorylates a number of transcription factors including FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, MYB, NOTCH1 and TCF7L2/TCF4. Interacts with DAPK3/ZIPK, and this interaction may disrupt interaction with transcription factors such as TCF7L2/TCF4. Forms a transcriptional repressor complex with CHD7, PPARG and SETDB1. Interacts with RNF138/NARF. Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus By similarity. Cytoplasm By similarity. Note: Predominantly nuclear. A smaller fraction is cytoplasmic By similarity. Ref.10 Ref.12 |
| Domain | Contains a TQE activation loop motif in which autophosphorylation of the threonine residue (Thr-298) is sufficient for kinase activation. This mode of activation contrasts with that of classical MAP kinases, which contain a TXY activation loop motif in which phosphorylation of both the threonine and tyrosine residues is required for kinase activation. |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylated on Thr-298. Intermolecular autophosphorylation on Thr-298 activates the enzyme. Ref.10 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence AAD56013.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. The sequence AAF04857.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. The sequence ABC40748.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. The sequence BAG37718.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| itself | 2 | EBI-366978,EBI-366978 | ||
| RCHY1 | Q96PM5 | 5 | EBI-366978,EBI-947779 | |
| SMAD4 | Q13485 | 5 | EBI-366978,EBI-347263 |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 527 | 527 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase NLK | PRO_0000186336 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 138 – 427 | 290 | Protein kinase | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 144 – 152 | 9 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 1 – 304 | 304 | Required for interaction with TAB2 By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 1 – 125 | 125 | Sufficient for interaction with DAPK3 | ||||||
| Region | 124 – 416 | 293 | Sufficient for interaction with DAPK3 | ||||||
| Region | 428 – 527 | 100 | Required for homodimerization and kinase activation and localization to the nucleus By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 434 – 527 | 94 | Required for interaction with TAB2 By similarity | ||||||
| Motif | 298 – 300 | 3 | TQE | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 22 – 25 | 4 | Poly-Ala | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 27 – 34 | 8 | Poly-His | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 42 – 48 | 7 | Poly-His | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 71 – 83 | 13 | Poly-Ala | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 106 – 111 | 6 | Poly-Ala | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 115 – 119 | 5 | Poly-Ala | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 264 | 1 | Proton acceptor By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 167 | 1 | ATP Probable | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 298 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis Ref.13 Ref.14 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 522 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.13 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Natural variant | 177 | 1 | V → A. Corresponds to variant rs11871287 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_019549 | |||||
| Natural variant | 343 | 1 | A → T in a glioblastoma multiforme sample; somatic mutation. Ref.19 | VAR_042273 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 167 | 1 | K → N: Abrogates kinase activity. Ref.12 Ref.15 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 25 | 1 | A → T in AAH64663. Ref.5 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Characterization of the Fugu rubripes NLK and FN5 genes flanking the NF1 (Neurofibromatosis type 1) gene in the 5' direction and mapping of the human counterparts." Kehrer-Sawatzki H., Moschgath E., Maier C., Legius E., Elgar G., Krone W. Gene 251:63-71(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Placenta. |
| [2] | "Cloning of human LAK1 cDNA." Wang C., Lo H. Submitted (AUG-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: T-cell. |
| [3] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Amygdala. |
| [4] | NHLBI resequencing and genotyping service (RS&G) Submitted (DEC-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Uterus. |
| [6] | "The TAK1-NLK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade functions in the Wnt-5a/Ca(2+) pathway to antagonize Wnt/beta-catenin signaling." Ishitani T., Kishida S., Hyodo-Miura J., Ueno N., Yasuda J., Waterman M., Shibuya H., Moon R.T., Ninomiya-Tsuji J., Matsumoto K. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:131-139(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, ENZYME REGULATION. |
| [7] | "Role of the TAK1-NLK-STAT3 pathway in TGF-beta-mediated mesoderm induction." Ohkawara B., Shirakabe K., Hyodo-Miura J., Matsuo R., Ueno N., Matsumoto K., Shibuya H. Genes Dev. 18:381-386(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, ENZYME REGULATION. |
| [8] | "Wnt-1 signal induces phosphorylation and degradation of c-Myb protein via TAK1, HIPK2, and NLK." Kanei-Ishii C., Ninomiya-Tsuji J., Tanikawa J., Nomura T., Ishitani T., Kishida S., Kokura K., Kurahashi T., Ichikawa-Iwata E., Kim Y., Matsumoto K., Ishii S. Genes Dev. 18:816-829(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MYB AND HIPK2. |
| [9] | "Wnt activates the Tak1/Nemo-like kinase pathway." Smit L., Baas A., Kuipers J., Korswagen H., van de Wetering M., Clevers H. J. Biol. Chem. 279:17232-17240(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [10] | "STAT3 regulates Nemo-like kinase by mediating its interaction with IL-6-stimulated TGFbeta-activated kinase 1 for STAT3 Ser-727 phosphorylation." Kojima H., Sasaki T., Ishitani T., Iemura S., Zhao H., Kaneko S., Kunimoto H., Natsume T., Matsumoto K., Nakajima K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:4524-4529(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION, INTERACTION WITH MAP3K7 AND STAT3, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [11] | "NARF, an nemo-like kinase (NLK)-associated ring finger protein regulates the ubiquitylation and degradation of T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF)." Yamada M., Ohnishi J., Ohkawara B., Iemura S., Satoh K., Hyodo-Miura J., Kawachi K., Natsume T., Shibuya H. J. Biol. Chem. 281:20749-20760(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH RNF138 AND TCF7L2. |
| [12] | "A histone lysine methyltransferase activated by non-canonical Wnt signalling suppresses PPAR-gamma transactivation." Takada I., Mihara M., Suzawa M., Ohtake F., Kobayashi S., Igarashi M., Youn M.Y., Takeyama K., Nakamura T., Mezaki Y., Takezawa S., Yogiashi Y., Kitagawa H., Yamada G., Takada S., Minami Y., Shibuya H., Matsumoto K., Kato S. Nat. Cell Biol. 9:1273-1285(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, IDENTIFICATION IN A COMPLEX WITH CHD7; PPARG AND SETDB1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-167. |
| [13] | "Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome." Oppermann F.S., Gnad F., Olsen J.V., Hornberger R., Greff Z., Keri G., Mann M., Daub H. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:1751-1764(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-298 AND SER-522, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [14] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-298, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Leukemic T-cell. |
| [15] | "Regulation of FOXO1 by TAK1-Nemo-like kinase pathway." Kim S., Kim Y., Lee J., Chung J. J. Biol. Chem. 285:8122-8129(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH FOXO1, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-167. |
| [16] | "Nemo-like kinase suppresses Notch signalling by interfering with formation of the Notch active transcriptional complex." Ishitani T., Hirao T., Suzuki M., Isoda M., Ishitani S., Harigaya K., Kitagawa M., Matsumoto K., Itoh M. Nat. Cell Biol. 12:278-285(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH NOTCH1. |
| [17] | "Oxidative stress-dependent regulation of Forkhead box O4 activity by nemo-like kinase." Szypowska A.A., de Ruiter H., Meijer L.A.T., Smits L.M.M., Burgering B.M.T. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 14:563-578(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH FOXO1; FOXO3 AND FOXO4. |
| [18] | "Zipper-interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) modulates canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling through interaction with Nemo-like kinase and T-cell factor 4 (NLK/TCF4)." Togi S., Ikeda O., Kamitani S., Nakasuji M., Sekine Y., Muromoto R., Nanbo A., Oritani K., Kawai T., Akira S., Matsuda T. J. Biol. Chem. 286:19170-19177(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH DAPK3 AND TCF7L2. |
| [19] | "Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes." Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. Stratton M.R.Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] THR-343. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF197898 mRNA. Translation: AAF04857.1. Different initiation. AF180819 mRNA. Translation: AAD56013.1. Different initiation. AK315315 mRNA. Translation: BAG37718.1. Different initiation. DQ316259 Genomic DNA. Translation: ABC40748.1. Different initiation. BC064663 mRNA. Translation: AAH64663.2. |
| IPI | IPI00936281. |
| RefSeq | NP_057315.3. NM_016231.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.208759. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q9UBE8. |
| SMR | Q9UBE8. Positions 143-468. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | Q9UBE8. 9 interactions. |
| MINT | MINT-2873487. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000384625. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q9UBE8. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 262527551. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q9UBE8. |
| PRIDE | Q9UBE8. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000407008; ENSP00000384625; ENSG00000087095. |
| GeneID | 51701. |
| KEGG | hsa:51701. |
| UCSC | uc010crj.3. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 51701. |
| GeneCards | GC17P026369. |
| HGNC | HGNC:29858. NLK. |
| HPA | HPA018192. |
| MIM | 609476. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q9UBE8. |
| PharmGKB | PA134914500. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | COG0515. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000233024. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG014652. |
| InParanoid | Q9UBE8. |
| KO | K04468. |
| OMA | CKCCYTT. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4QFWD8. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | wnt_canonical_pathway. Canonical Wnt signaling pathway. wnt_calcium_pathway. Noncanonical Wnt signaling pathway. ps1pathway. Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling. |
| SignaLink | Q9UBE8. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q9UBE8. |
| Bgee | Q9UBE8. |
| CleanEx | HS_NLK. |
| Genevestigator | Q9UBE8. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR003527. MAP_kinase_CS. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR002290. Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF56112. Kinase_like. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS01351. MAPK. 1 hit. PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | Q9UBE8. |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL5364. |
| GenomeRNAi | 51701. |
| NextBio | 55724. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | NLK_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q9UBE8 Secondary accession number(s): B2RCX1, Q2PNI9, Q6P2A3 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human and mouse protein kinases Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index |
| Human chromosome 17 Human chromosome 17: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
