Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9SLH3 (RGA_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    DELLA protein RGA
Alternative name(s):
    Repressor on the ga1-3 mutant
    GAI-related sequence
    Restoration of growth on ammonia protein 1
    GRAS family protein 10
      Short name=AtGRAS-10

Gene names

Name:	RGA
Synonyms:	GRS, RGA1
Ordered Locus Names:	At2g01570
ORF Names:	F2I9.19

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	587 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Compared to other DELLA proteins, it is the most sensitive to GA application. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene, attenuation of auxin transport delaying its GA-induced degradation. Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.10 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.17 Ref.18
Subunit structure	Interacts directly with the GID2/SLY1 component of the SCF(GID2) complex. Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16
Subcellular location	Nucleus. Ref.5
Tissue specificity	Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed in roots, rosette leaves, bolting and mature stems, young and mature siliques, flower buds and influorescences. Ref.5 Ref.1 Ref.9
Domain	The DELLA motif is required for its GA-induced degradation but not for the interaction with GID2. Ref.8
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation may increase the interaction with GID2. Ref.15 Ubiquitinated. Upon GA application it is ubiquitinated by the SCF(GID2) complex, leading to its subsequent degradation. Ref.14 Ref.11
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the GRAS family. DELLA subfamily.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Gibberellin signaling pathway Transcription Transcription regulation
Cellular component	Nucleus
Molecular function	Developmental protein Repressor
PTM	Phosphoprotein Ubl conjugation
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	gibberellic acid mediated signaling Traceable author statement. Source: TAIR hyperosmotic salinity response Inferred from genetic interaction. Source: TAIR jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway Inferred from genetic interaction. Source: TAIR multicellular organismal development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW negative regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling Inferred from genetic interaction. Source: TAIR negative regulation of seed germination Inferred from genetic interaction. Source: TAIR regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process Inferred from genetic interaction. Source: TAIR regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW response to abscisic acid stimulus Inferred from genetic interaction. Source: TAIR response to ethylene stimulus Inferred from genetic interaction. Source: TAIR response to far red light Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR transcription Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	nucleus Ref.5 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	protein binding Ref.15 Inferred from physical interaction. Source: IntAct transcription factor activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
GID2	Q9STX3	2	EBI-963624,EBI-619033

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 587	587	DELLA protein RGA		PRO_0000132234
Regions
	Motif	44 – 48	5	DELLA motif
	Motif	323 – 327	5	VHIID
	Motif	423 – 427	5	LXXLL motif
	Compositional bias	190 – 200	11	Poly-Thr
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	44 – 60	17	Missing in rga-delta17; induces resistance to GA-induced degradation but does not affect nuclear localization. Ref.8
	Mutagenesis	341	1	Q → R: Causes a semidwarf phenotype by abolishing the interaction with GID2 leading to prevent its degradation. Ref.19
	Mutagenesis	478	1	D → N in rga-2; partially suppresses phenotypic defects of GA-mutant ga1-3. Ref.5
	Sequence conflict	86	1	T → A in CAA75493. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	139	1	K → E in CAA75493. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	203	1	G → A Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	203	1	G → A Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	209	1	V → D in AAK97709. Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	383	1	I → V in CAA75493. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	587	1	Y → H in CAA72177. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9SLH3-1 [UniParc]. Last modified May 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: FC92E7F9408072AA	FASTA	587	64,035
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKRDHHQFQG RLSNHGTSSS SSSISKDKMM MVKKEEDGGG NMDDELLAVL GYKVRSSEMA 70 80 90 100 110 120 EVALKLEQLE TMMSNVQEDG LSHLATDTVH YNPSELYSWL DNMLSELNPP PLPASSNGLD 130 140 150 160 170 180 PVLPSPEICG FPASDYDLKV IPGNAIYQFP AIDSSSSSNN QNKRLKSCSS PDSMVTSTST 190 200 210 220 230 240 GTQIGGVIGT TVTTTTTTTT AAGESTRSVI LVDSQENGVR LVHALMACAE AIQQNNLTLA 250 260 270 280 290 300 EALVKQIGCL AVSQAGAMRK VATYFAEALA RRIYRLSPPQ NQIDHCLSDT LQMHFYETCP 310 320 330 340 350 360 YLKFAHFTAN QAILEAFEGK KRVHVIDFSM NQGLQWPALM QALALREGGP PTFRLTGIGP 370 380 390 400 410 420 PAPDNSDHLH EVGCKLAQLA EAIHVEFEYR GFVANSLADL DASMLELRPS DTEAVAVNSV 430 440 450 460 470 480 FELHKLLGRP GGIEKVLGVV KQIKPVIFTV VEQESNHNGP VFLDRFTESL HYYSTLFDSL 490 500 510 520 530 540 EGVPNSQDKV MSEVYLGKQI CNLVACEGPD RVERHETLSQ WGNRFGSSGL APAHLGSNAF 550 560 570 580 KQASMLLSVF NSGQGYRVEE SNGCLMLGWH TRPLITTSAW KLSTAAY

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Sequence and characterization of two Arabidopsis thaliana cDNAs isolated by functional complementation of a yeast gln3 gdh1 mutant." Truong H.-N., Caboche M., Daniel-Vedele F. FEBS Lett. 410:213-218(1997) [PubMed: 9237632] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"The Arabidopsis GAI gene defines a signaling pathway that negatively regulates gibberellin responses." Peng J., Carol P., Richards D.E., King K.E., Cowling R.J., Murphy G.P., Harberd N.P. Genes Dev. 11:3194-3205(1997) [PubMed: 9389651] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Landsberg erecta.
[3]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Lin X., Kaul S., Rounsley S.D., Shea T.P., Benito M.-I., Town C.D., Fujii C.Y., Mason T.M., Bowman C.L., Barnstead M.E., Feldblyum T.V., Buell C.R., Ketchum K.A., Lee J.J., Ronning C.M., Koo H.L., Moffat K.S., Cronin L.A. , Shen M., Pai G., Van Aken S., Umayam L., Tallon L.J., Gill J.E., Adams M.D., Carrera A.J., Creasy T.H., Goodman H.M., Somerville C.R., Copenhaver G.P., Preuss D., Nierman W.C., White O., Eisen J.A., Salzberg S.L., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C. Nature 402:761-768(1999) [PubMed: 10617197] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"The Arabidopsis RGA gene encodes a transcriptional regulator repressing the gibberellin signal transduction pathway." Silverstone A.L., Ciampaglio C.N., Sun T.-P. Plant Cell 10:155-169(1998) [PubMed: 9490740] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, MUTAGENESIS OF ASP-478.
[6]	"Gibberellins are not required for normal stem growth in Arabidopsis thaliana in the absence of GAI and RGA." King K.E., Moritz T., Harberd N.P. Genetics 159:767-776(2001) [PubMed: 11606551] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[7]	"Synergistic derepression of gibberellin signaling by removing RGA and GAI function in Arabidopsis thaliana." Dill A., Sun T.-P. Genetics 159:777-785(2001) [PubMed: 11606552] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[8]	"The DELLA motif is essential for gibberellin-induced degradation of RGA." Dill A., Jung H.-S., Sun T.-P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:14162-14167(2001) [PubMed: 11717468] [Abstract] Cited for: DOMAIN, MUTAGENESIS OF 44-ASP--ALA-60.
[9]	"Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis seed germination via RGL2, a GAI/RGA-like gene whose expression is up-regulated following imbibition." Lee S., Cheng H., King K.E., Wang W., He Y., Hussain A., Lo J., Harberd N.P., Peng J. Genes Dev. 16:646-658(2002) [PubMed: 11877383] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[10]	"Auxin promotes Arabidopsis root growth by modulating gibberellin response." Fu X., Harberd N.P. Nature 421:740-743(2003) [PubMed: 12610625] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[11]	"The Arabidopsis SLEEPY1 gene encodes a putative F-box subunit of an SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase." McGinnis K.M., Thomas S.G., Soule J.D., Strader L.C., Zale J.M., Sun T.-P., Steber C.M. Plant Cell 15:1120-1130(2003) [PubMed: 12724538] [Abstract] Cited for: DEGRADATION.
[12]	"Ethylene regulates Arabidopsis development via the modulation of DELLA protein growth repressor function." Achard P., Vriezen W.H., Van Der Straeten D., Harberd N.P. Plant Cell 15:2816-2825(2003) [PubMed: 14615596] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[13]	"Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis floral development via suppression of DELLA protein function." Cheng H., Qin L., Lee S., Fu X., Richards D.E., Cao D., Luo D., Harberd N.P., Peng J. Development 131:1055-1064(2004) [PubMed: 14973286] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[14]	"The Arabidopsis F-box protein SLEEPY1 targets gibberellin signaling repressors for gibberellin-induced degradation." Dill A., Thomas S.G., Hu J., Steber C.M., Sun T.-P. Plant Cell 16:1392-1405(2004) [PubMed: 15155881] [Abstract] Cited for: PROBABLE UBIQUITINATION, INTERACTION WITH GID2.
[15]	"The Arabidopsis mutant sleepy1gar2-1 protein promotes plant growth by increasing the affinity of the SCFSLY1 E3 ubiquitin ligase for DELLA protein substrates." Fu X., Richards D.E., Fleck B., Xie D., Burton N., Harberd N.P. Plant Cell 16:1406-1418(2004) [PubMed: 15161962] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH GID2, PHOSPHORYLATION.
[16]	"Della proteins and gibberellin-regulated seed germination and floral development in Arabidopsis." Tyler L., Thomas S.G., Hu J., Dill A., Alonso J.M., Ecker J.R., Sun T.-P. Plant Physiol. 135:1008-1019(2004) [PubMed: 15173565] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH GID2.
[17]	"Floral homeotic genes are targets of gibberellin signaling in flower development." Yu H., Ito T., Zhao Y., Peng J., Kumar P., Meyerowitz E.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:7827-7832(2004) [PubMed: 15128937] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[18]	"Loss of function of four DELLA genes leads to light- and gibberellin-independent seed germination in Arabidopsis." Cao D., Hussain A., Cheng H., Peng J. Planta 223:105-113(2005) [PubMed: 16034591] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[19]	"A novel dwarfing mutation in a green revolution gene from Brassica rapa." Muangprom A., Thomas S.-G., Sun T.-P., Osborn T.C. Plant Physiol. 137:931-938(2005) [PubMed: 15734906] [Abstract] Cited for: MUTAGENESIS OF GLN-341.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	Y11336 mRNA. Translation: CAA72177.1. Y15194 mRNA. Translation: CAA75493.1. AC005560 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC67333.1. AY052239 mRNA. Translation: AAK97709.1. AY054160 mRNA. Translation: AAL06821.1. BT010467 mRNA. Translation: AAQ65090.1.
IPI	IPI00523272.
PIR	D84426.
RefSeq	NP_178266.1.
UniGene	At.24012
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q9SLH3. 4 interactions.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9SLH3.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	814686.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT2G01570 in contig CT485783_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT2G01570.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.7760.
Organism-specific databases
GeneFarm	4238. 427.
TAIR	At2g01570.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9SLH3.
GermOnline	AT2G01570. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR005202. GRAS. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF03514. GRAS. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50985. GRAS. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

RGA_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9SLH3
Secondary accession number(s): O23642, O23725, Q941D4

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 22, 2005
Last sequence update:	May 1, 2000
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 44 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)