Q9NYW5 (TA2R4_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Taste receptor type 2 member 4
Short name=T2R4

Gene names

Name:

TAS2R4

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	299 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Gustducin-coupled receptor for denatonium and N(6)-propyl-2-thiouracil implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5. In airway epithelial cells, binding of denatonium increases the intracellular calcium ion concentration and stimulates ciliary beat frequency. Ref.8
Subcellular location	Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection › cilium membrane. Note: In airway epithelial cells, localizes to motile cilia. Ref.8
Tissue specificity	Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelium and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells. Expressed on airway ciliated epithelium. Ref.8
Miscellaneous	Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Sensory transduction Taste
Cellular component	Cell membrane Cell projection Cilium Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Molecular function	G-protein coupled receptor Receptor Transducer
PTM	Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular_component	cilium membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell integral to membrane Inferred by curator Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	taste receptor activity Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 299	299	Taste receptor type 2 member 4		PRO_0000082205
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 9	9	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	10 – 30	21	Helical; Name=1; Potential
	Topological domain	31 – 46	16	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	47 – 67	21	Helical; Name=2; Potential
	Topological domain	68 – 81	14	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	82 – 102	21	Helical; Name=3; Potential
	Topological domain	103 – 131	29	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	132 – 152	21	Helical; Name=4; Potential
	Topological domain	153 – 172	20	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	173 – 193	21	Helical; Name=5; Potential
	Topological domain	194 – 230	37	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	231 – 251	21	Helical; Name=6; Potential
	Topological domain	252 – 262	11	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	263 – 283	21	Helical; Name=7; Potential
	Topological domain	284 – 299	16	Cytoplasmic Potential
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	164	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	165	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	169	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Natural variations
	Natural variant	3	1	R → Q. Corresponds to variant rs2233995 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_034535
	Natural variant	7	1	F → S. Corresponds to variant rs2233998 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_034536
	Natural variant	62	1	F → L. Corresponds to variant rs2233999 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_053341
	Natural variant	74	1	T → M. Corresponds to variant rs2234000 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_020200
	Natural variant	96	1	V → L. Corresponds to variant rs2234001 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_020201
	Natural variant	171	1	S → N. Corresponds to variant rs2234002 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_020202
	Natural variant	191	1	I → V. Corresponds to variant rs2234003 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_053342

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9NYW5 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: 8265610092B19945	FASTA	299	33,841
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLRLFYFSAI IASVILNFVG IIMNLFITVV NCKTWVKSHR ISSSDRILFS LGITRFLMLG 70 80 90 100 110 120 LFLVNTIYFV SSNTERSVYL SAFFVLCFMF LDSSSVWFVT LLNILYCVKI TNFQHSVFLL 130 140 150 160 170 180 LKRNISPKIP RLLLACVLIS AFTTCLYITL SQASPFPELV TTRNNTSFNI SEGILSLVVS 190 200 210 220 230 240 LVLSSSLQFI INVTSASLLI HSLRRHIQKM QKNATGFWNP QTEAHVGAMK LMVYFLILYI 250 260 270 280 290 PYSVATLVQY LPFYAGMDMG TKSICLIFAT LYSPGHSVLI IITHPKLKTT AKKILCFKK

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A novel family of mammalian taste receptors." Adler E., Hoon M.A., Mueller K.L., Chandrashekar J., Ryba N.J.P., Zuker C.S. Cell 100:693-702(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], TOPOLOGY.
[2]	"Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes." Fischer A., Gilad Y., Man O., Paeaebo S. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22:432-436(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7." Hillier L.W., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Graves T.A., Pepin K.H., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Maas J., Jaeger S., Walker R., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., O'Laughlin M.D., Schaller M.E., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L. , Nash W.E., Cordes M., Du H., Sun H., Edwards J., Bradshaw-Cordum H., Ali J., Andrews S., Isak A., Vanbrunt A., Nguyen C., Du F., Lamar B., Courtney L., Kalicki J., Ozersky P., Bielicki L., Scott K., Holmes A., Harkins R., Harris A., Strong C.M., Hou S., Tomlinson C., Dauphin-Kohlberg S., Kozlowicz-Reilly A., Leonard S., Rohlfing T., Rock S.M., Tin-Wollam A.-M., Abbott A., Minx P., Maupin R., Strowmatt C., Latreille P., Miller N., Johnson D., Murray J., Woessner J.P., Wendl M.C., Yang S.-P., Schultz B.R., Wallis J.W., Spieth J., Bieri T.A., Nelson J.O., Berkowicz N., Wohldmann P.E., Cook L.L., Hickenbotham M.T., Eldred J., Williams D., Bedell J.A., Mardis E.R., Clifton S.W., Chissoe S.L., Marra M.A., Raymond C., Haugen E., Gillett W., Zhou Y., James R., Phelps K., Iadanoto S., Bubb K., Simms E., Levy R., Clendenning J., Kaul R., Kent W.J., Furey T.S., Baertsch R.A., Brent M.R., Keibler E., Flicek P., Bork P., Suyama M., Bailey J.A., Portnoy M.E., Torrents D., Chinwalla A.T., Gish W.R., Eddy S.R., McPherson J.D., Olson M.V., Eichler E.E., Green E.D., Waterston R.H., Wilson R.K. Nature 424:157-164(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors." Chandrashekar J., Mueller K.L., Hoon M.A., Adler E., Feng L., Guo W., Zuker C.S., Ryba N.J.P. Cell 100:703-711(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION.
[5]	"Receptors for bitter and sweet taste." Montmayeur J.-P., Matsunami H. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12:366-371(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
[6]	"Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction." Margolskee R.F. J. Biol. Chem. 277:1-4(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
[7]	"Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways." Zhang Y., Hoon M.A., Chandrashekar J., Mueller K.L., Cook B., Wu D., Zuker C.S., Ryba N.J. Cell 112:293-301(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
[8]	"Motile cilia of human airway epithelia are chemosensory." Shah A.S., Ben-Shahar Y., Moninger T.O., Kline J.N., Welsh M.J. Science 325:1131-1134(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

A tail of protection - Issue 119 of July 2010

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF227131 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF43904.1. AY724958 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAU21154.1. AC004979 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAS02039.1.
IPI	IPI00027213.
RefSeq	NP_058640.1. NM_016944.1.
UniGene	Hs.735690.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q9NYW5.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9606.ENSP00000247881.
Protein family/group databases
GPCRDB	Search...
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	29839665.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q9NYW5.
PRIDE	Q9NYW5.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	50832.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000247881; ENSP00000247881; ENSG00000127364.
GeneID	50832.
KEGG	hsa:50832.
UCSC	uc003vwq.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	50832.
GeneCards	GC07P141479.
HGNC	HGNC:14911. TAS2R4.
MIM	604869. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q9NYW5.
PharmGKB	PA37923.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG42218.
HOGENOM	HOG000126900.
HOVERGEN	HBG098740.
InParanoid	Q9NYW5.
KO	K08474.
OMA	VERSVYL.
OrthoDB	EOG4QVCCM.
PhylomeDB	Q9NYW5.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9NYW5.
Bgee	Q9NYW5.
CleanEx	HS_TAS2R4.
Genevestigator	Q9NYW5.
GermOnline	ENSG00000127364. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR007960. TAS2_rcpt. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF05296. TAS2R. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	50832.
NextBio	53277.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

TA2R4_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9NYW5
Secondary accession number(s): Q645W5, Q75MV8

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 11, 2003
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 95 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.