Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9NUB1 (ACS2L_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial
    EC=6.2.1.1
Alternative name(s):
    Acetate--CoA ligase 2
    Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2
    Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 1

Gene names

Name:	ACSS1
Synonyms:	ACAS2L, KIAA1846

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	689 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Converts acetate to acetyl-CoA so that it can be used for oxidation through the tricarboxylic cycle to produce ATP and CO2 By similarity.
Catalytic activity	ATP + acetate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA.
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion matrix By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
Sequence caution	The sequence BAC03853.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 250. The sequence BAC03853.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Miscellaneous discrepancy. Sequencing errors.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	ATP-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Ligase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	mitochondrial matrix Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	AMP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW acetate-CoA ligase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9NUB1-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9NUB1-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     446-447: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 36	36	Mitochondrion Potential
	Chain	37 – 689	653	Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2-like, mitochondrial		PRO_0000000596
Regions
	Compositional bias	45 – 53	9	Poly-Ala
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	446 – 447	2	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_007249
	Natural variant	488	1	V → M: dbSNP rs6050249. Ref.2		VAR_048184
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	277	1	V → M in AAH39261. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified April 23, 2003. Version 2. Checksum: 66E84E39302AD08B	FASTA	689	74,857
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAARTLGRGV GRLLGSLRGL SGQPARPPCG VSAPRRAASG PSGSAPAVAA AAAQPGSYPA 70 80 90 100 110 120 LSAQAAREPA AFWGPLARDT LVWDTPYHTV WDCDFSTGKI GWFLGGQLNV SVNCLDQHVR 130 140 150 160 170 180 KSPESVALIW ERDEPGTEVR ITYRELLETT CRLANTLKRH GVHRGDRVAI YMPVSPLAVA 190 200 210 220 230 240 AMLACARIGA VHTVIFAGFS AESLAGRIND AKCKVVITFN QGLRGGRVVE LKKIVDEAVK 250 260 270 280 290 300 HCPTVQHVLV AHRTDNKVHM GDLDVPLEQE MAKEDPVCAP ESMGSEDMLF MLYTSGSTGM 310 320 330 340 350 360 PKGIVHTQAG YLLYAALTHK LVFDHQPGDI FGCVADIGWI TGHSYVVYGP LCNGATSVLF 370 380 390 400 410 420 ESTPVYPNAG RYWETVERLK INQFYGAPTA VRLLLKYGDA WVKKYDRSSL RTLGSVGEPI 430 440 450 460 470 480 NCEAWEWLHR VVGDSRCTLV DTWWQTETGG ICIAPRPSEE GAEILPAMAM RPFFGIVPVL 490 500 510 520 530 540 MDEKGSVVEG SNVSGALCIS QAWPGMARTI YGDHQRFVDA YFKAYPGYYF TGDGAYRTEG 550 560 570 580 590 600 GYYQITGRMD DVINISGHRL GTAEIEDAIA DHPAVPESAV IGYPHDIKGE AAFAFIVVKD 610 620 630 640 650 660 SAGDSDVVVQ ELKSMVATKI AKYAVPDEIL VVKRLPKTRS GKVMRRLLRK IITSEAQELG 670 680 DTTTLEDPSI IAEILSVYQK CKDKQAAAK
	Isoform 2. Checksum: 99888770D7E10BA4	FASTA	687	74,627
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAARTLGRGV GRLLGSLRGL SGQPARPPCG VSAPRRAASG PSGSAPAVAA AAAQPGSYPA 70 80 90 100 110 120 LSAQAAREPA AFWGPLARDT LVWDTPYHTV WDCDFSTGKI GWFLGGQLNV SVNCLDQHVR 130 140 150 160 170 180 KSPESVALIW ERDEPGTEVR ITYRELLETT CRLANTLKRH GVHRGDRVAI YMPVSPLAVA 190 200 210 220 230 240 AMLACARIGA VHTVIFAGFS AESLAGRIND AKCKVVITFN QGLRGGRVVE LKKIVDEAVK 250 260 270 280 290 300 HCPTVQHVLV AHRTDNKVHM GDLDVPLEQE MAKEDPVCAP ESMGSEDMLF MLYTSGSTGM 310 320 330 340 350 360 PKGIVHTQAG YLLYAALTHK LVFDHQPGDI FGCVADIGWI TGHSYVVYGP LCNGATSVLF 370 380 390 400 410 420 ESTPVYPNAG RYWETVERLK INQFYGAPTA VRLLLKYGDA WVKKYDRSSL RTLGSVGEPI 430 440 450 460 470 480 NCEAWEWLHR VVGDSRCTLV DTWWQTGGIC IAPRPSEEGA EILPAMAMRP FFGIVPVLMD 490 500 510 520 530 540 EKGSVVEGSN VSGALCISQA WPGMARTIYG DHQRFVDAYF KAYPGYYFTG DGAYRTEGGY 550 560 570 580 590 600 YQITGRMDDV INISGHRLGT AEIEDAIADH PAVPESAVIG YPHDIKGEAA FAFIVVKDSA 610 620 630 640 650 660 GDSDVVVQEL KSMVATKIAK YAVPDEILVV KRLPKTRSGK VMRRLLRKII TSEAQELGDT 670 680 TTLEDPSIIA EILSVYQKCK DKQAAAK

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20." Deloukas P., Matthews L.H., Ashurst J.L., Burton J., Gilbert J.G.R., Jones M., Stavrides G., Almeida J.P., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Barlow K.F., Bates K.N., Beard L.M., Beare D.M., Beasley O.P., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E. , Bridgeman A.M., Brown A.J., Buck D., Burrill W.D., Butler A.P., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clamp M., Clark G., Clark L.N., Clark S.Y., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Cobley V.E., Collier R.E., Connor R.E., Corby N.R., Coulson A., Coville G.J., Deadman R., Dhami P.D., Dunn M., Ellington A.G., Frankland J.A., Fraser A., French L., Garner P., Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths M.N.D., Gwilliam R., Hall R.E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Heath P.D., Ho S., Holden J.L., Howden P.J., Huckle E., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Jekosch K., Johnson C.M., Johnson D., Kay M.P., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A., Laird G.K., Lawlor S., Lehvaeslaiho M.H., Leversha M.A., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Lovell J.D., Marsh V.L., Martin S.L., McConnachie L.J., McLay K., McMurray A.A., Milne S.A., Mistry D., Moore M.J.F., Mullikin J.C., Nickerson T., Oliver K., Parker A., Patel R., Pearce T.A.V., Peck A.I., Phillimore B.J.C.T., Prathalingam S.R., Plumb R.W., Ramsay H., Rice C.M., Ross M.T., Scott C.E., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M.L., Soderlund C., Steward C.A., Sulston J.E., Swann R.M., Sycamore N., Taylor R., Tee L., Thomas D.W., Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A.C., Vaudin M., Wall M., Wallis J.M., Whitehead S.L., Whittaker P., Willey D.L., Williams L., Williams S.A., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Hubbard T., Durbin R.M., Bentley D.R., Beck S., Rogers J. Nature 414:865-871(2001) [PubMed: 11780052] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), VARIANT MET-488. Tissue: Brain and Testis.
[3]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 169-689 (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Placenta and Tongue.
[4]	"Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro." Nagase T., Nakayama M., Nakajima D., Kikuno R., Ohara O. DNA Res. 8:85-95(2001) [PubMed: 11347906] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 336-689 (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain.
[5]	"Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones." Nakajima D., Okazaki N., Yamakawa H., Kikuno R., Ohara O., Nagase T. DNA Res. 9:99-106(2002) [PubMed: 12168954] [Abstract] Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION.
[6]	Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L. Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AL035661, AL080312 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI21828.1. AL080312, AL035661 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI18917.1. BC039261 mRNA. Translation: AAH39261.1. BC044588 mRNA. Translation: AAH44588.1. AK027817 mRNA. Translation: BAB55390.1. Different initiation. AK092295 mRNA. Translation: BAC03853.1. Sequence problems. AB058749 mRNA. Translation: BAB47475.1.
IPI	IPI00216932. IPI00248961.
RefSeq	NP_115890.2.
UniGene	Hs.529353
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1PG4 based on UniProtKB Q8ZKF6.
ModBase	Search...
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q9NUB1.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9NUB1.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000154930. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	84532.
KEGG	hsa:84532.
NMPDR	fig|9606.3.peg.19997.
UCSC	uc002wub.1. human. uc002wuc.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards	GC20M024935.
H-InvDB	HIX0015699.
HGNC	HGNC:16091. ACSS1.
PharmGKB	PA24430.
HUGE	Search...
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	Q9NUB1.
OMA	Q9NUB1. NCLDQHV.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	6.2.1.1. 247.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9NUB1.
Bgee	Q9NUB1.
CleanEx	HS_ACSS1.
GermOnline	ENSG00000154930. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR011904. Ac_CoA_lig_AcsA. IPR000873. AMP-dep_Synth/Lig. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00501. AMP-binding. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
TIGRFAMs	TIGR02188. Ac_CoA_lig_AcsA. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00455. AMP_BINDING. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
DrugBank	DB00131. Adenosine monophosphate. DB00171. Adenosine triphosphate.
NextBio	74375.

Entry information

Entry name

ACS2L_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9NUB1
Secondary accession number(s): Q5TF42 , Q8IV99, Q8N234, Q96JI1, Q96JX6, Q9NU28

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 23, 2003
Last sequence update:	April 23, 2003
Last modified:	July 7, 2009
This is version 68 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)