Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9NS56 (TOPRS_HUMAN)
Last modified
January 19, 2010.
Version 71.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Topors EC=6.3.2.- Alternative name(s): SUMO1-protein E3 ligase Topors Topoisomerase I-binding RING finger protein Topoisomerase I-binding arginine/serine-rich protein Tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 3 Short name=p53-binding protein 3 Short name=p53BP3 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1045 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Functions as an ubiquitin-protein E3 ligase and as an E3 SUMO1-protein ligase. Can both ubiquitinate and sumoylate p53. Ref.8 Ref.12 |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with PARK7/DJ-1 By similarity. Interacts with TOP1. Interacts with p53. Interacts with the SUMO1 conjugating enzyme UBE2I. Interacts with SUMO1. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.7 |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus. Note: Localizes to discrete nuclear foci which partly overlap with PML nuclear bodies. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.2 Ref.6 |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed at highest levels in testis and at lower levels in adrenal gland, bone marrow, brain, colon, heart, kidney, liver, muscle, ovary, pancreas, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, skin, small intestine, spleen, stomach, testis, thymus, thyroid and uterus. Expressed in the alveolar epithelium of the lung. Expression is commonly decreased in colon adenocarcinomas and lung cancers. Ref.5 Ref.2 Ref.10 |
| Induction | By genotoxic agents such as cisplatin and camptothecin. Ref.13 |
| Post-translational modification | |
| Involvement in disease | Defects in TOPORS are the cause of retinitis pigmentosa type 31 (RP31) [MIM:609923]. RP leads to degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. RP31 inheritance is autosomal dominant. Ref.15 |
| Sequence similarities | Contains 1 RING-type zinc finger. |
| Caution | Was originally (Ref.2) thought to bind to the palindromic consensus sequence 5'-TCCCAGCACTTTGGGA-3' and to regulate the transcription of numerous genes in the lung. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9NS56-1) Also known as: LUN-1; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9NS56-2) Also known as: LUN-2; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-65: Missing. 66-66: E → M |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1045 | 1045 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Topors | PRO_0000232626 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Zinc finger | 103 – 142 | 40 | RING-type | ||||||
| Region | 1 – 195 | 195 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity | ||||||
| Region | 51 – 374 | 324 | Required for DNA-binding | ||||||
| Region | 437 – 654 | 218 | Interaction with SUMO1 | ||||||
| Region | 437 – 574 | 138 | Required for sumoylation and localization to discrete nuclear foci | ||||||
| Region | 456 – 882 | 427 | Interaction with TOP1 | ||||||
| Region | 456 – 731 | 276 | Interaction with p53 | ||||||
| Region | 854 – 917 | 64 | Interaction with UBE2I | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 579 – 788 | 210 | Arg-rich | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 854 – 895 | 42 | Lys-rich | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 98 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.11 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.20 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 194 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.16 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 864 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.20 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 866 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.20 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 902 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.14 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 912 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.14 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 914 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.14 | ||||||
| Cross-link | 560 | Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO) | |||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 65 | 65 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_017916 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 66 | 1 | E → M in isoform 2. | VSP_017917 | |||||
| Natural variant | 154 | 1 | A → T: dbSNP rs17855104. Ref.4 | VAR_037629 | |||||
| Natural variant | 517 | 1 | E → K: dbSNP rs17855103. Ref.4 | VAR_037630 | |||||
| Natural variant | 749 | 1 | N → D: dbSNP rs17857515. Ref.4 | VAR_037631 | |||||
| Natural variant | 812 | 1 | P → R: dbSNP rs36034138. | VAR_037632 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 76 | 1 | K → R: No effect on sumoylation. Ref.7 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 131 | 1 | W → A: Abrogates E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. Ref.8 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 301 | 1 | K → R: No effect on sumoylation. Ref.7 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 485 | 1 | K → R: No effect on sumoylation. Ref.7 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 560 | 1 | K → R: Strongly reduces sumoylation. Ref.7 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 921 | 1 | K → R: No effect on sumoylation. Ref.7 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 124 – 125 | 2 | CF → K Ref.5 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 257 | 1 | N → S in AAD23379. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 308 | 1 | F → S in AAD23379. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 922 | 1 | E → G in AAD23379. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1040 | 1 | R → K in AAD23379. Ref.1 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Interaction between human topoisomerase I and a novel RING finger/arginine-serine protein." Haluska P. Jr., Saleem A., Rasheed Z., Ahmed F., Su E.W., Liu L.F., Rubin E.H. Nucleic Acids Res. 27:2538-2544(1999) [PubMed: 10352183] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), INTERACTION WITH TOP1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [2] | "Cloning and characterization of LUN, a novel RING-finger protein that is highly expressed in lung and specifically binds to a palindromic sequence." Chu D., Kakazu N., Gorrin-Rivas M.J., Lu H.P., Kawata M., Abe T., Ueda K., Adachi Y. J. Biol. Chem. 276:14004-14013(2001) [PubMed: 11278651] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), PUTATIVE DNA-BINDING, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Lung. |
| [3] | "DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9." Humphray S.J., Oliver K., Hunt A.R., Plumb R.W., Loveland J.E., Howe K.L., Andrews T.D., Searle S., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Jones M.C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Babbage S., Bagguley C.L. Dunham I.Nature 429:369-374(2004) [PubMed: 15164053] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS THR-154; LYS-517 AND ASP-749. Tissue: Placenta. |
| [5] | "Identification of a novel gene encoding a p53-associated protein." Zhou R., Wen H., Ao S.-Z. Gene 235:93-101(1999) [PubMed: 10415337] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 51-1045 (ISOFORM 1), INTERACTION WITH TP53, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [6] | "The topoisomerase I-binding RING protein, topors, is associated with promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies." Rasheed Z.A., Saleem A., Ravee Y., Pandolfi P.P., Rubin E.H. Exp. Cell Res. 277:152-160(2002) [PubMed: 12083797] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [7] | "The DNA topoisomerase I binding protein topors as a novel cellular target for SUMO-1 modification: characterization of domains necessary for subcellular localization and sumolation." Weger S., Hammer E., Engstler M. Exp. Cell Res. 290:13-27(2003) [PubMed: 14516784] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SUMO1 AND UBE2I, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, SUMOYLATION, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-76; LYS-301; LYS-485; LYS-560 AND LYS-921. |
| [8] | "Topors functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase with specific E2 enzymes and ubiquitinates p53." Rajendra R., Malegaonkar D., Pungaliya P., Marshall H., Rasheed Z., Brownell J., Liu L.F., Lutzker S., Saleem A., Rubin E.H. J. Biol. Chem. 279:36440-36444(2004) [PubMed: 15247280] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF TRP-131. |
| [9] | "Expression of LUN gene that encodes a novel RING finger protein is correlated with development and progression of non-small cell lung cancer." Oyanagi H., Takenaka K., Ishikawa S., Kawano Y., Adachi Y., Ueda K., Wada H., Tanaka F. Lung Cancer 46:21-28(2004) [PubMed: 15364129] [Abstract] Cited for: REDUCED EXPRESSION IN LUNG CANCERS. |
| [10] | "The topoisomerase I- and p53-binding protein topors is differentially expressed in normal and malignant human tissues and may function as a tumor suppressor." Saleem A., Dutta J., Malegaonkar D., Rasheed F., Rasheed Z., Rajendra R., Marshall H., Luo M., Li H., Rubin E.H. Oncogene 23:5293-5300(2004) [PubMed: 15107820] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, REDUCED EXPRESSION IN COLON CANCERS. |
| [11] | "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins." Beausoleil S.A., Jedrychowski M., Schwartz D., Elias J.E., Villen J., Li J., Cohn M.A., Cantley L.C., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:12130-12135(2004) [PubMed: 15302935] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-98, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium. |
| [12] | "Topors acts as a SUMO-1 E3 ligase for p53 in vitro and in vivo." Weger S., Hammer E., Heilbronn R. FEBS Lett. 579:5007-5012(2005) [PubMed: 16122737] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUMOYLATION. |
| [13] | "Topors, a p53 and topoisomerase I-binding RING finger protein, is a coactivator of p53 in growth suppression induced by DNA damage." Lin L., Ozaki T., Takada Y., Kageyama H., Nakamura Y., Hata A., Zhang J.H., Simonds W.F., Nakagawara A., Koseki H. Oncogene 24:3385-3396(2005) [PubMed: 15735665] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION. |
| [14] | "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks." Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P., Mann M. Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed: 17081983] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-902; SER-912 AND SER-914, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium. |
| [15] | "Mutations in TOPORS cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa with perivascular retinal pigment epithelium atrophy." Chakarova C.F., Papaioannou M.G., Khanna H., Lopez I., Waseem N., Shah A., Theis T., Friedman J., Maubaret C., Bujakowska K., Veraitch B., El-Aziz M.M.A., Prescott de Q., Parapuram S.K., Bickmore W.A., Munro P.M.G., Gal A., Hamel C.P. Bhattacharya S.S.Am. J. Hum. Genet. 81:1098-1103(2007) [PubMed: 17924349] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN RP31. |
| [16] | "Evaluation of the low-specificity protease elastase for large-scale phosphoproteome analysis." Wang B., Malik R., Nigg E.A., Korner R. Anal. Chem. 80:9526-9533(2008) [PubMed: 19007248] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-194, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [17] | "Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle." Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M. Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008) [PubMed: 18691976] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-98, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [18] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-98, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [19] | "Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach." Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J., Mohammed S. Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009) [PubMed: 19413330] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-98, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [20] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed: 19690332] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-98; SER-864 AND SER-866, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: T-cell. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF098300 mRNA. Translation: AAD23379.1. AB045732 mRNA. Translation: BAB03714.1. AB045733 mRNA. Translation: BAB03715.1. AL353671 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH71253.1. AL353671 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH71254.1. BC060884 mRNA. Translation: AAH60884.1. U82939 mRNA. Translation: AAC98530.1. Different initiation. |
| IPI | IPI00396077. IPI00643426. |
| RefSeq | NP_005793.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.589962 |
3D structure databases | |
| SMR | Q9NS56. Positions 99-163. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | Q9NS56. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q9NS56. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | Q9NS56. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000360538; ENSP00000353735; ENSG00000197579; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] |
| GeneID | 10210. |
| KEGG | hsa:10210. |
| UCSC | uc003zrb.1. human. uc003zrc.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 10210. |
| GeneCards | GC09M032530. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0034742. |
| HGNC | HGNC:21653. TOPORS. |
| MIM | 609507. gene. 609923. phenotype. |
| Orphanet | 791. Retinitis pigmentosa. |
| PharmGKB | PA134979531. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | prNOG18391. |
| HOGENOM | HBG283067. |
| HOVERGEN | Q9NS56. |
| InParanoid | Q9NS56. |
| OMA | DIINFRR. |
| OrthoDB | EOG9QNQGF. |
| PhylomeDB | Q9NS56. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q9NS56. |
| Bgee | Q9NS56. |
| CleanEx | HS_TOPORS. |
| Genevestigator | Q9NS56. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000197579. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR018957. Znf_C3HC4_RING-type. IPR001841. Znf_RING. IPR017907. Znf_RING_CS. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00097. zf-C3HC4. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00184. RING. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PROSITE | PS00518. ZF_RING_1. 1 hit. PS50089. ZF_RING_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| NextBio | 38656. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | TOPRS_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q9NS56 Secondary accession number(s): O43273 Q9UNR9 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 9 Human chromosome 9: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with


