Q9NRR4 (RNC_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 29, 2013.
Version 118.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Ribonuclease 3 EC=3.1.26.3 Alternative name(s): Protein Drosha Ribonuclease III Short name=RNase III p241 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1374 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Ribonuclease III double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonuclease that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DROSHA cleaves the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop in pri-miRNAs (processing center 11 bp from the dsRNA-ssRNA junction) to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. Involved also in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double-strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in the formation of GW bodies. Ref.1 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 |
| Catalytic activity | Endonucleolytic cleavage to 5'-phosphomonoester. |
| Cofactor | Magnesium or manganese By similarity. |
| Subunit structure | Component of the microprocessor complex, or pri-miRNA processing protein complex, which is composed of DROSHA and DGCR8. The microprocessor complex may contain multiple subunit of DGCR8 and DROSHA. Interacts with DGCR8, SP1 and SNIP1. Interacts with SRRT/ARS2. Ref.4 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.13 Ref.16 |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus. Nucleus › nucleolus. Note: A fraction is translocated to the nucleolus during the S phase of the cell cycle. Localized in GW bodies (GWBs), also known as P-bodies. Ref.1 Ref.14 |
| Tissue specificity | Ubiquitous. Ref.1 |
| Domain | The 2 RNase III domains form an intramolecular dimer where the domain 1 cuts the 3'strand while the domain 2 cleaves the 5'strand of pri-miRNAs, independently of each other. |
| Sequence similarities | Contains 1 DRBM (double-stranded RNA-binding) domain. Contains 2 RNase III domains. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence AAD29637.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 775. The sequence BAA91511.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DGCR8 | Q8WYQ5 | 4 | EBI-528367,EBI-528411 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9NRR4-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9NRR4-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 285-353: RERERERHRHRDNRRSPSLERSYKKEYKRSGRSYGLSVVPEPAGCTPELPGEIIKNTDSWAPPLEIVNH → S | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q9NRR4-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 316-352: Missing. 353-353: H → S 1198-1229: EYAITNDKTKRPVALRTKTLADLLESFIAALY → VWSIYLLSNCDCCLLRPSLVFLQTMNEVCSLK 1230-1374: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: Q9NRR4-4) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 316-352: Missing. 353-353: H → S | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | |||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1374 | 1374 | Ribonuclease 3 | PRO_0000180468 | ||||||||||||||||||
Regions | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 876 – 1056 | 181 | RNase III 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 1107 – 1233 | 127 | RNase III 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 1260 – 1334 | 75 | DRBM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Region | 490 – 1374 | 885 | Necessary for interaction with DGCR8 and pri-miRNA processing activity | |||||||||||||||||||
| Compositional bias | 1 – 212 | 212 | Pro-rich | |||||||||||||||||||
| Compositional bias | 219 – 316 | 98 | Arg-rich | |||||||||||||||||||
Sites | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Metal binding | 1147 | 1 | Magnesium or manganese By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||
| Metal binding | 1219 | 1 | Magnesium or manganese By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||
| Metal binding | 1222 | 1 | Magnesium or manganese By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||
| Site | 1215 | 1 | Important for activity By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 373 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.18 | |||||||||||||||||||
Natural variations | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 285 – 353 | 69 | RERER…EIVNH → S in isoform 2. | VSP_005777 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 316 – 352 | 37 | Missing in isoform 3 and isoform 4. | VSP_012450 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 353 | 1 | H → S in isoform 3 and isoform 4. | VSP_012451 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1198 – 1229 | 32 | EYAIT…IAALY → VWSIYLLSNCDCCLLRPSLV FLQTMNEVCSLK in isoform 3. | VSP_012452 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1230 – 1374 | 145 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_012453 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 67 | 1 | P → T. Corresponds to variant rs35342496 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_051866 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 321 | 1 | S → L. Corresponds to variant rs55656741 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_061778 | ||||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 993 | 1 | E → A or Q: Does not reduce pri-miRNA processing activity. Ref.10 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 1045 | 1 | E → Q: Reduces pri-miRNA processing activity. Ref.10 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 1171 | 1 | E → A or Q: Does not reduce pri-miRNA processing activity. Ref.10 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 1222 | 1 | E → Q: Reduces pri-miRNA processing activity. Ref.10 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 166 – 174 | 9 | YQYPPGYSH → RERERTSLE in CAB45133. Ref.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 612 | 1 | L → P in CAB45133. Ref.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1020 | 1 | R → P in AAF80558. Ref.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1230 | 1 | I → T in AAF80558. Ref.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1272 | 1 | L → R in BX647724. Ref.2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 1263 – 1271 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 1275 – 1277 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 1284 – 1286 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 1292 – 1294 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 1298 – 1304 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 1312 – 1316 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 1317 – 1329 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Human RNase III is a 160-kDa protein involved in preribosomal RNA processing." Wu H., Xu H., Miraglia L.J., Crooke S.T. J. Biol. Chem. 275:36957-36965(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [2] | "The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium." Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K., Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I. BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 4). Tissue: Cerebellum. |
| [3] | "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5." Schmutz J., Martin J., Terry A., Couronne O., Grimwood J., Lowry S., Gordon L.A., Scott D., Xie G., Huang W., Hellsten U., Tran-Gyamfi M., She X., Prabhakar S., Aerts A., Altherr M., Bajorek E., Black S. Rubin E.M.Nature 431:268-274(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "A set of proteins interacting with transcription factor Sp1 identified in a two-hybrid screening." Gunther M., Laithier M., Brison O. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 210:131-142(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 166-613 (ISOFORM 2), INTERACTION WITH SP1. Tissue: Colon. |
| [5] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 603-1374. Tissue: Embryo. |
| [6] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3), NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 653-1374 (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Cervix and Skin. |
| [7] | Wei Y.J., Ding J.F., Xiong H., Zhou Y., Liew C.C. Submitted (DEC-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 706-1374. Tissue: Aorta. |
| [8] | "The nuclear RNase III Drosha initiates microRNA processing." Lee Y., Ahn C., Han J., Choi H., Kim J., Yim J., Lee J., Provost P., Raadmark O., Kim S., Kim V.N. Nature 425:415-419(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [9] | "The human DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 and its D. melanogaster homolog are required for miRNA biogenesis." Landthaler M., Yalcin A., Tuschl T. Curr. Biol. 14:2162-2167(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH DGCR8. |
| [10] | "The Drosha-DGCR8 complex in primary microRNA processing." Han J., Lee Y., Yeom K.-H., Kim Y.-K., Jin H., Kim V.N. Genes Dev. 18:3016-3027(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, IDENTIFICATION IN THE MICROPROCESSOR COMPLEX, MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-993; GLU-1045; GLU-1171 AND GLU-1222. |
| [11] | "The microprocessor complex mediates the genesis of microRNAs." Gregory R.I., Yan K.-P., Amuthan G., Chendrimada T., Doratotaj B., Cooch N., Shiekhattar R. Nature 432:235-240(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, IDENTIFICATION IN THE MICROPROCESSOR COMPLEX. |
| [12] | "Recognition and cleavage of primary microRNA precursors by the nuclear processing enzyme Drosha." Zeng Y., Yi R., Cullen B.R. EMBO J. 24:138-148(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [13] | "Molecular basis for the recognition of primary microRNAs by the Drosha-DGCR8 complex." Han J., Lee Y., Yeom K.-H., Nam J.-W., Heo I., Rhee J.-K., Sohn S.Y., Cho Y., Zhang B.-T., Kim V.N. Cell 125:887-901(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, IDENTIFICATION IN THE MICROPROCESSOR COMPLEX. |
| [14] | "Formation of GW bodies is a consequence of microRNA genesis." Pauley K.M., Eystathioy T., Jakymiw A., Hamel J.C., Fritzler M.J., Chan E.K.L. EMBO Rep. 7:904-910(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [15] | "Heme is involved in microRNA processing." Faller M., Matsunaga M., Yin S., Loo J.A., Guo F. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 14:23-29(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [16] | "The FHA domain proteins DAWDLE in Arabidopsis and SNIP1 in humans act in small RNA biogenesis." Yu B., Bi L., Zheng B., Ji L., Chevalier D., Agarwal M., Ramachandran V., Li W., Lagrange T., Walker J.C., Chen X. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10073-10078(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SNIP1. |
| [17] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [18] | "System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation." Rigbolt K.T., Prokhorova T.A., Akimov V., Henningsen J., Johansen P.T., Kratchmarova I., Kassem M., Mann M., Olsen J.V., Blagoev B. Sci. Signal. 4:RS3-RS3(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-373, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [19] | "Solution structure of the Drosha double-stranded RNA-binding domain." Mueller G.A., Miller M.T., Derose E.F., Ghosh M., London R.E., Hall T.M. Silence 1:2-2(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 1259-1337. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| Protein Spotlight The dark side of RNA - Issue 87 of October 2007 |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF189011 mRNA. Translation: AAF80558.1. BX647724 mRNA. No translation available. AC008768 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC022417 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC106802 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AJ242976 mRNA. Translation: CAB45133.1. AK001121 mRNA. Translation: BAA91511.1. Different initiation. BC041162 mRNA. Translation: AAH41162.1. BC054003 mRNA. Translation: AAH54003.1. AF116910 mRNA. Translation: AAD29637.1. Frameshift. | ||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00219990. IPI00300956. IPI00515032. IPI00942044. | ||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_001093882.1. NM_001100412.1. NP_037367.3. NM_013235.4. | ||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.97997. | ||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
| ||||||||||||
| ProteinModelPortal | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||
| DIP | DIP-33300N. | ||||||||||||
| IntAct | Q9NRR4. 7 interactions. | ||||||||||||
| MINT | MINT-1184869. | ||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||
| DMDM | 20139357. | ||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||
| PaxDb | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| PRIDE | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000344624; ENSP00000339845; ENSG00000113360. ENST00000442743; ENSP00000409335; ENSG00000113360. ENST00000511367; ENSP00000425979; ENSG00000113360. ENST00000513349; ENSP00000424161; ENSG00000113360. | ||||||||||||
| GeneID | 29102. | ||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:29102. | ||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc003jhg.2. human. uc003jhh.2. human. | ||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||
| CTD | 29102. | ||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC05M031401. | ||||||||||||
| H-InvDB | HIX0004780. | ||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:17904. DROSHA. | ||||||||||||
| MIM | 608828. gene. | ||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA142671060. | ||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||
| eggNOG | COG0571. | ||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HOG000122291. | ||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG023130. | ||||||||||||
| InParanoid | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| KO | K03685. | ||||||||||||
| OMA | SGKEKNY. | ||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG4VQ9NG. | ||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||
| BRENDA | 3.1.26.3. 2681. | ||||||||||||
| Reactome | REACT_71. Gene Expression. | ||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| Bgee | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_RNASEN. | ||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000113360. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||
| Gene3D | 1.10.1520.10. 3 hits. 3.30.160.20. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR001159. Ds-RNA-bd. IPR014720. dsRNA-bd-like_dom. IPR011907. RNase_III. IPR000999. RNase_III_dom. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| PANTHER | PTHR11207. PTHR11207. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF00035. dsrm. 1 hit. PF00636. Ribonuclease_3. 2 hits. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| SMART | SM00358. DSRM. 1 hit. SM00535. RIBOc. 2 hits. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| SUPFAM | SSF69065. RNase_III. 2 hits. | ||||||||||||
| PROSITE | PS50137. DS_RBD. 1 hit. PS00517. RNASE_3_1. 2 hits. PS50142. RNASE_3_2. 2 hits. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||
| ChiTaRS | DROSHA. human. | ||||||||||||
| EvolutionaryTrace | Q9NRR4. | ||||||||||||
| GenomeRNAi | 29102. | ||||||||||||
| NextBio | 52141. | ||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | RNC_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q9NRR4 Secondary accession number(s): E7EMP9 Q9Y4Y0 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 5 Human chromosome 5: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |
| Protein Spotlight Protein Spotlight articles and cited UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries |

Clusters with
