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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9NQC7 (CYLD_HUMAN)

Last modified January 19, 2010. Version 83. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (7) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Probable ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD
    EC=3.1.2.15
Alternative name(s):
    Ubiquitin thioesterase CYLD
    Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease CYLD
    Deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD
Gene names
Name: CYLD
Synonyms: CYLD1, KIAA0849
ORF Names: HSPC057
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length956 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Negative regulator of TRAF2 and NF-kappa-B signaling pathway. Has deubiquitinating activity that is directed towards non-'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains. The inhibition of NF-kappa-B activation is mediated at least in part, by the deubiquitination and inactivation of TRAF2 and, to a lesser extent, TRAF6. Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9

Catalytic activity

Ubiquitin C-terminal thioester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol.

Subunit structure

Interacts with NEMO, TRAF2 and TRIP. Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9

Subcellular location

Cytoplasmperinuclear region Ref.9.

Tissue specificity

Detected in fetal brain, testis, and skeletal muscle, and at a lower level in adult brain, leukocytes, liver, heart, kidney, spleen, ovary and lung. Isoform 2 is found in all tissues except kidney. Ref.1

Involvement in disease

Defects in CYLD are the cause of familial cylindromatosis [MIM:132700]; also known as Ancell-Spiegler cylindromas or turban tumor syndrome or dermal eccrine cylindromatosis. CYLD is an autosomal dominant and highly tumor type-specific disorder. The tumors (known as cylindromas because of their characteristic microscopic architecture) are believed to arise from or recapitulate the appearance of the eccrine or apocrine cells of the skin that secrete sweat and scent respectively. Cylindromas arise predominantly in hairy parts of the body with approximately 90% on the head and neck. The development of a confluent mass which may ulcerate or become infected has led to the designation 'turban tumor syndrome'. The skin tumors show differentiation in the direction of hair structures, hence the synonym trichoepithelioma.

Defects in CYLD are the cause of multiple familial trichoepithelioma type 1 (MFT1) [MIM:601606]; also known as epithelioma adenoides cysticum of Brooke (EAC) or hereditary multiple benign cystic epithelioma or Brooke-Fordyce trichoepitheliomas. MFT1 is an autosomal dominant dermatosis characterized by the presence of many skin tumors predominantly on the face. Since histologic examination shows dermal aggregates of basaloid cells with connection to or differentiation toward hair follicles, this disorder has been thought to represent a benign hamartoma of the pilosebaceous apparatus. Trichoepitheliomas can degenerate into basal cell carcinoma. Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17

Defects in CYLD are the cause of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome (BRSS) [MIM:605041]. BRSS is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the appearance of multiple skin appendage tumors such as cylindroma, trichoepithelioma, and spiradenoma. These tumors are typically located in the head and neck region, appear in early adulthood, and gradually increase in size and number throughout life. Ref.14 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.16

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the peptidase C67 family.

Contains 2 CAP-Gly domains.

Sequence caution

The sequence AAF29029.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 776, 808 and 932.

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9NQC7-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9NQC7-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     305-307: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain1 – 956956Probable ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD
PRO_0000080698

Regions

Domain153 – 19846CAP-Gly 1
Domain492 – 53544CAP-Gly 2
Region106 – 593488Interaction with TRIP
Region394 – 46976Interaction with TRAF2
Region470 – 684215Interaction with NEMO

Sites

Active site6011 By similarity
Active site8711 By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue3991Phosphoserine Ref.10
Modified residue4181Phosphoserine By similarity

Natural variations

Alternative sequence305 – 3073Missing in isoform 2.
VSP_011277
Natural variant7471E → G in MFT1 and BRSS. Ref.14
VAR_045967

Experimental info

Mutagenesis4571S → A: Abolishes binding to TRAF2. Ref.8
Mutagenesis6011C → S: Loss of deubiquitinating activity. Ref.6 Ref.7
Mutagenesis8711H → N: Loss of deubiquitinating activity. Ref.8

Secondary structure

.......................................................................................................................... 956
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform 1 [UniParc].

Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1.
Checksum: 01831F9A83424631

FASTA956107,316
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MSSGLWSQEK VTSPYWEERI FYLLLQECSV TDKQTQKLLK VPKGSIGQYI QDRSVGHSRI 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
PSAKGKKNQI GLKILEQPHA VLFVDEKDVV EINEKFTELL LAITNCEERF SLFKNRNRLS 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
KGLQIDVGCP VKVQLRSGEE KFPGVVRFRG PLLAERTVSG IFFGVELLEE GRGQGFTDGV 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
YQGKQLFQCD EDCGVFVALD KLELIEDDDT ALESDYAGPG DTMQVELPPL EINSRVSLKV 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
GETIESGTVI FCDVLPGKES LGYFVGVDMD NPIGNWDGRF DGVQLCSFAC VESTILLHIN 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
DIIPALSESV TQERRPPKLA FMSRGVGDKG SSSHNKPKAT GSTSDPGNRN RSELFYTLNG 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
SSVDSQPQSK SKNTWYIDEV AEDPAKSLTE ISTDFDRSSP PLQPPPVNSL TTENRFHSLP 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
FSLTKMPNTN GSIGHSPLSL SAQSVMEELN TAPVQESPPL AMPPGNSHGL EVGSLAEVKE 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
NPPFYGVIRW IGQPPGLNEV LAGLELEDEC AGCTDGTFRG TRYFTCALKK ALFVKLKSCR 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
PDSRFASLQP VSNQIERCNS LAFGGYLSEV VEENTPPKME KEGLEIMIGK KKGIQGHYNS 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
CYLDSTLFCL FAFSSVLDTV LLRPKEKNDV EYYSETQELL RTEIVNPLRI YGYVCATKIM 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
KLRKILEKVE AASGFTSEEK DPEEFLNILF HHILRVEPLL KIRSAGQKVQ DCYFYQIFME 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
KNEKVGVPTI QQLLEWSFIN SNLKFAEAPS CLIIQMPRFG KDFKLFKKIF PSLELNITDL 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
LEDTPRQCRI CGGLAMYECR ECYDDPDISA GKIKQFCKTC NTQVHLHPKR LNHKYNPVSL 

       850        860        870        880        890        900 
PKDLPDWDWR HGCIPCQNME LFAVLCIETS HYVAFVKYGK DDSAWLFFDS MADRDGGQNG 

       910        920        930        940        950 
FNIPQVTPCP EVGEYLKMSL EDLHSLDSRR IQGCARRLLC DAYMCMYQSP TMSLYK 

« Hide

Isoform 2.

Checksum: 0CCB3D21E2FF8851
Show »

FASTA953107,044

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Identification of the familial cylindromatosis tumor suppressor gene."
Bignell G.R., Brown C., Biggs P.J., Lakhani S.R., Jones C., Hansen J., Blair E., Hofmann B., Siebert R., Turner G., Evans D.G., Schrander-Stumpel C., Beemer F.A., Van Den Ouweland A., Halley D., Delpech B., Cleveland M.G., Leigh I. expand/collapse author list , Leisti J., Rasmussen S., Wallace M.R., Fenske C., Banerjee P., Oiso N., Chaggar R., Merrett S., Leonard N., Huber M., Hohl D., Chapman P., Burn J., Swift S., Smith A., Ashworth A., Stratton M.R.
Nat. Genet. 25:160-165(2000) [PubMed: 10835629] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INVOLVEMENT IN FAMILIAL CYLINDROMATOSIS.
[2]"Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro."
Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Suyama M., Kikuno R., Hirosawa M., Miyajima N., Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O.
DNA Res. 5:355-364(1998) [PubMed: 10048485] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
Tissue: Brain.
[3]"Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones."
Nakajima D., Okazaki N., Yamakawa H., Kikuno R., Ohara O., Nagase T.
DNA Res. 9:99-106(2002) [PubMed: 12168954] [Abstract]
Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION.
[4]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
Tissue: Uterus.
[5]"Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells."
Zhang Q.-H., Ye M., Wu X.-Y., Ren S.-X., Zhao M., Zhao C.-J., Fu G., Shen Y., Fan H.-Y., Lu G., Zhong M., Xu X.-R., Han Z.-G., Zhang J.-W., Tao J., Huang Q.-H., Zhou J., Hu G.-X. expand/collapse author list , Gu J., Chen S.-J., Chen Z.
Genome Res. 10:1546-1560(2000) [PubMed: 11042152] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 397-956.
Tissue: Umbilical cord blood.
[6]"CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme that negatively regulates NF-kappaB activation by TNFR family members."
Trompouki E., Hatzivassiliou E., Tsichritzis T., Farmer H., Ashworth A., Mosialos G.
Nature 424:793-796(2003) [PubMed: 12917689] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH NEMO, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-601.
[7]"Loss of the cylindromatosis tumour suppressor inhibits apoptosis by activating NF-kappaB."
Brummelkamp T.R., Nijman S.M.B., Dirac A.M.G., Bernards R.
Nature 424:797-801(2003) [PubMed: 12917690] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH NEMO, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-601.
[8]"The tumour suppressor CYLD negatively regulates NF-kappaB signalling by deubiquitination."
Kovalenko A., Chable-Bessia C., Cantarella G., Israeel A., Wallach D., Courtois G.
Nature 424:801-805(2003) [PubMed: 12917691] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH NEMO AND TRAF2, MUTAGENESIS OF SER-457 AND HIS-871.
[9]"The tumor suppressor CYLD interacts with TRIP and regulates negatively nuclear factor kappaB activation by tumor necrosis factor."
Regamey A., Hohl D., Liu J.W., Roger T., Kogerman P., Toftgaard R., Huber M.
J. Exp. Med. 198:1959-1964(2003) [PubMed: 14676304] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH TRIP.
[10]"Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks."
Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P., Mann M.
Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed: 17081983] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-399, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Tissue: Epithelium.
[11]"Solution structure of the 1st and 2nd CAP-GLY domains in human cylindromatosis tumor suppressor CYLD."
RIKEN structural genomics initiative (RSGI)
Submitted (NOV-2004) to the PDB data bank
Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 125-304.
[12]"Phenotype diversity in familial cylindromatosis: a frameshift mutation in the tumor suppressor gene CYLD underlies different tumors of skin appendages."
Poblete Gutierrez P., Eggermann T., Hoeller D., Jugert F.K., Beermann T., Grussendorf-Conen E.-I., Zerres K., Merk H.F., Frank J.
J. Invest. Dermatol. 119:527-531(2002) [PubMed: 12190880] [Abstract]
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN FAMILIAL CYLINDROMATAOSIS, INVOLVEMENT IN BRSS.
[13]"Identification of a recurrent mutation in the CYLD gene in Brooke-Spiegler syndrome."
Scheinfeld N., Hu G., Gill M., Austin C., Celebi J.T.
Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 28:539-541(2003) [PubMed: 12950348] [Abstract]
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN BRSS.
[14]"A novel missense mutation in CYLD in a family with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome."
Hu G., Oender M., Gill M., Aksakal B., Oeztas M., Guerer M.A., Celebi J.T.
J. Invest. Dermatol. 121:732-734(2003) [PubMed: 14632188] [Abstract]
Cited for: VARIANT MFT1 GLY-747, VARIANT BRSS GLY-747.
[15]"Two novel CYLD gene mutations in Chinese families with trichoepithelioma and a literature review of 16 families with trichoepithelioma reported in China."
Liang Y.H., Gao M., Sun L.D., Liu L.J., Cui Y., Yang S., Fan X., Wang J., Xiao F.L., Zhang X.J.
Br. J. Dermatol. 153:1213-1215(2005) [PubMed: 16307661] [Abstract]
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN MFT1.
[16]"Mutations in the CYLD gene in Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, familial cylindromatosis, and multiple familial trichoepithelioma: lack of genotype-phenotype correlation."
Bowen S., Gill M., Lee D.A., Fisher G., Geronemus R.G., Vazquez M.E., Celebi J.T.
J. Invest. Dermatol. 124:919-920(2005) [PubMed: 15854031] [Abstract]
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN BRSS.
[17]"CYLD mutations underlie Brooke-Spiegler, familial cylindromatosis, and multiple familial trichoepithelioma syndromes."
Young A.L., Kellermayer R., Szigeti R., Teszas A., Azmi S., Celebi J.T.
Clin. Genet. 70:246-249(2006) [PubMed: 16922728] [Abstract]
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN FAMILIAL CYLINDROMATAOSIS, INVOLVEMENT IN MFT1.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ
AJ250014 mRNA. Translation: CAB93533.1.
AB020656 mRNA. Translation: BAA74872.2. Different initiation.
BC012342 mRNA. Translation: AAH12342.1.
AF161542 mRNA. Translation: AAF29029.1. Frameshift.
IPIIPI00106663.
IPI00456609.
RefSeqNP_001035814.1.
NP_001035877.1.
NP_056062.1.
UniGeneHs.578973

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj
EntryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1IXDNMR-A460-550[»]
1WHLNMR-A125-206[»]
1WHMNMR-A228-304[»]
2VHFX-ray2.80A/B583-956[»]
SMRQ9NQC7. Positions 420-540.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGQ9NQC7.

Protein family/group databases

MEROPSC67.001.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteQ9NQC7.

Proteomic databases

PRIDEQ9NQC7.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENST00000311559; ENSP00000308928; ENSG00000083799; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
GeneID1540.
KEGGhsa:1540.
UCSCuc002egp.1. human.
uc002egq.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD1540.
GeneCardsGC16P049333.
HGNCHGNC:2584. CYLD.
HPACAB011713.
MIM132700. phenotype.
601606. phenotype.
605018. gene.
605041. phenotype.
Orphanet79493. Brooke-Spiegler syndrome.
211. Cylindromatosis, familial.
867. Trichoepithelioma multiple, familial.
PharmGKBPA27084.
HUGESearch...
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGprNOG06812.
HOGENOMHBG357068.
HOVERGENQ9NQC7.
InParanoidQ9NQC7.
OMAGVQLCSF.
OrthoDBEOG9MSGJC.

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA3.1.2.15. 247.
Pathway_Interaction_DBnfkappabcanonicalpathway. Canonical NF-kappaB pathway.
tnfpathway. TNF receptor signaling pathway.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressQ9NQC7.
BgeeQ9NQC7.
CleanExHS_CYLD.
GenevestigatorQ9NQC7.
GermOnlineENSG00000083799. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR000938. Cytoskel-assoc-prot_CAP-Gly.
IPR018200. Pept_C19ubi-hydrolase_C_CS.
IPR001394. Peptidase_C19.
IPR001593. Ribosomal_S3Ae.
[Graphical view]
PANTHERPTHR11830. Ribosomal_S3AE. 1 hit.
PfamPF01302. CAP_GLY. 3 hits.
PF00443. UCH. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PROSITEPS00845. CAP_GLY_1. 1 hit.
PS50245. CAP_GLY_2. 2 hits.
PS00972. UCH_2_1. 1 hit.
PS00973. UCH_2_2. False negative.
PS50235. UCH_2_3. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio6377.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameCYLD_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: Q9NQC7
Secondary accession number(s): O94934 expand/collapse secondary AC list , Q7L3N6, Q96EH0, Q9NZX9
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: August 16, 2004
Last sequence update: October 1, 2000
Last modified: January 19, 2010
This is version 83 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

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Human chromosome 6: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

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List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

Peptidase families

Classification of peptidase families and list of entries

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents