Q9MAM3 (KCS1_ARATH) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 1
Short name=KCS-1
EC=2.3.1.-
EC=2.3.1.119

Alternative name(s):
Very long-chain fatty acid condensing enzyme 1
Short name=VLCFA condensing enzyme 1

Gene names

Name:	KCS1
Synonyms:	EL1
Ordered Locus Names:	At1g01120
ORF Names:	T25K16.11

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	528 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Contributes to cuticular wax and suberin biosynthesis. Involved in both decarbonylation and acyl-reduction wax synthesis pathways. Elongase condensing enzyme mostly active with saturated fatty acids, especially with 16:0, 16:1, 18:0, and 20:0. Mediates the synthesis of VLCFAs from 20 to 26 carbons in length (e.g. C20:1, C20, C22, C24 and C26). Ref.4 Ref.7 Ref.8
Catalytic activity	Stearoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + 2 NAD(P)H = icosanoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA + 2 NAD(P)+ + H2O.
Enzyme regulation	Inhibited by K3 herbicides such as alachlor, allidochlor, anilofos, cafenstrole, fentrazamide and flufenacet. Ref.7
Pathway	Lipid metabolism; fatty acid biosynthesis.
Subcellular location	Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Potential.
Tissue specificity	Ubiquitous. Ref.4
Induction	Repressed by herbicides such as flufenacet and benfuresate. Ref.6 Ref.7
Disruption phenotype	Plants have thinner stems with an altered wax composition, and are more sensitive to dehydration. Ref.4
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the chalcone/stilbene synthases family. Contains 1 FAE (fatty acid elongase) domain.
Caution	It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-9 is the initiator.
Sequence caution	The sequence BAD95286.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Membrane
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Ligand	NAD NADP
Molecular function	Acyltransferase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	response to cold Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR response to light stimulus Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR wax biosynthetic process Inferred from direct assay Ref.4. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	cytosolic ribosome Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR endoplasmic reticulum Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	fatty acid elongase activity Inferred from direct assay Ref.4. Source: TAIR icosanoyl-CoA synthase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 528	528	3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 1		PRO_0000249093
Regions
	Transmembrane	59 – 79	21	Helical; Potential
	Transmembrane	95 – 115	21	Helical; Potential
	Domain	114 – 403	290	FAE
Sites
	Active site	258	1	By similarity
	Active site	337	1	By similarity
	Active site	421	1	By similarity
	Active site	425	1	By similarity
	Active site	454	1	By similarity
	Active site	458	1	By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	467	1	E → G in BAD95286. Ref.5

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9MAM3 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: DEA6CBF18692A33B	FASTA	528	59,276
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MERTNSIEMD RERLTAEMAF RDSSSAVIRI RRRLPDLLTS VKLKYVKLGL HNSCNVTTIL 70 80 90 100 110 120 FFLIILPLTG TVLVQLTGLT FDTFSELWSN QAVQLDTATR LTCLVFLSFV LTLYVANRSK 130 140 150 160 170 180 PVYLVDFSCY KPEDERKISV DSFLTMTEEN GSFTDDTVQF QQRISNRAGL GDETYLPRGI 190 200 210 220 230 240 TSTPPKLNMS EARAEAEAVM FGALDSLFEK TGIKPAEVGI LIVNCSLFNP TPSLSAMIVN 250 260 270 280 290 300 HYKMREDIKS YNLGGMGCSA GLISIDLANN LLKANPNSYA VVVSTENITL NWYFGNDRSM 310 320 330 340 350 360 LLCNCIFRMG GAAILLSNRR QDRKKSKYSL VNVVRTHKGS DDKNYNCVYQ KEDERGTIGV 370 380 390 400 410 420 SLARELMSVA GDALKTNITT LGPMVLPLSE QLMFLISLVK RKMFKLKVKP YIPDFKLAFE 430 440 450 460 470 480 HFCIHAGGRA VLDEVQKNLD LKDWHMEPSR MTLHRFGNTS SSSLWYEMAY TEAKGRVKAG 490 500 510 520 DRLWQIAFGS GFKCNSAVWK ALRPVSTEEM TGNAWAGSID QYPVKVVQ

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O., Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E., Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K. , Conn L., Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P., Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D., Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J., Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L., Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A., Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A., Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M., Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M., Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P., Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D., Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D., Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W. Nature 408:816-820(2000) [PubMed: 11130712] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"KCS1 encodes a fatty acid elongase 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase affecting wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana." Todd J., Post-Beittenmiller D., Jaworski J.G. Plant J. 17:119-130(1999) [PubMed: 10074711] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 9-528, FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs." Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A., Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y., Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K. , Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y., Shinozaki K. Submitted (MAR-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 400-528. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[6]	"Flufenacet herbicide treatment phenocopies the fiddlehead mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana." Lechelt-Kunze C., Meissner R.C., Drewes M., Tietjen K. Pest Manag. Sci. 59:847-856(2003) [PubMed: 12916765] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION, GENE FAMILY.
[7]	"Specific and differential inhibition of very-long-chain fatty acid elongases from Arabidopsis thaliana by different herbicides." Trenkamp S., Martin W., Tietjen K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:11903-11908(2004) [PubMed: 15277688] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, ENZYME REGULATION.
[8]	"Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthases." Blacklock B.J., Jaworski J.G. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 346:583-590(2006) [PubMed: 16765910] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AC007323 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF26470.1. CP002684 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE27241.1. AY074285 mRNA. Translation: AAL66982.1. AY096568 mRNA. Translation: AAM20218.1. AF053345 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC99312.1. AK221191 mRNA. Translation: BAD95286.1. Different initiation.
IPI	IPI00535274.
PIR	F86141.
RefSeq	NP_171620.2. NM_099994.3.
UniGene	At.22667.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q9MAM3.
SMR	Q9MAM3. Positions 197-292.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q9MAM3. 1 interaction.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9MAM3.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlants	AT1G01120.1; AT1G01120.1; AT1G01120.
GeneID	839395.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT1G01120 in contig CT485782_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT1G01120.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.217.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At1g01120.
Phylogenomic databases
GeneTree	EPGT00070000027963.
HOGENOM	HBG594284.
InParanoid	Q9MAM3.
OMA	CNCIFRM.
PhylomeDB	Q9MAM3.
ProtClustDB	PLN02854.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9MAM3.
Genevestigator	Q9MAM3.
GermOnline	AT1G01120. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR012392. 3-ktacl-CoA_syn. IPR013747. ACP_syn_III_C. IPR013601. FAE1_typ3_polyketide_synth. IPR016039. Thiolase-like. IPR016038. Thiolase-like_subgr. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.47.10. Thiolase-like_subgr. 2 hits.
KO	K15397.
Pfam	PF08541. ACP_syn_III_C. 1 hit. PF08392. FAE1_CUT1_RppA. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF036417. 3-ktacl-CoA_syn. 1 hit.
SUPFAM	SSF53901. Thiolase-like. 2 hits.
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

KCS1_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9MAM3
Secondary accession number(s): Q56YX9, Q9ZTK3

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	September 5, 2006
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 77 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Plant Protein Annotation Program