Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9M9F5 (NCED9_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED9, chloroplastic
      Short name=AtNCED9
    EC=1.13.11.51

Gene names

Name:	NCED9
Ordered Locus Names:	At1g78390
ORF Names:	F3F9.10

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	657 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids. Contributes probably to abscisic acid synthesis for the induction of seed dormancy. Ref.2 Ref.4
Catalytic activity	A 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + a 12'-apo-carotenal. 9-cis-violaxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6S)-5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al. 9'-cis-neoxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6R)-5,6-dihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast stroma. Ref.3
Tissue specificity	Expressed in developing siliques, embryo and endosperm. Ref.4 Ref.3
Developmental stage	Expressed in seeds at early and mid-maturation stages. Ref.4
Induction	Low induction by drought stress. Ref.2 Ref.3
Disruption phenotype	Plants exhibit abscisic-acid-deficient phenotypes in seeds, but not in vegetative tissues. Ref.4
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Abscisic acid biosynthesis
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Molecular function	Dioxygenase Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	abscisic acid biosynthetic process Ref.3 Traceable author statement. Source: TAIR oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	chloroplast stroma Ref.3 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase activity Ref.2 Ref.3 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – ?		Chloroplast Potential
	Chain	? – 657		9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED9, chloroplastic		PRO_0000285998
Regions
	Compositional bias	70 – 116	47	Ser-rich

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9M9F5-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: F41DECBE94806318	FASTA	657	73,015
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTIITIISGM YIYSLLSQDA HHSQYGQNTN LVLKKPIPKP QTAAFNQEST MASTTLLPST 70 80 90 100 110 120 STQFLDRTFS TSSSSSRPKL QSLSFSSTLR NKKLVVPCYV SSSVNKKSSV SSSLQSPTFK 130 140 150 160 170 180 PPSWKKLCND VTNLIPKTTN QNPKLNPVQR TAAMVLDAVE NAMISHERRR HPHPKTADPA 190 200 210 220 230 240 VQIAGNFFPV PEKPVVHNLP VTGTVPECIQ GVYVRNGANP LHKPVSGHHL FDGDGMVHAV 250 260 270 280 290 300 RFDNGSVSYA CRFTETNRLV QERECGRPVF PKAIGELHGH LGIAKLMLFN TRGLFGLVDP 310 320 330 340 350 360 TGGLGVANAG LVYFNGHLLA MSEDDLPYHV KVTQTGDLET SGRYDFDGQL KSTMIAHPKI 370 380 390 400 410 420 DPETRELFAL SYDVVSKPYL KYFRFTSDGE KSPDVEIPLD QPTMIHDFAI TENFVVIPDQ 430 440 450 460 470 480 QVVFRLPEMI RGGSPVVYDE KKKSRFGILN KNAKDASSIQ WIEVPDCFCF HLWNSWEEPE 490 500 510 520 530 540 TDEVVVIGSC MTPPDSIFNE HDETLQSVLS EIRLNLKTGE STRRPVISEQ VNLEAGMVNR 550 560 570 580 590 600 NLLGRKTRYA YLALTEPWPK VSGFAKVDLS TGEIRKYIYG EGKYGGEPLF LPSGDGEEDG 610 620 630 640 650 GYIMVFVHDE EKVKSELQLI NAVNMKLEAT VTLPSRVPYG FHGTFISKED LSKQALC

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O., Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E., Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K. , Conn L., Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P., Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D., Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J., Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L., Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A., Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A., Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M., Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M., Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P., Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D., Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D., Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W. Nature 408:816-820(2000) [PubMed: 11130712] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Regulation of drought tolerance by gene manipulation of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, a key enzyme in abscisic acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis." Iuchi S., Kobayashi M., Taji T., Naramoto M., Seki M., Kato T., Tabata S., Kakubari Y., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K., Shinozaki K. Plant J. 27:325-333(2001) [PubMed: 11532178] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INDUCTION BY DROUGHT STRESS.
[3]	"Molecular characterization of the Arabidopsis 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene family." Tan B.-C., Joseph L.M., Deng W.-T., Liu L., Li Q.-B., Cline K., McCarty D.R. Plant J. 35:44-56(2003) [PubMed: 12834401] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY DROUGHT STRESS.
[4]	"Functional analysis of Arabidopsis NCED6 and NCED9 genes indicates that ABA synthesized in the endosperm is involved in the induction of seed dormancy." Lefebvre V., North H., Frey A., Sotta B., Seo M., Okamoto M., Nambara E., Marion-Poll A. Plant J. 45:309-319(2006) [PubMed: 16412079] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AC013430 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF71797.1.
IPI	IPI00528094.
PIR	E96812.
RefSeq	NP_177960.1.
UniGene	At.34302
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9M9F5.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	844175.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT1G78390 in contig CT485782_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT1G78390.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.7389.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At1g78390.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	Q9M9F5. AMKEDGP.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.13.11.51. 302.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR004294. Carotenoid_Oase. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR10543. Carotenoid_Oase. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF03055. RPE65. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

NCED9_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9M9F5

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 1, 2007
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 39 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)