Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9M0B6 (GAE1_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 1
    EC=5.1.3.6
Alternative name(s):
    UDP-glucuronic acid epimerase 1
      Short name=AtUGlcAE3

Gene names

Name:	GAE1
Synonyms:	UGlcAE3
Ordered Locus Names:	At4g30440
ORF Names:	F17I23.220

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	429 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. Ref.1
Catalytic activity	UDP-glucuronate = UDP-D-galacturonate.
Enzyme regulation	Inhibited by UDP-Xylose.
Subunit structure	Homodimer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Golgi apparatus › Golgi stack membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Potential.
Tissue specificity	In root stele, leaves, siliques, flowers, pollen and stems. Ref.1 Ref.6 Ref.7
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the sugar epimerase family.
Biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: Equilibrium between UDP-glucuronate and UDP-D-galacturonate established at 1:1.3. No activity with UDP-Galactose, UDP-Glucose or UDP-Xylose. KM=0.19 mM for UDP-glucuronate pH dependence: Optimum pH is 7.6. Active from pH 6 to 8.9.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Carbohydrate metabolism
Cellular component	Golgi apparatus Membrane
Domain	Transmembrane
Ligand	NAD
Molecular function	Isomerase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	carbohydrate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cellular metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	Golgi apparatus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase activity Ref.1 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR coenzyme binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 429	429	UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 1		PRO_0000292596
Regions
	Transmembrane	36 – 56	21	Potential
	Transmembrane	87 – 107	21	Potential
	Nucleotide binding	89 – 120	32	NAD By similarity
	Compositional bias	213 – 216	4	Poly-Ser
Sites
	Active site	239	1	Proton acceptor By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9M0B6-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: 1FDD14BC3FDABCD4	FASTA	429	47,458
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPSIEDELFP STPGKFKIDR SNRQLHRCFA STSTMFLWAL FLIALTASYL SFQSFVDSGS 70 80 90 100 110 120 RYLTASWGGI QWEKQVRTSA QIHRSGGISV LVTGATGFVG SHVSLALRKR GDGVVGLDNF 130 140 150 160 170 180 NNYYDPSLKR ARRSLLSSRG IFVVEGDLND AKLLAKLFDV VAFTHVMHLA AQAGVRYALE 190 200 210 220 230 240 NPQSYVHSNI AGLVNLLEIC KAANPQPAIV WASSSSVYGL NEKVPFSESD RTDQPASLYA 250 260 270 280 290 300 ATKKAGEEIT HTYNHIYGLA ITGLRFFTVY GPWGRPDMAY FSFTRNILQG KPITIYRGKN 310 320 330 340 350 360 RVDLARDFTY IDDIVKGCLG SLDSSGKSTG SGGKKRGAAP YRIFNLGNTS PVTVPILVDI 370 380 390 400 410 420 LEKHLKVKAK RNFVEMPGNG DVPFTHANIS SARNEFGYKP TTDLETGLKK FVRWYLSYYG YNTKAKLVH

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The biosynthesis of D-galacturonate in plants. Functional cloning and characterization of a membrane-anchored UDP-D-glucuronate 4-epimerase from Arabidopsis." Moelhoej M., Verma R., Reiter W.-D. Plant Physiol. 135:1221-1230(2004) [PubMed: 15247385] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
[2]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B. , Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M., Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D., Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J., Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M., Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J., Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E., Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S., Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R., Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K., Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W., Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H., Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B., Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J., Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K., O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N., Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R. Nature 402:769-777(1999) [PubMed: 10617198] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana." Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B., Feldmann K.A. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[5]	"Molecular genetics of nucleotide sugar interconversion pathways in plants." Reiter W.-D., Vanzin G.F. Plant Mol. Biol. 47:95-113(2001) [PubMed: 11554483] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION, NOMENCLATURE.
[6]	"Identification and characterization of a UDP-D-glucuronate 4-epimerase in Arabidopsis." Usadel B., Schlueter U., Moelhoej M., Gipmans M., Verma R., Kossmann J., Reiter W.-D., Pauly M. FEBS Lett. 569:327-331(2004) [PubMed: 15225656] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"The biosynthesis of UDP-galacturonic acid in plants. Functional cloning and characterization of Arabidopsis UDP-D-glucuronic acid 4-epimerase." Gu X., Bar-Peled M. Plant Physiol. 136:4256-4264(2004) [PubMed: 15563616] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, NOMENCLATURE.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AY661562 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAT77233.1. AL161577 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB79762.1. AY056303 mRNA. Translation: AAL07152.1. AY099855 mRNA. Translation: AAM20706.1. BT000308 mRNA. Translation: AAN15627.1. AY085505 mRNA. Translation: AAM62729.1.
IPI	IPI00530645.
PIR	A85356.
RefSeq	NP_194773.1.
UniGene	At.20969 At.67043
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1I3K based on UniProtKB Q14376.
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9M0B6.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	829167.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT4G30440 in contig CT486007_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT4G30440.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.21026.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At4g30440.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	HAILARS.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	Q9M0B6.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001509. Epimerase_deHydtase. IPR016040. NAD(P)-bd_dom. IPR008089. Nuc_sugar_epim. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.50.720. NAD(P)-bd. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01370. Epimerase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01713. NUCEPIMERASE.
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GAE1_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9M0B6

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	June 26, 2007
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	November 3, 2009
This is version 54 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)