Q9LVI8 (GLN13_ARATH) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Glutamine synthetase cytosolic isozyme 1-3
Short name=GS1
EC=6.3.1.2

Alternative name(s):
Glutamate--ammonia ligase GLN1;3
Short name=GLN1;3

Gene names

Name:	GLN1-3
Ordered Locus Names:	At3g17820
ORF Names:	MEB5.4

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	354 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Low-affinity glutamine synthetase. May contribute to the homeostatic control of glutamine synthesis in roots.
Catalytic activity	ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine.
Subunit structure	Homooctamer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in the pericycle in the region of mature root. Ref.7
Induction	By sucrose, glucose and fructose. Down-regulated by ammonium supply. Ref.6 Ref.7
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.
Biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: Measured at pH 7.8 and 30 degrees Celsius for all experiments. KM=3.9 mM for glutamate Ref.7 KM=1210 µM for ammonium KM=850 µM for ATP Vmax=162 nmol/sec/mg enzyme with glutamate as substrate Vmax=93.9 nmol/sec/mg enzyme with ammonium as substrate Vmax=100 nmol/sec/mg enzyme with ATP as substrate

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Ligand	ATP-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Ligase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	glutamine biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro nitrate assimilation Traceable author statement Ref.8. Source: TAIR response to cadmium ion Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	chloroplast Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR cytosolic ribosome Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR plasma membrane Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW copper ion binding Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR glutamate-ammonia ligase activity Inferred from direct assay Ref.7. Source: TAIR
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 354	354	Glutamine synthetase cytosolic isozyme 1-3		PRO_0000153168
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	49	1	K → Q: 3-fold increase in affinity for ammonium and catalytic efficiency. Ref.8
	Mutagenesis	174	1	A → S: 4-fold increase in affinity for ammonium and catalytic efficiency. Ref.8
	Sequence conflict	85	1	G → D in AAO42253. Ref.3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9LVI8 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: 750441568FA1D7B9	FASTA	354	38,595
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSLLSDLVNL NLTDATGKII AEYIWIGGSG MDIRSKARTL PGPVTDPSKL PKWNYDGSST 70 80 90 100 110 120 GQAAGEDSEV ILYPQAIFKD PFRKGNNILV MCDAYTPAGD PIPTNKRHNA AKIFSHPDVA 130 140 150 160 170 180 KEEPWYGIEQ EYTLMQKDVN WPIGWPVGGY PGPQGPYYCG VGADKAIGRD IVDAHYKACL 190 200 210 220 230 240 YAGIGISGIN GEVMPGQWEF QVGPVEGISS GDQVWVARYL LERITEISGV IVSFDPKPVP 250 260 270 280 290 300 GDWNGAGAHC NYSTKTMRND GGLEVIKKAI GKLQLKHKEH IAAYGEGNER RLTGKHETAD 310 320 330 340 350 INTFSWGVAN RGASVRVGRD TEKEGKGYFE DRRPASNMDP YVVTSMIAET TILG

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC clones." Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Tabata S. DNA Res. 7:131-135(2000) [PubMed: 10819329] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana." Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B., Feldmann K.A. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[5]	"Arabidopsis ORF clones." Kim C.J., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Shinn P., Ecker J.R. Submitted (DEC-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[6]	"Carbon and amino acids reciprocally modulate the expression of glutamine synthetase in Arabidopsis." Oliveira I.C., Coruzzi G.M. Plant Physiol. 121:301-310(1999) [PubMed: 10482686] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION.
[7]	"Kinetic properties and ammonium-dependent regulation of cytosolic isoenzymes of glutamine synthetase in Arabidopsis." Ishiyama K., Inoue E., Watanabe-Takahashi A., Obara M., Yamaya T., Takahashi H. J. Biol. Chem. 279:16598-16605(2004) [PubMed: 14757761] [Abstract] Cited for: BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION.
[8]	"Gln49 and Ser174 residues play critical roles in determining the catalytic efficiencies of plant glutamine synthetase." Ishiyama K., Inoue E., Yamaya T., Takahashi H. Plant Cell Physiol. 47:299-303(2006) [PubMed: 16338958] [Abstract] Cited for: MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-49 AND ALA-174.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AB019230 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB02705.1. CP002686 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE76011.1. BT004249 mRNA. Translation: AAO42253.1. AY088312 mRNA. Translation: AAM65851.1. BT020327 mRNA. Translation: AAV85682.1. BT020432 mRNA. Translation: AAW28559.1.
IPI	IPI00534977.
RefSeq	NP_188409.1. NM_112663.2.
UniGene	At.26821.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q9LVI8.
SMR	Q9LVI8. Positions 4-353.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	Q9LVI8.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9LVI8.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlants	AT3G17820.1; AT3G17820.1; AT3G17820.
GeneID	821050.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT3G17820 in contig BA000014_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT3G17820.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.13977.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At3g17820.
Phylogenomic databases
GeneTree	EPGT00050000002349.
HOGENOM	HBG299709.
InParanoid	Q9LVI8.
OMA	FEQEYFF.
PhylomeDB	Q9LVI8.
ProtClustDB	PLN02284.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	6.3.1.2. 399.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	Q9LVI8.
GermOnline	AT3G17820. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR008147. Gln_synt_beta. IPR014746. Gln_synth/guanido_kin_cat_dom. IPR008146. Gln_synth_cat_dom. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.30.590.10. ATP-gua_Ptrans. 1 hit. G3DSA:3.10.20.70. G3DSA:3.10.20.70. 1 hit.
KO	K01915.
Pfam	PF00120. Gln-synt_C. 1 hit. PF03951. Gln-synt_N. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF54368. Gln_synt_beta. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00180. GLNA_1. 1 hit. PS00181. GLNA_ATP. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GLN13_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9LVI8
Secondary accession number(s): Q5PNX0, Q84W44

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 1, 2000
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	November 16, 2011
This is version 74 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Plant Protein Annotation Program