Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9LRR7 (NCED3_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED3, chloroplastic
      Short name=AtNCED3
    EC=1.13.11.51
Alternative name(s):
    Protein SALT TOLERANT 1

Gene names

Name:	NCED3
Synonyms:	STO1
Ordered Locus Names:	At3g14440
ORF Names:	MOA2.4

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	599 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids, in response to water stress. Ref.1 Ref.5
Catalytic activity	A 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + a 12'-apo-carotenal. 9-cis-violaxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6S)-5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al. 9'-cis-neoxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6R)-5,6-dihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al.
Enzyme regulation	Inhibited by abamine and abamineSG. Ref.6 Ref.7
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast stroma. Note: Partially bound to the thylakoid. Ref.4
Tissue specificity	Localized in roots, leaves, stems, empty silique envelopes and seeds. Expressed at the point of organ attachment and the abscission zones in the plant. Ref.5 Ref.4 Ref.8
Induction	By salt or drought stress and pathogen. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.4 Ref.9
Disruption phenotype	Plants show enhanced germination on salt and hypersensitivity to desication and LiCl. Ref.1
Miscellaneous	Overexpresion of NCED3 results in increased accumulation of abscisic acid and resistance to water stress.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Abscisic acid biosynthesis Stress response
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Molecular function	Dioxygenase Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	abscisic acid biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW hyperosmotic salinity response Ref.5 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW response to water deprivation Ref.1 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	chloroplast stroma Ref.4 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR chloroplast thylakoid membrane Ref.4 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase activity Ref.1 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 40	40	Chloroplast Potential
	Chain	41 – 599	559	9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED3, chloroplastic		PRO_0000285991
Regions
	Compositional bias	92 – 96	5	Poly-Ala
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	371	1	R → L in AAL07104. Ref.3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9LRR7-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: 7D513F39945E0CF3	FASTA	599	65,857
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MASFTATAAV SGRWLGGNHT QPPLSSSQSS DLSYCSSLPM ASRVTRKLNV SSALHTPPAL 70 80 90 100 110 120 HFPKQSSNSP AIVVKPKAKE SNTKQMNLFQ RAAAAALDAA EGFLVSHEKL HPLPKTADPS 130 140 150 160 170 180 VQIAGNFAPV NEQPVRRNLP VVGKLPDSIK GVYVRNGANP LHEPVTGHHF FDGDGMVHAV 190 200 210 220 230 240 KFEHGSASYA CRFTQTNRFV QERQLGRPVF PKAIGELHGH TGIARLMLFY ARAAAGIVDP 250 260 270 280 290 300 AHGTGVANAG LVYFNGRLLA MSEDDLPYQV QITPNGDLKT VGRFDFDGQL ESTMIAHPKV 310 320 330 340 350 360 DPESGELFAL SYDVVSKPYL KYFRFSPDGT KSPDVEIQLD QPTMMHDFAI TENFVVVPDQ 370 380 390 400 410 420 QVVFKLPEMI RGGSPVVYDK NKVARFGILD KYAEDSSNIK WIDAPDCFCF HLWNAWEEPE 430 440 450 460 470 480 TDEVVVIGSC MTPPDSIFNE SDENLKSVLS EIRLNLKTGE STRRPIISNE DQQVNLEAGM 490 500 510 520 530 540 VNRNMLGRKT KFAYLALAEP WPKVSGFAKV DLTTGEVKKH LYGDNRYGGE PLFLPGEGGE 550 560 570 580 590 EDEGYILCFV HDEKTWKSEL QIVNAVSLEV EATVKLPSRV PYGFHGTFIG ADDLAKQVV

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Regulation of drought tolerance by gene manipulation of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, a key enzyme in abscisic acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis." Iuchi S., Kobayashi M., Taji T., Naramoto M., Seki M., Kato T., Tabata S., Kakubari Y., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K., Shinozaki K. Plant J. 27:325-333(2001) [PubMed: 11532178] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, INDUCTION BY DROUGHT STRESS, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
[2]	"Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC clones." Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Tabata S. DNA Res. 7:131-135(2000) [PubMed: 10819329] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Molecular characterization of the Arabidopsis 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene family." Tan B.-C., Joseph L.M., Deng W.-T., Liu L., Li Q.-B., Cline K., McCarty D.R. Plant J. 35:44-56(2003) [PubMed: 12834401] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY DROUGHT STRESS.
[5]	"Uncoupling the effects of abscisic acid on plant growth and water relations. Analysis of sto1/nced3, an abscisic acid-deficient but salt stress-tolerant mutant in Arabidopsis." Ruggiero B., Koiwa H., Manabe Y., Quist T.M., Inan G., Saccardo F., Joly R.J., Hasegawa P.M., Bressan R.A., Maggio A. Plant Physiol. 136:3134-3147(2004) [PubMed: 15466233] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY SALT STRESS.
[6]	"A novel inhibitor of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase in abscisic acid biosynthesis in higher plants." Han S.Y., Kitahata N., Sekimata K., Saito T., Kobayashi M., Nakashima K., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K., Shinozaki K., Yoshida S., Asami T. Plant Physiol. 135:1574-1582(2004) [PubMed: 15247398] [Abstract] Cited for: ENZYME REGULATION.
[7]	"A 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase inhibitor for use in the elucidation of abscisic acid action mechanisms." Kitahata N., Han S.Y., Noji N., Saito T., Kobayashi M., Nakano T., Kuchitsu K., Shinozaki K., Yoshida S., Matsumoto S., Tsujimoto M., Asami T. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14:5555-5561(2006) [PubMed: 16682205] [Abstract] Cited for: ENZYME REGULATION.
[8]	"Functional analysis of Arabidopsis NCED6 and NCED9 genes indicates that ABA synthesized in the endosperm is involved in the induction of seed dormancy." Lefebvre V., North H., Frey A., Sotta B., Seo M., Okamoto M., Nambara E., Marion-Poll A. Plant J. 45:309-319(2006) [PubMed: 16412079] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[9]	"Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato hijacks the Arabidopsis abscisic acid signalling pathway to cause disease." de Torres-Zabala M., Truman W., Bennett M.H., Lafforgue G., Mansfield J.W., Rodriguez Egea P., Bogre L., Grant M. EMBO J. 26:1434-1443(2007) [PubMed: 17304219] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION BY PATHOGEN.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AB026549 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB70609.1. AB028617 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB01336.1. AY056255 mRNA. Translation: AAL07104.1.
IPI	IPI00528622.
RefSeq	NP_188062.1.
UniGene	At.26346
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9LRR7.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	820667.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT3G14440 in contig BA000014_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT3G14440.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.13583.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At3g14440.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	Q9LRR7. YARNGAN.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	MetaCyc:AT3G14440-MON.
BRENDA	1.13.11.51. 302.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR004294. Carotenoid_Oase. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR10543. Carotenoid_Oase. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF03055. RPE65. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

NCED3_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9LRR7
Secondary accession number(s): Q93ZU5

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 1, 2007
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	July 7, 2009
This is version 43 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)