Q9LDV4 (ALAT2_ARATH) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Alanine aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial
Short name=AtAlaAT2
Short name=AtAlaATm
EC=2.6.1.2

Alternative name(s):
Alanine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase 3
EC=2.6.1.-

Gene names

Name:	ALAAT2
Synonyms:	AOAT3
Ordered Locus Names:	At1g72330
ORF Names:	T10D10.20, T9N14.10

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Streptophytina › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Euphyllophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	540 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Catalytic activity	L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate.
Cofactor	Pyridoxal phosphate By similarity.
Pathway	Photosynthesis; C4 acid pathway. Amino-acid degradation; L-alanine degradation via transaminase pathway; pyruvate from L-alanine: step 1/1.
Subunit structure	Homodimer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion Potential.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in shoots, essentially in leaves and flowers, mostly in vascular tissues. Also detected in stems and roots. Ref.5 Ref.6
Induction	Rapidly induced upon low-oxygen stress in roots and shoots. Ref.6
Post-translational modification	The N-terminus is blocked By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAG51787.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction. The sequence AEE35307.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	Pyridoxal phosphate
Molecular function	Aminotransferase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	L-alanine catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-UniPathway biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro response to hypoxia Inferred from expression pattern Ref.6. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	mitochondrion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular_function	L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC pyridoxal phosphate binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9LDV4-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9LDV4-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     410-540: PGDDSYDSYM...HKSFMDEFRN → KEMEFSHPWLNVQRLWKTLSTV

Note: Derived from EST data. No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 46	46	Mitochondrion Potential
	Chain	47 – 540	494	Alanine aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial		PRO_0000416043
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	357	1	N6-(pyridoxal phosphate)lysine By similarity
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	410 – 540	131	PGDDS…DEFRN → KEMEFSHPWLNVQRLWKTLS TV in isoform 2.		VSP_042467
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	265	1	K → E in AAK59591. Ref.4

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: 4D1D4D4102CBD661	FASTA	540	59,511
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRRFLINQAK GLVDHSRRQH HHKSPSFLSP QPRPLASSPP ALSRFFSSTS EMSASDSTSS 70 80 90 100 110 120 LPVTLDSINP KVLKCEYAVR GEIVNIAQKL QEDLKTNKDA YPFDEIIYCN IGNPQSLGQL 130 140 150 160 170 180 PIKFFREVLA LCDHASLLDE SETHGLFSTD SIDRAWRILD HIPGRATGAY SHSQGIKGLR 190 200 210 220 230 240 DVIAAGIEAR DGFPADPNDI FLTDGASPAV HMMMQLLLSS EKDGILSPIP QYPLYSASIA 250 260 270 280 290 300 LHGGSLVPYY LDEATGWGLE ISDLKKQLEE ARSKGISVRA LVVINPGNPT GQVLAEENQR 310 320 330 340 350 360 DIVNFCKQEG LVLLADEVYQ ENVYVPDKKF HSFKKVARSL GYGEKDISLV SFQSVSKGYY 370 380 390 400 410 420 GECGKRGGYM EVTGFTSDVR EQIYKMASVN LCSNISGQIL ASLVMSPPKP GDDSYDSYMA 430 440 450 460 470 480 ERDGILSSMA KRAKTLEDAL NSLEGVTCNR AEGAMYLFPR INLPQKAIEA AEAEKTAPDA 490 500 510 520 530 540 FYCKRLLNAT GVVVVPGSGF GQVPGTWHFR CTILPQEDKI PAIVNRLTEF HKSFMDEFRN
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: 62385DCABF0834D1	FASTA	431	47,710
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRRFLINQAK GLVDHSRRQH HHKSPSFLSP QPRPLASSPP ALSRFFSSTS EMSASDSTSS 70 80 90 100 110 120 LPVTLDSINP KVLKCEYAVR GEIVNIAQKL QEDLKTNKDA YPFDEIIYCN IGNPQSLGQL 130 140 150 160 170 180 PIKFFREVLA LCDHASLLDE SETHGLFSTD SIDRAWRILD HIPGRATGAY SHSQGIKGLR 190 200 210 220 230 240 DVIAAGIEAR DGFPADPNDI FLTDGASPAV HMMMQLLLSS EKDGILSPIP QYPLYSASIA 250 260 270 280 290 300 LHGGSLVPYY LDEATGWGLE ISDLKKQLEE ARSKGISVRA LVVINPGNPT GQVLAEENQR 310 320 330 340 350 360 DIVNFCKQEG LVLLADEVYQ ENVYVPDKKF HSFKKVARSL GYGEKDISLV SFQSVSKGYY 370 380 390 400 410 420 GECGKRGGYM EVTGFTSDVR EQIYKMASVN LCSNISGQIL ASLVMSPPKK EMEFSHPWLN 430 VQRLWKTLST V

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and characterization of Arabidopsis alanine aminotransferase genes." Ismond K.P., Dennis E.S., Dolferus R. Submitted (JUN-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Strain: cv. C24.
[2]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O., Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E., Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K. , Conn L., Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P., Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D., Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J., Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L., Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A., Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A., Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M., Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M., Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P., Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D., Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D., Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W. Nature 408:816-820(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 9-540 (ISOFORM 1). Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Identification of photorespiratory glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase (GGAT) gene in Arabidopsis." Igarashi D., Miwa T., Seki M., Kobayashi M., Kato T., Tabata S., Shinozaki K., Ohsumi C. Plant J. 33:975-987(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, GENE FAMILY, NOMENCLATURE.
[6]	"Alanine aminotransferase catalyses the breakdown of alanine after hypoxia in Arabidopsis thaliana." Miyashita Y., Dolferus R., Ismond K.P., Good A.G. Plant J. 49:1108-1121(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY HYPOXIC STRESS.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF275371 mRNA. Translation: AAF82781.1. AC016529 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAG52580.1. AC067754 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAG51787.1. Sequence problems. CP002684 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE35305.1. CP002684 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE35306.1. CP002684 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE35307.1. Sequence problems. AY035086 mRNA. Translation: AAK59591.2.
IPI	IPI00526016. IPI00846314. IPI00992718.
PIR	B96747.
RefSeq	NP_001077811.1. NM_001084342.1. NP_001185380.1. NM_001198451.1. NP_565040.2. NM_105892.4.
UniGene	At.15579.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q9LDV4.
SMR	Q9LDV4. Positions 63-539.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	3702.AT1G72330.1-P.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q9LDV4.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlants	AT1G72330.1; AT1G72330.1; AT1G72330.
GeneID	843565.
KEGG	ath:AT1G72330.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At1g72330.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	HOG000215020.
InParanoid	Q9LDV4.
KO	K00814.
PhylomeDB	Q9LDV4.
ProtClustDB	PLN02231.
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathway	UPA00322. UPA00528; UER00586.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9LDV4.
Genevestigator	Q9LDV4.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	3.40.640.10. 1 hit. 3.90.1150.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR004839. Aminotransferase_I/II. IPR015424. PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase. IPR015421. PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major_sub1. IPR015422. PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major_sub2. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00155. Aminotran_1_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF53383. PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major. 1 hit.
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

ALAT2_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9LDV4
Secondary accession number(s): F4IDA2 , F4IDA4, Q94C83, Q9C7S4

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	March 21, 2012
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 80 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Plant Protein Annotation Program