Q9JKQ2 (S26A5_MERUN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Prestin

Alternative name(s):
Solute carrier family 26 member 5

Gene names

Name:	SLC26A5
Synonyms:	PRES

Organism

Meriones unguiculatus (Mongolian jird) (Mongolian gerbil)

Taxonomic identifier

10047 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Gerbillinae › Meriones

Protein attributes

Sequence length	744 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Motor protein that converts auditory stimuli to length changes in outer hair cells and mediates sound amplification in the mammalian hearing organ. Prestin is a bidirectional voltage-to-force converter, it can operate at microsecond rates. It uses cytoplasmic anions as extrinsic voltage sensors, probably chloride and bicarbonate. After binding to a site with millimolar affinity, these anions are translocated across the membrane in response to changes in the transmembrane voltage. They move towards the extracellular surface following hyperpolarization, and towards the cytoplasmic side in response to depolarization. As a consequence, this translocation triggers conformational changes in the protein that ultimately alter its surface area in the plane of the plasma membrane. The area decreases when the anion is near the cytoplasmic face of the membrane (short state), and increases when the ion has crossed the membrane to the outer surface (long state). So, it acts as an incomplete transporter. It swings anions across the membrane, but does not allow these anions to dissociate and escape to the extracellular space. Salicylate, an inhibitor of outer hair cell motility, acts as competitive antagonist at the prestin anion-binding site By similarity.
Subcellular location	Basolateral cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note: Basolateral wall of outer hair cells.
Tissue specificity	Highly expressed in mature outer hair cells, but not in inner hair cells or other cells of the basilar membrane and the organ of Corti.
Developmental stage	Detected in the organ of Corti as early as 6 days after birth; levels increase up to day 20, concomitant with the development of high sensitivity hearing.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family. [View classification] Contains 1 STAS domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Cell shape Hearing
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Molecular function	Motor protein
PTM	Glycoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	regulation of cell shape Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW sensory perception of sound Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW sulfate transport Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular_component	basolateral plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular_function	secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 744	744	Prestin		PRO_0000080168
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 79	79	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	80 – 100	21	Helical; Name=1; Potential
	Topological domain	101 – 102	2	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	103 – 123	21	Helical; Name=2; Potential
	Topological domain	124 – 131	8	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	132 – 152	21	Helical; Name=3; Potential
	Topological domain	153 – 183	31	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	184 – 204	21	Helical; Name=4; Potential
	Topological domain	205 – 211	7	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	212 – 232	21	Helical; Name=5; Potential
	Topological domain	233 – 253	21	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	254 – 274	21	Helical; Name=6; Potential
	Topological domain	275 – 286	12	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	287 – 307	21	Helical; Name=7; Potential
	Topological domain	308 – 334	27	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	335 – 355	21	Helical; Name=8; Potential
	Topological domain	356 – 374	19	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	375 – 395	21	Helical; Name=9; Potential
	Topological domain	396 – 411	16	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	412 – 432	21	Helical; Name=10; Potential
	Topological domain	433 – 441	9	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	442 – 462	21	Helical; Name=11; Potential
	Topological domain	463 – 479	17	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	480 – 500	21	Helical; Name=12; Potential
	Topological domain	501 – 744	244	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Domain	525 – 713	189	STAS
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	163	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	166	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9JKQ2 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: 1CDF66589DAACBBC	FASTA	744	81,419
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDHAEENEIP VATQKYHVER PIFSHPVLQE RLHVKDKVSE SIGDKLKQAF TCTPKKIRNI 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYMFLPITKW LPAYKFKEYV LGDLVSGIST GVLQLPQGLA FAMLAAVPPV FGLYSSFYPV 130 140 150 160 170 180 IMYCFFGTSR HISIGPFAVI SLMIGGVAVR LVPDDIVIPG GVNATNGTEA RDALRVKVAM 190 200 210 220 230 240 SVTLLSGIIQ FCLGVCRFGF VAIYLTEPLV RGFTTAAAVH VFTSMLKYLF GVKTKRYSGI 250 260 270 280 290 300 FSVVYSTVAV LQNVKNLNVC SLGVGLMVFG LLLGGKEFNE RFKEKLPAPI PLEFFAVVMG 310 320 330 340 350 360 TGISAGFNLH ESYSVDVVGT LPLGLLPPAN PDTSLFHLVY VDAIAIAIVG FSVTISMAKT 370 380 390 400 410 420 LANKHGYQVD GNQELIALGI CNSIGSLFQT FSISCSLSRS LVQEGTGGKT QLAGCLASLM 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILLVILATGF LFESLPQAVL SAIVIVNLKG MFMQFSDLPF FWRTSKIELT IWLTTFVSSL 490 500 510 520 530 540 FLGLDYGLIT AVIIALLTVI YRTQSPSYKV LGQLPDTDVY IDIDAYEEVK EIPGIKIFQI 550 560 570 580 590 600 NAPIYYANSD LYSNALKRKT GVNPALIMGA RRKAMRKYAK EVGNANIANA AVVKVDGEVD 610 620 630 640 650 660 GENATKPEEE DDEVKYPPIV IKTTFPEELQ RFMPQTENVH TIILDFTQVN FIDSVGVKTL 670 680 690 700 710 720 AVMVKEYGDV GIYVYLAGCS PQVVNDLTRN RFFENPALKE LLFHSIHDAV LGSHVREAMA 730 740 EQEASAPPPQ DDMEPNATPT TPEA

References

[1]	"Prestin is the motor protein of cochlear outer hair cells." Zheng J., Shen W., He D.Z.Z., Long K.B., Madison L.D., Dallos P. Nature 405:149-155(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Organ of Corti.
[2]	"Prestin topology: localization of protein epitopes in relation to the plasma membrane." Zheng J., Long K.B., Shen W., Madison L.D., Dallos P. NeuroReport 12:1929-1935(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TOPOLOGY.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

Pump up the volume - Issue 22 of May 2002

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF230376 mRNA. Translation: AAF71715.1.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q9JKQ2.
ModBase	Search...
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	HBG000639.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	3.30.750.24. 2 hits.
InterPro	IPR018045. S04_transporter_CS. IPR002645. STAS_dom. IPR001902. SulP_transpt. IPR011547. Sulph_transpt. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF01740. STAS. 1 hit. PF00916. Sulfate_transp. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF52091. STAS. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR00815. sulP. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS01130. SLC26A. 1 hit. PS50801. STAS. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

S26A5_MERUN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9JKQ2

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	March 27, 2002
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2000
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 71 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program