Q9HC10 (OTOF_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 118.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Otoferlin Alternative name(s): Fer-1-like protein 2 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1997 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Key calcium ion sensor involved in the Ca2+-triggered synaptic vesicle-plasma membrane fusion and in the control of neurotransmitter release at these output synapses. Interacts in a calcium-dependent manner to the presynaptic SNARE proteins at ribbon synapses of cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) to trigger exocytosis of neurotransmitter. Also essential to synaptic exocytosis in immature outer hair cells (OHCs). May also play a role within the recycling of endosomes By similarity. |
| Cofactor | Binds calcium ions. The ions are bound to the C2 1 domain By similarity. |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with SNAP2; the interaction is direct. Interacts with STX1; the interaction is direct. Interacts with RAB8B By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | Cytoplasmic vesicle › secretory vesicle › synaptic vesicle membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein By similarity. Basolateral cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein By similarity. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein By similarity. Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein By similarity. Note: Detected at basolateral cell membrane with synaptic vesicles surrounding the ribbon and at the presynaptic plasma membrane in the inner hair cells (IHCs). Colocalizes with GPR25 and RAB8B in inner hair cells By similarity. |
| Tissue specificity | Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are found in adult brain. Isoform 2 is expressed in the fetus and in adult brain, heart, placenta, skeletal muscle and kidney. |
| Domain | The N-terminal first 124 residues can be classified as C2 domain, based on their 3D-structure. They are not sufficient for calcium ion or phospholipid binding By similarity. |
| Involvement in disease | Deafness, autosomal recessive, 9 (DFNB9) [MIM:601071]: A form of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural deafness results from damage to the neural receptors of the inner ear, the nerve pathways to the brain, or the area of the brain that receives sound information. Auditory neuropathy, autosomal recessive, 1 (AUNB1) [MIM:601071]: A form of sensorineural hearing loss with absent or severely abnormal auditory brainstem response, in the presence of normal cochlear outer hair cell function and normal otoacoustic emissions. Auditory neuropathies result from a lesion in the area including the inner hair cells, connections between the inner hair cells and the cochlear branch of the auditory nerve, the auditory nerve itself and auditory pathways of the brainstem. In some cases AUNB1 phenotype can be temperature sensitive. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the ferlin family. Contains 4 C2 domains. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAG58982.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 5 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] Note: Additional isoforms seem to exist. | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9HC10-1) Also known as: Long; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9HC10-2) Also known as: Short-1; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-747: Missing. 1245-1264: Missing. 1943-1997: SFIWFLNPLK...GYLVKKILGA → AFVWFLNPLK...GYMVKKLLGA | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q9HC10-3) Also known as: Short-2; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-690: Missing. 691-738: MRPQVTDRNY...NIMDHIADKL → MMTDTQDGPS...PSITHTPDSQ | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: Q9HC10-4) Also known as: Short-3; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-747: Missing. 1245-1264: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 5 (identifier: Q9HC10-5) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1943-1997: SFIWFLNPLK...GYLVKKILGA → AFVWFLNPLK...GYMVKKLLGA |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1997 | 1997 | Otoferlin | PRO_0000057881 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 1 – 1963 | 1963 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1964 – 1984 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1985 – 1997 | 13 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Domain | 241 – 338 | 98 | C2 1 | ||||||
| Domain | 404 – 514 | 111 | C2 2 | ||||||
| Domain | 947 – 1052 | 106 | C2 3 | ||||||
| Domain | 1479 – 1577 | 99 | C2 4 | ||||||
| Coiled coil | 792 – 821 | 30 | Potential | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 1303 – 1310 | 8 | Poly-Lys | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 1314 – 1320 | 7 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 1965 – 1983 | 19 | Poly-Leu | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 11 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 747 | 747 | Missing in isoform 2 and isoform 4. | VSP_001507 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 690 | 690 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_001509 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 691 – 738 | 48 | MRPQV…IADKL → MMTDTQDGPSESSQIMRSLT PLINREEAFGEAGEAGLWPS ITHTPDSQ in isoform 3. | VSP_001510 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1245 – 1264 | 20 | Missing in isoform 2 and isoform 4. | VSP_001508 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1943 – 1997 | 55 | SFIWF…KILGA → AFVWFLNPLKSIKYLICTRY KWLIIKIVLALLGLLMLGLF LYSLPGYMVKKLLGA in isoform 2 and isoform 5. | VSP_001511 | |||||
| Natural variant | 53 | 1 | A → V. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs1879761 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_032226 | |||||
| Natural variant | 82 | 1 | R → C. Ref.6 Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs13031859 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_032227 | |||||
| Natural variant | 255 | 1 | Q → H in AUNB1. Ref.12 | VAR_046003 | |||||
| Natural variant | 490 | 1 | P → Q in DFNB9. Ref.7 Ref.10 | VAR_032228 | |||||
| Natural variant | 515 | 1 | I → T in DFNB9 and AUNB1; temperature sensitive. Ref.7 Ref.10 | VAR_032229 | |||||
| Natural variant | 575 | 1 | V → M. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs55676840 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_032230 | |||||
| Natural variant | 773 | 1 | R → S. Ref.6 Ref.10 | VAR_032231 | |||||
| Natural variant | 794 | 1 | R → H in DFNB9. Ref.10 | VAR_032232 | |||||
| Natural variant | 818 | 1 | R → W. Corresponds to variant rs2272070 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_028028 | |||||
| Natural variant | 822 | 1 | R → W in DFNB9; uncertain pathogenicity. Ref.9 Ref.10 | VAR_032233 | |||||
| Natural variant | 964 | 1 | A → E in AUNB1. Ref.12 | VAR_046004 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1011 | 1 | L → P in AUNB1 and DFNB9. Ref.8 Ref.10 | VAR_032234 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1083 | 1 | A → P. Ref.10 | VAR_032235 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1138 | 1 | L → P in AUNB1. Ref.12 | VAR_046005 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1157 | 1 | R → Q. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs56054534 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_032236 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1236 | 1 | R → Q. Ref.12 | VAR_046006 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1322 | 1 | D → E. Ref.10 | VAR_032237 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1323 | 1 | E → K in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation. Ref.11 | VAR_035895 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1547 | 1 | I → V in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation. Ref.11 | VAR_035896 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1625 | 1 | V → M. Ref.10 | VAR_032238 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1646 | 1 | P → S. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs17005371 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_028029 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1680 | 1 | R → H. Corresponds to variant rs11893228 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_028030 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1688 | 1 | T → K. Ref.12 | VAR_046007 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1795 | 1 | F → C in AUNB1. Ref.12 | VAR_046008 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1825 | 1 | P → A in DFNB9. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs28937591 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_032239 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1886 | 1 | V → A. Corresponds to variant rs45442103 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_049057 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1888 | 1 | G → D. Ref.10 | VAR_032240 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1939 | 1 | R → Q in AUNB1. Ref.10 | VAR_032241 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1987 | 1 | P → R in AUNB1. Ref.10 | VAR_032242 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1088 | 1 | L → P in AAD26117. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1088 | 1 | L → P in AAG12992. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1088 | 1 | L → P in AAG17468. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1787 | 1 | G → S in BAG58982. Ref.5 | ||||||
| Isoform 3: | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 21 | 1 | P → L in AAG12992. Ref.2 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "A mutation in OTOF, encoding otoferlin, a FER-1-like protein, causes DFNB9, a nonsyndromic form of deafness." Yasunaga S., Grati M., Cohen-Salmon M., El-Amraoui A., Mustapha M., Salem N., El-Zir E., Loiselet J., Petit C. Nat. Genet. 21:363-369(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 4), INVOLVEMENT IN DFNB9. Tissue: Fetus. |
| [2] | "OTOF encodes multiple long and short isoforms: genetic evidence that the long ones underlie recessive deafness DFNB9." Yasunaga S., Grati M., Chardenoux S., Smith T.N., Friedman T.B., Lalwani A.K., Wilcox E.R., Petit C. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 67:591-600(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 3), ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. Wilson R.K.Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 1174-1997 (ISOFORM 5). Tissue: Thalamus. |
| [6] | "Q829X, a novel mutation in the gene encoding otoferlin (OTOF), is frequently found in Spanish patients with prelingual non-syndromic hearing loss." Migliosi V., Modamio-Hoeybjoer S., Moreno-Pelayo M.A., Rodriguez-Ballesteros M., Villamar M., Telleria D., Menendez I., Moreno F., Del Castillo I. J. Med. Genet. 39:502-506(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CYS-82 AND SER-773. |
| [7] | "Substitutions in the conserved C2C domain of otoferlin cause DFNB9, a form of nonsyndromic autosomal recessive deafness." Mirghomizadeh F., Pfister M., Apaydin F., Petit C., Kupka S., Pusch C.M., Zenner H.P., Blin N. Neurobiol. Dis. 10:157-164(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS DFNB9 GLN-490 AND THR-515. |
| [8] | "A novel missense mutation in a C2 domain of OTOF results in autosomal recessive auditory neuropathy." Tekin M., Akcayoz D., Incesulu A. Am. J. Med. Genet. A 138:6-10(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT DFNB9 PRO-1011. |
| [9] | "Assessment of the genetic causes of recessive childhood non-syndromic deafness in the UK - implications for genetic testing." Hutchin T., Coy N.N., Conlon H., Telford E., Bromelow K., Blaydon D., Taylor G., Coghill E., Brown S., Trembath R., Liu X.Z., Bitner-Glindzicz M., Mueller R. Clin. Genet. 68:506-512(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT DFNB9 TRP-822. |
| [10] | "OTOF mutations revealed by genetic analysis of hearing loss families including a potential temperature sensitive auditory neuropathy allele." Varga R., Avenarius M.R., Kelley P.M., Keats B.J., Berlin C.I., Hood L.J., Morlet T.G., Brashears S.M., Starr A., Cohn E.S., Smith R.J.H., Kimberling W.J. J. Med. Genet. 43:576-581(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS DFNB9 GLN-490; HIS-794 AND ALA-1825, VARIANTS AUNB1 THR-515; PRO-1011; GLN-1939 AND ARG-1987, VARIANTS VAL-53; CYS-82; MET-575; SER-773; TRP-822; PRO-1083; GLN-1157; GLU-1322; MET-1625; SER-1646 AND ASP-1888. |
| [11] | "The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers." Sjoeblom T., Jones S., Wood L.D., Parsons D.W., Lin J., Barber T.D., Mandelker D., Leary R.J., Ptak J., Silliman N., Szabo S., Buckhaults P., Farrell C., Meeh P., Markowitz S.D., Willis J., Dawson D., Willson J.K.V. Velculescu V.E.Science 314:268-274(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] LYS-1323 AND VAL-1547. |
| [12] | "A multicenter study on the prevalence and spectrum of mutations in the otoferlin gene (OTOF) in subjects with nonsyndromic hearing impairment and auditory neuropathy." Rodriguez-Ballesteros M., Reynoso R., Olarte M., Villamar M., Morera C., Santarelli R., Arslan E., Meda C., Curet C., Voelter C., Sainz-Quevedo M., Castorina P., Ambrosetti U., Berrettini S., Frei K., Tedin S., Smith J., Cruz Tapia M. del Castillo I.Hum. Mutat. 29:823-831(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS AUNB1 HIS-255; GLU-964; PRO-1138 AND CYS-1795, VARIANTS GLN-1236 AND LYS-1688. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF107403 mRNA. Translation: AAD26117.1. AF183185 mRNA. Translation: AAG12991.1. AF183186 mRNA. Translation: AAG12992.1. AF183187 mRNA. Translation: AAG17468.1. AC093378 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY15083.1. AC108070 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471053 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX00684.1. CH471053 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX00686.1. AK296272 mRNA. Translation: BAG58982.1. Different initiation. |
| IPI | IPI00216362. IPI00216364. IPI00216366. IPI00375559. IPI00893506. |
| RefSeq | NP_004793.2. NM_004802.3. NP_919224.1. NM_194248.2. NP_919303.1. NM_194322.2. NP_919304.1. NM_194323.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.91608. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q9HC10. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000272371. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q9HC10. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 116242695. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q9HC10. |
| PRIDE | Q9HC10. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000272371; ENSP00000272371; ENSG00000115155. ENST00000338581; ENSP00000345137; ENSG00000115155. ENST00000339598; ENSP00000344521; ENSG00000115155. ENST00000402415; ENSP00000383906; ENSG00000115155. ENST00000403946; ENSP00000385255; ENSG00000115155. |
| GeneID | 9381. |
| KEGG | hsa:9381. |
| UCSC | uc002rhh.3. human. uc002rhi.3. human. uc002rhj.3. human. uc002rhk.3. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 9381. |
| GeneCards | GC02M026591. |
| HGNC | HGNC:8515. OTOF. |
| HPA | HPA007502. HPA012410. |
| MIM | 601071. phenotype. 603681. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q9HC10. |
| Orphanet | 90636. Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness type DFNB. |
| PharmGKB | PA32841. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | COG5038. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG108221. |
| OMA | QCTMEMA. |
| OrthoDB | EOG408N74. |
| PhylomeDB | Q9HC10. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | Q9HC10. |
| CleanEx | HS_OTOF. |
| Genevestigator | Q9HC10. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000115155. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR000008. C2_Ca-dep. IPR008973. C2_Ca/lipid-bd_dom_CaLB. IPR018029. C2_membr_targeting. IPR012968. FerIin-domain. IPR012561. Ferlin_B-domain. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00168. C2. 7 hits. PF08150. FerB. 1 hit. PF08151. FerI. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00239. C2. 6 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF49562. C2_CaLB. 7 hits. |
| PROSITE | PS50004. C2. 4 hits. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| GenomeRNAi | 9381. |
| NextBio | 35152. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | OTOF_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q9HC10 Secondary accession number(s): B4DJX0 Q9Y650 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
