Q9HA77 (SYCM_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Probable cysteine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
EC=6.1.1.16

Alternative name(s):
Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase
Short name=CysRS

Gene names

Name:	CARS2
ORF Names:	OK/SW-cl.10

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	564 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Catalytic activity	ATP + L-cysteine + tRNA(Cys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys).
Cofactor	Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit By similarity.
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion matrix By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Sequence caution	The sequence BAB93499.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Protein biosynthesis
Cellular component	Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	ATP-binding Metal-binding Nucleotide-binding Zinc
Molecular function	Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase Ligase
PTM	Acetylation
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	cysteinyl-tRNA aminoacylation Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome
Cellular component	cytosol Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome mitochondrial matrix Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cysteine-tRNA ligase activity Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome metal ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – ?		Mitochondrion Potential
	Chain	? – 564		Probable cysteine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial		PRO_0000250741
Regions
	Motif	80 – 90	11	"HIGH" region
	Motif	317 – 321	5	"KMSKS" region
Sites
	Metal binding	78	1	Zinc By similarity
	Metal binding	257	1	Zinc By similarity
	Metal binding	282	1	Zinc By similarity
	Metal binding	286	1	Zinc By similarity
	Binding site	320	1	ATP By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	329	1	N6-acetyllysine Ref.6
Natural variations
	Natural variant	440	1	E → K. Corresponds to variant rs965189 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_034523
	Natural variant	555	1	Q → P. Ref.3 Corresponds to variant rs1043886 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_034524
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	182 – 202	21	RGNAY…KSRGD → SWERLFNGKRQCLLRSESLE ET in BAB93499. Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	207 – 223	17	LVGVV…ADSDK → IGRRGPWSSPETSGLLTS in BAB93499. Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	227	1	S → N in BAB93499. Ref.4

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9HA77 [UniParc]. Last modified March 1, 2001. Version 1. Checksum: 92F8B615E6657D50	FASTA	564	62,224
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLRTTRGPGL GPPLLQAALG LGRAGWHWPA GRAASGGRGR AWLQPTGRET GVQVYNSLTG 70 80 90 100 110 120 RKEPLIVAHA EAASWYSCGP TVYDHAHLGH ACSYVRFDII RRILTKVFGC SIVMVMGITD 130 140 150 160 170 180 VDDKIIKRAN EMNISPASLA SLYEEDFKQD MAALKVLPPT VYLRVTENIP QIISFIEGII 190 200 210 220 230 240 ARGNAYSTAK GNVYFDLKSR GDKYGKLVGV VPGPVGEPAD SDKRHASDFA LWKAAKPQEV 250 260 270 280 290 300 FWASPWGPGR PGWHIECSAI ASMVFGSQLD IHSGGIDLAF PHHENEIAQC EVFHQCEQWG 310 320 330 340 350 360 NYFLHSGHLH AKGKEEKMSK SLKNYITIKD FLKTFSPDVF RFFCLRSSYR SAIDYSDSAM 370 380 390 400 410 420 LQAQQLLLGL GSFLEDARAY MKGQLACGSV REAMLWERLS STKRAVKAAL ADDFDTPRVV 430 440 450 460 470 480 DAILGLAHHG NGQLRASLKE PEGPRSPAVF GAIISYFEQF FETVGISLAN QQYVSGDGSE 490 500 510 520 530 540 ATLHGVVDEL VRFRQKVRQF ALAMPEATGD ARRQQLLERQ PLLEACDTLR RGLTAHGINI 550 560 KDRSSTTSTW ELLDQRTKDQ KSAG

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Mammary gland.
[2]	"The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13." Dunham A., Matthews L.H., Burton J., Ashurst J.L., Howe K.L., Ashcroft K.J., Beare D.M., Burford D.C., Hunt S.E., Griffiths-Jones S., Jones M.C., Keenan S.J., Oliver K., Scott C.E., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews D.T. , Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Bannerjee R., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beasley H., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burrill W., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clamp M.E., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S.C., Cobley V., Collins J.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Deloukas P., Dhami P., Dunham I., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E., Ellington A.G., Faulkner L., Frankish A.G., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gilbert J.G.R., Gilson C.J., Ghori J., Grafham D.V., Gribble S.M., Griffiths C., Hall R.E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E.A., Heath P.D., Howden P.J., Huckle E.J., Hunt P.J., Hunt A.R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Kay M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Laird G.K., Langford C.J., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M., Lloyd C., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., McLaren S.J., McMurray A., Milne S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., Palmer S.A., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phillimore B., Porter K.M., Rice C.M., Searle S., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C.A., Sycamore N., Tester J., Thomas D.W., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B., Wall M., Wallis J.M., West A.P., Whitehead S.L., Willey D.L., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wright M.W., Young L., Coulson A., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Beck S., Bentley D.R., Rogers J., Ross M.T. Nature 428:522-528(2004) [PubMed: 15057823] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT PRO-555. Tissue: Lung.
[4]	"Identification of immuno-peptidmics that recognized by tumor-reactive CTL generated from TIL of colon cancer patients." Shichijo S., Itoh K. Submitted (MAY-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 2-564. Tissue: Colon adenocarcinoma.
[5]	"Toward the full set of human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: characterization of AspRS and TyrRS." Bonnefond L., Fender A., Rudinger-Thirion J., Giege R., Florentz C., Sissler M. Biochemistry 44:4805-4816(2005) [PubMed: 15779907] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION.
[6]	"Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions." Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T., Olsen J.V., Mann M. Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed: 19608861] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-329, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[7]	"Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed: 21269460] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AK022180 mRNA. Translation: BAB13978.1. AL157820, AL139385 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16971.1. AL139385, AL157820 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI17004.1. BC007220 mRNA. Translation: AAH07220.1. AB062436 mRNA. Translation: BAB93499.1. Different initiation.
IPI	IPI00336016.
RefSeq	NP_078813.1. NM_024537.2.
UniGene	Hs.508725.
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1LI5 based on UniProtKB P21888.
ProteinModelPortal	Q9HA77.
SMR	Q9HA77. Positions 51-552.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q9HA77. 1 interaction.
STRING	Q9HA77.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q9HA77.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	74761587.
Proteomic databases
PeptideAtlas	Q9HA77.
PRIDE	Q9HA77.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000257347; ENSP00000257347; ENSG00000134905.
GeneID	79587.
KEGG	hsa:79587.
NMPDR	fig|9606.3.peg.9087.
UCSC	uc001vrd.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	79587.
GeneCards	GC13M111293.
HGNC	HGNC:25695. CARS2.
MIM	612800. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q9HA77.
PharmGKB	PA162381083.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000006347.
HOGENOM	HBG327651.
HOVERGEN	HBG094012.
InParanoid	Q9HA77.
OMA	YEEDFKQ.
OrthoDB	EOG4B8JCV.
PhylomeDB	Q9HA77.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_71. Gene Expression.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9HA77.
Bgee	Q9HA77.
CleanEx	HS_CARS2.
Genevestigator	Q9HA77.
GermOnline	ENSG00000134905. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR015803. Cys-tRNA-synt. IPR024909. Cys-tRNA/MSH_ligase. IPR014729. Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold. IPR009080. tRNAsynth_1a_anticodon-bd. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.50.620. Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold. 2 hits.
KO	K01883.
PANTHER	PTHR10890. Cys_tRNA-synt_1a. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01406. tRNA-synt_1e. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00983. TRNASYNTHCYS.
SUPFAM	SSF47323. tRNAsyn_1a_bind. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR00435. CysS. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00178. AA_TRNA_LIGASE_I. False negative. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
DrugBank	DB00151. L-Cysteine.
NextBio	68590.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

SYCM_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9HA77
Secondary accession number(s): Q8NI84, Q96IV4

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 3, 2006
Last sequence update:	March 1, 2001
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 94 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.