Q9H9S5 (FKRP_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 95.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Fukutin-related protein EC=2.-.-.- | ||
| Gene names |
| ||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 495 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Could be a transferase involved in the modification of glycan moieties of alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1). |
| Subunit structure | May interact with the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) By similarity. Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Exists also as large multimeric protein complexes. Ref.9 |
| Subcellular location | Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Secreted. Cell membrane › sarcolemma By similarity. Rough endoplasmic reticulum. Note: According to some studies the N-terminal hydrophobic domain is cleaved after translocation to the Golgi apparatus and the protein is secreted. Localization at the cell membrane may require the presence of dystroglycan. At the Golgi apparatus localizes to the middle-to-trans-cisternae, as assessed by MG160 colocalization. Detected in rough endoplasmic reticulum in myocytes. In general, mutants associated with severe clinical phenotypes are retained within the endoplasmic reticulum. Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9 |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle, placenta, and heart and relatively weakly in brain, lung, liver kidney and pancreas. |
| Post-translational modification | |
| Involvement in disease | Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy congenital with brain and eye anomalies A5 (MDDGA5) [MIM:613153]: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital muscular dystrophy associated with cobblestone lissencephaly and other brain anomalies, eye malformations, profound mental retardation, and death usually in the first years of life. Included diseases are the more severe Walker-Warburg syndrome and the slightly less severe muscle-eye-brain disease. Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy congenital with or without mental retardation B5 (MDDGB5) [MIM:606612]: A congenital muscular dystrophy characterized by a severe phenotype with inability to walk, muscle hypertrophy, marked elevation of serum creatine kinase, secondary deficiency of laminin alpha2, and a marked reduction in alpha-dystroglycan expression. Only a subset of affected individuals have brain involvements. Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy limb-girdle C5 (MDDGC5) [MIM:607155]: An autosomal recessive degenerative myopathy with age of onset ranging from childhood to adult life, and variable severity. Clinical features include proximal muscle weakness, waddling gait, calf hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy and respiratory insufficiency. A reduction of alpha-dystroglycan and laminin alpha-2 expression can be observed on skeletal muscle biopsy from MDDGC5 patients. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the LicD transferase family. |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 495 | 495 | Fukutin-related protein | PRO_0000204723 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 1 – 6 | 6 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 7 – 29 | 23 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 30 – 495 | 466 | Lumenal Potential | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Glycosylation | 172 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.9 | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 209 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.9 | ||||||
| Disulfide bond | 6 | Interchain Ref.9 | |||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Natural variant | 54 | 1 | R → W in MDDGC5. Ref.14 Corresponds to variant rs28937905 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_019272 | |||||
| Natural variant | 79 | 1 | V → M in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065055 | |||||
| Natural variant | 114 | 1 | A → G in MDDGB5; unknown pathological significance. Ref.1 | VAR_018280 | |||||
| Natural variant | 134 | 1 | R → W in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065056 | |||||
| Natural variant | 143 – 146 | 4 | Missing in MDDGC5. | VAR_018281 | |||||
| Natural variant | 143 | 1 | R → S in MDDGC5. Ref.10 | VAR_018282 | |||||
| Natural variant | 160 | 1 | V → F in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065057 | |||||
| Natural variant | 182 | 1 | Y → C in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065058 | |||||
| Natural variant | 217 | 1 | P → T in MDDGB5. Ref.1 | VAR_018283 | |||||
| Natural variant | 221 | 1 | S → R in MDDGB5; severe form; brain involvement; mental retardation and cerebellar cysts on cranial MRI. Ref.13 Corresponds to variant rs28937902 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_018284 | |||||
| Natural variant | 276 | 1 | L → I in MDDGC5; reduced secretion to the medium; localizes mainly to the Golgi apparatus. Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs28937900 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_018285 | |||||
| Natural variant | 293 | 1 | T → I in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065059 | |||||
| Natural variant | 300 | 1 | V → A in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065060 | |||||
| Natural variant | 300 | 1 | V → M in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065061 | |||||
| Natural variant | 307 | 1 | Y → N in MDDGC5 and MDDGA5; muscle-eye-brain disease. Ref.11 Ref.15 | VAR_022850 | |||||
| Natural variant | 309 | 1 | Y → C in MDDGB5. Ref.1 Ref.11 | VAR_018286 | |||||
| Natural variant | 312 | 1 | R → C in MDDGC5. Ref.10 | VAR_018287 | |||||
| Natural variant | 315 | 1 | P → T in MDDGB5; severe form; brain involvement; mental retardation and cerebellar cysts on cranial MRI. Ref.13 | VAR_018288 | |||||
| Natural variant | 316 | 1 | P → R in MDDGB5 and MDDGC5. Ref.1 Ref.10 | VAR_018289 | |||||
| Natural variant | 316 | 1 | P → S in MDDGC5. Ref.11 | VAR_022851 | |||||
| Natural variant | 318 | 1 | C → Y in MDDGA5; severe Walker-Warburg syndrome. Ref.15 | VAR_022852 | |||||
| Natural variant | 328 | 1 | Y → S in MDDGB5. Ref.1 | VAR_018290 | |||||
| Natural variant | 339 | 1 | R → H in MDDGB5. Ref.1 Ref.11 | VAR_018292 | |||||
| Natural variant | 339 | 1 | R → L in MDDGC5. Ref.10 | VAR_018291 | |||||
| Natural variant | 358 | 1 | P → L in MDDGC5. Ref.12 | VAR_065062 | |||||
| Natural variant | 360 | 1 | D → N in MDDGC5. Ref.11 | VAR_022853 | |||||
| Natural variant | 401 | 1 | D → N in MDDGB5. Ref.1 | VAR_018293 | |||||
| Natural variant | 405 | 1 | V → L in MDDGB5; severe form; brain involvement; mental retardation and cerebellar cysts on cranial MRI. Ref.16 Corresponds to variant rs28937904 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_022854 | |||||
| Natural variant | 448 | 1 | P → L in MDDGB5; strongly reduced secretion to the medium; localizes mainly to the ER compartment. Ref.1 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.11 | VAR_018294 | |||||
| Natural variant | 455 | 1 | A → D in MDDGB5; severe form; brain involvement; mental retardation and cerebellar cysts on cranial MRI. Ref.16 Corresponds to variant rs28937903 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_022855 | |||||
| Natural variant | 462 | 1 | P → S in MDDGC5. Ref.11 | VAR_022856 | |||||
| Natural variant | 463 | 1 | N → D in MDDGB5. Ref.17 | VAR_065063 | |||||
| Natural variant | 465 | 1 | Y → S in MDDGB5. Ref.1 | VAR_018295 | |||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Mutations in the fukutin-related protein gene (FKRP) cause a form of congenital muscular dystrophy with secondary laminin alpha2 deficiency and abnormal glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan." Brockington M., Blake D.J., Prandini P., Brown S.C., Torelli S., Benson M.A., Ponting C.P., Estournet B., Romero N.B., Mercuri E., Voit T., Sewry C.A., Guicheney P., Muntoni F. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 69:1198-1209(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANTS MDDGB5 GLY-114; THR-217; CYS-309; ARG-316; SER-328; HIS-339; ASN-401; LEU-448 AND SER-465. Tissue: Brain. |
| [2] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19." Grimwood J., Gordon L.A., Olsen A.S., Terry A., Schmutz J., Lamerdin J.E., Hellsten U., Goodstein D., Couronne O., Tran-Gyamfi M., Aerts A., Altherr M., Ashworth L., Bajorek E., Black S., Branscomb E., Caenepeel S., Carrano A.V. Lucas S.M.Nature 428:529-535(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [6] | "Subcellular localization of fukutin and fukutin-related protein in muscle cells." Matsumoto H., Noguchi S., Sugie K., Ogawa M., Murayama K., Hayashi Y.K., Nishino I. J. Biochem. 135:709-712(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [7] | "Fukutin-related protein localizes to the Golgi apparatus and mutations lead to mislocalization in muscle in vivo." Keramaris-Vrantsis E., Lu P.J., Doran T., Zillmer A., Ashar J., Esapa C.T., Benson M.A., Blake D.J., Rosenfeld J., Lu Q.L. Muscle Nerve 36:455-465(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS ILE-276 AND LEU-448. |
| [8] | "Mutations alter secretion of fukutin-related protein." Lu P.J., Zillmer A., Wu X., Lochmuller H., Vachris J., Blake D., Chan Y.M., Lu Q.L. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1802:253-258(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, GLYCOSYLATION, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS ILE-276 AND LEU-448. |
| [9] | "Fukutin-related protein resides in the Golgi cisternae of skeletal muscle fibres and forms disulfide-linked homodimers via an N-Terminal interaction." Alhamidi M., Kjeldsen Buvang E., Fagerheim T., Brox V., Lindal S., Van Ghelue M., Nilssen O. PLoS ONE 6:E22968-E22968(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, GLYCOSYLATION AT ASN-172 AND ASN-209, SUBUNIT, DISULFIDE BOND. |
| [10] | "Mutations in the fukutin-related protein gene (FKRP) identify limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2I as a milder allelic variant of congenital muscular dystrophy MDC1C." Brockington M., Yuva Y., Prandini P., Brown S.C., Torelli S., Benson M.A., Herrmann R., Anderson L.V.B., Bashir R., Burgunder J.-M., Fallet S., Romero N., Fardeau M., Straub V., Storey G., Pollitt C., Richard I., Sewry C.A. Muntoni F.Hum. Mol. Genet. 10:2851-2859(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MDDGC5 143-ARG--GLU-146 DEL; SER-143; ILE-276; CYS-312; ARG-316 AND LEU-339. |
| [11] | "Phenotypic spectrum associated with mutations in the fukutin-related protein gene." Mercuri E., Brockington M., Straub V., Quijano-Roy S., Yuva Y., Herrmann R., Brown S.C., Torelli S., Dubowitz V., Blake D.J., Romero N.B., Estournet B., Sewry C.A., Guicheney P., Voit T., Muntoni F. Ann. Neurol. 53:537-542(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MDDGB5 CYS-309; HIS-339 AND LEU-448, VARIANTS MDDGC5 ILE-276; ASN-307; SER-316; ASN-360 AND SER-462. |
| [12] | "Asymptomatic carriers for homozygous novel mutations in the FKRP gene: the other end of the spectrum." de Paula F., Vieira N., Starling A., Yamamoto L.U., Lima B., de Cassia Pavanello R., Vainzof M., Nigro V., Zatz M. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 11:923-930(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MDDGC5 MET-79; TRP-134; PHE-160; CYS-182; ILE-276; ILE-293; ALA-300; MET-300 AND LEU-358. |
| [13] | "FKRP gene mutations cause congenital muscular dystrophy, mental retardation, and cerebellar cysts." Topaloglu H., Brockington M., Yuva Y., Talim B., Haliloglu G., Blake D.J., Torelli S., Brown S.C., Muntoni F. Neurology 60:988-992(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MDDGB5 ARG-221 AND THR-315. |
| [14] | "Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2I: phenotypic variability within a large consanguineous Bedouin family associated with a novel FKRP mutation." Harel T., Goldberg Y., Shalev S.A., Chervinski I., Ofir R., Birk O.S. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 12:38-43(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MDDGC5 TRP-54. |
| [15] | "Mutations in the FKRP gene can cause muscle-eye-brain disease and Walker-Warburg syndrome." Beltran-Valero de Bernabe D., Voit T., Longman C., Steinbrecher A., Straub V., Yuva Y., Herrmann R., Sperner J., Korenke C., Diesen C., Dobyns W.B., Brunner H.G., van Bokhoven H., Brockington M., Muntoni F. J. Med. Genet. 41:E61-E61(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MDDGA5 ASN-307 AND TYR-318. |
| [16] | "New FKRP mutations causing congenital muscular dystrophy associated with mental retardation and central nervous system abnormalities. Identification of a founder mutation in Tunisian families." Louhichi N., Triki C., Quijano-Roy S., Richard P., Makri S., Meziou M., Estournet B., Mrad S., Romero N.B., Ayadi H., Guicheney P., Fakhfakh F. Neurogenetics 5:27-34(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MDDGB5 LEU-405 AND ASP-455. |
| [17] | "A novel FKRP mutation in congenital muscular dystrophy disrupts the dystrophin glycoprotein complex." MacLeod H., Pytel P., Wollmann R., Chelmicka-Schorr E., Silver K., Anderson R.B., Waggoner D., McNally E.M. Neuromuscul. Disord. 17:285-289(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MDDGB5 ASP-463. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| GeneReviews |
| GGDB GlycoGene database |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AJ314847 mRNA. Translation: CAC85633.1. AK022638 mRNA. Translation: BAB14146.1. AK095497 mRNA. Translation: BAG53071.1. AK291282 mRNA. Translation: BAF83971.1. AC008622 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471126 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW57444.1. BC002612 mRNA. Translation: AAH02612.1. |
| IPI | IPI00013281. |
| RefSeq | NP_001034974.1. NM_001039885.2. NP_077277.1. NM_024301.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.515493. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q9H9S5. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000326570. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q9H9S5. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 46395992. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q9H9S5. |
| PRIDE | Q9H9S5. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 79147. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000318584; ENSP00000326570; ENSG00000181027. ENST00000391909; ENSP00000375776; ENSG00000181027. |
| GeneID | 79147. |
| KEGG | hsa:79147. |
| UCSC | uc002pfn.2. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 79147. |
| GeneCards | GC19P047249. |
| HGNC | HGNC:17997. FKRP. |
| MIM | 606596. gene. 606612. phenotype. 607155. phenotype. 613153. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q9H9S5. |
| Orphanet | 34515. Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I. 52428. Congenital muscular dystrophy type 1C. 588. Muscle eye brain disease. 899. Walker-Warburg syndrome. |
| PharmGKB | PA134976709. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | COG3475. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000007172. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG048950. |
| InParanoid | Q9H9S5. |
| OMA | TAHARWK. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4HHP27. |
| PhylomeDB | Q9H9S5. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | Q9H9S5. |
| CleanEx | HS_FKRP. |
| Genevestigator | Q9H9S5. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000181027. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR007074. LicD. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF04991. LicD. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| GenomeRNAi | 79147. |
| NextBio | 68051. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | FKRP_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q9H9S5 Secondary accession number(s): A8K5G7 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 19 Human chromosome 19: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
