Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9C5Y2 (KAO2_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase 2
      Short name=AtKAO2
    EC=1.14.13.79
Alternative name(s):
    Cytochrome P450 88A4

Gene names

Name:	KAO2
Synonyms:	CYP88A4
Ordered Locus Names:	At2g32440
ORF Names:	T32F6.4

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	489 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes three successive oxidations of ent-kaurenoic acid giving gibberellin 12 (GA12), a key step in gibberellins (GAs) biosynthesis. GAs, which are involved many processes, including stem elongation, play a central role in plant development.
Catalytic activity	Ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate + NADPH + O(2) = ent-7-alpha-hydroxykaur-16-en-19-oate + NADP(+) + H(2)O. Ent-7-alpha-hydroxykaur-16-en-19-oate + NADPH + O(2) = gibberellin A(12) aldehyde + NADP(+) + 2 H(2)O. Gibberellin A(12) aldehyde + NADPH + O(2) = gibberellin A(12) + NADP(+) + H(2)O.
Cofactor	Heme group By similarity.
Pathway	Plant hormone biosynthesis; gibberellin biosynthesis.
Subcellular location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.
Tissue specificity	Widely expressed. Highly expressed in influorescence stem, influorescence, and silique tissue. Weakly expressed in cauline and rosette leaves. Expressed at a weaker level in stem and influorescence than AtKAO1/CYP88A3.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Endoplasmic reticulum Membrane
Domain	Transmembrane
Ligand	Heme Iron Metal-binding NADP
Molecular function	Monooxygenase Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	endoplasmic reticulum membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 489	489	Ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase 2		PRO_0000052179
Regions
	Transmembrane	5 – 25	21	Potential
Sites
	Metal binding	436	1	Iron (heme axial ligand) By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	288	1	E → K in AAK11565. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9C5Y2-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 19, 2004. Version 2. Checksum: 945F204F6CB251DA	FASTA	489	56,750
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTETGLILMW FPLIILGLFV LKWVLKRVNV WIYVSKLGEK KHYLPPGDLG WPVIGNMWSF 70 80 90 100 110 120 LRAFKTSDPE SFIQSYITRY GRTGIYKAHM FGYPCVLVTT PETCRRVLTD DDAFHIGWPK 130 140 150 160 170 180 STMKLIGRKS FVGISFEEHK RLRRLTSAPV NGPEALSVYI QFIEETVNTD LEKWSKMGEI 190 200 210 220 230 240 EFLSHLRKLT FKVIMYIFLS SESEHVMDSL EREYTNLNYG VRAMGINLPG FAYHRALKAR 250 260 270 280 290 300 KKLVAAFQSI VTNRRNQRKQ NISSNRKDML DNLIDVKDEN GRVLDDEEII DLLLMYLNAG 310 320 330 340 350 360 HESSGHLTMW ATILMQEHPM ILQKAKEEQE RIVKKRAPGQ KLTLKETREM VYLSQVIDET 370 380 390 400 410 420 LRVITFSLTA FREAKSDVQM DGYIIPKGWK VLTWFRNVHL DPEIYPDPKK FDPSRWEGYT 430 440 450 460 470 480 PKAGTFLPFG LGSHLCPGND LAKLEISIFL HHFLLKYRVE RSNPGCPVMF LPHNRPKDNC LARITRTMP

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The CYP88A cytochrome P450, ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase, catalyzes three steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway." Helliwell C.A., Chandler P.M., Poole A., Dennis E.S., Peacock J.W. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:2065-2070(2001) [PubMed: 11172076] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, ENZYME ACTIVITY, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: cv. Landsberg erecta. Tissue: Silique.
[2]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Lin X., Kaul S., Rounsley S.D., Shea T.P., Benito M.-I., Town C.D., Fujii C.Y., Mason T.M., Bowman C.L., Barnstead M.E., Feldblyum T.V., Buell C.R., Ketchum K.A., Lee J.J., Ronning C.M., Koo H.L., Moffat K.S., Cronin L.A. , Shen M., Pai G., Van Aken S., Umayam L., Tallon L.J., Gill J.E., Adams M.D., Carrera A.J., Creasy T.H., Goodman H.M., Somerville C.R., Copenhaver G.P., Preuss D., Nierman W.C., White O., Eisen J.A., Salzberg S.L., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C. Nature 402:761-768(1999) [PubMed: 10617197] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"A plastid envelope location of Arabidopsis ent-kaurene oxidase links the plastid and endoplasmic reticulum steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway." Helliwell C.A., Sullivan J.A., Mould R.M., Gray J.C., Peacock W.J., Dennis E.S. Plant J. 28:201-208(2001) [PubMed: 11722763] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AF318501 mRNA. Translation: AAK11565.1. AC005700 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC69934.1.
PIR	B84733.
RefSeq	NP_180803.1.
UniGene	At.13205
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1JPZ based on UniProtKB P14779.
ModBase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	817805.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT2G32440 in contig CT485783_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT2G32440.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.10315.
Organism-specific databases
GeneFarm	1519. 94.
TAIR	At2g32440.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	MetaCyc:AT2G32440-MON.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9C5Y2.
GermOnline	AT2G32440. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001128. Cyt_P450. IPR002397. Cyt_P450_B. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.630.10. Cyt_P450. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR19383. Cyt_P450. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00067. p450. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00359. BP450. PR00385. P450.
PROSITE	PS00086. CYTOCHROME_P450. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
BLOCKS	Search...
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

KAO2_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9C5Y2
Secondary accession number(s): Q9ZV72

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 19, 2004
Last sequence update:	July 19, 2004
Last modified:	November 4, 2008
This is version 47 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)