Q9BXM0 (PRAX_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 118.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Periaxin | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1461 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Seems to be required for maintenance of peripheral nerve myelin sheath. May have a role in axon-glial interactions, possibly by interacting with the cytoplasmic domains of integral membrane proteins such as myelin-associated glycoprotein in the periaxonal regions of the Schwann cell plasma membrane. May have a role in the early phases of myelin deposition. |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with SCN10A. Found in a complex with SCN10A. |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus By similarity. Isoform 1: Cell membrane By similarity. Note: Associated with plasma membrane during myelination By similarity. |
| Tissue specificity | Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are found in sciatic nerve and Schwann cells. Ref.5 |
| Domain | Has a remarkable domain of repetitive pentameric units sometimes followed by a tripeptide spacer, it may separate two functional basic and acidic domains. The Arg/Lys-rich basic domain functions as a tripartite nuclear localization signal. |
| Involvement in disease | Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS) [MIM:145900]: A severe degenerating neuropathy of the demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease category, with onset by age 2 years. Characterized by motor and sensory neuropathy with very slow nerve conduction velocities, increased cerebrospinal fluid protein concentrations, hypertrophic nerve changes, delayed age of walking as well as areflexia. There are both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms of Dejerine-Sottas syndrome. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 4F (CMT4F) [MIM:614895]: A recessive demyelinating form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder of the peripheral nervous system, characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy, initially of the peroneal muscles and later of the distal muscles of the arms. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is classified in two main groups on the basis of electrophysiologic properties and histopathology: primary peripheral demyelinating neuropathies (designated CMT1 when they are dominantly inherited) and primary peripheral axonal neuropathies (CMT2). Demyelinating neuropathies are characterized by severely reduced nerve conduction velocities (less than 38 m/sec), segmental demyelination and remyelination with onion bulb formations on nerve biopsy, slowly progressive distal muscle atrophy and weakness, absent deep tendon reflexes, and hollow feet. By convention autosomal recessive forms of demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are designated CMT4. CMT4F is characterized by distal sensory impairment and distal muscle weakness and atrophy affecting the lower more than the upper limbs. The age at onset is variable and can range from childhood to adult years. When the onset is in infancy, the phenotype is characterized as Dejerine-Sottas syndrome. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the periaxin family. Contains 1 PDZ (DHR) domain. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAB13446.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened. The sequence BAB13446.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Aberrant splicing. |
Ontologies
| Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Cellular component | Cell membrane Cytoplasm Membrane Nucleus |
| Coding sequence diversity | Alternative splicing Polymorphism |
| Disease | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Dejerine-Sottas syndrome Disease mutation Neurodegeneration Neuropathy |
| Domain | Repeat |
| PTM | Phosphoprotein |
| Technical term | Complete proteome Reference proteome |
| Gene Ontology (GO) | |
| Biological_process | axon ensheathment Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB cell deathInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW |
| Cellular_component | cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell nucleusInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell plasma membraneInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell |
| Complete GO annotation... | |
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCK1 | P16333 | 2 | EBI-1753064,EBI-389883 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9BXM0-1) Also known as: L-periaxin; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9BXM0-2) Also known as: S-periaxin; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 128-147: NIQSLSPVKKKKMVPGALGV → VRVLSPAPALDCPSDPVSAP 148-1461: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q9BXM0-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-139: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1461 | 1461 | Periaxin | PRO_0000058563 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 16 – 99 | 84 | PDZ | ||||||
| Repeat | 431 – 435 | 5 | 1 | ||||||
| Repeat | 439 – 443 | 5 | 2 | ||||||
| Repeat | 447 – 451 | 5 | 3 | ||||||
| Repeat | 455 – 459 | 5 | 4 | ||||||
| Repeat | 463 – 467 | 5 | 5 | ||||||
| Repeat | 468 – 472 | 5 | 6 | ||||||
| Repeat | 473 – 477 | 5 | 7 | ||||||
| Repeat | 481 – 485 | 5 | 8 | ||||||
| Repeat | 486 – 490 | 5 | 9 | ||||||
| Repeat | 494 – 498 | 5 | 10 | ||||||
| Repeat | 499 – 503 | 5 | 11 | ||||||
| Repeat | 507 – 511 | 5 | 12 | ||||||
| Repeat | 512 – 516 | 5 | 13 | ||||||
| Repeat | 520 – 524 | 5 | 14 | ||||||
| Repeat | 525 – 529 | 5 | 15 | ||||||
| Repeat | 533 – 537 | 5 | 16 | ||||||
| Repeat | 538 – 542 | 5 | 17 | ||||||
| Repeat | 546 – 550 | 5 | 18 | ||||||
| Repeat | 551 – 555 | 5 | 19 | ||||||
| Repeat | 559 – 563 | 5 | 20 | ||||||
| Repeat | 564 – 568 | 5 | 21 | ||||||
| Repeat | 572 – 576 | 5 | 22 | ||||||
| Repeat | 577 – 581 | 5 | 23 | ||||||
| Repeat | 582 – 586 | 5 | 24 | ||||||
| Repeat | 590 – 594 | 5 | 25 | ||||||
| Repeat | 595 – 599 | 5 | 26 | ||||||
| Repeat | 600 – 604 | 5 | 27 | ||||||
| Repeat | 608 – 612 | 5 | 28 | ||||||
| Repeat | 613 – 617 | 5 | 29 | ||||||
| Repeat | 618 – 622 | 5 | 30 | ||||||
| Repeat | 626 – 630 | 5 | 31 | ||||||
| Repeat | 631 – 635 | 5 | 32 | ||||||
| Repeat | 636 – 640 | 5 | 33 | ||||||
| Repeat | 644 – 648 | 5 | 34 | ||||||
| Repeat | 649 – 653 | 5 | 35 | ||||||
| Repeat | 654 – 658 | 5 | 36 | ||||||
| Repeat | 662 – 666 | 5 | 37 | ||||||
| Repeat | 670 – 674 | 5 | 38 | ||||||
| Repeat | 675 – 679 | 5 | 39 | ||||||
| Repeat | 683 – 687 | 5 | 40 | ||||||
| Repeat | 688 – 692 | 5 | 41 | ||||||
| Repeat | 696 – 700 | 5 | 42 | ||||||
| Repeat | 701 – 705 | 5 | 43 | ||||||
| Repeat | 706 – 710 | 5 | 44 | ||||||
| Repeat | 714 – 718 | 5 | 45 | ||||||
| Repeat | 719 – 723 | 5 | 46 | ||||||
| Repeat | 724 – 728 | 5 | 47 | ||||||
| Repeat | 732 – 736 | 5 | 48 | ||||||
| Repeat | 737 – 741 | 5 | 49 | ||||||
| Repeat | 742 – 746 | 5 | 50 | ||||||
| Repeat | 750 – 754 | 5 | 51 | ||||||
| Repeat | 755 – 759 | 5 | 52 | ||||||
| Repeat | 760 – 764 | 5 | 53 | ||||||
| Repeat | 771 – 775 | 5 | 54 | ||||||
| Repeat | 779 – 783 | 5 | 55 | ||||||
| Region | 431 – 783 | 353 | 55 X 5 AA approximate tandem repeats of [LVMAG]-[PSREQC]-[EDKL]-[LIVMAP]-[AQKHRPE]; that may have a tripeptide spacer of [LV]-P-[KER] | ||||||
| Motif | 118 – 196 | 79 | Nuclear localization signal By similarity | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 118 – 196 | 79 | Arg/Lys-rich (basic) | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 1098 – 1235 | 138 | Glu-rich (acidic) | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 1353 – 1361 | 9 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 381 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 1082 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 139 | 139 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_040352 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 128 – 147 | 20 | NIQSL…GALGV → VRVLSPAPALDCPSDPVSAP in isoform 2. | VSP_004363 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 148 – 1461 | 1314 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_004364 | |||||
| Natural variant | 406 | 1 | A → T. Ref.1 | VAR_013056 | |||||
| Natural variant | 495 | 1 | E → Q. Ref.1 | VAR_013057 | |||||
| Natural variant | 651 | 1 | D → N in CMT4F. Ref.6 | VAR_069093 | |||||
| Natural variant | 882 | 1 | V → A. Ref.1 Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs268671 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_013058 | |||||
| Natural variant | 921 | 1 | I → M. Ref.1 Corresponds to variant rs268673 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_013059 | |||||
| Natural variant | 935 | 1 | K → E. Ref.1 | VAR_013060 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1083 | 1 | P → R. Ref.1 Corresponds to variant rs3745202 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_013061 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1132 | 1 | G → R. Ref.1 Ref.4 Corresponds to variant rs268674 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_013062 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1259 | 1 | E → K. Ref.1 | VAR_013063 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1359 | 1 | Missing. Ref.1 | VAR_013064 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1411 | 1 | R → C. Ref.1 | VAR_013065 | |||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Periaxin mutations cause recessive Dejerine-Sottas neuropathy." Boerkoel C.F., Takashima H., Stankiewicz P., Garcia C.A., Leber S.M., Rhee-Morris L., Lupski J.R. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68:325-333(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), VARIANTS THR-406; GLN-495; ALA-882; MET-921; GLU-935; ARG-1083; ARG-1132; LYS-1259; GLU-1359 DEL AND CYS-1411. |
| [2] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro." Nagase T., Kikuno R., Nakayama M., Hirosawa M., Ohara O. DNA Res. 7:273-281(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3), VARIANT ALA-882. Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19." Grimwood J., Gordon L.A., Olsen A.S., Terry A., Schmutz J., Lamerdin J.E., Hellsten U., Goodstein D., Couronne O., Tran-Gyamfi M., Aerts A., Altherr M., Ashworth L., Bajorek E., Black S., Branscomb E., Caenepeel S., Carrano A.V. Lucas S.M.Nature 428:529-535(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ARG-1132. Tissue: PNS. |
| [5] | "A mutation in periaxin is responsible for CMT4F, an autosomal recessive form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease." Guilbot A., Williams A., Ravise N., Verny C., Brice A., Sherman D.L., Brophy P.J., LeGuern E., Delague V., Bareil C., Megarbane A., Claustres M. Hum. Mol. Genet. 10:415-421(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: DISEASE, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [6] | "Late-onset Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 4F caused by periaxin gene mutation." Tokunaga S., Hashiguchi A., Yoshimura A., Maeda K., Suzuki T., Haruki H., Nakamura T., Okamoto Y., Takashima H. Neurogenetics 13:359-365(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT CMT4F ASN-651. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF321191 mRNA. Translation: AAK19279.1. AF321192 mRNA. Translation: AAK19280.1. AB046840 mRNA. Translation: BAB13446.1. Sequence problems. AC010271 Genomic DNA. No translation available. BC067266 mRNA. Translation: AAH67266.1. |
| IPI | IPI00024853. IPI00221068. IPI00953550. |
| RefSeq | NP_066007.1. NM_020956.2. NP_870998.2. NM_181882.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.205457. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q9BXM0. |
| SMR | Q9BXM0. Positions 28-97. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | Q9BXM0. 5 interactions. |
| MINT | MINT-4538686. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000326018. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q9BXM0. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 20178033. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q9BXM0. |
| PRIDE | Q9BXM0. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000291825; ENSP00000291825; ENSG00000105227. ENST00000324001; ENSP00000326018; ENSG00000105227. |
| GeneID | 57716. |
| KEGG | hsa:57716. |
| UCSC | uc002onq.3. human. uc002ons.3. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 57716. |
| GeneCards | GC19M040899. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0015135. |
| HGNC | HGNC:13797. PRX. |
| HPA | HPA001868. |
| MIM | 145900. phenotype. 605725. gene. 614895. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q9BXM0. |
| Orphanet | 99952. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4F. |
| PharmGKB | PA33843. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG304081. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000168246. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG031836. |
| InParanoid | Q9BXM0. |
| OMA | LRMPTFG. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4BVRW4. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | Q9BXM0. |
| CleanEx | HS_PRX. |
| Genevestigator | Q9BXM0. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000105227. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR001478. PDZ. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00228. PDZ. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF50156. PDZ. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS50106. PDZ. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| GenomeRNAi | 57716. |
| NextBio | 64638. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | PRAX_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q9BXM0 Secondary accession number(s): Q9BXL9, Q9HCF2 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 19 Human chromosome 19: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
