Q9BRP4 (PAAF1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Proteasomal ATPase-associated factor 1

Alternative name(s):
Protein G-16
WD repeat-containing protein 71

Gene names

Name:	PAAF1
Synonyms:	WDR71

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	392 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Inhibits proteasome 26S assembly and proteolytic activity by impairing the association of the 19S regulatory complex with the 20S core. In case of HIV-1 infection, recruited by viral Tat to the HIV-1 promoter, where it promotes the recruitment of 19S regulatory complex through dissociation of the proteasome 26S. This presumably promotes provirus transcription efficiency. Ref.7 Ref.9
Subunit structure	Interacts with PSMC1, PSMC2, PSMC3, PSMC4, PSMC5 and PSMC6. Interacts with HIV-1 Tat. Ref.7 Ref.9
Tissue specificity	Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in kidney, brain and testis. Ref.7
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the WD repeat PAAF1/RPN14 family. Contains 5 WD repeats.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Host-virus interaction
Cellular component	Proteasome
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Repeat WD repeat
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	virus-host interaction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular_component	proteasome complex Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
PSMC5	P62195	2	EBI-1056358,EBI-357745

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9BRP4-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9BRP4-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-30: MAAPLRIQSDWAQALRKDEGEAWLSCHPPG → MLVPCFLYSLQNR

Isoform 3 (identifier: Q9BRP4-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-115: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 392	392	Proteasomal ATPase-associated factor 1		PRO_0000235685
Regions
	Repeat	90 – 129	40	WD 1
	Repeat	132 – 171	40	WD 2
	Repeat	174 – 215	42	WD 3
	Repeat	278 – 316	39	WD 4
	Repeat	360 – 392	33	WD 5
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	1 – 115	115	Missing in isoform 3.		VSP_044699
	Alternative sequence	1 – 30	30	MAAPL…CHPPG → MLVPCFLYSLQNR in isoform 2.		VSP_018477
	Natural variant	53	1	A → V. Ref.6 Corresponds to variant rs17850051 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_026415
	Natural variant	139	1	C → S. Ref.3 Corresponds to variant rs2067912 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_032082
	Natural variant	209	1	A → G. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.6 Corresponds to variant rs3741138 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_026416

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified May 16, 2006. Version 2. Checksum: 54ECB1DEC1841B49	FASTA	392	42,190
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAAPLRIQSD WAQALRKDEG EAWLSCHPPG KPSLYGSLTC QGIGLDGIPE VTASEGFTVN 70 80 90 100 110 120 EINKKSIHIS CPKENASSKF LAPYTTFSRI HTKSITCLDI SSRGGLGVSS STDGTMKIWQ 130 140 150 160 170 180 ASNGELRRVL EGHVFDVNCC RFFPSGLVVL SGGMDAQLKI WSAEDASCVV TFKGHKGGIL 190 200 210 220 230 240 DTAIVDRGRN VVSASRDGTA RLWDCGRSAC LGVLADCGSS INGVAVGAAD NSINLGSPEQ 250 260 270 280 290 300 MPSEREVGTE AKMLLLARED KKLQCLGLQS RQLVFLFIGS DAFNCCTFLS GFLLLAGTQD 310 320 330 340 350 360 GNIYQLDVRS PRAPVQVIHR SGAPVLSLLS VRDGFIASQG DGSCFIVQQD LDYVTELTGA 370 380 390 DCDPVYKVAT WEKQIYTCCR DGLVRRYQLS DL
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: C9AAF37840B5F43A	FASTA	375	40,439
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLVPCFLYSL QNRKPSLYGS LTCQGIGLDG IPEVTASEGF TVNEINKKSI HISCPKENAS 70 80 90 100 110 120 SKFLAPYTTF SRIHTKSITC LDISSRGGLG VSSSTDGTMK IWQASNGELR RVLEGHVFDV 130 140 150 160 170 180 NCCRFFPSGL VVLSGGMDAQ LKIWSAEDAS CVVTFKGHKG GILDTAIVDR GRNVVSASRD 190 200 210 220 230 240 GTARLWDCGR SACLGVLADC GSSINGVAVG AADNSINLGS PEQMPSEREV GTEAKMLLLA 250 260 270 280 290 300 REDKKLQCLG LQSRQLVFLF IGSDAFNCCT FLSGFLLLAG TQDGNIYQLD VRSPRAPVQV 310 320 330 340 350 360 IHRSGAPVLS LLSVRDGFIA SQGDGSCFIV QQDLDYVTEL TGADCDPVYK VATWEKQIYT 370 CCRDGLVRRY QLSDL
	Isoform 3 [UniParc]. Checksum: 00F78074BBD2F913	FASTA	277	29,982
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKIWQASNGE LRRVLEGHVF DVNCCRFFPS GLVVLSGGMD AQLKIWSAED ASCVVTFKGH 70 80 90 100 110 120 KGGILDTAIV DRGRNVVSAS RDGTARLWDC GRSACLGVLA DCGSSINGVA VGAADNSINL 130 140 150 160 170 180 GSPEQMPSER EVGTEAKMLL LAREDKKLQC LGLQSRQLVF LFIGSDAFNC CTFLSGFLLL 190 200 210 220 230 240 AGTQDGNIYQ LDVRSPRAPV QVIHRSGAPV LSLLSVRDGF IASQGDGSCF IVQQDLDYVT 250 260 270 ELTGADCDPV YKVATWEKQI YTCCRDGLVR RYQLSDL

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning of a new human cDNA homology to Xenopus laevis gene 16 mRNA." Bi A.D., Yu L., Tu Q., Yang J., Dai F.Y., Cui W.C., Zheng L.H., Zhao S.Y. Submitted (AUG-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), VARIANT GLY-209.
[2]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 3), VARIANT GLY-209. Tissue: Embryo, Kidney and Testis.
[3]	Suzuki Y., Sugano S., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Takeda T., Sakaki Y., Tanaka A., Yokoyama S. Submitted (APR-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT SER-139. Tissue: Adipose tissue.
[4]	"Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification." Taylor T.D., Noguchi H., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Kuroki Y., Dewar K., Lloyd C., Itoh T., Takeda T., Kim D.-W., She X., Barlow K.F., Bloom T., Bruford E., Chang J.L., Cuomo C.A., Eichler E., FitzGerald M.G. , Jaffe D.B., LaButti K., Nicol R., Park H.-S., Seaman C., Sougnez C., Yang X., Zimmer A.R., Zody M.C., Birren B.W., Nusbaum C., Fujiyama A., Hattori M., Rogers J., Lander E.S., Sakaki Y. Nature 440:497-500(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), VARIANTS VAL-53 AND GLY-209. Tissue: Brain and Lung.
[7]	"Proteasomal ATPase-associated factor 1 negatively regulates proteasome activity by interacting with proteasomal ATPases." Park Y., Hwang Y.-P., Lee J.-S., Seo S.-H., Yoon S.K., Yoon J.-B. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:3842-3853(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INTERACTION WITH PSMC1; PSMC2; PSMC3; PSMC4; PSMC5 AND PSMC6, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[8]	"Mass spectrometric characterization of the affinity-purified human 26S proteasome complex." Wang X., Chen C.-F., Baker P.R., Chen P.-L., Kaiser P., Huang L. Biochemistry 46:3553-3565(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. Tissue: Embryonic kidney.
[9]	"The proteasome regulates HIV-1 transcription by both proteolytic and nonproteolytic mechanisms." Lassot I., Latreille D., Rousset E., Sourisseau M., Linares L.K., Chable-Bessia C., Coux O., Benkirane M., Kiernan R.E. Mol. Cell 25:369-383(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH HIV-1 TAT.
[10]	"Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF087895 mRNA. Translation: AAP97194.1. AK021910 mRNA. Translation: BAB13933.1. AK222501 mRNA. Translation: BAD96221.1. AK298258 mRNA. Translation: BAG60522.1. AK316394 mRNA. Translation: BAH14765.1. AP002770 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471076 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW74917.1. BC006142 mRNA. Translation: AAH06142.2. BC021541 mRNA. Translation: AAH21541.1. BC028628 mRNA. Translation: AAH28628.1.
IPI	IPI00743862. IPI00867542. IPI01009790.
RefSeq	NP_001254732.1. NM_001267803.1. NP_001254733.1. NM_001267804.1. NP_001254734.1. NM_001267805.1. NP_001254735.1. NM_001267806.1. NP_079431.1. NM_025155.2.
UniGene	Hs.525017.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q9BRP4.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q9BRP4. 3 interactions.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000311665.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q9BRP4.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	97217547.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q9BRP4.
PRIDE	Q9BRP4.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	80227.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000310571; ENSP00000311665; ENSG00000175575. ENST00000376384; ENSP00000365564; ENSG00000175575. ENST00000535604; ENSP00000438789; ENSG00000175575. ENST00000536003; ENSP00000438124; ENSG00000175575. ENST00000541951; ENSP00000441333; ENSG00000175575. ENST00000544552; ENSP00000441494; ENSG00000175575.
GeneID	80227.
KEGG	hsa:80227.
UCSC	uc001ouk.1. human. uc001oul.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	80227.
GeneCards	GC11P073588.
H-InvDB	HIX0009924.
HGNC	HGNC:25687. PAAF1.
HPA	HPA039952.
neXtProt	NX_Q9BRP4.
PharmGKB	PA162398551.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG2319.
HOVERGEN	HBG056033.
InParanoid	Q9BRP4.
KO	K11887.
OMA	HPPGKPS.
OrthoDB	EOG41VK31.
PhylomeDB	Q9BRP4.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9BRP4.
Bgee	Q9BRP4.
CleanEx	HS_PAAF1.
Genevestigator	Q9BRP4.
GermOnline	ENSG00000175575. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	2.130.10.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR020472. G-protein_beta_WD-40_rep. IPR015943. WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom. IPR001680. WD40_repeat. IPR019775. WD40_repeat_CS. IPR017986. WD40_repeat_dom. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00400. WD40. 3 hits. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00320. GPROTEINBRPT.
SMART	SM00320. WD40. 6 hits. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF50978. WD40_like. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00678. WD_REPEATS_1. 1 hit. PS50082. WD_REPEATS_2. 3 hits. PS50294. WD_REPEATS_REGION. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	80227.
NextBio	70653.

Entry information

Entry name

PAAF1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9BRP4
Secondary accession number(s): A6NDR5 , B4DPB0, B7ZAS9, Q4G165, Q53HS9, Q7Z500, Q8TBU6, Q9HAB6

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 16, 2006
Last sequence update:	May 16, 2006
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 101 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.