Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q99523 (SORT_HUMAN)
Last modified
July 7, 2009.
Version 85.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (6) |
Third-party data |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Sortilin Alternative name(s): Neurotensin receptor 3 Short name=NTR3 Short name=NT3 Glycoprotein 95 Short name=Gp95 100 kDa NT receptor | ||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 831 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Functions as a sorting receptor in the Golgi compartment and as a clearance receptor on the cell surface. Required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosomes by a pathway that is independent of the mannose-6-phosphate receptor (M6PR). Also required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endosomes. Promotes neuronal apoptosis by mediating endocytosis of the proapoptotic precursor forms of BDNF (proBDNF) and NGFB (proNGFB). Also acts as a receptor for neurotensin. May promote mineralization of the extracellular matrix during osteogenic differentiation by scavenging extracellular LPL. Probably required in adipocytes for the formation of specialized storage vesicles containing the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 (GLUT4 storage vesicles, or GSVs). These vesicles provide a stable pool of SLC2A4 and confer increased responsiveness to insulin. May also mediate transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi. Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.12 Ref.14 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.19 Ref.20 Ref.21 |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with LPL and SLC2A4 By similarity. Interacts with the cytosolic adapter proteins GGA1 and GGA2. Interacts with numerous ligands including the receptor-associated protein LRPAP1/RAP, GM2A and PSAP. Forms a complex with NGFR which binds specifically to the precursor forms of NGFB (proNGFB) and BDNF (proBDNF). |
| Subcellular location | Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Potential. Endosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Potential. Golgi apparatus › Golgi stack membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Potential. Lysosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Potential. Nucleus membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Potential. Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein; Extracellular side. Lysosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Potential. Note: Localized to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, endosomes, Golgi stack, lysosomes and nucleus. A small fraction of the protein is also localized to the plasma membrane. May also be found in SLC2A4/GLUT4 storage vesicles (GSVs) in adipocytes. Localization to the plasma membrane in adipocytes may be enhanced by insulin. |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed at high levels in brain, spinal cord, heart, skeletal muscle, thyroid, placenta and testis. Expressed at lower levels in lymphoid organs, kidney, colon and liver. Ref.1 |
| Induction | During osteoblast differentiation. Ref.12 |
| Domain | The N-terminal propeptide may facilitate precursor transport within the Golgi stack. Intrachain binding of the N-terminal propeptide and the extracellular domain may also inhibit premature ligand binding. Ref.11 The extracellular domain may be shed following protease cleavage in some cell types. Ref.11 |
| Post-translational modification | The N-terminal propeptide is cleaved by furin and possibly other homologous proteases. Ref.11 Ref.6 Contains 8 intrachain disulfide bonds. |
| Sequence similarities | Contains 9 BNR repeats. |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal peptide | 1 – 33 | 33 | Potential | ||||||||
| Propeptide | 34 – 77 | 44 | Removed in mature form Ref.5 | PRO_0000033162 | |||||||
| Chain | 78 – 831 | 754 | Sortilin | PRO_0000033163 | |||||||
Regions | |||||||||||
| Topological domain | 78 – 755 | 678 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 756 – 778 | 23 | Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 779 – 831 | 53 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
| Repeat | 145 – 156 | 12 | BNR 1 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 198 – 209 | 12 | BNR 2 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 240 – 251 | 12 | BNR 3 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 287 – 298 | 12 | BNR 4 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 328 – 339 | 12 | BNR 5 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 377 – 388 | 12 | BNR 6 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 428 – 439 | 12 | BNR 7 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 506 – 517 | 12 | BNR 8 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 548 – 559 | 12 | BNR 9 | ||||||||
| Region | 50 – 61 | 12 | Intrachain binding of the propeptide and the extracellular domain | ||||||||
| Region | 612 – 756 | 145 | Interactions with LRPAP1 and NGFB | ||||||||
| Region | 779 – 831 | 53 | Golgi to endosome transport and interactions with GGA1 and GGA2 | ||||||||
| Motif | 787 – 792 | 6 | Endocytosis signal Probable | ||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||
| Modified residue | 825 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.23 | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 98 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Probable | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 162 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.22 | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 163 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 274 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 406 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 582 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 684 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 86 ↔ 556 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 257 ↔ 277 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 448 ↔ 458 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 612 ↔ 651 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 634 ↔ 666 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 668 ↔ 723 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 675 ↔ 688 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 702 ↔ 740 | Ref.18 | |||||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||||
| Natural variant | 358 | 1 | D → Y: dbSNP rs2228605. | VAR_053681 | |||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 74 – 77 | 4 | RWRR → GWRA: Abrogates propeptide cleavage. Ref.6 | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 76 – 77 | 2 | RR → GG: Abrogates propeptide cleavage. | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 792 | 1 | Y → A: Reduces endocytosis and Golgi to endosome sorting; when associated with A-795. Ref.9 | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 795 | 1 | L → A: Reduces endocytosis and Golgi to endosome sorting; when associated with A-792. Ref.9 | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 823 – 824 | 2 | DD → NN: Reduces interaction with GGA1. | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 825 | 1 | S → A: Reduces interaction with GGA1. Ref.10 | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 826 – 828 | 3 | DED → NQN: Abrogates interaction with GGA1 and impairs localization to the Golgi. Ref.10 | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 829 – 830 | 2 | LL → AA: Abrogates interaction with GGA1 and impairs localization to the Golgi. | ||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 829 – 830 | 2 | Missing: Abrogates interaction with GGA2. Reduces endocytosis and Golgi to endosome sorting; when associated with A-792 and A-795. | ||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 650 | 1 | V → M in CAA66904. Ref.1 | ||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Molecular identification of a novel candidate sorting receptor purified from human brain by receptor-associated protein affinity chromatography." Petersen C.M., Nielsen M.S., Nykjaer A., Jacobsen L., Tommerup N., Rasmussen H.H., Roeigaard H., Gliemann J., Madsen P., Moestrup S.K. J. Biol. Chem. 272:3599-3605(1997) [PubMed: 9013611] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, INTERACTION WITH LRPAP1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, GLYCOSYLATION. Tissue: T-cell. |
| [2] | Madsen P. Submitted (AUG-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION. |
| [3] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Muscle. |
| [5] | "The 100-kDa neurotensin receptor is gp95/sortilin, a non-G-protein-coupled receptor." Mazella J., Zsurger N., Navarro V., Chabry J., Kaghad M., Caput D., Ferrara P., Vita M., Gully D., Maffrand J.-P., Vincent J.-P. J. Biol. Chem. 273:26273-26276(1998) [PubMed: 9756851] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 78-100, IDENTIFICATION AS A NEUROTENSIN RECEPTOR. Tissue: Brain. |
| [6] | "Propeptide cleavage conditions sortilin/neurotensin receptor-3 for ligand binding." Petersen C.M., Nielsen M.S., Jacobsen C., Tauris J., Jacobsen L., Gliemann J., Moestrup S.K., Madsen P. EMBO J. 18:595-604(1999) [PubMed: 9927419] [Abstract] Cited for: PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, INTERACTION WITH LRPAP1, MUTAGENESIS OF 74-ARG--ARG-77 AND 76-ARG-ARG-77, CLEAVAGE BY FURIN, GLYCOSYLATION. |
| [7] | "The carboxy-terminal domain of the receptor-associated protein binds to the Vps10p domain of sortilin." Tauris J., Ellgaard L., Jacobsen C., Nielsen M.S., Madsen P., Thoegersen H.C., Gliemann J., Petersen C.M., Moestrup S.K. FEBS Lett. 429:27-30(1998) [PubMed: 9657377] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH LRPAP1. |
| [8] | "Sortilin/neurotensin receptor-3 binds and mediates degradation of lipoprotein lipase." Nielsen M.S., Jacobsen C., Olivecrona G., Gliemann J., Petersen C.M. J. Biol. Chem. 274:8832-8836(1999) [PubMed: 10085125] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [9] | "The sortilin cytoplasmic tail conveys Golgi-endosome transport and binds the VHS domain of the GGA2 sorting protein." Nielsen M.S., Madsen P., Christensen E.I., Nykjaer A., Gliemann J., Kasper D., Pohlmann R., Petersen C.M. EMBO J. 20:2180-2190(2001) [PubMed: 11331584] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH GGA2, MUTAGENESIS OF TYR-792; LEU-795 AND 829-LEU-LEU-830. |
| [10] | "Golgi-localizing, gamma-adaptin ear homology domain, ADP-ribosylation factor-binding (GGA) proteins interact with acidic dileucine sequences within the cytoplasmic domains of sorting receptors through their Vps27p/Hrs/STAM (VHS) domains." Takatsu H., Katoh Y., Shiba Y., Nakayama K. J. Biol. Chem. 276:28541-28545(2001) [PubMed: 11390366] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH GGA1 AND GGA2, MUTAGENESIS OF 823-ASP-ASP-824; SER-825; 826-ASP--ASP-828 AND 829-LEU-LEU-830. |
| [11] | "Shedding of the luminal domain of the neurotensin receptor-3/sortilin in the HT29 cell line." Navarro V., Vincent J.-P., Mazella J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 298:760-764(2002) [PubMed: 12419319] [Abstract] Cited for: CLEAVAGE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN. |
| [12] | "Sortilin is upregulated during osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and promotes extracellular matrix mineralization." Maeda S., Nobukuni T., Shimo-Onoda K., Hayashi K., Yone K., Komiya S., Inoue I. J. Cell. Physiol. 193:73-79(2002) [PubMed: 12209882] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INDUCTION. |
| [13] | "Structural basis for recognition of acidic-cluster dileucine sequence by GGA1." Shiba T., Takatsu H., Nogi T., Matsugaki N., Kawasaki M., Igarashi N., Suzuki M., Kato R., Earnest T., Nakayama K., Wakatsuki S. Nature 415:937-941(2002) [PubMed: 11859376] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH GGA1. |
| [14] | "The lysosomal trafficking of sphingolipid activator proteins (SAPs) is mediated by sortilin." Lefrancois S., Zeng J., Hassan A.J., Canuel M., Morales C.R. EMBO J. 22:6430-6437(2003) [PubMed: 14657016] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH GM2A AND PSAP, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [15] | Erratum Lefrancois S., Zeng J., Hassan A.J., Canuel M., Morales C.R. EMBO J. 23:1680-1680(2004) |
| [16] | "Involvement of the neurotensin receptor-3 in the neurotensin-induced migration of human microglia." Martin S., Vincent J.-P., Mazella J. J. Neurosci. 23:1198-1205(2003) [PubMed: 12598608] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [17] | "Internalization and trafficking of neurotensin via NTS3 receptors in HT29 cells." Morinville A., Martin S., Lavallee M., Vincent J.-P., Beaudet A., Mazella J. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 36:2153-2168(2004) [PubMed: 15313463] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [18] | "Functional organization of the sortilin Vps10p domain." Westergaard U.B., Soerensen E.S., Hermey G., Nielsen M.S., Nykjaer A., Kirkegaard K., Jacobsen C., Gliemann J., Madsen P., Petersen C.M. J. Biol. Chem. 279:50221-50229(2004) [PubMed: 15364913] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH LRPAP1 AND NGFB, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MASS SPECTROMETRY, DISULFIDE BONDS. |
| [19] | "Sortilin is essential for proNGF-induced neuronal cell death." Nykjaer A., Lee R., Teng K.K., Jansen P., Madsen P., Nielsen M.S., Jacobsen C., Kliemannel M., Schwarz E., Willnow T.E., Hempstead B.L., Petersen C.M. Nature 427:843-848(2004) [PubMed: 14985763] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH NGFB AND NGFR. |
| [20] | "ProBDNF induces neuronal apoptosis via activation of a receptor complex of p75NTR and sortilin." Teng H.K., Teng K.K., Lee R., Wright S., Tevar S., Almeida R.D., Kermani P., Torkin R., Chen Z.-Y., Lee F.S., Kraemer R.T., Nykjaer A., Hempstead B.L. J. Neurosci. 25:5455-5463(2005) [PubMed: 15930396] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [21] | "Sortilin controls intracellular sorting of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to the regulated secretory pathway." Chen Z.-Y., Ieraci A., Teng H., Dall H., Meng C.-X., Herrera D.G., Nykjaer A., Hempstead B.L., Lee F.S. J. Neurosci. 25:6156-6166(2005) [PubMed: 15987945] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH BDNF. |
| [22] | "Elucidation of N-glycosylation sites on human platelet proteins: a glycoproteomic approach." Lewandrowski U., Moebius J., Walter U., Sickmann A. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 5:226-233(2006) [PubMed: 16263699] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ASN-162, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Platelet. |
| [23] | "Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets." Zahedi R.P., Lewandrowski U., Wiesner J., Wortelkamp S., Moebius J., Schuetz C., Walter U., Gambaryan S., Sickmann A. J. Proteome Res. 7:526-534(2008) [PubMed: 18088087] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-825, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Platelet. |
| [24] | Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L. Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [25] | "Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins." Wollscheid B., Bausch-Fluck D., Henderson C., O'Brien R., Bibel M., Schiess R., Aebersold R., Watts J.D. Nat. Biotechnol. 27:378-386(2009) [PubMed: 19349973] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ASN-162 AND ASN-163, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X98248 mRNA. Translation: CAA66904.2. AL390252 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI13180.1. BC023542 mRNA. Translation: AAH23542.1. | |||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00217882. | ||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_002950.3. | ||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.485195 Hs.703487 | ||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||
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| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||
| IntAct | Q99523. 1 interaction. | ||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | Q99523. | ||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||
| PRIDE | Q99523. | ||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000134243. Homo sapiens. [Contig view] | ||||||||||||
| GeneID | 6272. | ||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:6272. | ||||||||||||
| NMPDR | fig|9606.3.peg.1632. | ||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc001dxm.1. human. | ||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC01M109653. | ||||||||||||
| H-InvDB | HIX0000847. | ||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:11186. SORT1. | ||||||||||||
| HPA | HPA006889. | ||||||||||||
| MIM | 602458. gene. | ||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA36023. | ||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | Q99523. | ||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | Q99523. | ||||||||||||
| OMA | Q99523. LTQMMYS. | ||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | p75ntrpathway. p75(NTR)-mediated signaling. | ||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | Q99523. | ||||||||||||
| Bgee | Q99523. | ||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_SORT1. | ||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000134243. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR006581. VPS10. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| SMART | SM00602. VPS10. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||
Other Resources | |||||||||||||
| NextBio | 24343. | ||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | SORT_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q99523 Secondary accession number(s): Q8IZ49 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with


