Q96PN6 (ADCYA_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 93.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Adenylate cyclase type 10 EC=4.6.1.1 Alternative name(s): AH-related protein Adenylate cyclase homolog Germ cell soluble adenylyl cyclase Short name=hsAC Short name=sAC Testicular soluble adenylyl cyclase | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1610 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Soluble adenylyl cyclase that has a critical role in mammalian spermatogenesis. Produces the cAMP which mediates in part the cAMP-responsive nuclear factors indispensable for maturation of sperm in the epididymis. Induces capacitation, the maturational process that sperm undergo prior to fertilization. May be the bicarbonate sensor. Involved in ciliary beat regulation. Ref.11 Ref.12 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate. |
| Cofactor | Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit By similarity. |
| Enzyme regulation | Activated by manganese or magnesium ions. In the presence of magnesium ions, the enzyme is activated by bicarbonate while in the presence of manganese ions, the enzyme is inhibited by bicarbonate. In the absence of magnesium and bicarbonate, the enzyme is weakly activated by calcium. Ref.11 |
| Subcellular location | Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton. Cytoplasm › perinuclear region. Note: Distributed to subcellular compartments containing cAMP targets. Found as a plasma membrane-associated protein, protein concentrated in the perinuclear region and protein colocalized with actin or tubulin. Ref.10 Ref.11 |
| Tissue specificity | Weakly expressed in multiple tissues. Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, peripheral blood leukocytes, placenta, skeletal muscle, stomach, thymus, airway epithelial cells, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Very low level of expression in bone. Ref.2 Ref.11 Ref.12 |
| Post-translational modification | Cleavage may occur to generate the active 48 kDa form. |
| Involvement in disease | Hypercalciuria absorptive 2 (HCA2) [MIM:143870]: A common type of hypercalciuria, a condition characterized by excessive urinary calcium excretion. Absorptive hypercalciuria is due to gastrointestinal hyperabsorption of calcium and is a frequent cause of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family. Contains 2 guanylate cyclase domains. |
| Biophysicochemical properties | Kinetic parameters: KM=0.8 mM for ATP-Mn2+ Ref.3 KM=2.41 mM for Mg2+ |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q96PN6-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q96PN6-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-97: MNTPKEEFQD...IFGGDILKFA → MSLSE | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q96PN6-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-1099: Missing. 1100-1103: DNYM → MLFK 1430-1471: YARLQEWDNF...GISRYMEGQV → ECEAGVGRRL...ELKIFCQEEP 1472-1610: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: Q96PN6-4) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-153: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1610 | 1610 | Adenylate cyclase type 10 | PRO_0000317101 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 42 – 179 | 138 | Guanylate cyclase 1 | ||||||
| Domain | 293 – 418 | 126 | Guanylate cyclase 2 | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Metal binding | 47 | 1 | Magnesium 1 By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 47 | 1 | Magnesium 2 By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 48 | 1 | Magnesium 2; via carbonyl oxygen By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 99 | 1 | Magnesium 1 By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 99 | 1 | Magnesium 2 By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 1099 | 1099 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_030866 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 153 | 153 | Missing in isoform 4. | VSP_046329 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 97 | 97 | MNTPK…ILKFA → MSLSE in isoform 2. | VSP_030867 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1100 – 1103 | 4 | DNYM → MLFK in isoform 3. | VSP_030868 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1430 – 1471 | 42 | YARLQ…MEGQV → ECEAGVGRRLHTSRDPGMPD FRNGTTFTNFPIELKIFCQE EP in isoform 3. | VSP_030869 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1472 – 1610 | 139 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_030870 | |||||
| Natural variant | 234 | 1 | T → M. Corresponds to variant rs16859886 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_038476 | |||||
| Natural variant | 697 | 1 | I → V. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Corresponds to variant rs2071921 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_038477 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 942 | 1 | L → P in BAG64062. Ref.6 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1359 | 1 | L → P in AAK96045. Ref.4 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Identification and functional analysis of splice variants of the germ cell soluble adenylyl cyclase." Jaiswal B.S., Conti M. J. Biol. Chem. 276:31698-31708(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT VAL-697. |
| [2] | "Identification and characterization of a gene with base substitutions associated with the absorptive hypercalciuria phenotype and low spinal bone density." Reed B.Y., Gitomer W.L., Heller H.J., Hsu M.C., Lemke M., Padalino P., Pak C.Y.C. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87:1476-1485(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INVOLVEMENT IN HCA2, VARIANT VAL-697. Tissue: Intestine. |
| [3] | "Kinetic properties of 'soluble' adenylyl cyclase. Synergism between calcium and bicarbonate." Litvin T.N., Kamenetsky M., Zarifyan A., Buck J., Levin L.R. J. Biol. Chem. 278:15922-15926(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, VARIANT VAL-697. |
| [4] | "Cloning of a human testicular soluble adenylyl cyclase." Khole V.V., Westbrook V.A., Mandal A., Herr J.C., Visconti P.E. Submitted (AUG-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [5] | Rhodes S. Submitted (JAN-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3). |
| [6] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 4). Tissue: Testis. |
| [7] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [9] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [10] | "Compartmentalization of bicarbonate-sensitive adenylyl cyclase in distinct signaling microdomains." Zippin J.H., Chen Y., Nahirney P., Kamenetsky M., Wuttke M.S., Fischman D.A., Levin L.R., Buck J. FASEB J. 17:82-84(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [11] | "Cloning and characterization of the human soluble adenylyl cyclase." Geng W., Wang Z., Zhang J., Reed B.Y., Pak C.Y.C., Moe O.W. Am. J. Physiol. 288:C1305-C1316(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, ENZYME REGULATION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, FUNCTION. |
| [12] | "Soluble adenylyl cyclase is localized to cilia and contributes to ciliary beat frequency regulation via production of cAMP." Schmid A., Sutto Z., Nlend M.-C., Horvath G., Schmid N., Buck J., Levin L.R., Conner G.E., Fregien N., Salathe M. J. Gen. Physiol. 130:99-109(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF271058 mRNA. Translation: AAF74296.1. AF331033 mRNA. Translation: AAL57036.1. AF176813 mRNA. Translation: AAF65931.1. AF299350 mRNA. Translation: AAK96045.1. AL035122 mRNA. Translation: CAA22684.1. AK302884 mRNA. Translation: BAG64062.1. Z97876, Z99943 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI20073.1. Z97876, Z99943 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI20074.1. Z99943, Z97876 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI20146.1. Z99943, Z97876 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI20147.1. CH471067 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW90804.1. CH471067 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW90807.1. BC117366 mRNA. Translation: AAI17367.1. BC117372 mRNA. Translation: AAI17373.1. |
| IPI | IPI00514661. IPI00641214. IPI00742726. |
| RefSeq | NP_001161221.1. NM_001167749.1. NP_060887.2. NM_018417.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.320892. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q96PN6. |
| SMR | Q96PN6. Positions 43-219, 1134-1162. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000356825. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q96PN6. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 308153637. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q96PN6. |
| PRIDE | Q96PN6. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000367848; ENSP00000356822; ENSG00000143199. ENST00000367851; ENSP00000356825; ENSG00000143199. ENST00000545172; ENSP00000441992; ENSG00000143199. |
| GeneID | 55811. |
| KEGG | hsa:55811. |
| UCSC | uc001ger.3. human. uc009wvk.3. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 55811. |
| GeneCards | GC01M167778. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0200024. |
| HGNC | HGNC:21285. ADCY10. |
| HPA | HPA015243. HPA017749. |
| MIM | 143870. phenotype. 605205. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q96PN6. |
| Orphanet | 2197. Idiopathic hypercalciuria. |
| PharmGKB | PA162375618. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | COG2114. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000060149. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG103835. |
| InParanoid | Q96PN6. |
| KO | K11265. |
| OMA | EGSCGIP. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4V6ZFR. |
| PhylomeDB | Q96PN6. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q96PN6. |
| Bgee | Q96PN6. |
| CleanEx | HS_ADCY10. |
| Genevestigator | Q96PN6. |
Family and domain databases | |
| Gene3D | 1.25.40.10. 1 hit. 3.30.70.1230. 2 hits. |
| InterPro | IPR001054. A/G_cyclase. IPR016577. Adenylate_cylcase_typ10. IPR011990. TPR-like_helical. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00211. Guanylate_cyc. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| PIRSF | PIRSF011131. Soluble_adenylyl_cyclase. 1 hit. |
| SMART | SM00044. CYCc. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF55073. A/G_cyclase. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00452. GUANYLATE_CYCLASE_1. False negative. PS50125. GUANYLATE_CYCLASE_2. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | Q96PN6. |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL5854. |
| GenomeRNAi | 55811. |
| NextBio | 60977. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | ADCYA_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q96PN6 Secondary accession number(s): B4DZF0 Q9NNX0 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
