Q96NZ9 (PRAP1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Proline-rich acidic protein 1

Alternative name(s):
Epididymis tissue protein Li 178
Uterine-specific proline-rich acidic protein

Gene names

Name:	PRAP1
Synonyms:	UPA
ORF Names:	UNQ608/PRO1195

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	151 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	May play an important role in maintaining normal growth homeostasis in epithelial cells. Ref.1
Subcellular location	Secreted Ref.1.
Tissue specificity	Abundantly expressed in the epithelial cells of the liver, kidney, gastrointestinal tract and cervix. Significantly down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and right colon adenocarcinoma compared with the respective adjacent normal tissues. Expressed in epididymis (at protein level). Ref.1 Ref.2
Induction	Up-regulated by butyrate, trichostatin A and 5'-aza-2' deoxycytidine. Ref.1
Sequence caution	The sequence AAP97247.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 81 and 86.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular_component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q96NZ9-1)

Also known as: PRAP;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q96NZ9-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     79-87: Missing.
     95-151: TEDTLGHVLSPEPDHDSLYHPPPEEDQGEERPRLWVMPNHQVLLGPEEDQDHIYHPQ → SRARP

Isoform 3 (identifier: Q96NZ9-3)

Also known as: PRAPV1;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     43-43: K → NR

Isoform 4 (identifier: Q96NZ9-4)

Also known as: PRAPV2;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     79-87: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 20	20	Potential
	Chain	21 – 151	131	Proline-rich acidic protein 1		PRO_0000299416
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	43	1	K → NR in isoform 3.		VSP_027660
	Alternative sequence	79 – 87	9	Missing in isoform 2 and isoform 4.		VSP_027661
	Alternative sequence	95 – 151	57	TEDTL…IYHPQ → SRARP in isoform 2.		VSP_027662
	Natural variant	54	1	E → G in PRAPV3. Ref.1		VAR_034815
	Natural variant	69	1	K → R in PRAPV4. Ref.1		VAR_034816
	Natural variant	81	1	G → S. Corresponds to variant rs34780987 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_034817
	Natural variant	101	1	H → R. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.7 Corresponds to variant rs4369319 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_034818

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (PRAP) [UniParc]. Last modified January 11, 2011. Version 2. Checksum: B751EDBFD24D08CA	FASTA	151	17,208
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRRLLLVTSL VVVLLWEAGA VPAPKVPIKM QVKHWPSEQD PEKAWGARVV EPPEKDDQLV 70 80 90 100 110 120 VLFPVQKPKL LTTEEKPRGQ GRGPILPGTK AWMETEDTLG HVLSPEPDHD SLYHPPPEED 130 140 150 QGEERPRLWV MPNHQVLLGP EEDQDHIYHP Q
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: E8C3C22D12F8E9CC	FASTA	90	10,259
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRRLLLVTSL VVVLLWEAGA VPAPKVPIKM QVKHWPSEQD PEKAWGARVV EPPEKDDQLV 70 80 90 VLFPVQKPKL LTTEEKPRGT KAWMESRARP
	Isoform 3 (PRAPV1) [UniParc]. Checksum: 026C7D3AE8C988E1	FASTA	152	17,350
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRRLLLVTSL VVVLLWEAGA VPAPKVPIKM QVKHWPSEQD PENRAWGARV VEPPEKDDQL 70 80 90 100 110 120 VVLFPVQKPK LLTTEEKPRG QGRGPILPGT KAWMETEDTL GHVLSPEPDH DSLYHPPPEE 130 140 150 DQGEERPRLW VMPNHQVLLG PEEDQDHIYH PQ
	Isoform 4 (PRAPV2) [UniParc]. Checksum: 149282D65B6346E6	FASTA	142	16,332
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRRLLLVTSL VVVLLWEAGA VPAPKVPIKM QVKHWPSEQD PEKAWGARVV EPPEKDDQLV 70 80 90 100 110 120 VLFPVQKPKL LTTEEKPRGT KAWMETEDTL GHVLSPEPDH DSLYHPPPEE DQGEERPRLW 130 140 VMPNHQVLLG PEEDQDHIYH PQ

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The proline-rich acidic protein is epigenetically regulated and inhibits growth of cancer cell lines." Zhang J., Wong H., Ramanan S., Cheong D., Leong A., Hooi S.C. Cancer Res. 63:6658-6665(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 4), FUNCTION, INDUCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, VARIANTS GLY-54; ARG-69 AND ARG-101.
[2]	"Systematic mapping and functional analysis of a family of human epididymal secretory sperm-located proteins." Li J., Liu F., Wang H., Liu X., Liu J., Li N., Wan F., Wang W., Zhang C., Jin S., Liu J., Zhu P., Liu Y. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 9:2517-2528(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ARG-101, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Epididymis.
[3]	"A novel human cDNA homologous to Mus musculus uterine-specific proline-rich acidic protein mRNA." Zheng L.H., Yu L., Zhao S.Y. Submitted (JAN-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ARG-101.
[4]	"The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment." Clark H.F., Gurney A.L., Abaya E., Baker K., Baldwin D.T., Brush J., Chen J., Chow B., Chui C., Crowley C., Currell B., Deuel B., Dowd P., Eaton D., Foster J.S., Grimaldi C., Gu Q., Hass P.E. , Heldens S., Huang A., Kim H.S., Klimowski L., Jin Y., Johnson S., Lee J., Lewis L., Liao D., Mark M.R., Robbie E., Sanchez C., Schoenfeld J., Seshagiri S., Simmons L., Singh J., Smith V., Stinson J., Vagts A., Vandlen R.L., Watanabe C., Wieand D., Woods K., Xie M.-H., Yansura D.G., Yi S., Yu G., Yuan J., Zhang M., Zhang Z., Goddard A.D., Wood W.I., Godowski P.J., Gray A.M. Genome Res. 13:2265-2270(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ARG-101.
[5]	"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10." Deloukas P., Earthrowl M.E., Grafham D.V., Rubenfield M., French L., Steward C.A., Sims S.K., Jones M.C., Searle S., Scott C., Howe K., Hunt S.E., Andrews T.D., Gilbert J.G.R., Swarbreck D., Ashurst J.L., Taylor A., Battles J. , Bird C.P., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ashwell R.I.S., Ambrose K.D., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Bates K., Beasley H., Bray-Allen S., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Cahill P., Camire D., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Corby N., Coulson A., Dhami P., Dutta I., Dunn M., Faulkner L., Frankish A., Frankland J.A., Garner P., Garnett J., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Grocock R., Gustafson E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E., Heath P.D., Ho T.P., Hopkins B., Horne J., Howden P.J., Huckle E., Hynds C., Johnson C., Johnson D., Kana A., Kay M., Kimberley A.M., Kershaw J.K., Kokkinaki M., Laird G.K., Lawlor S., Lee H.M., Leongamornlert D.A., Laird G., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., McLaren S., McLay K.E., McMurray A., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Milne S., Nickerson T., Nguyen M., Overton-Larty E., Palmer S.A., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phillimore B., Porter K., Rice C.M., Rogosin A., Ross M.T., Sarafidou T., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Standring L., Sycamore N., Tester J., Thorpe A., Torcasso W., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tsolas J., Wall M., Walsh J., Wang H., Weinstock K., West A.P., Willey D.L., Whitehead S.L., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Young L., Chen Y., Lovering R.C., Moschonas N.K., Siebert R., Fechtel K., Bentley D., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Doucette-Stamm L., Beck S., Smith D.R., Rogers J. Nature 429:375-381(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ARG-101.
[6]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[7]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 4), NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 4-151 (ISOFORM 3), VARIANT ARG-101. Tissue: Liver and Pancreas.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF421885 mRNA. Translation: AAL16670.1. AY158074 mRNA. Translation: AAN87018.1. AF123768 mRNA. Translation: AAP97247.1. Frameshift. AY358908 mRNA. Translation: AAQ89267.1. GU727628 mRNA. Translation: ADU87630.1. AL360181 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH70283.1. CH471211 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW61336.1. BC029447 mRNA. Translation: AAH29447.2. BC061643 mRNA. Translation: AAH61643.1. BC071872 mRNA. Translation: AAH71872.1. BC093853 mRNA. Translation: AAH93853.1. BC101743 mRNA. Translation: AAI01744.1. BC143590 mRNA. Translation: AAI43591.1. BC143592 mRNA. Translation: AAI43593.1. BC143591 mRNA. Translation: AAI43592.1.
IPI	IPI00465255. IPI00855875. IPI00855900. IPI00855928.
RefSeq	NP_001138673.1. NM_001145201.1. NP_660203.3. NM_145202.4.
UniGene	Hs.15951.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q96NZ9.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q96NZ9. 1 interaction.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000416126.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	74752065.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q96NZ9.
PRIDE	Q96NZ9.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	118471.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000423766; ENSP00000409495; ENSG00000165828. ENST00000433452; ENSP00000416126; ENSG00000165828. ENST00000458230; ENSP00000402700; ENSG00000165828.
GeneID	118471.
KEGG	hsa:118471.
UCSC	uc001lmp.2. human. uc001lmq.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	118471.
GeneCards	GC10P135160.
HGNC	HGNC:23304. PRAP1.
HPA	HPA038713.
MIM	609776. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q96NZ9.
PharmGKB	PA134981678.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG45245.
HOVERGEN	HBG099538.
InParanoid	Q96NZ9.
OrthoDB	EOG43JC65.
PhylomeDB	Q96NZ9.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q96NZ9.
Bgee	Q96NZ9.
CleanEx	HS_PRAP1.
Genevestigator	Q96NZ9.
Family and domain databases
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	118471.
NextBio	80300.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PRAP1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q96NZ9
Secondary accession number(s): B7ZL57 , B7ZL58, E9KL31, Q5VWY4, Q7Z4X5, Q8IWR3, Q8NCS2

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	September 11, 2007
Last sequence update:	January 11, 2011
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 75 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.