Q96J94 (PIWL1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 84.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Piwi-like protein 1 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 861 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and prevent their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity. Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and govern the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons. Directly binds methylated piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements. Besides their function in transposable elements repression, piRNAs are probably involved in other processes during meiosis such as translation regulation. Probable component of some RISC complex, which mediates RNA cleavage and translational silencing. Also plays a role in the formation of chromatoid bodies and is required for some miRNAs stability By similarity. Isoform 3 may be a negative developmental regulator. Ref.2 Ref.8 Ref.9 |
| Subunit structure | Interacts (via Piwi domain) with DICER1, suggesting that it forms ribonucleoprotein RISC complexes. This interaction is regulated by HSP90AB1 activity. Interacts with MAEL, KIF17, PABPC1, PRMT5 and WDR77. Interacts (when methylated on arginine residues) with TDRD1, TDRKH/TDRD2, RNF17/TDRD4, TDRD6, TDRD7 and TDRD9 By similarity. Ref.8 |
| Subcellular location | Cytoplasm By similarity. Note: Component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon during meiosis. Also present in chromatoid body By similarity. |
| Tissue specificity | Detected in most fetal and adult tissues. Expressed in testes, specifically in germline cells; detected in spermatocytes and spermatids during spermatogenesis. Increased expression in testicular tumors originating from embryonic germ cells with retention of germ cells phenotype. No expression in testicular tumors of somatic origin, such as Sertoli cell and Leydig cell tumors. Overexpressed in gastric cancer cells. Isoform 3 is ubiquitously expressed, and specifically in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells but not in more differentiated cells. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.7 |
| Induction | Isoform 3 is down-regulated in CD34+ hematopoietic cells during differentiation. Ref.1 |
| Domain | The PAZ domain specifically recognizes binds the 2'-O-methylated 3'-end of piRNAs. Ref.10 |
| Post-translational modification | Arginine methylation by PRMT5 is required for the interaction with Tudor domain-containing protein (TDRD1, TDRKH/TDRD2, RNF17/TDRD4, TDRD6, TDRD7 and TDRD9) and subsequent localization to the meiotic nuage, also named P granule By similarity. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the argonaute family. Piwi subfamily. Contains 1 PAZ domain. Contains 1 Piwi domain. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DICER1 | Q9UPY3 | 2 | EBI-527417,EBI-395506 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q96J94-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q96J94-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 824-829: GVIRVP → VSASTC 830-861: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q96J94-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-86: Missing. 87-89: HDL → MIF |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 861 | 861 | Piwi-like protein 1 | PRO_0000234567 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 277 – 391 | 115 | PAZ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 555 – 847 | 293 | Piwi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Region | 316 – 318 | 3 | Required for binding 2'-O-methylated 3'-end of piRNAs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Region | 540 – 677 | 138 | RNA-binding By similarity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sites | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Site | 381 | 1 | Required for binding 2'-O-methylated 3'-end of piRNAs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 14 | 1 | Omega-N-methylarginine; by PRMT5; alternate By similarity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 14 | 1 | Symmetric dimethylarginine; by PRMT5; alternate By similarity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 49 | 1 | Omega-N-methylarginine; by PRMT5 By similarity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 370 | 1 | Omega-N-methylarginine; by PRMT5 By similarity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 86 | 86 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_018366 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 87 – 89 | 3 | HDL → MIF in isoform 3. | VSP_018367 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 824 – 829 | 6 | GVIRVP → VSASTC in isoform 2. | VSP_018368 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 830 – 861 | 32 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_018369 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 491 | 1 | K → N. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17856812 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_026288 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 527 | 1 | R → K. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs1106042 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_026289 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 575 | 1 | L → P. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17852568 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_026290 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 379 | 1 | P → H: Impairs binding to 2'-O-methylated 3'-end of piRNAs; when associated with Y-381. Ref.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 381 | 1 | M → Y: Impairs binding to 2'-O-methylated 3'-end of piRNAs; when associated with H-379. Ref.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 178 | 1 | V → A in BAC04068. Ref.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 314 | 1 | N → I in AAC97371. Ref.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 339 | 1 | E → G in AAC97371. Ref.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 353 | 1 | E → K in BAF49084. Ref.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 279 – 285 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 286 – 288 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 292 – 303 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 307 – 310 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 311 – 314 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 316 – 318 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 321 – 323 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 331 – 333 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 335 – 337 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 339 – 341 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 342 – 350 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 361 – 364 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 370 – 375 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 380 – 382 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 384 – 386 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 387 – 389 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Human CD34+ stem cells express the hiwi gene, a human homologue of the Drosophila gene piwi." Sharma A.K., Nelson M.C., Brandt J.E., Wessman M., Mahmud N., Weller K.P., Hoffman R. Blood 97:426-434(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 3), TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION. Tissue: Testis. |
| [2] | "Molecular characterization of hiwi, a human member of the piwi gene family whose overexpression is correlated to seminomas." Qiao D., Zeeman A.-M., Deng W., Looijenga L.H.J., Lin H. Oncogene 21:3988-3999(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Testis. |
| [3] | "Cloning and identification of human piwi protein related to testis development." Sha J.H. Submitted (MAY-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Testis. |
| [4] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Testis. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS ASN-491; LYS-527 AND PRO-575. Tissue: Testis. |
| [6] | "The induction of H3K9 methylation by PIWIL4 at the p16Ink4a locus." Sugimoto K., Kage H., Aki N., Sano A., Kitagawa H., Nagase T., Yatomi Y., Ohishi N., Takai D. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 359:497-502(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-530. |
| [7] | "Identification of eight members of the Argonaute family in the human genome." Sasaki T., Shiohama A., Minoshima S., Shimizu N. Genomics 82:323-330(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [8] | "Characterization of the interactions between mammalian PAZ PIWI domain proteins and Dicer." Tahbaz N., Kolb F.A., Zhang H., Jaronczyk K., Filipowicz W., Hobman T.C. EMBO Rep. 5:189-194(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH DICER1, FUNCTION. |
| [9] | "Expression of hiwi gene in human gastric cancer was associated with proliferation of cancer cells." Liu X., Sun Y., Guo J., Ma H., Li J., Dong B., Jin G., Zhang J., Wu J., Meng L., Shou C. Int. J. Cancer 118:1922-1929(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [10] | "Structural basis for piRNA 2'-O-methylated 3'-end recognition by Piwi PAZ (Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille) domains." Tian Y., Simanshu D.K., Ma J.B., Patel D.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:903-910(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.8 ANGSTROMS) OF 277-399 IN COMPLEX WITH METHYLATED SMALL RNA, DOMAIN PAZ, MUTAGENESIS OF PRO-379 AND MET-381. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF264004 mRNA. Translation: AAK92281.1. AF104260 mRNA. Translation: AAC97371.2. AF387507 mRNA. Translation: AAK69348.1. AK093133 mRNA. Translation: BAC04068.1. BC028581 mRNA. Translation: AAH28581.1. AB274731 mRNA. Translation: BAF49084.1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00290933. IPI00746870. IPI00747208. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_001177900.1. NM_001190971.1. NP_004755.2. NM_004764.4. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.405659. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProteinModelPortal | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIP | DIP-33534N. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IntAct | Q96J94. 1 interaction. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000245255. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DMDM | 74716803. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PaxDb | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PRIDE | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000245255; ENSP00000245255; ENSG00000125207. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneID | 9271. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:9271. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc001uij.2. human. uc001uik.3. human. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CTD | 9271. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC12P130822. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:9007. PIWIL1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HPA | CAB012217. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MIM | 605571. gene. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA33341. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| eggNOG | NOG286051. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HOG000254789. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG049411. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InParanoid | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KO | K02156. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OMA | PGYIQPR. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG47SSD7. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bgee | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_PIWIL1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000125207. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR008625. GAGE. IPR003100. PAZ. IPR003165. Piwi. IPR012337. RNaseH-like_dom. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF05831. GAGE. 1 hit. PF02170. PAZ. 1 hit. PF02171. Piwi. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SMART | SM00949. PAZ. 1 hit. SM00950. Piwi. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SUPFAM | SSF101690. PAZ. 1 hit. SSF53098. RNaseH_fold. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PROSITE | PS50821. PAZ. 1 hit. PS50822. PIWI. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EvolutionaryTrace | Q96J94. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GenomeRNAi | 9271. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NextBio | 34751. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | PIWL1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q96J94 Secondary accession number(s): A4F266 Q96JD5 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 12 Human chromosome 12: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
