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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q96GD4 (AURKB_HUMAN)

Last modified February 9, 2010. Version 107. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (6) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12
    EC=2.7.11.1
Alternative name(s):
    Aurora kinase B
    Serine/threonine-protein kinase aurora-B
    Aurora- and Ipl1-like midbody-associated protein 1
      Short name=AIM-1
    Aurora/IPL1-related kinase 2
      Short name=Aurora-related kinase 2
      Short name=ARK-2
    STK-1
Gene names
Name: AURKB
Synonyms: AIK2, AIM1, ARK2, STK12
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length344 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

May be directly involved in regulating the cleavage of polar spindle microtubules and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Phosphorylates 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' of histone H3 during mitosis. Required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGOL1. Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.15

Catalytic activity

ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.

Cofactor

Magnesium.

Subunit structure

Interacts with TACC1. Associates with RACGAP1 during M phase. Component of the CPC at least composed of BIRC5/survivin CDCA8/borealin, INCENP and AURKB/Aurora-B. Interacts with CDCA1 and NDC80. Interacts with EVI5. Interacts with SEPT1. Interacts with PSMA3. Ref.11 Ref.15 Ref.14 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.20

Subcellular location

Nucleus. Centromere. Cytoplasmcytoskeletonspindle. Note: Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis. Colocalized with gamma tubulin in the mid-body. Ref.17

Tissue specificity

High level expression seen in the thymus. It is also expressed in the spleen, lung, testis, colon, placenta and fetal liver. Expressed during S and G2/M phase and expression is up-regulated in cancer cells during M phase. Ref.2 Ref.3

Involvement in disease

Disruptive regulation of expression is a possibile mechanism of the perturbation of chromosomal integrity in cancer cells through its dominant-negative effect on cytokinesis.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.

Contains 1 protein kinase domain.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Initiator methionine11Removed
Chain2 – 344343Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12
PRO_0000085656

Regions

Domain77 – 327251Protein kinase
Nucleotide binding83 – 919ATP By similarity

Sites

Active site2001Proton acceptor By similarity
Binding site1061ATP By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue21N-acetylalanine Ref.22
Modified residue71Phosphoserine Ref.22 Ref.21 Ref.24
Modified residue121Phosphotyrosine Ref.21
Modified residue161Phosphothreonine Ref.22
Modified residue351Phosphothreonine Ref.22 Ref.24 Ref.25
Modified residue451Phosphoserine Ref.22 Ref.24
Modified residue611Phosphoserine Ref.22 Ref.24
Modified residue621Phosphoserine Ref.22
Modified residue641Phosphothreonine Ref.22 Ref.24
Modified residue921Phosphotyrosine Ref.24
Modified residue2271Phosphoserine Ref.24
Modified residue2321Phosphothreonine Ref.21 Ref.24 Ref.23
Modified residue2361Phosphothreonine Ref.24
Modified residue3131Phosphoserine Ref.24

Natural variations

Natural variant521A → V
VAR_040383
Natural variant1001H → Q: dbSNP rs3027254.
VAR_027970
Natural variant1791T → M
VAR_040384
Natural variant2981T → M: dbSNP rs1059476. Ref.7 Ref.27
VAR_027971

Experimental info

Mutagenesis1061K → R: Loss of kinase activity. Ref.17
Sequence conflict14 – 152RQ → DK in AAC98891. Ref.5
Sequence conflict701R → RR in AAH13300. Ref.7
Sequence conflict1611E → M Ref.4
Sequence conflict1611E → M Ref.5
Sequence conflict167 – 1693QKS → HKT in AAB65786. Ref.4
Sequence conflict1791T → TVRR in AAB65786. Ref.4
Sequence conflict1801I → VRAV Ref.5
Sequence conflict2261P → T in BAA82709. Ref.3
Sequence conflict249 – 2502MH → ID in BAA82709. Ref.3
Sequence conflict2711Missing in BAA82709. Ref.3

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Q96GD4-1 [UniParc].

Last modified January 17, 2003. Version 2.
Checksum: 8325E3EF5A1FB170

FASTA34439,280
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MAQKENSYPW PYGRQTAPSG LSTLPQRVLR KEPVTPSALV LMSRSNVQPT AAPGQKVMEN 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
SSGTPDILTR HFTIDDFEIG RPLGKGKFGN VYLAREKKSH FIVALKVLFK SQIEKEGVEH 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
QLRREIEIQA HLHHPNILRL YNYFYDRRRI YLILEYAPRG ELYKELQKSC TFDEQRTATI 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
MEELADALMY CHGKKVIHRD IKPENLLLGL KGELKIADFG WSVHAPSLRR KTMCGTLDYL 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
PPEMIEGRMH NEKVDLWCIG VLCYELLVGN PPFESASHNE TYRRIVKVDL KFPASVPTGA 

       310        320        330        340 
QDLISKLLRH NPSERLPLAQ VSAHPWVRAN SRRVLPPSAL QSVA 

« Hide

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"cDNA cloning, expression, subcellular localization, and chromosomal assignment of mammalian aurora homologues, aurora-related kinase (ARK) 1 and 2."
Shindo M., Nakano H., Kuroyanagi H., Shirasawa T., Mihara M., Gilbert D.J., Jenkins N.A., Copeland N.G., Yagita H., Okumura K.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 244:285-292(1998) [PubMed: 9514916] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]"Multinuclearity and increased ploidy caused by overexpression of the aurora- and Ipl1-like midbody-associated protein mitotic kinase in human cancer cells."
Tatsuka M., Katayama H., Ota T., Tanaka T., Odashima S., Suzuki F., Terada Y.
Cancer Res. 58:4811-4816(1998) [PubMed: 9809983] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[3]"Identification and characterization of STK12/Aik2: a human gene related to aurora of Drosophila and yeast IPL1."
Kimura M., Matsuda Y., Yoshioka T., Sumi N., Okano Y.
Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 82:147-152(1998) [PubMed: 9858806] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
Tissue: Liver and Spleen.
[4]"In silico cloning of a new protein kinase, Aik2, related to Drosophila aurora using the new tool: EST Blast."
Prigent C., Gill R., Trower M., Sanseau P.
In Silico Biol. 1:123-128(1999) [PubMed: 11471245] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[5]"Cloning of a novel human gene homologous to mouse STK-1."
Zhang Q., Yu L., Bi A.
Submitted (JUL-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[6]"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector."
Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A.
Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[7]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT MET-298.
Tissue: Lung, Lymph and Muscle.
[8]"Mitotic kinases as regulators of cell division and its checkpoints."
Nigg E.A.
Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2:21-32(2001) [PubMed: 11413462] [Abstract]
Cited for: REVIEW.
[9]"Aurora-B phosphorylates Histone H3 at serine28 with regard to the mitotic chromosome condensation."
Goto H., Yasui Y., Nigg E.A., Inagaki M.
Genes Cells 7:11-17(2002) [PubMed: 11856369] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION IN PHOSPHORYLATION OF HISTONE H3.
[10]"Mitotic phosphorylation of histone H3: spatio-temporal regulation by mammalian Aurora kinases."
Crosio C., Fimia G.M., Loury R., Kimura M., Okano Y., Zhou H., Sen S., Allis C.D., Sassone-Corsi P.
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:874-885(2002) [PubMed: 11784863] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION IN PHOSPHORYLATION OF HISTONE H3.
[11]"Phosphorylation by aurora B converts MgcRacGAP to a RhoGAP during cytokinesis."
Minoshima Y., Kawashima T., Hirose K., Tonozuka Y., Kawajiri A., Bao Y.C., Deng X., Tatsuka M., Narumiya S., May W.S. Jr., Nosaka T., Semba K., Inoue T., Satoh T., Inagaki M., Kitamura T.
Dev. Cell 4:549-560(2003) [PubMed: 12689593] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH RACGAP1.
[12]"Human Aurora-B binds to a proteasome alpha-subunit HC8 and undergoes degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner."
Shu F., Guo S., Dang Y., Qi M., Zhou G., Guo Z., Zhang Y., Wu C., Zhao S., Yu L.
Mol. Cell. Biochem. 254:157-162(2003) [PubMed: 14674694] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH PSMA3.
[13]"Bub1 is required for kinetochore localization of BubR1, Cenp-E, Cenp-F and Mad2, and chromosome congression."
Johnson V.L., Scott M.I., Holt S.V., Hussein D., Taylor S.S.
J. Cell Sci. 117:1577-1589(2004) [PubMed: 15020684] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION.
[14]"Borealin: a novel chromosomal passenger required for stability of the bipolar mitotic spindle."
Gassmann R., Carvalho A., Henzing A.J., Ruchaud S., Hudson D.F., Honda R., Nigg E.A., Gerloff D.L., Earnshaw W.C.
J. Cell Biol. 166:179-191(2004) [PubMed: 15249581] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH CDCA8.
[15]"Identification of the substrates and interaction proteins of aurora kinases from a protein-protein interaction model."
Tien A.-C., Lin M.-H., Su L.-J., Hong Y.-R., Cheng T.-S., Lee Y.-C.G., Lin W.-J., Still I.H., Huang C.-Y.F.
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 3:93-104(2004) [PubMed: 14602875] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CDCA1 AND NDC80.
[16]"Aurora B -TACC1 protein complex in cytokinesis."
Delaval B., Ferrand A., Conte N., Larroque C., Hernandez-Verdun D., Prigent C., Birnbaum D.
Oncogene 23:4516-4522(2004) [PubMed: 15064709] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH TACC1.
[17]"Septin1, a new interaction partner for human serine/threonine kinase aurora-B."
Qi M., Yu W., Liu S., Jia H., Tang L., Shen M., Yan X., Saiyin H., Lang Q., Wan B., Zhao S., Yu L.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 336:994-1000(2005) [PubMed: 16179162] [Abstract]
Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH SEPT1, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-106.
[18]"EVI5 protein associates with the INCENP-aurora B kinase-survivin chromosomal passenger complex and is involved in the completion of cytokinesis."
Faitar S.L., Sossey-Alaoui K., Ranalli T.A., Cowell J.K.
Exp. Cell Res. 312:2325-2335(2006) [PubMed: 16764853] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH EVI5.
[19]"Shugoshin 1 plays a central role in kinetochore assembly and is required for kinetochore targeting of Plk1."
Pouwels J., Kukkonen A.M., Lan W., Daum J.R., Gorbsky G.J., Stukenberg T., Kallio M.J.
Cell Cycle 6:1579-1585(2007) [PubMed: 17617734] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION.
[20]"A survivin-ran complex regulates spindle formation in tumor cells."
Xia F., Canovas P.M., Guadagno T.M., Altieri D.C.
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28:5299-5311(2008) [PubMed: 18591255] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH BIRC5.
[21]"Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle."
Nousiainen M., Sillje H.H.W., Sauer G., Nigg E.A., Koerner R.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:5391-5396(2006) [PubMed: 16565220] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-7; TYR-12 AND THR-232, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Tissue: Epithelium.
[22]"Evaluation of the low-specificity protease elastase for large-scale phosphoproteome analysis."
Wang B., Malik R., Nigg E.A., Korner R.
Anal. Chem. 80:9526-9533(2008) [PubMed: 19007248] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-7; THR-16; THR-35; SER-45; SER-61; SER-62 AND THR-64, ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ALA-2, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[23]"Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis."
Cantin G.T., Yi W., Lu B., Park S.K., Xu T., Lee J.-D., Yates J.R. III
J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed: 18220336] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-232, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[24]"Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle."
Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M.
Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008) [PubMed: 18691976] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-7; THR-35; SER-45; SER-61; THR-64; TYR-92; SER-227; THR-232; THR-236 AND SER-313, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[25]"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation."
Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-35, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[26]"Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome."
Oppermann F.S., Gnad F., Olsen J.V., Hornberger R., Greff Z., Keri G., Mann M., Daub H.
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:1751-1764(2009) [PubMed: 19369195] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-61, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[27]"Aurora kinases A and B and familial breast cancer risk."
Tchatchou S., Wirtenberger M., Hemminki K., Sutter C., Meindl A., Wappenschmidt B., Kiechle M., Bugert P., Schmutzler R.K., Bartram C.R., Burwinkel B.
Cancer Lett. 247:266-272(2007) [PubMed: 16762494] [Abstract]
Cited for: VARIANT MET-298.
[28]"Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes."
Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. expand/collapse author list , Choudhury B., Clements J., Cole J., Dicks E., Forbes S., Gray K., Halliday K., Harrison R., Hills K., Hinton J., Jenkinson A., Jones D., Menzies A., Mironenko T., Perry J., Raine K., Richardson D., Shepherd R., Small A., Tofts C., Varian J., Webb T., West S., Widaa S., Yates A., Cahill D.P., Louis D.N., Goldstraw P., Nicholson A.G., Brasseur F., Looijenga L., Weber B.L., Chiew Y.-E., DeFazio A., Greaves M.F., Green A.R., Campbell P., Birney E., Easton D.F., Chenevix-Trench G., Tan M.-H., Khoo S.K., Teh B.T., Yuen S.T., Leung S.Y., Wooster R., Futreal P.A., Stratton M.R.
Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed: 17344846] [Abstract]
Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] VAL-52 AND MET-179.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ
AF008552 mRNA. Translation: AAC12709.1.
AB011450 mRNA. Translation: BAA32136.1.
AB011446 mRNA. Translation: BAA82709.1.
AF004022 mRNA. Translation: AAB65786.1.
AF015254 mRNA. Translation: AAC98891.1.
BT019534 mRNA. Translation: AAV38341.1.
BC000442 mRNA. Translation: AAH00442.3.
BC009751 mRNA. Translation: AAH09751.1.
BC013300 mRNA. Translation: AAH13300.2. Different initiation.
BC080581 mRNA. Translation: AAH80581.1.
IPIIPI00176642.
RefSeqNP_004208.2.
UniGeneHs.442658

3D structure databases

SMRQ96GD4. Positions 70-337.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIPDIP-34530N.
IntActQ96GD4. 21 interactions.
STRINGQ96GD4.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteQ96GD4.

Proteomic databases

PRIDEQ96GD4.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENST00000316199; ENSP00000313950; ENSG00000178999; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
GeneID9212.
KEGGhsa:9212.
UCSCuc002gkm.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD9212.
GeneCardsGC17M008048.
H-InvDBHIX0019005.
HGNCHGNC:11390. AURKB.
HPACAB005862.
MIM604970. gene.
PharmGKBPA36199.
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGprNOG08834.
HOGENOMHBG755340.
HOVERGENQ96GD4.
InParanoidQ96GD4.
OrthoDBEOG9ZW7WT.
PhylomeDBQ96GD4.

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA2.7.11.1. 247.
Pathway_Interaction_DBaurora_a_pathway. Aurora A signaling.
aurora_b_pathway. Aurora B signaling.
aurora_c_pathway. Aurora C signaling.
foxm1pathway. FOXM1 transcription factor network.
aurora_kinase_pathway. Signaling by Aurora kinases.
ReactomeREACT_152. Cell Cycle, Mitotic.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressQ96GD4.
BgeeQ96GD4.
CleanExHS_AIM1.
HS_AURKB.
GenevestigatorQ96GD4.
GermOnlineENSG00000178999. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR020636. Ca/CaM-dep_prot_kinase-like.
IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom.
IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom.
IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS.
IPR017442. Se/Thr_prot_kinase-like_dom.
IPR008271. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_AS.
IPR002290. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_dom.
IPR020663. Spindle_assmbl_checkpoint_kin.
[Graphical view]
PANTHERPTHR22982. Ca/CaM-dep_prot_kinase-like. 1 hit.
PTHR22982:SF49. Spindle_assmbl_checkpoint_kin. 1 hit.
PfamPF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
SMARTSM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PROSITEPS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit.
PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit.
PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio34535.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameAURKB_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: Q96GD4
Secondary accession number(s): O14630 expand/collapse secondary AC list , O60446, O95083, Q96DV5, Q9UQ46
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: January 17, 2003
Last sequence update: January 17, 2003
Last modified: February 9, 2010
This is version 107 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Relevant documents

Human chromosome 17

Human chromosome 17: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Human and mouse protein kinases

Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents