Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q96GD4 (AURKB_HUMAN)
Last modified
February 9, 2010.
Version 107.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (6) |
Third-party data |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12 EC=2.7.11.1 Alternative name(s): Aurora kinase B Serine/threonine-protein kinase aurora-B Aurora- and Ipl1-like midbody-associated protein 1 Short name=AIM-1 Aurora/IPL1-related kinase 2 Short name=Aurora-related kinase 2 Short name=ARK-2 STK-1 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 344 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | May be directly involved in regulating the cleavage of polar spindle microtubules and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Phosphorylates 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' of histone H3 during mitosis. Required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGOL1. Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.15 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. |
| Cofactor | Magnesium. |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with TACC1. Associates with RACGAP1 during M phase. Component of the CPC at least composed of BIRC5/survivin CDCA8/borealin, INCENP and AURKB/Aurora-B. Interacts with CDCA1 and NDC80. Interacts with EVI5. Interacts with SEPT1. Interacts with PSMA3. Ref.11 Ref.15 Ref.14 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.20 |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus. Centromere. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › spindle. Note: Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis. Colocalized with gamma tubulin in the mid-body. Ref.17 |
| Tissue specificity | High level expression seen in the thymus. It is also expressed in the spleen, lung, testis, colon, placenta and fetal liver. Expressed during S and G2/M phase and expression is up-regulated in cancer cells during M phase. Ref.2 Ref.3 |
| Involvement in disease | Disruptive regulation of expression is a possibile mechanism of the perturbation of chromosomal integrity in cancer cells through its dominant-negative effect on cytokinesis. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BIRC5 | O15392 | 1 | EBI-624291,EBI-518823 | |
| BIRC5 | O15392-1 | 2 | EBI-624291,EBI-518838 | |
| BIRC5 | O15392-2 | 2 | EBI-624291,EBI-518842 | |
| CDC2 | P06493 | 1 | EBI-624291,EBI-444308 | |
| INCENP | Q9NQS7 | 1 | EBI-624291,EBI-307907 | |
| PPP1CA | P62136 | 1 | EBI-624291,EBI-357253 | |
| SEPT1 | Q8WYJ6 | 3 | EBI-624291,EBI-693002 | |
| TACC1 | O75410 | 1 | EBI-624291,EBI-624237 | |
| TACC1 | O75410-1 | 1 | EBI-624291,EBI-624252 | |
| TACC1 | O75410-6 | 1 | EBI-624291,EBI-624278 |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed | ||||||
| Chain | 2 – 344 | 343 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12 | PRO_0000085656 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 77 – 327 | 251 | Protein kinase | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 83 – 91 | 9 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 200 | 1 | Proton acceptor By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 106 | 1 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 2 | 1 | N-acetylalanine Ref.22 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 7 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.22 Ref.21 Ref.24 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 12 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.21 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 16 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.22 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 35 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.22 Ref.24 Ref.25 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 45 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.22 Ref.24 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 61 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.22 Ref.24 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 62 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.22 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 64 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.22 Ref.24 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 92 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.24 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 227 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.24 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 232 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.21 Ref.24 Ref.23 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 236 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.24 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 313 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.24 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Natural variant | 52 | 1 | A → V | VAR_040383 | |||||
| Natural variant | 100 | 1 | H → Q: dbSNP rs3027254. | VAR_027970 | |||||
| Natural variant | 179 | 1 | T → M | VAR_040384 | |||||
| Natural variant | 298 | 1 | T → M: dbSNP rs1059476. Ref.7 Ref.27 | VAR_027971 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 106 | 1 | K → R: Loss of kinase activity. Ref.17 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 14 – 15 | 2 | RQ → DK in AAC98891. Ref.5 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 70 | 1 | R → RR in AAH13300. Ref.7 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 161 | 1 | E → M Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 161 | 1 | E → M Ref.5 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 167 – 169 | 3 | QKS → HKT in AAB65786. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 179 | 1 | T → TVRR in AAB65786. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 180 | 1 | I → VRAV Ref.5 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 226 | 1 | P → T in BAA82709. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 249 – 250 | 2 | MH → ID in BAA82709. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 271 | 1 | Missing in BAA82709. Ref.3 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "cDNA cloning, expression, subcellular localization, and chromosomal assignment of mammalian aurora homologues, aurora-related kinase (ARK) 1 and 2." Shindo M., Nakano H., Kuroyanagi H., Shirasawa T., Mihara M., Gilbert D.J., Jenkins N.A., Copeland N.G., Yagita H., Okumura K. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 244:285-292(1998) [PubMed: 9514916] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [2] | "Multinuclearity and increased ploidy caused by overexpression of the aurora- and Ipl1-like midbody-associated protein mitotic kinase in human cancer cells." Tatsuka M., Katayama H., Ota T., Tanaka T., Odashima S., Suzuki F., Terada Y. Cancer Res. 58:4811-4816(1998) [PubMed: 9809983] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [3] | "Identification and characterization of STK12/Aik2: a human gene related to aurora of Drosophila and yeast IPL1." Kimura M., Matsuda Y., Yoshioka T., Sumi N., Okano Y. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 82:147-152(1998) [PubMed: 9858806] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Liver and Spleen. |
| [4] | "In silico cloning of a new protein kinase, Aik2, related to Drosophila aurora using the new tool: EST Blast." Prigent C., Gill R., Trower M., Sanseau P. In Silico Biol. 1:123-128(1999) [PubMed: 11471245] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [5] | "Cloning of a novel human gene homologous to mouse STK-1." Zhang Q., Yu L., Bi A. Submitted (JUL-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [6] | "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [7] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT MET-298. Tissue: Lung, Lymph and Muscle. |
| [8] | "Mitotic kinases as regulators of cell division and its checkpoints." Nigg E.A. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2:21-32(2001) [PubMed: 11413462] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW. |
| [9] | "Aurora-B phosphorylates Histone H3 at serine28 with regard to the mitotic chromosome condensation." Goto H., Yasui Y., Nigg E.A., Inagaki M. Genes Cells 7:11-17(2002) [PubMed: 11856369] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN PHOSPHORYLATION OF HISTONE H3. |
| [10] | "Mitotic phosphorylation of histone H3: spatio-temporal regulation by mammalian Aurora kinases." Crosio C., Fimia G.M., Loury R., Kimura M., Okano Y., Zhou H., Sen S., Allis C.D., Sassone-Corsi P. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:874-885(2002) [PubMed: 11784863] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN PHOSPHORYLATION OF HISTONE H3. |
| [11] | "Phosphorylation by aurora B converts MgcRacGAP to a RhoGAP during cytokinesis." Minoshima Y., Kawashima T., Hirose K., Tonozuka Y., Kawajiri A., Bao Y.C., Deng X., Tatsuka M., Narumiya S., May W.S. Jr., Nosaka T., Semba K., Inoue T., Satoh T., Inagaki M., Kitamura T. Dev. Cell 4:549-560(2003) [PubMed: 12689593] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH RACGAP1. |
| [12] | "Human Aurora-B binds to a proteasome alpha-subunit HC8 and undergoes degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner." Shu F., Guo S., Dang Y., Qi M., Zhou G., Guo Z., Zhang Y., Wu C., Zhao S., Yu L. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 254:157-162(2003) [PubMed: 14674694] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH PSMA3. |
| [13] | "Bub1 is required for kinetochore localization of BubR1, Cenp-E, Cenp-F and Mad2, and chromosome congression." Johnson V.L., Scott M.I., Holt S.V., Hussein D., Taylor S.S. J. Cell Sci. 117:1577-1589(2004) [PubMed: 15020684] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [14] | "Borealin: a novel chromosomal passenger required for stability of the bipolar mitotic spindle." Gassmann R., Carvalho A., Henzing A.J., Ruchaud S., Hudson D.F., Honda R., Nigg E.A., Gerloff D.L., Earnshaw W.C. J. Cell Biol. 166:179-191(2004) [PubMed: 15249581] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH CDCA8. |
| [15] | "Identification of the substrates and interaction proteins of aurora kinases from a protein-protein interaction model." Tien A.-C., Lin M.-H., Su L.-J., Hong Y.-R., Cheng T.-S., Lee Y.-C.G., Lin W.-J., Still I.H., Huang C.-Y.F. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 3:93-104(2004) [PubMed: 14602875] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CDCA1 AND NDC80. |
| [16] | "Aurora B -TACC1 protein complex in cytokinesis." Delaval B., Ferrand A., Conte N., Larroque C., Hernandez-Verdun D., Prigent C., Birnbaum D. Oncogene 23:4516-4522(2004) [PubMed: 15064709] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH TACC1. |
| [17] | "Septin1, a new interaction partner for human serine/threonine kinase aurora-B." Qi M., Yu W., Liu S., Jia H., Tang L., Shen M., Yan X., Saiyin H., Lang Q., Wan B., Zhao S., Yu L. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 336:994-1000(2005) [PubMed: 16179162] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH SEPT1, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-106. |
| [18] | "EVI5 protein associates with the INCENP-aurora B kinase-survivin chromosomal passenger complex and is involved in the completion of cytokinesis." Faitar S.L., Sossey-Alaoui K., Ranalli T.A., Cowell J.K. Exp. Cell Res. 312:2325-2335(2006) [PubMed: 16764853] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH EVI5. |
| [19] | "Shugoshin 1 plays a central role in kinetochore assembly and is required for kinetochore targeting of Plk1." Pouwels J., Kukkonen A.M., Lan W., Daum J.R., Gorbsky G.J., Stukenberg T., Kallio M.J. Cell Cycle 6:1579-1585(2007) [PubMed: 17617734] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [20] | "A survivin-ran complex regulates spindle formation in tumor cells." Xia F., Canovas P.M., Guadagno T.M., Altieri D.C. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28:5299-5311(2008) [PubMed: 18591255] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH BIRC5. |
| [21] | "Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle." Nousiainen M., Sillje H.H.W., Sauer G., Nigg E.A., Koerner R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:5391-5396(2006) [PubMed: 16565220] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-7; TYR-12 AND THR-232, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium. |
| [22] | "Evaluation of the low-specificity protease elastase for large-scale phosphoproteome analysis." Wang B., Malik R., Nigg E.A., Korner R. Anal. Chem. 80:9526-9533(2008) [PubMed: 19007248] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-7; THR-16; THR-35; SER-45; SER-61; SER-62 AND THR-64, ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ALA-2, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [23] | "Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis." Cantin G.T., Yi W., Lu B., Park S.K., Xu T., Lee J.-D., Yates J.R. III J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed: 18220336] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-232, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [24] | "Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle." Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M. Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008) [PubMed: 18691976] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-7; THR-35; SER-45; SER-61; THR-64; TYR-92; SER-227; THR-232; THR-236 AND SER-313, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [25] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-35, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [26] | "Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome." Oppermann F.S., Gnad F., Olsen J.V., Hornberger R., Greff Z., Keri G., Mann M., Daub H. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:1751-1764(2009) [PubMed: 19369195] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-61, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [27] | "Aurora kinases A and B and familial breast cancer risk." Tchatchou S., Wirtenberger M., Hemminki K., Sutter C., Meindl A., Wappenschmidt B., Kiechle M., Bugert P., Schmutzler R.K., Bartram C.R., Burwinkel B. Cancer Lett. 247:266-272(2007) [PubMed: 16762494] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MET-298. |
| [28] | "Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes." Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. Stratton M.R.Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed: 17344846] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] VAL-52 AND MET-179. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF008552 mRNA. Translation: AAC12709.1. AB011450 mRNA. Translation: BAA32136.1. AB011446 mRNA. Translation: BAA82709.1. AF004022 mRNA. Translation: AAB65786.1. AF015254 mRNA. Translation: AAC98891.1. BT019534 mRNA. Translation: AAV38341.1. BC000442 mRNA. Translation: AAH00442.3. BC009751 mRNA. Translation: AAH09751.1. BC013300 mRNA. Translation: AAH13300.2. Different initiation. BC080581 mRNA. Translation: AAH80581.1. |
| IPI | IPI00176642. |
| RefSeq | NP_004208.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.442658 |
3D structure databases | |
| SMR | Q96GD4. Positions 70-337. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| DIP | DIP-34530N. |
| IntAct | Q96GD4. 21 interactions. |
| STRING | Q96GD4. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q96GD4. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | Q96GD4. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000316199; ENSP00000313950; ENSG00000178999; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] |
| GeneID | 9212. |
| KEGG | hsa:9212. |
| UCSC | uc002gkm.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 9212. |
| GeneCards | GC17M008048. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0019005. |
| HGNC | HGNC:11390. AURKB. |
| HPA | CAB005862. |
| MIM | 604970. gene. |
| PharmGKB | PA36199. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | prNOG08834. |
| HOGENOM | HBG755340. |
| HOVERGEN | Q96GD4. |
| InParanoid | Q96GD4. |
| OrthoDB | EOG9ZW7WT. |
| PhylomeDB | Q96GD4. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| BRENDA | 2.7.11.1. 247. |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | aurora_a_pathway. Aurora A signaling. aurora_b_pathway. Aurora B signaling. aurora_c_pathway. Aurora C signaling. foxm1pathway. FOXM1 transcription factor network. aurora_kinase_pathway. Signaling by Aurora kinases. |
| Reactome | REACT_152. Cell Cycle, Mitotic. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q96GD4. |
| Bgee | Q96GD4. |
| CleanEx | HS_AIM1. HS_AURKB. |
| Genevestigator | Q96GD4. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000178999. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR020636. Ca/CaM-dep_prot_kinase-like. IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR017442. Se/Thr_prot_kinase-like_dom. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_AS. IPR002290. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_dom. IPR020663. Spindle_assmbl_checkpoint_kin. [Graphical view] |
| PANTHER | PTHR22982. Ca/CaM-dep_prot_kinase-like. 1 hit. PTHR22982:SF49. Spindle_assmbl_checkpoint_kin. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PROSITE | PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| NextBio | 34535. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | AURKB_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q96GD4 Secondary accession number(s): O14630 Q9UQ46 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 17 Human chromosome 17: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| Human and mouse protein kinases Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with


