Q96BI3 (APH1A_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 107.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A Short name=APH-1a Alternative name(s): Aph-1alpha Presenilin-stabilization factor | ||||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 265 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Essential subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (beta-amyloid precursor protein). It probably represents a stabilizing cofactor for the presenilin homodimer that promotes the formation of a stable complex. Ref.1 Ref.10 Ref.12 |
| Subunit structure | Component of the gamma-secretase complex, a complex composed of a presenilin homodimer (PSEN1 or PSEN2), nicastrin (NCSTN), APH1 (APH1A or APH1B) and PEN2. Such minimal complex is sufficient for secretase activity, although other components may exist. |
| Subcellular location | Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Golgi apparatus › Golgi stack membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note: Predominantly located in the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cis-Golgi. Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.15 |
| Tissue specificity | Widely expressed. Expressed in leukocytes, lung, placenta, small intestine, liver, kidney, spleen thymus, skeletal muscle, heart and brain. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are nearly expressed at the same level. Ref.9 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the APH-1 family. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence AAD34072.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 243. The sequence AAN63816.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 243. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q96BI3-1) Also known as: L; Aph-alpha1; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q96BI3-2) Also known as: S; Aph-alpha2; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 246-247: RR → KD 248-265: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q96BI3-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 39-120: AFFWLVSLLL...PISIRQMAYV → RCSALPTTSCLI |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 265 | 265 | Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A | PRO_0000221050 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 1 – 2 | 2 | Lumenal Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 3 – 23 | 21 | Helical; Name=1; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 24 – 31 | 8 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 32 – 52 | 21 | Helical; Name=2; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 53 – 68 | 16 | Lumenal Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 69 – 89 | 21 | Helical; Name=3; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 90 – 118 | 29 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 119 – 139 | 21 | Helical; Name=4; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 140 – 158 | 19 | Lumenal Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 159 – 179 | 21 | Helical; Name=5; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 180 – 186 | 7 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 187 – 207 | 21 | Helical; Name=6; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 208 – 213 | 6 | Lumenal Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 214 – 234 | 21 | Helical; Name=7; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 235 – 265 | 31 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 39 – 120 | 82 | AFFWL…QMAYV → RCSALPTTSCLI in isoform 3. | VSP_045424 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 246 – 247 | 2 | RR → KD in isoform 2. | VSP_008355 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 248 – 265 | 18 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_008356 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 236 | 1 | L → I in AAH01230. Ref.8 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Mammalian APH-1 interacts with presenilin and nicastrin and is required for intramembrane proteolysis of amyloid-beta precursor protein and Notch." Lee S.-F., Shah S., Li H., Yu C., Han W., Yu G. J. Biol. Chem. 277:45013-45019(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH PSEN1; PSEN2 AND NCSTN. Tissue: Glioblastoma. |
| [2] | "PSF is essential for gamma-secretase activity and stabilization of presenilin and nicastrin." Lee H.-J., Kim T.-W. Submitted (MAY-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). |
| [3] | "Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics." Lai C.-H., Chou C.-Y., Ch'ang L.-Y., Liu C.-S., Lin W.-C. Genome Res. 10:703-713(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). |
| [4] | "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment." Clark H.F., Gurney A.L., Abaya E., Baker K., Baldwin D.T., Brush J., Chen J., Chow B., Chui C., Crowley C., Currell B., Deuel B., Dowd P., Eaton D., Foster J.S., Grimaldi C., Gu Q., Hass P.E. Gray A.M.Genome Res. 13:2265-2270(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). |
| [5] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 2 AND 3). Tissue: Retinoblastoma and Thyroid. |
| [6] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). Tissue: Adrenal gland, Brain, Cervix, Eye, Glial tumor and Lung. |
| [9] | "aph-1 and pen-2 are required for Notch pathway signaling, gamma-secretase cleavage of betaAPP, and presenilin protein accumulation." Francis R., McGrath G., Zhang J., Ruddy D.A., Sym M., Apfeld J., Nicoll M., Maxwell M., Hai B., Ellis M.C., Parks A.L., Xu W., Li J., Gurney M., Myers R.L., Himes C.S., Hiebsch R., Ruble C., Nye J.S., Curtis D. Dev. Cell 3:85-97(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [10] | "PEN-2 and APH-1 coordinately regulate proteolytic processing of presenilin 1." Luo W.-J., Wang H., Li H., Kim B.S., Shah S., Lee H.-J., Thinakaran G., Kim T.-W., Yu G., Xu H. J. Biol. Chem. 278:7850-7854(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, FUNCTION. |
| [11] | "APH-1 interacts with mature and immature forms of presenilins and nicastrin and may play a role in maturation of presenilin.nicastrin complexes." Gu Y., Chen F., Sanjo N., Kawarai T., Hasegawa H., Duthie M., Li W., Ruan X., Luthra A., Mount H.T.J., Tandon A., Fraser P.E., St George-Hyslop P.H. J. Biol. Chem. 278:7374-7380(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH PSEN1. |
| [12] | "APH1, PEN2, and nicastrin increase Abeta levels and gamma-secretase activity." Marlow L., Canet R.M., Haugabook S.J., Hardy J.A., Lahiri D.K., Sambamurti K. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 305:502-509(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN THE GAMMA-SECRETASE COMPLEX. |
| [13] | "Gamma-secretase is a membrane protein complex comprised of presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1, and Pen-2." Kimberly W.T., LaVoie M.J., Ostaszewski B.L., Ye W., Wolfe M.S., Selkoe D.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:6382-6387(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: COMPONENT OF A GAMMA-SECRETASE COMPLEX WITH PEN2; PSEN1/PSEN2 AND NCSTN. |
| [14] | "Reconstitution of gamma-secretase activity." Edbauer D., Winkler E., Regula J.T., Pesold B., Steiner H., Haass C. Nat. Cell Biol. 5:486-488(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ENZYME ACTIVITY OF A GAMMA-SECRETASE COMPLEX. |
| [15] | "Membrane topology and nicastrin-enhanced endoproteolysis of APH-1, a component of the gamma-secretase complex." Fortna R.R., Crystal A.S., Morais V.A., Pijak D.S., Lee V.M., Doms R.W. J. Biol. Chem. 279:3685-3693(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF508787 mRNA. Translation: AAN63816.1. Frameshift. AY113698 mRNA. Translation: AAM61955.1. AY113699 mRNA. Translation: AAM61956.1. AF151835 mRNA. Translation: AAD34072.1. Frameshift. AY358951 mRNA. Translation: AAQ89310.1. AK027879 mRNA. Translation: BAG51389.1. AK075295 mRNA. Translation: BAC11529.1. AK298832 mRNA. Translation: BAG60962.1. AL138795 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI22811.1. AL138795 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI22812.1. CH471121 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW53565.1. CH471121 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW53566.1. CH471121 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW53567.1. BC001230 mRNA. Translation: AAH01230.1. BC008732 mRNA. Translation: AAH08732.1. BC009501 mRNA. Translation: AAH09501.1. BC015568 mRNA. Translation: AAH15568.1. BC017699 mRNA. Translation: AAH17699.1. BC020590 mRNA. Translation: AAH20590.1. |
| IPI | IPI00059964. IPI00844196. |
| RefSeq | NP_001071096.1. NM_001077628.2. NP_001230700.1. NM_001243771.1. NP_001230701.1. NM_001243772.1. NP_057106.2. NM_016022.3. |
| UniGene | Hs.108408. Hs.735911. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q96BI3. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | Q96BI3. 12 interactions. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000358105. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q96BI3. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 37077707. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q96BI3. |
| PRIDE | Q96BI3. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 51107. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000360244; ENSP00000353380; ENSG00000117362. ENST00000369109; ENSP00000358105; ENSG00000117362. ENST00000414276; ENSP00000397473; ENSG00000117362. ENST00000581822; ENSP00000464062; ENSG00000266334. ENST00000582205; ENSP00000463082; ENSG00000266334. ENST00000584744; ENSP00000464506; ENSG00000266334. |
| GeneID | 51107. |
| KEGG | hsa:51107. |
| UCSC | uc001ety.2. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 51107. |
| GeneCards | GC01M150237. |
| HGNC | HGNC:29509. APH1A. |
| HPA | CAB037272. |
| MIM | 607629. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q96BI3. |
| PharmGKB | PA142672599. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG300477. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000007541. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG050541. |
| InParanoid | Q96BI3. |
| KO | K06172. |
| OMA | FIAFGPP. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4K6G55. |
| PhylomeDB | Q96BI3. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | p75ntrpathway. p75(NTR)-mediated signaling. ps1pathway. Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling. syndecan_3_pathway. Syndecan-3-mediated signaling events. |
| Reactome | REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. REACT_691. A third proteolytic cleavage releases NICD. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q96BI3. |
| Bgee | Q96BI3. |
| CleanEx | HS_APH1A. |
| Genevestigator | Q96BI3. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000117362. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR009294. Aph-1. [Graphical view] |
| PANTHER | PTHR12889. PTHR12889. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF06105. Aph-1. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | Q96BI3. |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2362. |
| GenomeRNAi | 51107. |
| NextBio | 53845. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | APH1A_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q96BI3 Secondary accession number(s): B4DQK0 Q9Y386 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
