Q969F8 (KISSR_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 101.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: KiSS-1 receptor Short name=KiSS-1R Alternative name(s): G-protein coupled receptor 54 G-protein coupled receptor OT7T175 Short name=hOT7T175 Hypogonadotropin-1 Kisspeptins receptor Metastin receptor | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 398 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Receptor for metastin (kisspeptin-54 or kp-54), a C-terminally amidated peptide of KiSS1. KiSS1 is a metastasis suppressor protein that suppresses metastases in malignant melanomas and in some breast carcinomas without affecting tumorigenicity. The metastasis suppressor properties may be mediated in part by cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in malignant cells. The receptor is essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/KISS1R system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood. The receptor is also probably involved in the regulation and fine-tuning of trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself. Analysis of the transduction pathways activated by the receptor identifies coupling to phospholipase C and intracellular calcium release through pertussis toxin-insensitive G(q) proteins. Ref.4 Ref.17 |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Most highly expressed in the pancreas, placenta and spinal cord, with lower-level of expression in peripheral blood leukocytes, kidney, lung, fetal liver, stomach, small intestine, testes, spleen, thymus, adrenal glands and lymph nodes. In the adult brain, expressed in the superior frontal gyrus, putamen, caudate nucleus, cingulate gyrus, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, pons and amygdala, as well as the hypothalamus and pituitary. Expression levels are higher in early (7-9 weeks) than term placentas. Expression levels were increased in both early placentas and molar pregnancies and were reduced in choriocarcinoma cells. Expressed at higher levels in first trimester trophoblasts than at term of gestation. Also found in the extravillous trophoblast suggesting endocrine/paracrine activation mechanism. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.4 Ref.12 Ref.17 |
| Induction | Expressed at higher levels in first trimester trophoblasts than at term of gestation. |
| Involvement in disease | Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 8 with or without anosmia (HH8) [MIM:614837]: A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non-reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). Central precocious puberty (CEPREPU) [MIM:176400]: A condition defined as the development of secondary sexual characteristics in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations below the mean age at onset of puberty in the population. Central precocious puberty results from premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 398 | 398 | KiSS-1 receptor | PRO_0000069695 | |||||||
Regions | |||||||||||
| Topological domain | 1 – 46 | 46 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 47 – 67 | 21 | Helical; Name=1; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 68 – 78 | 11 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 79 – 101 | 23 | Helical; Name=2; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 102 – 120 | 19 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 121 – 138 | 18 | Helical; Name=3; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 139 – 157 | 19 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 158 – 178 | 21 | Helical; Name=4; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 179 – 202 | 24 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 203 – 223 | 21 | Helical; Name=5; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 224 – 263 | 40 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 264 – 284 | 21 | Helical; Name=6; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 285 – 305 | 21 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 306 – 328 | 23 | Helical; Name=7; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 329 – 398 | 70 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 10 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 18 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 28 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 115 ↔ 191 | By similarity | |||||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||||
| Natural variant | 102 | 1 | L → P in HH8; absence of inositol phosphate accumulation under kisspeptin challenge; normal affinity for kisspeptin. Ref.20 | VAR_043906 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 148 | 1 | L → S in HH8; 65% reduction of inositol phosphate production. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs28939719 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_021392 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 223 | 1 | C → R in HH8; exhibit profoundly impaired signaling. Ref.19 | VAR_021393 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 297 | 1 | R → L in HH8; mild reduction in ligand-stimulated activity across the ligand dose range. Ref.19 | VAR_021394 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 364 | 1 | L → H. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.19 Corresponds to variant rs350132 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_021395 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 386 | 1 | R → P in central precocious puberty; reduced rate of decline in inositol phosphate accumulation after kisspeptin stimulation; prolonged phosphorylation of ERK. Ref.21 | VAR_043907 | |||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes peptide ligand of a G-protein-coupled receptor." Ohtaki T., Shintani Y., Honda S., Matsumoto H., Hori A., Kanehashi K., Terao Y., Kumano S., Takatsu Y., Masuda Y., Ishibashi Y., Watanabe T., Asada M., Yamada T., Suenaga M., Kitada C., Usuki S., Kurokawa T. Fujino M.Nature 411:613-617(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT HIS-364, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [2] | "FMRFamide-related neuropeptides are agonists of the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR54." Clements M.K., McDonald T.P., Wang R., Xie G., O'Dowd B.F., George S.R., Austin C.P., Liu Q. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 284:1189-1193(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT HIS-364, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [3] | "AXOR12, a novel human G protein-coupled receptor, activated by the peptide KiSS-1." Muir A.I., Chamberlain L., Elshourbagy N.A., Michalovich D., Moore D.J., Calamari A., Szekeres P.G., Sarau H.M., Chambers J.K., Murdock P., Steplewski K., Shabon U., Miller J.E., Middleton S.E., Darker J.G., Larminie C.G.C., Wilson S., Bergsma D.J. Harrison D.C.J. Biol. Chem. 276:28969-28975(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Brain. |
| [4] | "The metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes kisspeptins, the natural ligands of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54." Kotani M., Detheux M., Vandenbogaerde A., Communi D., Vanderwinden J.-M., Le Poul E., Brezillon S., Tyldesley R., Suarez-Huerta N., Vandeput F., Blanpain C., Schiffmann S.N., Vassart G., Parmentier M. J. Biol. Chem. 276:34631-34636(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT HIS-364, POSSIBLE FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Hypothalamus. |
| [5] | "The GPR54 gene as a regulator of puberty." Seminara S.B., Messager S., Chatzidaki E.E., Thresher R.R., Acierno J.S. Jr., Shagoury J.K., Bo-Abbas Y., Kuohung W., Schwinof K.M., Hendrick A.G., Zahn D., Dixon J., Kaiser U.B., Slaugenhaupt S.A., Gusella J.F., O'Rahilly S., Carlton M.B.L., Crowley W.F. Jr., Aparicio S.A.J.R., Colledge W.H. N. Engl. J. Med. 349:1614-1627(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT HH8 SER-148, VARIANT HIS-364. |
| [6] | "Isolation of cDNA coding for human KISS1 receptor (KISS1R)." Kaighin V.A., Martin A.L., Aronstam R.S. Submitted (JUL-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Kidney. |
| [7] | "The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19." Grimwood J., Gordon L.A., Olsen A.S., Terry A., Schmutz J., Lamerdin J.E., Hellsten U., Goodstein D., Couronne O., Tran-Gyamfi M., Aerts A., Altherr M., Ashworth L., Bajorek E., Black S., Branscomb E., Caenepeel S., Carrano A.V. Lucas S.M.Nature 428:529-535(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT HIS-364. |
| [9] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT HIS-364. |
| [10] | "GPR54 and puberty." Colledge W.H. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 15:448-453(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW. |
| [11] | "Metastin suppresses the motility and growth of CHO cells transfected with its receptor." Hori A., Honda S., Asada M., Ohtaki T., Oda K., Watanabe T., Shintani Y., Yamada T., Suenaga M., Kitada C., Onda H., Kurokawa T., Nishimura O., Fujino M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 286:958-963(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN CELL MOBILITY AND GROWTH INHIBITION. |
| [12] | "Transcriptional expression of genes involved in cell invasion and migration by normal and tumoral trophoblast cells." Janneau J.-L., Maldonado-Estrada J., Tachdjian G., Miran I., Motte N., Saulnier P., Sabourin J.-C., Cote J.-F., Simon B., Frydman R., Chaouat G., Bellet D. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87:5336-5339(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT IN INVASION/MIGRATION OF TROPHOBLAST CELLS. |
| [13] | "Metastin receptor is overexpressed in papillary thyroid cancer and activates MAP kinase in thyroid cancer cells." Ringel M.D., Hardy E., Bernet V.J., Burch H.B., Schuppert F., Burman K.D., Saji M. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87:2399-2399(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN THYROID CANCER. |
| [14] | "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to loss of function of the KiSS1-derived peptide receptor GPR54." de Roux N., Genin E., Carel J.-C., Matsuda F., Chaussain J.-L., Milgrom E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:10972-10976(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN HH8. |
| [15] | "Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis for KiSS-1 and orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (hOT7T175) gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma." Ikeguchi M., Hirooka Y., Kaibara N. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 129:531-535(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. |
| [16] | "Clinical significance of the loss of KiSS-1 and orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (hOT7T175) gene expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma." Ikeguchi M., Yamaguchi K., Kaibara N. Clin. Cancer Res. 10:1379-1383(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT IN ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. |
| [17] | "Kisspeptin-10, a KiSS-1/metastin-derived decapeptide, is a physiological invasion inhibitor of primary human trophoblasts." Bilban M., Ghaffari-Tabrizi N., Hintermann E., Bauer S., Molzer S., Zoratti C., Malli R., Sharabi A., Hiden U., Graier W., Knoefler M., Andreae F., Wagner O., Quaranta V., Desoye G. J. Cell Sci. 117:1319-1328(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, ROLE IN THROPHOBLAST MIGRATION AND INVASION. |
| [18] | "Activation of GPR54 promotes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human tumor cells through a specific transcriptional program not shared by other G(q)-coupled receptors." Becker J.A.J., Mirjolet J.-F., Bernard J., Burgeon E., Simons M.-J., Vassart G., Parmentier M., Libert F. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 326:677-686(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF METASTASIS SUPPRESSOR PROPERTIES. |
| [19] | "Two novel missense mutations in G protein-coupled receptor 54 in a patient with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism." Semple R.K., Achermann J.C., Ellery J., Farooqi I.S., Karet F.E., Stanhope R.G., O'rahilly S., Aparicio S.A. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90:1849-1855(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS HH8 ARG-223 AND LEU-297, VARIANT HIS-364, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS HH8 ARG-223 AND LEU-297. |
| [20] | "Neuroendocrine phenotype analysis in five patients with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to a L102P inactivating mutation of GPR54." Tenenbaum-Rakover Y., Commenges-Ducos M., Iovane A., Aumas C., Admoni O., de Roux N. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92:1137-1144(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT HH8 PRO-102. |
| [21] | "A GPR54-activating mutation in a patient with central precocious puberty." Teles M.G., Bianco S.D.C., Brito V.N., Trarbach E.B., Kuohung W., Xu S., Seminara S.B., Mendonca B.B., Kaiser U.B., Latronico A.C. N. Engl. J. Med. 358:709-715(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT CENTRAL PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY PRO-386, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT CENTRAL PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY PRO-386. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| Protein Spotlight Tintin's blight - Issue 58 of May 2005 |
| GeneReviews |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AB051065 mRNA. Translation: BAB55446.1. AF343725 mRNA. Translation: AAK83235.1. AJ309020 mRNA. Translation: CAC40817.1. AY029541 mRNA. Translation: AAK33126.1. AY253981 mRNA. Translation: AAP82929.1. AY253982 mRNA. Translation: AAP82930.1. EU883577 mRNA. Translation: ACG60651.1. AC005379 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471139 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW69583.1. BC140825 mRNA. Translation: AAI40826.1. BC141812 mRNA. Translation: AAI41813.1. |
| IPI | IPI00099988. |
| RefSeq | NP_115940.2. NM_032551.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.208229. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q969F8. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000234371. |
Protein family/group databases | |
| GPCRDB | Search... |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 125987836. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q969F8. |
| PRIDE | Q969F8. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000234371; ENSP00000234371; ENSG00000116014. |
| GeneID | 84634. |
| KEGG | hsa:84634. |
| UCSC | uc002lqk.4. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 84634. |
| GeneCards | GC19P000917. |
| HGNC | HGNC:4510. KISS1R. |
| MIM | 176400. phenotype. 604161. gene. 614837. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q969F8. |
| Orphanet | 432. Normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. |
| PharmGKB | PA28899. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG296869. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000230487. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG106952. |
| InParanoid | Q969F8. |
| KO | K08374. |
| OMA | GSWHPRS. |
| OrthoDB | EOG483D51. |
| PhylomeDB | Q969F8. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Reactome | REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | Q969F8. |
| CleanEx | HS_KISS1R. |
| Genevestigator | Q969F8. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000116014. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR000276. GPCR_Rhodpsn. IPR017452. GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM. IPR008103. KiSS_1_rcpt. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00001. 7tm_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PRINTS | PR00237. GPCRRHODOPSN. PR01728. KISS1RECEPTR. |
| PROSITE | PS00237. G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_1. False negative. PS50262. G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | Q969F8. |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL5413. |
| GenomeRNAi | 84634. |
| NextBio | 74561. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | KISSR_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q969F8 Secondary accession number(s): A5D8U2, B2RTV1, Q96QG0 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| 7-transmembrane G-linked receptors List of 7-transmembrane G-linked receptor entries |
| Human chromosome 19 Human chromosome 19: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |
| Protein Spotlight Protein Spotlight articles and cited UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries |

Clusters with
