Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q94ID7 (GGPPS_HEVBR)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase, chloroplastic
      Short name=GGPP synthetase
Including the following 3 domains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Dimethylallyltranstransferase
              EC=2.5.1.1
    2- Recommended name:
            Geranyltranstransferase
              EC=2.5.1.10
    3- Recommended name:
            Farnesyltranstransferase
              EC=2.5.1.29

Gene names

Name:	GGPS
Synonyms:	GG, GGPPS1

Organism

Hevea brasiliensis (Para rubber tree)

Taxonomic identifier

3981 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids I › Malpighiales › Euphorbiaceae › Crotonoideae › Micrandreae › Hevea

Protein attributes

Sequence length	370 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes the trans-addition of the three molecules of IPP onto DMAPP to form geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate.
Catalytic activity	Dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate. Geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate. Trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
Pathway	Isoprenoid biosynthesis; farnesyl-PP biosynthesis; farnesyl-PP from geranyl-PP and isopentenyl-PP: step 1/1. Isoprenoid biosynthesis; geranyl-PP biosynthesis; geranyl-PP from dimethylallyl-PP and isopentenyl-PP: step 1/1. Isoprenoid biosynthesis; geranylgeranyl-PP biosynthesis; geranylgeranyl-PP from farnesyl-PP and isopentenyl-PP: step 1/1.
Subunit structure	Monomer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast Potential.
Tissue specificity	Higher expression in leaves and flowers than in latex and petioles. Ref.1
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthetase family.
biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: KM=11.5 µM for DMAPP KM=2.34 µM for GPP KM=6.78 µM for FPP KM=24.08 µM for IPP Vmax=123 nmol/min/mg enzyme with FPP as substrate pH dependence: Optimum pH is 8.5. Temperature dependence: Optimum temperature is 40 degrees Celsius.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Carotenoid biosynthesis Isoprene biosynthesis
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Molecular function	Transferase
Technical term	Multifunctional enzyme
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	carotenoid biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	chloroplast Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	dimethylallyltranstransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC farnesyltranstransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC geranyltranstransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 42	42	Chloroplast Potential
	Chain	43 – 370	328	Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase, chloroplastic		PRO_0000045407
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	287	1	D → G in BAB16691. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q94ID7-1 [UniParc]. Last modified December 1, 2001. Version 1. Checksum: F50B10649CE2276E	FASTA	370	40,096
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSSVNLGSWV HTSYVLNQAT RSRSKSKSFS LPFNPLKSLA ISFAYRKSER PISSVSAIIT 70 80 90 100 110 120 KEEETLQEEQ NNPPPSFDFK SYMLQKGNSI NQALEAAIPL QEPAKIHESM RYSLLAGGKR 130 140 150 160 170 180 VRPALCLAAC ELVGGNDSMA MPAACAVEMI HTMSLIHDDL PCMDNDDLRR GKPTNHIVFG 190 200 210 220 230 240 EDVAVLAGDA LLAFAFEHIA VSTLNVSSAR IVRAVGELAK AIGAEGLVAG QVVDINSEGS 250 260 270 280 290 300 SEVDLEKLEF IHIHKTAKLL EGAVVLGAIL GGGTDEEVEK LRKYARDIGL LFQVVDDILD 310 320 330 340 350 360 VTKSSQELGK TAGKDLVADK VTYPKLLGIE KSREFAEKLN KEAQEQLAGF DPEKAAPLIA 370 LANYIAHRQN

References

[1]

"Cloning, expression and characterization of a functional cDNA clone encoding geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase of Hevea brasiliensis." Takaya A., Zhang Y.-W., Asawatreratanakul K., Wititsuwannakul D., Wititsuwannakul R., Takahashi S., Koyama T. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1625:214-220(2003) [PubMed: 12531482] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES.

[2]

"Prenyltransferase of Hevea brasiliensis." Bamba T., Nishikawa T., Fukusaki E., Kobayashi A. Submitted (APR-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 165-291.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AB055496 mRNA. Translation: BAB60678.1. AB041630 mRNA. Translation: BAB16691.1.
3D structure databases
SMR	Q94ID7. Positions 81-365.
ModBase	Search...
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	MetaCyc:MON-11666.
BRENDA	2.5.1.1. 2218. 2.5.1.10. 2218. 2.5.1.29. 2218.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000092. Polyprenyl_synt. IPR017446. Polyprenyl_synth-rel. IPR008949. Terpenoid_synth. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.600.10. Terpenoid_synth. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR12001. Polyprenyl_synt. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00348. polyprenyl_synt. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00723. POLYPRENYL_SYNTHET_1. 1 hit. PS00444. POLYPRENYL_SYNTHET_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GGPPS_HEVBR

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q94ID7
Secondary accession number(s): Q9FXR5

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	January 10, 2006
Last sequence update:	December 1, 2001
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 37 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)