Q92786 (PROX1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Prospero homeobox protein 1

Alternative name(s):
Homeobox prospero-like protein PROX1
Short name=PROX-1

Gene names

Name:

PROX1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	737 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	May play a fundamental role in early development of CNS. May regulate gene expression and development of postmitotic undifferentiated young neurons By similarity.
Subcellular location	Nucleus Probable.
Tissue specificity	Most actively expressed in the developing lens. Detected also in embryonic brain, lung, liver and kidney. In adult, it is more abundant in heart and liver than in brain, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the Prospero homeobox family. Contains 1 Prospero-type homeobox DNA-binding domain.
Sequence caution	The sequence CAI15309.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Transcription Transcription regulation
Cellular component	Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Homeobox
Ligand	DNA-binding
Molecular function	Developmental protein
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL cell fate determination Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cerebellar granule cell differentiation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL dentate gyrus development Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL dorsal spinal cord development Inferred from sequence or structural similarity PubMed 11789987. Source: BHF-UCL embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 12692551. Source: BHF-UCL endocardium formation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL hepatocyte cell migration Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara hepatocyte differentiation Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 15232737. Source: BHF-UCL hepatocyte proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara kidney development Inferred from expression pattern Ref.1. Source: BHF-UCL lens fiber cell morphogenesis Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 11850194. Source: BHF-UCL lung development Inferred from expression pattern Ref.1. Source: BHF-UCL lymphangiogenesis Inferred from direct assay PubMed 12412020. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 16488887. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of cell proliferation Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17062673. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 15205472PubMed 16488887. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from direct assay PubMed 15205472. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of viral genome replication Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19264593. Source: BHF-UCL neural tube development Inferred from sequence or structural similarity PubMed 11789987. Source: BHF-UCL neuronal stem cell maintenance Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL olfactory placode formation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity PubMed 11789987. Source: BHF-UCL optic placode formation involved in camera-type eye formation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity PubMed 11850194. Source: BHF-UCL otic placode formation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity PubMed 11789987. Source: BHF-UCL pancreas development Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 11789987. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of S phase of mitotic cell cycle Inferred from direct assay PubMed 12198161. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19210544. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of endothelial cell migration Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19210544. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19210544. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of heart growth Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of sarcomere organization Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 18815287. Source: BHF-UCL regulation of transcription involved in lymphatic endothelial cell fate commitment Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 18815287. Source: BHF-UCL response to nutrient levels Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara skeletal muscle thin filament assembly Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL venous blood vessel morphogenesis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL ventricular cardiac myofibril development Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL ventricular septum morphogenesis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL
Cellular_component	cytoplasm Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11850194. Source: BHF-UCL nucleus Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11850194PubMed 15143342PubMed 15205472PubMed 19210544. Source: BHF-UCL
Molecular_function	RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL sequence-specific DNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara transcription corepressor activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 15143342PubMed 15205472PubMed 16488887PubMed 19264593. Source: BHF-UCL transcription regulatory region DNA binding Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19210544. Source: BHF-UCL
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
CTBP2	P56545	2	EBI-3912635,EBI-741533

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 737

737

Prospero homeobox protein 1

PRO_0000208880

Regions

DNA binding

573 – 635

63

Prospero-type homeobox

Region

636 – 737

102

Prospero-like

Compositional bias

215 – 219

5

Poly-Gln

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

177

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Modified residue

179

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Modified residue

291

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Modified residue

511

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Modified residue

514

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Modified residue

650

1

Phosphothreonine By similarity

Natural variations

Natural variant

584

1

H → R.
Corresponds to variant rs12121210 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_049362

Experimental info

Sequence conflict

251 – 253

3

RQL → LHV in AAC50656. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

455 – 457

3

PAA → LV in AAC50656. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

724

1

I → F in AAC50656. Ref.1

Secondary structure

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

737

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

582 – 592

11

Helix

599 – 606

8

Helix

614 – 645

32

Helix

650 – 652

3

Beta strand

653 – 656

4

Helix

660 – 669

10

Helix

679 – 698

20

Helix

705 – 715

11

Helix

728 – 730

3

Helix

732 – 734

3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q92786 [UniParc]. Last modified September 13, 2005. Version 2. Checksum: D243CEB421B313CA	FASTA	737	83,203
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPDHDSTALL SRQTKRRRVD IGVKRTVGTA SAFFAKARAT FFSAMNPQGS EQDVEYSVVQ 70 80 90 100 110 120 HADGEKSNVL RKLLKRANSY EDAMMPFPGA TIISQLLKNN MNKNGGTEPS FQASGLSSTG 130 140 150 160 170 180 SEVHQEDICS NSSRDSPPEC LSPFGRPTMS QFDMDRLCDE HLRAKRARVE NIIRGMSHSP 190 200 210 220 230 240 SVALRGNENE REMAPQSVSP RESYRENKRK QKLPQQQQQS FQQLVSARKE QKREERRQLK 250 260 270 280 290 300 QQLEDMQKQL RQLQEKFYQI YDSTDSENDE DGNLSEDSMR SEILDARAQD SVGRSDNEMC 310 320 330 340 350 360 ELDPGQFIDR ARALIREQEM AENKPKREGN NKERDHGPNS LQPEGKHLAE TLKQELNTAM 370 380 390 400 410 420 SQVVDTVVKV FSAKPSRQVP QVFPPLQIPQ ARFAVNGENH NFHTANQRLQ CFGDVIIPNP 430 440 450 460 470 480 LDTFGNVQMA SSTDQTEALP LVVRKNSSDQ SASGPAAGGH HQPLHQSPLS ATTGFTTSTF 490 500 510 520 530 540 RHPFPLPLMA YPFQSPLGAP SGSFSGKDRA SPESLDLTRD TTSLRTKMSS HHLSHHPCSP 550 560 570 580 590 600 AHPPSTAEGL SLSLIKSECG DLQDMSEISP YSGSAMQEGL SPNHLKKAKL MFFYTRYPSS 610 620 630 640 650 660 NMLKTYFSDV KFNRCITSQL IKWFSNFREF YYIQMEKYAR QAINDGVTST EELSITRDCE 670 680 690 700 710 720 LYRALNMHYN KANDFEVPER FLEVAQITLR EFFNAIIAGK DVDPSWKKAI YKVICKLDSE 730 VPEIFKSPNC LQELLHE

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Structure and chromosomal localization of the human homeobox gene Prox 1." Zinovieva R.D., Duncan M.K., Johnson T.R., Torres R., Polymeropoulos M.H., Tomarev S.I. Genomics 35:517-522(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Embryonic brain.
[2]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[3]	"The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. , Atkinson A., Cooper R., Jones C., Hall R.E., Andrews T.D., Lloyd C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Anderson F., Andrew R.W., Ashwell R.I.S., Aubin K., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Beasley H., Bethel G., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown J.Y., Brown A.J., Buckley D., Burton J., Bye J., Carder C., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Davies J., Deadman R., Dunn M., Earthrowl M., Ellington A.G., Errington H., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gay L., Ghori M.R.J., Gibson R., Gilby L.M., Gillett W., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R., Hammond S., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E., Haugen E., Heath P.D., Holmes S., Holt K., Howden P.J., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Hunter G., Isherwood J., James R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A., Kay M., Kershaw J.K., Kibukawa M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A.J., Lad H., Laird G., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., Lush M.J., Lyne R., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Matthews N.S.W., McLaren S., Milne S., Mistry S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., O'Dell C.N., Oliver K., Palmeiri A., Palmer S.A., Parker A., Patel D., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phelps K., Phillimore B.J., Plumb R., Rajan J., Raymond C., Rouse G., Saenphimmachak C., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C., Subramanian S., Sycamore N., Tracey A., Tromans A., Van Helmond Z., Wall M., Wallis J.M., White S., Whitehead S.L., Wilkinson J.E., Willey D.L., Williams H., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wu Z., Coulson A., Vaudin M., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Wooster R., Dunham I., Carter N.P., McVean G., Ross M.T., Harrow J., Olson M.V., Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R. Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Muscle.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

U44060 mRNA. Translation: AAC50656.1.
AK290176 mRNA. Translation: BAF82865.1.
AL606537, AC011700 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI15309.1. Sequence problems.
CH471100 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW93360.1.
BC024201 mRNA. Translation: AAH24201.1.

IPI

IPI00152167.

RefSeq

NP_001257545.1. NM_001270616.1.
NP_002754.2. NM_002763.4.

UniGene

Hs.740470.
Hs.741808.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
2LMD	NMR	-	A	575-737	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

Q92786.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

IntAct

Q92786. 4 interactions.

MINT

MINT-2813285.

STRING

9606.ENSP00000261454.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

Q92786.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

85702224.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

Q92786.

PRIDE

Q92786.

Protocols and materials databases

DNASU

5629.

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000261454; ENSP00000261454; ENSG00000117707.
ENST00000435016; ENSP00000400694; ENSG00000117707.
ENST00000498508; ENSP00000420283; ENSG00000117707.

GeneID

5629.

KEGG

hsa:5629.

UCSC

uc001hkg.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

5629.

GeneCards

GC01P214156.

HGNC

HGNC:9459. PROX1.

MIM

601546. gene.

neXtProt

NX_Q92786.

PharmGKB

PA33812.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

NOG323972.

HOGENOM

HOG000115708.

HOVERGEN

HBG053693.

OMA

FGNVQMP.

OrthoDB

EOG418BMZ.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

Q92786.

Bgee

Q92786.

CleanEx

HS_PROX1.

Genevestigator

Q92786.

GermOnline

ENSG00000117707. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D

1.10.10.500. 1 hit.

InterPro

IPR023082. Homeo_prospero_dom.
IPR009057. Homeodomain-like.
IPR007738. Prox1.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR12198. PTHR12198. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF05044. Prox1. 2 hits.
[Graphical view]

SUPFAM

SSF46689. Homeodomain_like. 1 hit.

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

GenomeRNAi

5629.

NextBio

21878.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PROX1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q92786
Secondary accession number(s): A6NK29 , A8K2B1, Q5SW76, Q8TB91

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1998
Last sequence update:	September 13, 2005
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 111 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.