Q91XR8 (GPX42_RAT) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, nuclear
EC=1.11.1.12

Alternative name(s):
Glutathione peroxidase 4
Short name=GPx-4
Short name=GSHPx-4

Gene names

Name:

Gpx4

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat)

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	253 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides. Essential for embryonic development. Protects from radiation and oxidative damage. Stabilizes the condensed chromatin in sperm nuclei and is necessary male fertility By similarity. UniProtKB O70325 UniProtKB P36970
Catalytic activity	2 glutathione + a lipid hydroperoxide = glutathione disulfide + lipid + 2 H2O.
Subcellular location	Nucleus Ref.3.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Selenocysteine
Molecular function	Developmental protein Oxidoreductase Peroxidase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	aging Inferred from expression pattern. Source: RGD chromatin organization Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB glutathione metabolic process Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD hydrogen peroxide catabolic process Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD multicellular organismal development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW regulation of inflammatory response Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: RGD response to estradiol stimulus Inferred from expression pattern. Source: RGD spermatogenesis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	nucleus Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB soluble fraction Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD
Molecular function	glutathione binding Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD glutathione peroxidase activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD selenium binding Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform Nuclear Ref.3 (identifier: Q91XR8-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform Mitochondrial (identifier: P36970-1)

The sequence of this isoform can be found in the external entry P36970.
Isoforms of the same protein are often annotated in two different entries if their sequences differ significantly.

Isoform Cytoplasmic (identifier: P36970-2)

The sequence of this isoform can be found in the external entry P36970.
Isoforms of the same protein are often annotated in two different entries if their sequences differ significantly.

Note: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-28 of isoform Mitochondrial.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 253	253	Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, nuclear		PRO_0000066626
Sites
	Active site	129	1
Amino acid modifications
	Non-standard residue	129	1	Selenocysteine
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	9 – 14	6	RGRCRQ → PGRQCAGIRPYGP in AAK74113. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	101	1	A → S in CAD61278. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	192	1	N → S in AAS76675. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform Nuclear [UniParc]. Last modified February 26, 2008. Version 3. Checksum: D108602E22DAD29A	FASTA	253	29,335
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGRAAARKRG RCRQRGRSPG GRRRREPGRQ SPRKRPGPRR RRARARRRRR ARPRRMEPIP 70 80 90 100 110 120 EPFNPRPLLQ DLPQTSNSHE FLGLCASRDD WRCARSMHEF AAKDIDGHMV CLDKYRGCVC 130 140 150 160 170 180 IVTNVASQUG KTDVNYTQLV DLHARYAECG LRILAFPCNQ FGRQEPGSNQ EIKEFAAGYN 190 200 210 220 230 240 VRFDMYSKIC VNGDDAHPLW KWMKVQPKGR GMLGNAIKWN FTKFLIDKNG CVVKRYGPME 250 EPQVIEKDLP CYL
	Isoform Mitochondrial [UniParc]. See P36970.		–	–
	Isoform Cytoplasmic [UniParc]. See P36970.		–	–

References

[1]	"Distinct promoters determine alternative transcription of gpx-4 into PHGPx variants." Maiorino M., Scapin M., Ursini F., Biasolo M., Bosello V., Flohe L. Submitted (JAN-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Wistar.
[2]	"Cloning of cDNA of rat phospholipid hydroperoxide/sperm nucleus glutathione peroxidase." Tramer F., Vetere A., Martinelli M., Paroni F., Marsich E., Sandri G., Panfili E. Submitted (MAR-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Wistar.
[3]	"Identification of a specific sperm nuclei selenoenzyme necessary for protamine thiol cross-linking during sperm maturation." Pfeifer H., Conrad M., Roethlein D., Kyriakopoulos A., Brielmeier M., Bornkamm G.W., Behne D. FASEB J. 15:1236-1238(2001) [PubMed: 11344099] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-250, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. Tissue: Testis.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AJ537598 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAD61278.1. AY570513 mRNA. Translation: AAS76675.1. AF274028 mRNA. Translation: AAK74113.1.
IPI	IPI00208098.
RefSeq	NP_001034938.1. NM_001039849.1.
UniGene	Rn.3647.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q91XR8.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	Q91XR8.
Protein family/group databases
PeroxiBase	3813. RnoGPx04-c.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q91XR8.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	29328.
KEGG	rno:29328.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	2879.
RGD	69226. Gpx4.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	HBG004333.
PhylomeDB	Q91XR8.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	Q91XR8.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000889. Glutathione_peroxidase. IPR012336. Thioredoxin-like_fold. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.30.10. Thioredoxin_fold. 1 hit.
KO	K05361.
PANTHER	PTHR11592. Glut_peroxidase. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00255. GSHPx. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01011. GLUTPROXDASE.
SUPFAM	SSF52833. Thiordxn-like_fd. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00460. GLUTATHIONE_PEROXID_1. 1 hit. PS00763. GLUTATHIONE_PEROXID_2. 1 hit. PS51355. GLUTATHIONE_PEROXID_3. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	608793.

Entry information

Entry name

GPX42_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q91XR8
Secondary accession number(s): Q6PZ55

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 23, 2003
Last sequence update:	February 26, 2008
Last modified:	November 16, 2011
This is version 71 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program