Q91713 (CHRD_XENLA) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Chordin

Alternative name(s):
Organizer-specific secreted-dorsalizing factor

Gene names

Name:

chrd

Organism

Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)

Taxonomic identifier

8355 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amphibia › Batrachia › Anura › Pipoidea › Pipidae › Xenopodinae › Xenopus › Xenopus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	941 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Potent dorsalizing factor. Has potent axis-forming activities including the ability to recruit neighboring cells into secondary axes. Regulates cell-cell interactions in the organizing centers of head, trunk and tail development. Ref.1
Subunit structure	Interacts with twsg1 and/or bmp4. Interacts with olfml3/ont1. Ref.5 Ref.6
Subcellular location	Secreted By similarity.
Tissue specificity	First expressed at stage 9.5 in the dorsal marginal zone. Localized to the dorsal lip of the blastopore (Spemann organizer) during early gastrulation, after which expression continues in tissues derived from the organizer. Expressed in the prechordal plate (head mesoderm) and notochord during early neurulation (stage 13), transiently in the forebrain, tailbud hinge and posterior notochord in the early tailbud (stage 26), the chordoneural hinge in the late tailbud (stage 33) and finally the tip of the tail in the tadpole (stage 42). Ref.1
Induction	By activin in the presence of de novo protein synthesis, and by gsc and not2. Ref.1 Ref.3
Post-translational modification	Cleaved by bmp1; cleavage participates in dorsoventral patterning during early development. Cleavage by bmp1 is enhanced by the interaction with olfml3/ont1.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the chordin family. Contains 4 CHRD domains. Contains 4 VWFC domains.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Repeat Signal
Molecular function	Developmental protein
PTM	Glycoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	axis specification Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB chordate embryonic development Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17106888. Source: UniProtKB post-anal tail morphogenesis Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB pronephros development Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17106888. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	extracellular region Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	heparin binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB syndecan binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
olfml3	B5MFE9	6	EBI-1997746,EBI-1997734
tll1	Q8JI28	2	EBI-1997746,EBI-1997794

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 19	19	Potential
	Chain	20 – 941	922	Chordin		PRO_0000005367
Regions
	Domain	41 – 117	77	VWFC 1
	Domain	161 – 279	119	CHRD 1
	Domain	281 – 401	121	CHRD 2
	Domain	402 – 522	121	CHRD 3
	Domain	528 – 655	128	CHRD 4
	Domain	691 – 751	61	VWFC 2
	Domain	769 – 838	70	VWFC 3
	Domain	857 – 919	63	VWFC 4
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	244	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	350	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	433	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	735	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	110	1	L → G in AAH77767. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	839	1	Missing in AAH77767. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q91713 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 7D1C3262064C7323	FASTA	941	104,947
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MQCPPILLVW TLWIMAVDCS RPKVFLPIQP EQEPLQSKTP AGCTFGGKFY SLEDSWHPDL 70 80 90 100 110 120 GEPFGVMHCV LCYCEPQRSR RGKPSGKVSC KNIKHDCPSP SCANPILLPL HCCKTCPKAP 130 140 150 160 170 180 PPPIKKSDFV FDGFEYFQEK DDDLYNDRSY LSSDDVAVEE SRSEYVALLT APSHVWPPVT 190 200 210 220 230 240 SGVAKARFNL QRSNLLFSIT YKWIDRLSRI RFSDLDGSVL FEHPVHRMGS PRDDTICGIW 250 260 270 280 290 300 RSLNRSTLRL LRMGHILVSL VTTTLSEPEI SGKIVKHKAL FSESFSALLT PEDSDETGGG 310 320 330 340 350 360 GLAMLTLSDV DDNLHFILML RGLSGEEGDQ IPILVQISHQ NHVIRELYAN ISAQEQDFAE 370 380 390 400 410 420 VLPDLSSREM LWLAQGQLEI SVQTEGRRPQ SMSGIITVRK SCDTLQSVLS GGDALNPTKT 430 440 450 460 470 480 GAVGSASITL HENGTLEYQI QIAGTMSTVT AVTLETKPRR KTKRNILHDM SKDYHDGRVW 490 500 510 520 530 540 GYWIDANARD LHMLLQSELF LNVATKDFQE GELRGQITPL LYSGLWARYE KLPVPLAGQF 550 560 570 580 590 600 VSPPIRTGSA GHAWVSLDEH CHLHYQIVVT GLGKAEDAAL NAHLHGFAEL GEVGESSPGH 610 620 630 640 650 660 KRLLKGFYGS EAQGSVKDLD LELLGHLSRG TAFIQVSTKL NPRGEIRGQI HIPNSCESGG 670 680 690 700 710 720 VSLTPEEPEY EYEIYEEGRQ RDPDDLRKDP RACSFEGQLR AHGSRWAPDY DRKCSVCSCQ 730 740 750 760 770 780 KRTVICDPIV CPPLNCSQPV HLPDQCCPVC EEKKEMREVK KPERARTSEG CFFDGDRSWK 790 800 810 820 830 840 AAGTRWHPFV PPFGLIKCAI CTCKGSTGEV HCEKVTCPKL SCTNPIRANP SDCCKQCPVE 850 860 870 880 890 900 ERSPMELADS MQSDGAGSCR FGRHWYPNHE RWHPTVPPFG EMKCVTCTCA EGITQCRRQE 910 920 930 940 CTGTTCGTGS KRDRCCTKCK DANQDEDEKV KSDETRTPWS F

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Xenopus chordin: a novel dorsalizing factor activated by organizer-specific homeobox genes." Sasai Y., Lu B., Steinbeisser H., Geissert D., Gont L.K., De Robertis E.M. Cell 79:779-790(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION. Tissue: Dorsal lip.
[2]	NIH - Xenopus Gene Collection (XGC) project Submitted (JUL-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Embryo.
[3]	"Overexpression of the homeobox gene Xnot-2 leads to notochord formation in Xenopus." Gont L.K., Fainsod A., Kim S.-H., De Robertis E.M. Dev. Biol. 174:174-178(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION.
[4]	"Is chordin a long-range- or short-range-acting factor? Roles for BMP1-related metalloproteases in chordin and BMP4 autofeedback loop regulation." Blitz I.L., Shimmi O., Wuennenberg-Stapleton K., O'Connor M.B., Cho K.W.Y. Dev. Biol. 223:120-138(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: CLEAVAGE.
[5]	"The evolutionarily conserved BMP-binding protein Twisted gastrulation promotes BMP signalling." Oelgeschlager M., Larrain J., Geissert D., De Robertis E.M. Nature 405:757-763(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH TWSG1 AND BMP4.
[6]	"Robust stability of the embryonic axial pattern requires a secreted scaffold for chordin degradation." Inomata H., Haraguchi T., Sasai Y. Cell 134:854-865(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH OLFML3.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	L35764 mRNA. Translation: AAC42222.1. BC077767 mRNA. Translation: AAH77767.1.
PIR	A55195.
RefSeq	NP_001081778.1. NM_001088309.1.
UniGene	Xl.3549.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q91713.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q91713. 4 interactions.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	398045.
KEGG	xla:398045.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	8646.
Xenbase	XB-GENE-865395. chrd.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	HBG005330.
KO	K04657.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR016353. Chordin. IPR010895. CHRD. IPR001007. VWF_C. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF07452. CHRD. 4 hits. PF00093. VWC. 3 hits. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF002496. Chordin. 1 hit.
SMART	SM00754. CHRD. 4 hits. SM00214. VWC. 4 hits. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50933. CHRD. 4 hits. PS01208. VWFC_1. 2 hits. PS50184. VWFC_2. 3 hits. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CHRD_XENLA

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q91713
Secondary accession number(s): Q6DD60

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1997
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1996
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 72 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program