Q8WWM9 (CYGB_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Cytoglobin

Alternative name(s):
Histoglobin
Short name=HGb
Stellate cell activation-associated protein

Gene names

Name:	CYGB
Synonyms:	STAP

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	190 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	May have a protective function during conditions of oxidative stress. May be involved in intracellular oxygen storage or transfer.
Subunit structure	Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Ref.10
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Ubiquitously expressed. Highest expression in heart, stomach, bladder and small intestine. Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the globin family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Oxygen transport Transport
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Ligand	Heme Iron Metal-binding
PTM	Disulfide bond
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	response to oxidative stress Inferred from sequence or structural similarity PubMed 11320098. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell neuron projection Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara neuronal cell body Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Molecular_function	heme binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro iron ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxygen binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxygen transporter activity Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB peroxidase activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity PubMed 11320098. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 190

190

Cytoglobin

PRO_0000053384

Regions

Region

17 – 167

151

Globin

Sites

Metal binding

81

1

Iron (heme distal ligand) By similarity

Metal binding

113

1

Iron (heme proximal ligand) By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Disulfide bond

38

Interchain (with C-83) Ref.10

Disulfide bond

83

Interchain (with C-38) Ref.10

Experimental info

Sequence conflict

37

1

N → S in AAH29798. Ref.5

Secondary structure

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

190

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

21 – 35

15

Helix

38 – 52

15

Helix

54 – 59

6

Turn

61 – 65

5

Helix

69 – 72

4

Helix

76 – 94

19

Turn

95 – 97

3

Helix

99 – 115

17

Helix

121 – 138

18

Helix

140 – 142

3

Helix

145 – 168

24

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q8WWM9 [UniParc]. Last modified March 1, 2002. Version 1. Checksum: B5D7F9976D0BA118	FASTA	190	21,405
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MEKVPGEMEI ERRERSEELS EAERKAVQAM WARLYANCED VGVAILVRFF VNFPSAKQYF 70 80 90 100 110 120 SQFKHMEDPL EMERSPQLRK HACRVMGALN TVVENLHDPD KVSSVLALVG KAHALKHKVE 130 140 150 160 170 180 PVYFKILSGV ILEVVAEEFA SDFPPETQRA WAKLRGLIYS HVTAAYKEVG WVQQVPNATT 190 PPATLPSSGP

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cytoglobin: a novel globin type ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues." Burmester T., Ebner B., Weich B., Hankeln T. Mol. Biol. Evol. 19:416-421(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[2]	"Characterization of human stellate cell activation-associated protein and its expression in human liver." Asahina K., Kawada N., Kristensen D.B., Nakatani K., Seki S., Shiokawa M., Tateno C., Obara M., Yoshizato K. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1577:471-475(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Heart.
[3]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Kidney.
[4]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[6]	"A ubiquitously expressed human hexacoordinate hemoglobin." Trent J.T. III, Hargrove M.S. J. Biol. Chem. 277:19538-19545(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"Mapping protein matrix cavities in human cytoglobin through Xe atom binding." de Sanctis D., Dewilde S., Pesce A., Moens L., Ascenzi P., Hankeln T., Burmester T., Bolognesi M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 316:1217-1221(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.4 ANGSTROMS).
[8]	"Crystal structure of cytoglobin: the fourth globin type discovered in man displays heme hexa-coordination." de Sanctis D., Dewilde S., Pesce A., Moens L., Ascenzi P., Hankeln T., Burmester T., Bolognesi M. J. Mol. Biol. 336:917-927(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.1 ANGSTROMS).
[9]	"Structural basis of human cytoglobin for ligand binding." Sugimoto H., Makino M., Sawai H., Kawada N., Yoshizato K., Shiro Y. J. Mol. Biol. 339:873-885(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.4 ANGSTROMS).
[10]	"High-resolution structure of human cytoglobin: identification of extra N-and C-termini and a new dimerization mode." Makino M., Sugimoto H., Sawai H., Kawada N., Yoshizato K., Shiro Y. Acta Crystallogr. D 62:671-677(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.68 ANGSTROMS), SUBUNIT, DISULFIDE BONDS.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

AJ315162 mRNA. Translation: CAC86186.1.
AB057769 mRNA. Translation: BAB87840.1.
AK098057 mRNA. Translation: BAC05223.1.
CH471099 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW89406.1.
BC029798 mRNA. Translation: AAH29798.1.

IPI

IPI00103373.

RefSeq

NP_599030.1. NM_134268.4.

UniGene

Hs.95120.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1UMO	X-ray	2.59	A/B	1-190	[»]
1URV	X-ray	2.00	A/B	1-190	[»]
1URY	X-ray	2.40	A/B	1-190	[»]
1UT0	X-ray	2.10	A/B	1-190	[»]
1UX9	X-ray	2.40	A/B	1-190	[»]
1V5H	X-ray	2.40	A	1-190	[»]
2DC3	X-ray	1.68	A/B	1-190	[»]
3AG0	X-ray	2.60	A	1-190	[»]
4B3W	X-ray	2.80	A/B	1-190	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

Q8WWM9.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

IntAct

Q8WWM9. 1 interaction.

STRING

9606.ENSP00000293230.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

Q8WWM9.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

21263504.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

Q8WWM9.

PRIDE

Q8WWM9.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000293230; ENSP00000293230; ENSG00000161544.

GeneID

114757.

KEGG

hsa:114757.

UCSC

uc002jru.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

114757.

GeneCards

GC17M074523.

HGNC

HGNC:16505. CYGB.

HPA

HPA017757.

MIM

608759. gene.

neXtProt

NX_Q8WWM9.

PharmGKB

PA27080.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

NOG278586.

HOGENOM

HOG000112127.

HOVERGEN

HBG100250.

InParanoid

Q8WWM9.

OMA

AYKEVGW.

OrthoDB

EOG47WNPT.

PhylomeDB

Q8WWM9.

Gene expression databases

Bgee

Q8WWM9.

CleanEx

HS_CYGB.

Genevestigator

Q8WWM9.

GermOnline

ENSG00000161544. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D

1.10.490.10. 1 hit.

InterPro

IPR000971. Globin.
IPR009050. Globin-like.
IPR012292. Globin_dom.
IPR013314. Globin_lamprey/hagfish.
[Graphical view]

Pfam

PF00042. Globin. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PRINTS

PR01906. FISHGLOBIN.

SUPFAM

SSF46458. Globin_like. 1 hit.

PROSITE

PS01033. GLOBIN. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

EvolutionaryTrace

Q8WWM9.

GenomeRNAi

114757.

NextBio

79123.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CYGB_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8WWM9
Secondary accession number(s): Q541Y7, Q8N2X5

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 27, 2002
Last sequence update:	March 1, 2002
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 106 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.