Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q8TCU4 (ALMS1_HUMAN)
Last modified
November 24, 2009.
Version 57.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (4) |
Third-party data |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Alstrom syndrome protein 1 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 4167 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is not processed. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Possible role in intracellular trafficking By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › centrosome. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › cilium basal body. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › spindle pole. Note: Associated with centrosomes and basal body at the base of primary cilia. During mitosis localizes to both spindle poles. Ref.7 Ref.8 |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in all tissues tested including adipose and pancreas. Expressed by beta-cells of the islets in the pancreas (at protein level). Ref.1 Ref.6 |
| Developmental stage | Widely expressed in fetal tissues. Detected in fetal pancreas, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney and brain (at protein level). Expressed in fetal aorta and brain. Ref.1 Ref.6 |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. Ref.9 |
| Involvement in disease | Defects in ALMS1 are the cause of Alstrom syndrome (ALMS) [MIM:203800]. Alstrom syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive cone-rod retinal dystrophy, neurosensory hearing loss, early childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dilated cardiomyopathy, acanthosis nigricans, male hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, developmental delay and hepatic dysfunction can also be associated with the syndrome. |
Ontologies
| Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Biological process | Sensory transduction Vision |
| Cellular component | Cell projection Cilium Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton |
| Coding sequence diversity | Alternative splicing Polymorphism |
| Disease | Cone-rod dystrophy Deafness Diabetes mellitus Obesity |
| Domain | Repeat |
| PTM | Phosphoprotein |
| Technical term | Complete proteome |
| Gene Ontology (GO) | |
| Biological process | response to stimulus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW visual perceptionInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW |
| Cellular component | centrosome Ref.8 Inferred from direct assay. Source: MGI ciliumInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cytosolInferred from Experiment. Source: Reactome microtubule basal bodyInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell |
| Complete GO annotation... | |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q8TCU4-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q8TCU4-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 4121-4167: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q8TCU4-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 3850-3858: ANHVISSDS → HGYRFHLAM 3859-4167: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 4167 | 4167 | Alstrom syndrome protein 1 | PRO_0000225592 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Repeat | 538 – 584 | 47 | 1 | ||||||
| Repeat | 585 – 631 | 47 | 2 | ||||||
| Repeat | 632 – 678 | 47 | 3 | ||||||
| Repeat | 679 – 725 | 47 | 4 | ||||||
| Repeat | 726 – 773 | 48 | 5 | ||||||
| Repeat | 774 – 820 | 47 | 6 | ||||||
| Repeat | 821 – 870 | 50 | 7 | ||||||
| Repeat | 871 – 917 | 47 | 8 | ||||||
| Repeat | 918 – 964 | 47 | 9 | ||||||
| Repeat | 965 – 1012 | 48 | 10 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1013 – 1059 | 47 | 11 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1060 – 1106 | 47 | 12 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1107 – 1154 | 48 | 13 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1155 – 1201 | 47 | 14 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1202 – 1248 | 47 | 15 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1249 – 1296 | 48 | 16 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1297 – 1343 | 47 | 17 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1344 – 1391 | 48 | 18 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1392 – 1438 | 47 | 19 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1439 – 1485 | 47 | 20 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1486 – 1533 | 48 | 21 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1534 – 1580 | 47 | 22 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1581 – 1627 | 47 | 23 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1628 – 1674 | 47 | 24 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1675 – 1721 | 47 | 25 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1722 – 1768 | 47 | 26 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1769 – 1815 | 47 | 27 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1816 – 1860 | 45 | 28 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1861 – 1905 | 45 | 29 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1906 – 1950 | 45 | 30 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1951 – 1998 | 48 | 31 | ||||||
| Repeat | 2059 – 2104 | 46 | 32 | ||||||
| Repeat | 2105 – 2151 | 47 | 33 | ||||||
| Repeat | 2152 – 2199 | 48 | 34 | ||||||
| Region | 538 – 2199 | 1662 | 34 X 47 AA approximate tandem repeat | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 2 – 75 | 74 | Glu-rich | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 2779 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 3406 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 3850 – 3858 | 9 | ANHVISSDS → HGYRFHLAM in isoform 3. | VSP_017347 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 3859 – 4167 | 309 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_017348 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 4121 – 4167 | 47 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_017349 | |||||
| Natural variant | 671 | 1 | V → G: dbSNP rs2037814. Ref.1 | VAR_025433 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1412 | 1 | G → A: dbSNP rs6546837. | VAR_056734 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1875 | 1 | I → V: dbSNP rs6546838. | VAR_059575 | |||||
| Natural variant | 2111 | 1 | S → R: dbSNP rs6724782. Ref.1 | VAR_025434 | |||||
| Natural variant | 2284 | 1 | R → P: dbSNP rs6546839. | VAR_059576 | |||||
| Natural variant | 2574 | 1 | S → N: dbSNP rs3820700. Ref.5 | VAR_025435 | |||||
| Natural variant | 2672 | 1 | D → H: dbSNP rs2017116. Ref.5 | VAR_025436 | |||||
| Natural variant | 2856 | 1 | N → S: dbSNP rs10193972. | VAR_059577 | |||||
| Natural variant | 3434 | 1 | K → E: dbSNP rs34071195. | VAR_059578 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 13 | 1 | E → EE Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 524 | 1 | S → SP in CAD10391. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 3416 | 1 | Q → L in AAH35025. Ref.5 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 3416 | 1 | Q → L in AAH50330. Ref.5 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Mutation of ALMS1, a large gene with a tandem repeat encoding 47 amino acids, causes Alstrom syndrome." Hearn T., Renforth G.L., Spalluto C., Hanley N.A., Piper K., Brickwood S., White C., Connolly V., Taylor J.F.N., Russell-Eggitt I., Bonneau D., Walker M., Wilson D.I. Nat. Genet. 31:79-83(2002) [PubMed: 11941370] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS GLY-671 AND ARG-2111; INVOLVEMENT IN ALSTROM SYNDROME, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. Tissue: Lymphoblast. |
| [2] | "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. Wilson R.K.Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed: 15815621] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [3] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro." Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Nakajima D., Ohira M., Seki N., Miyajima N., Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O. DNA Res. 4:141-150(1997) [PubMed: 9205841] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 2066-4167 (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Brain. |
| [4] | "Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones." Nakajima D., Okazaki N., Yamakawa H., Kikuno R., Ohara O., Nagase T. DNA Res. 9:99-106(2002) [PubMed: 12168954] [Abstract] Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 2400-4167 (ISOFORM 3), VARIANTS ASN-2574 AND HIS-2672. Tissue: Testis. |
| [6] | "Mutations in ALMS1 cause obesity, type 2 diabetes and neurosensory degeneration in Alstrom syndrome." Collin G.B., Marshall J.D., Ikeda A., So W.V., Russell-Eggitt I., Maffei P., Beck S., Boerkoel C., Sicolo N., Martin M., Nishina P.M., Naggert J.K. Nat. Genet. 31:74-78(2002) [PubMed: 11941369] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN ALSTROM SYNDROME, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. |
| [7] | "Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling." Andersen J.S., Wilkinson C.J., Mayor T., Mortensen P., Nigg E.A., Mann M. Nature 426:570-574(2003) [PubMed: 14654843] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [8] | "Subcellular localization of ALMS1 supports involvement of centrosome and basal body dysfunction in the pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes." Hearn T., Spalluto C., Phillips V.J., Renforth G.L., Copin N., Hanley N.A., Wilson D.I. Diabetes 54:1581-1587(2005) [PubMed: 15855349] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [9] | "ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage." Matsuoka S., Ballif B.A., Smogorzewska A., McDonald E.R. III, Hurov K.E., Luo J., Bakalarski C.E., Zhao Z., Solimini N., Lerenthal Y., Shiloh Y., Gygi S.P., Elledge S.J. Science 316:1160-1166(2007) [PubMed: 17525332] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-2779, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| AJ417593 mRNA. Translation: CAD10391.2. AC074008 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY24208.1. AC092653 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC096546 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAX82023.1. AB002326 mRNA. Translation: BAA20786.3. BC035025 mRNA. Translation: AAH35025.1. BC050330 mRNA. Translation: AAH50330.1. | |
| IPI | IPI00178743. IPI00740123. IPI00740909. |
| RefSeq | NP_055935.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.184720 |
3D structure databases | |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | Q8TCU4. 1 interaction. |
| STRING | Q8TCU4. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q8TCU4. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | Q8TCU4. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000264448; ENSP00000264448; ENSG00000116127; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] |
| GeneID | 7840. |
| KEGG | hsa:7840. |
| UCSC | uc002sjf.1. human. uc002sjg.2. human. uc002sjh.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 7840. |
| GeneCards | GC02P073466. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0002166. |
| HGNC | HGNC:428. ALMS1. |
| MIM | 203800. phenotype. 606844. gene. |
| Orphanet | 64. Alstroem syndrome. |
| PharmGKB | PA24721. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| HOGENOM | Q8TCU4. |
| HOVERGEN | Q8TCU4. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Reactome | REACT_152. Cell Cycle, Mitotic. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q8TCU4. |
| Bgee | Q8TCU4. |
| CleanEx | HS_ALMS1. |
| Genevestigator | Q8TCU4. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000116127. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| NextBio | 30245. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | ALMS1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q8TCU4 Secondary accession number(s): Q53S05 Q9Y4G4 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |

Clusters with


