Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q8RXG3 (M2K5_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5
      Short name=MAP kinase kinase 5
      Short name=AtMKK5
      Short name=AtMAP2Kalpha
    EC=2.7.12.2

Gene names

Name:	MKK5
Ordered Locus Names:	At3g21220
ORF Names:	MXL8.8

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	348 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Involved in the second phase of hydrogen peroxide generation during hypersensitive response-like cell death. Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. Activates by phosphorylation the downstream MPK3 and MPK6. Ref.5 Ref.6
Catalytic activity	ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.
Enzyme regulation	Activated through serine and threonine phosphorylation by MEKK1. Ref.6
Tissue specificity	Expressed in leaves and at lower levels in roots. Ref.2
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated on Thr-215 and Ser-221, which activates the enzyme. Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAL91161.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 10.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Hypersensitive response Plant defense
Ligand	ATP-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Kinase Serine/threonine-protein kinase Transferase
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	defense response, incompatible interaction Ref.6 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR floral organ abscission Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR plant-type hypersensitive response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protein amino acid phosphorylation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Molecular function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protein serine/threonine kinase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 348	348	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5		PRO_0000245824
Regions
	Domain	70 – 325	256	Protein kinase
	Nucleotide binding	76 – 84	9	ATP By similarity
Sites
	Active site	187	1	Proton acceptor By similarity
	Binding site	99	1	ATP By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	215	1	Phosphothreonine Ref.6
	Modified residue	221	1	Phosphoserine Ref.6
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	99	1	K → M: Loss of kinase activity. Ref.5 Ref.6
	Mutagenesis	99	1	K → R: Loss of kinase activity. Ref.5 Ref.6
	Mutagenesis	215	1	T → D: Constitutively active; when associated with D-221. Ref.5 Ref.6
	Mutagenesis	215	1	T → E: Constitutively active; when associated with E-221. Ref.5 Ref.6
	Mutagenesis	221	1	S → D: Constitutively active; when associated with D-215. Ref.5 Ref.6
	Mutagenesis	221	1	S → E: Constitutively active; when associated with E-215. Ref.5 Ref.6
	Sequence conflict	192	1	N → D in BAA28831. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q8RXG3-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 11, 2006. Version 2. Checksum: 216C96728F34B5B5	FASTA	348	38,329
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKPIQSPSGV ASPMKNRLRK RPDLSLPLPH RDVALAVPLP LPPPSSSSSA PASSSAISTN 70 80 90 100 110 120 ISAAKSLSEL ERVNRIGSGA GGTVYKVIHT PTSRPFALKV IYGNHEDTVR RQICREIEIL 130 140 150 160 170 180 RSVDHPNVVK CHDMFDHNGE IQVLLEFMDQ GSLEGAHIWQ EQELADLSRQ ILSGLAYLHR 190 200 210 220 230 240 RHIVHRDIKP SNLLINSAKN VKIADFGVSR ILAQTMDPCN SSVGTIAYMS PERINTDLNH 250 260 270 280 290 300 GRYDGYAGDV WSLGVSILEF YLGRFPFAVS RQGDWASLMC AICMSQPPEA PATASQEFRH 310 320 330 340 FVSCCLQSDP PKRWSAQQLL QHPFILKATG GPNLRQMLPP PRPLPSAS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Molecular cloning and characterization of three cDNAs encoding putative mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs) in Arabidopsis thaliana." Ichimura K., Mizoguchi T., Hayashida N., Seki M., Shinozaki K. DNA Res. 5:341-348(1998) [PubMed: 10048483] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Molecular characterization and expression of an Arabidopsis thaliana L. MAP kinase kinase cDNA AtMAP2Kalpha." Hamal A., Jouannic S., Leprince A.-S., Kreis M., Henry Y. Plant Sci. 140:41-52(1999) Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: cv. Columbia. Tissue: Root.
[3]	"Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC clones." Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Tabata S. DNA Res. 7:131-135(2000) [PubMed: 10819329] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Cell death mediated by MAPK is associated with hydrogen peroxide production in Arabidopsis." Ren D., Yang H., Zhang S. J. Biol. Chem. 277:559-565(2002) [PubMed: 11687590] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-99; THR-215 AND SER-221.
[6]	"MAP kinase signalling cascade in Arabidopsis innate immunity." Asai T., Tena G., Plotnikova J., Willmann M.R., Chiu W.-L., Gomez-Gomez L., Boller T., Ausubel F.M., Sheen J. Nature 415:977-983(2002) [PubMed: 11875555] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, ENZYME REGULATION, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-215 AND SER-221, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-99; THR-215 AND SER-221.
[7]	"Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in plants: a new nomenclature." MAPK group Trends Plant Sci. 7:301-308(2002) [PubMed: 12119167] [Abstract] Cited for: NOMENCLATURE.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AB015316 mRNA. Translation: BAA28831.1. Y07694 mRNA. Translation: CAA68958.1. AB023045 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB01714.1. AY081272 mRNA. Translation: AAL91161.1. Frameshift. AY114558 mRNA. Translation: AAM47877.1. Different initiation.
IPI	IPI00543365.
PIR	T51340. T52635.
RefSeq	NP_188759.1.
UniGene	At.24898 At.71795
3D structure databases
SMR	Q8RXG3. Positions 68-329.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q8RXG3. 1 interaction.
STRING	Q8RXG3.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q8RXG3.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	821676.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT3G21220 in contig BA000014_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT3G21220.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.14356.
Organism-specific databases
GeneFarm	832. 89.
TAIR	At3g21220.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	KOG0581.
HOGENOM	HBG755340.
InParanoid	Q8RXG3.
OMA	HIATEPL.
PhylomeDB	Q8RXG3.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	2.7.12.2. 302.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q8RXG3.
Genevestigator	Q8RXG3.
GermOnline	AT3G21220. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR017442. Se/Thr_prot_kinase-like_dom. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_AS. IPR002290. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_dom. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

M2K5_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8RXG3
Secondary accession number(s): O80398, Q96517

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 11, 2006
Last sequence update:	July 11, 2006
Last modified:	February 9, 2010
This is version 57 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)