Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q8RVQ9 (HTR12_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Histone H3-like centromeric protein HTR12
Alternative name(s):
    Centromeric histone CENH3

Gene names

Name:	HTR12
Synonyms:	CENH3
Ordered Locus Names:	At1g01370
ORF Names:	F6F3.17

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	178 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Histone H3-like variant which exclusively replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the inner plate of the kinetochore. Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division By similarity.
Subunit structure	Forms a nucleosome-like histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, HTR12 and H4 assembled in one HTR12-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers By similarity.
Subcellular location	Nucleus. Centromere. Kinetochore. Note: Localizes exclusively in the kinetochore domain of centromeres. Ref.1 Ref.8
Developmental stage	Expressed and/or deposited to centromeres during G2 phase. Ref.8
Domain	The C-terminal histone fold domain is sufficient to direct HTR12 to centromeres.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the histone H3 family.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAF97340.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Centromere Chromosomal protein Kinetochore Nucleosome core Nucleus
Ligand	DNA-binding
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR nucleosome assembly Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	condensed chromosome kinetochore Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell nucleosome Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW nucleus Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	DNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed By similarity
	Chain	2 – 178	177	Histone H3-like centromeric protein HTR12		PRO_0000264610
Natural variations
	Natural variant	21	1	G → A in strain: cv. Be-0, cv. Kl-0, cv. Tac-0 and cv. Wassilewskija. Ref.1
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	132	1	A → S in AAM64429. Ref.6

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q8RVQ9-1 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 3. Checksum: D19826721CF6202E	FASTA	178	19,709
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MARTKHRVTR SQPRNQTDAA GASSSQAAGP TTTPTRRGGE GGDNTQQTNP TTSPATGTRR 70 80 90 100 110 120 GAKRSRQAMP RGSQKKSYRY RPGTVALKEI RHFQKQTNLL IPAASFIREV RSITHMLAPP 130 140 150 160 170 QINRWTAEAL VALQEAAEDY LVGLFSDSML CAIHARRVTL MRKDFELARR LGGKGRPW

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Centromeric localization and adaptive evolution of an Arabidopsis histone H3 variant." Talbert P.B., Masuelli R., Tyagi A.P., Comai L., Henikoff S. Plant Cell 14:1053-1066(2002) [PubMed: 12034896] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT ALA-21, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. Strain: cv. Be-0, cv. Bu-20, cv. Columbia, cv. Fi-0, cv. Kl-0, cv. Landsberg erecta, cv. Nd-1, cv. No-0 and cv. Tac-0. Tissue: Flower.
[2]	"Histon H3-like gene of Arabidopsis species." Kawabe A., Nasuda S. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O., Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E., Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K. , Conn L., Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P., Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D., Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J., Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L., Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A., Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A., Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M., Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M., Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P., Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D., Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D., Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W. Nature 408:816-820(2000) [PubMed: 11130712] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Arabidopsis ORF clones." Shinn P., Chen H., Kim C.J., Ecker J.R. Submitted (MAR-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs." Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A., Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y., Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K. , Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y., Shinozaki K. Submitted (SEP-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[6]	"Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana." Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B., Feldmann K.A. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[7]	"Analysis of the histone H3 gene family in Arabidopsis and identification of the male-gamete-specific variant AtMGH3." Okada T., Endo M., Singh M.B., Bhalla P.L. Plant J. 44:557-568(2005) [PubMed: 16262706] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION, NOMENCLATURE, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[8]	"Loading of Arabidopsis centromeric histone CENH3 occurs mainly during G2 and requires the presence of the histone fold domain." Lermontova I., Schubert V., Fuchs J., Klatte S., Macas J., Schubert I. Plant Cell 18:2443-2451(2006) [PubMed: 17028205] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AF465800 mRNA. Translation: AAL86775.1. AB081500 mRNA. Translation: BAC79427.1. AC023628 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF97340.1. Sequence problems. BT024771 mRNA. Translation: ABD59109.1. AK175840 mRNA. Translation: BAD43603.1. AY086361 mRNA. Translation: AAM64429.1.
IPI	IPI00548000.
PIR	B86144.
RefSeq	NP_001030927.1. NP_563627.1.
UniGene	At.42652
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q8RVQ9.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	839104.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT1G01370 in contig CT485782_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT1G01370.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.245.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At1g01370.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	ASFIREV
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q8RVQ9.
Genevestigator	Q8RVQ9.
GermOnline	AT1G01370. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR009072. Histone-fold. IPR007125. Histone_core_D. IPR000164. Histone_H3. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.20.10. Histone-fold. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR11426. Histone_H3. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00125. Histone. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00622. HISTONEH3.
SMART	SM00428. H3. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

HTR12_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8RVQ9
Secondary accession number(s): Q8LCW8, Q9LNI6

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 12, 2006
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	November 24, 2009
This is version 52 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)