Q8NHQ1 (CEP70_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Centrosomal protein of 70 kDa
Short name=Cep70

Alternative name(s):
p10-binding protein

Gene names

Name:	CEP70
Synonyms:	BITE

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	597 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Plays a role in the organization of both preexisting and nascent microtubules in interphase cells. During mitosis, required for the organization and orientation of the mitotic spindle.
Subunit structure	Directly interacts with tubulin-gamma; this interaction determines centrosomal localization. Ref.7
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › centrosome. Note: Localized at the center of the radial microtubule array in interphase and at the spindle poles during various stages of mitosis. Ref.6 Ref.7
Domain	The coiled-coil domains may be important for tubulin-gamma-binding and hence for centrosomal localization.
Sequence similarities	Contains 1 TPR repeat.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Coiled coil TPR repeat
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Cellular_component	centrosome Inferred from direct assay PubMed 21399614. Source: UniProtKB cytosol Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome nuclear membrane Inferred from direct assay. Source: HPA
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
COIL	P38432	3	EBI-739624,EBI-945751
NRIP1	P48552	3	EBI-739624,EBI-746484
ZNF408	Q9H9D4	3	EBI-739624,EBI-347633

Alternative products

This entry describes 5 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q8NHQ1-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q8NHQ1-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     551-554: SIIY → RYLF
     555-597: Missing.

Isoform 3 (identifier: Q8NHQ1-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     213-597: Missing.

Isoform 4 (identifier: Q8NHQ1-4)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-18: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Isoform 5 (identifier: Q8NHQ1-5)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-18: Missing.
     22-23: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 597	597	Centrosomal protein of 70 kDa		PRO_0000089497
Regions
	Repeat	483 – 516	34	TPR
	Coiled coil	75 – 179	105	Potential
	Coiled coil	254 – 326	73	Potential
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	1 – 18	18	Missing in isoform 4 and isoform 5.		VSP_042140
	Alternative sequence	22 – 23	2	Missing in isoform 5.		VSP_042141
	Alternative sequence	213 – 597	385	Missing in isoform 3.		VSP_012745
	Alternative sequence	551 – 554	4	SIIY → RYLF in isoform 2.		VSP_012746
	Alternative sequence	555 – 597	43	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_012747
	Natural variant	135	1	S → N. Ref.2 Ref.4 Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs1673607 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_021177
	Natural variant	537	1	N → S. Corresponds to variant rs35340237 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_061590
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	52	1	Missing in BAB14403. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	293	1	Q → L in BAH12924. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	371	1	Q → R in BAB14403. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	385	1	Q → R in BAH13584. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	393	1	V → A in BAH13584. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	471	1	S → P in AAG35616. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	471	1	S → P in AAG35791. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	478	1	D → G in AAG35616. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	478	1	D → G in AAG35791. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified February 1, 2005. Version 2. Checksum: 345EEEB9B1F0D6C7	FASTA	597	69,752
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MFPVAPKPQD SSQPSDRLMT EKQQEEAEWE SINVLLMMHG LKPLSLVKRT DLKDLIIFDK 70 80 90 100 110 120 QSSQRMRQNL KLLVEETSCQ QNMIQELIET NQQLRNELQL EQSRAANQEQ RANDLEQIME 130 140 150 160 170 180 SVKSKIGELE DESLSRACHQ QNKIKDLQKE QKTLQVKCQH YKKKRTEQEE TIASLQMEVC 190 200 210 220 230 240 RLKKEEEDRI VTQNRVFAYL CKRVPHTVLD RQLLCLIDYY ESKIRKIHTQ RQYKEDESQS 250 260 270 280 290 300 EEENDYRNLD ASPTYKGLLM SLQNQLKESK SKIDALSSEK LNLQKDLETR PTQHELRLYK 310 320 330 340 350 360 QQVKKLEKAL KKNVKLQELI NHKKAEDTEK KDEPSKYNQQ QALIDQRYFQ VLCSINSIIH 370 380 390 400 410 420 NPRAPVIIYK QTKGGVQNFN KDLVQDCGFE HLVPVIEMWA DQLTSLKDLY KSLKTLSAEL 430 440 450 460 470 480 VPWLNLKKQD ENEGIKVEDL LFIVDTMLEE VENKEKDSNM PHFQTLQAIV SHFQKLFDVP 490 500 510 520 530 540 SLNGVYPRMN EVYTRLGEMN NAVRNLQELL ELDSSSSLCV LVSTVGKLCR LINEDVNEQV 550 560 570 580 590 MQVLGPEDLQ SIIYKLEEHE EFFPAFQAFT NDLLEILEID DLDAIVPAVK KLKVLSY
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: 995E0945339F20CA	FASTA	554	64,880
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MFPVAPKPQD SSQPSDRLMT EKQQEEAEWE SINVLLMMHG LKPLSLVKRT DLKDLIIFDK 70 80 90 100 110 120 QSSQRMRQNL KLLVEETSCQ QNMIQELIET NQQLRNELQL EQSRAANQEQ RANDLEQIME 130 140 150 160 170 180 SVKSKIGELE DESLSRACHQ QNKIKDLQKE QKTLQVKCQH YKKKRTEQEE TIASLQMEVC 190 200 210 220 230 240 RLKKEEEDRI VTQNRVFAYL CKRVPHTVLD RQLLCLIDYY ESKIRKIHTQ RQYKEDESQS 250 260 270 280 290 300 EEENDYRNLD ASPTYKGLLM SLQNQLKESK SKIDALSSEK LNLQKDLETR PTQHELRLYK 310 320 330 340 350 360 QQVKKLEKAL KKNVKLQELI NHKKAEDTEK KDEPSKYNQQ QALIDQRYFQ VLCSINSIIH 370 380 390 400 410 420 NPRAPVIIYK QTKGGVQNFN KDLVQDCGFE HLVPVIEMWA DQLTSLKDLY KSLKTLSAEL 430 440 450 460 470 480 VPWLNLKKQD ENEGIKVEDL LFIVDTMLEE VENKEKDSNM PHFQTLQAIV SHFQKLFDVP 490 500 510 520 530 540 SLNGVYPRMN EVYTRLGEMN NAVRNLQELL ELDSSSSLCV LVSTVGKLCR LINEDVNEQV 550 MQVLGPEDLQ RYLF
	Isoform 3 [UniParc]. Checksum: 5E1C436C297C8CF3	FASTA	212	25,034
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MFPVAPKPQD SSQPSDRLMT EKQQEEAEWE SINVLLMMHG LKPLSLVKRT DLKDLIIFDK 70 80 90 100 110 120 QSSQRMRQNL KLLVEETSCQ QNMIQELIET NQQLRNELQL EQSRAANQEQ RANDLEQIME 130 140 150 160 170 180 SVKSKIGELE DESLSRACHQ QNKIKDLQKE QKTLQVKCQH YKKKRTEQEE TIASLQMEVC 190 200 210 RLKKEEEDRI VTQNRVFAYL CKRVPHTVLD RQ
	Isoform 4 [UniParc]. Checksum: AE654471BDE652DF	FASTA	579	67,770
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTEKQQEEAE WESINVLLMM HGLKPLSLVK RTDLKDLIIF DKQSSQRMRQ NLKLLVEETS 70 80 90 100 110 120 CQQNMIQELI ETNQQLRNEL QLEQSRAANQ EQRANDLEQI MESVKSKIGE LEDESLSRAC 130 140 150 160 170 180 HQQNKIKDLQ KEQKTLQVKC QHYKKKRTEQ EETIASLQME VCRLKKEEED RIVTQNRVFA 190 200 210 220 230 240 YLCKRVPHTV LDRQLLCLID YYESKIRKIH TQRQYKEDES QSEEENDYRN LDASPTYKGL 250 260 270 280 290 300 LMSLQNQLKE SKSKIDALSS EKLNLQKDLE TRPTQHELRL YKQQVKKLEK ALKKNVKLQE 310 320 330 340 350 360 LINHKKAEDT EKKDEPSKYN QQQALIDQRY FQVLCSINSI IHNPRAPVII YKQTKGGVQN 370 380 390 400 410 420 FNKDLVQDCG FEHLVPVIEM WADQLTSLKD LYKSLKTLSA ELVPWLNLKK QDENEGIKVE 430 440 450 460 470 480 DLLFIVDTML EEVENKEKDS NMPHFQTLQA IVSHFQKLFD VPSLNGVYPR MNEVYTRLGE 490 500 510 520 530 540 MNNAVRNLQE LLELDSSSSL CVLVSTVGKL CRLINEDVNE QVMQVLGPED LQSIIYKLEE 550 560 570 HEEFFPAFQA FTNDLLEILE IDDLDAIVPA VKKLKVLSY
	Isoform 5 [UniParc]. Checksum: F4A66BB90BB75EAE	FASTA	577	67,513
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTEQEEAEWE SINVLLMMHG LKPLSLVKRT DLKDLIIFDK QSSQRMRQNL KLLVEETSCQ 70 80 90 100 110 120 QNMIQELIET NQQLRNELQL EQSRAANQEQ RANDLEQIME SVKSKIGELE DESLSRACHQ 130 140 150 160 170 180 QNKIKDLQKE QKTLQVKCQH YKKKRTEQEE TIASLQMEVC RLKKEEEDRI VTQNRVFAYL 190 200 210 220 230 240 CKRVPHTVLD RQLLCLIDYY ESKIRKIHTQ RQYKEDESQS EEENDYRNLD ASPTYKGLLM 250 260 270 280 290 300 SLQNQLKESK SKIDALSSEK LNLQKDLETR PTQHELRLYK QQVKKLEKAL KKNVKLQELI 310 320 330 340 350 360 NHKKAEDTEK KDEPSKYNQQ QALIDQRYFQ VLCSINSIIH NPRAPVIIYK QTKGGVQNFN 370 380 390 400 410 420 KDLVQDCGFE HLVPVIEMWA DQLTSLKDLY KSLKTLSAEL VPWLNLKKQD ENEGIKVEDL 430 440 450 460 470 480 LFIVDTMLEE VENKEKDSNM PHFQTLQAIV SHFQKLFDVP SLNGVYPRMN EVYTRLGEMN 490 500 510 520 530 540 NAVRNLQELL ELDSSSSLCV LVSTVGKLCR LINEDVNEQV MQVLGPEDLQ SIIYKLEEHE 550 560 570 EFFPAFQAFT NDLLEILEID DLDAIVPAVK KLKVLSY

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and characterization of BITE: a binding partner of the cell cycle inhibitor p10." Tschan M.P., Cajot J.-F., Grob T.J., Fey M.F., Tobler A. Submitted (NOV-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). Tissue: Chronic myeloid leukemia cell.
[2]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 4 AND 5), VARIANT ASN-135. Tissue: Teratocarcinoma and Testis.
[3]	"The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3." Muzny D.M., Scherer S.E., Kaul R., Wang J., Yu J., Sudbrak R., Buhay C.J., Chen R., Cree A., Ding Y., Dugan-Rocha S., Gill R., Gunaratne P., Harris R.A., Hawes A.C., Hernandez J., Hodgson A.V., Hume J. , Jackson A., Khan Z.M., Kovar-Smith C., Lewis L.R., Lozado R.J., Metzker M.L., Milosavljevic A., Miner G.R., Morgan M.B., Nazareth L.V., Scott G., Sodergren E., Song X.-Z., Steffen D., Wei S., Wheeler D.A., Wright M.W., Worley K.C., Yuan Y., Zhang Z., Adams C.Q., Ansari-Lari M.A., Ayele M., Brown M.J., Chen G., Chen Z., Clendenning J., Clerc-Blankenburg K.P., Chen R., Chen Z., Davis C., Delgado O., Dinh H.H., Dong W., Draper H., Ernst S., Fu G., Gonzalez-Garay M.L., Garcia D.K., Gillett W., Gu J., Hao B., Haugen E., Havlak P., He X., Hennig S., Hu S., Huang W., Jackson L.R., Jacob L.S., Kelly S.H., Kube M., Levy R., Li Z., Liu B., Liu J., Liu W., Lu J., Maheshwari M., Nguyen B.-V., Okwuonu G.O., Palmeiri A., Pasternak S., Perez L.M., Phelps K.A., Plopper F.J., Qiang B., Raymond C., Rodriguez R., Saenphimmachak C., Santibanez J., Shen H., Shen Y., Subramanian S., Tabor P.E., Verduzco D., Waldron L., Wang J., Wang J., Wang Q., Williams G.A., Wong G.K.-S., Yao Z., Zhang J., Zhang X., Zhao G., Zhou J., Zhou Y., Nelson D., Lehrach H., Reinhardt R., Naylor S.L., Yang H., Olson M., Weinstock G., Gibbs R.A. Nature 440:1194-1198(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ASN-135.
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 3), VARIANT ASN-135. Tissue: Skin and Testis.
[6]	"Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling." Andersen J.S., Wilkinson C.J., Mayor T., Mortensen P., Nigg E.A., Mann M. Nature 426:570-574(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: MASS SPECTROMETRY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. Tissue: Lymphoblast.
[7]	"CEP70 protein interacts with gamma-tubulin to localize at the centrosome and is critical for mitotic spindle assembly." Shi X., Sun X., Liu M., Li D., Aneja R., Zhou J. J. Biol. Chem. 286:33401-33408(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH TUBULIN-GAMMA.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF202146 mRNA. Translation: AAG35616.1. AF289495 mRNA. Translation: AAG35791.1. AK023098 mRNA. Translation: BAB14403.1. AK299003 mRNA. Translation: BAH12924.1. AK301913 mRNA. Translation: BAH13584.1. AC020890 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC072045 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471052 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW79062.1. CH471052 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW79063.1. BC016050 mRNA. Translation: AAH16050.1. BC030598 mRNA. Translation: AAH30598.1.
IPI	IPI00304022. IPI00549676. IPI00549791.
RefSeq	NP_077817.2. NM_024491.2.
UniGene	Hs.531962.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q8NHQ1.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q8NHQ1. 24 interactions.
MINT	MINT-1446081.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000264982.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q8NHQ1.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	84028943.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q8NHQ1.
PRIDE	Q8NHQ1.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	80321.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000264982; ENSP00000264982; ENSG00000114107. ENST00000464035; ENSP00000419743; ENSG00000114107. ENST00000474781; ENSP00000419833; ENSG00000114107. ENST00000481834; ENSP00000417465; ENSG00000114107. ENST00000484888; ENSP00000419231; ENSG00000114107. ENST00000542237; ENSP00000444128; ENSG00000114107.
GeneID	80321.
KEGG	hsa:80321.
UCSC	uc003esl.3. human. uc003esm.3. human. uc003esn.3. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	80321.
GeneCards	GC03M138213.
H-InvDB	HIX0018484.
HGNC	HGNC:29972. CEP70.
HPA	HPA036941. HPA036942.
MIM	614310. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q8NHQ1.
PharmGKB	PA128394729.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG68751.
HOGENOM	HOG000290163.
HOVERGEN	HBG050899.
InParanoid	Q8NHQ1.
KO	K16802.
OMA	NEGIKVE.
OrthoDB	EOG42V8GH.
PhylomeDB	Q8NHQ1.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_115566. Cell Cycle.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q8NHQ1.
Bgee	Q8NHQ1.
CleanEx	HS_CEP70.
Genevestigator	Q8NHQ1.
GermOnline	ENSG00000114107. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR013026. TPR-contain_dom. IPR019734. TPR_repeat. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50005. TPR. 1 hit. PS50293. TPR_REGION. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	80321.
NextBio	70839.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CEP70_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8NHQ1
Secondary accession number(s): B7Z5I8 , B7Z7E8, D3DNE9, F5GZX8, Q96B31, Q9H2C3, Q9H2Z1, Q9H940

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 1, 2005
Last sequence update:	February 1, 2005
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 89 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.