Q8N196 (SIX5_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Homeobox protein SIX5

Alternative name(s):
DM locus-associated homeodomain protein
Sine oculis homeobox homolog 5

Gene names

Name:	SIX5
Synonyms:	DMAHP

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	739 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Transcription factor that is thought to be involved in regulation of organogenesis. May be involved in determination and maintenance of retina formation. Binds a 5'-GGTGTCAG-3' motif present in the ARE regulatory element of ATP1A1. Binds a 5'-TCA[AG][AG]TTNC-3' motif present in the MEF3 element in the myogenin promoter, and in the IGFBP5 promoter By similarity. Thought to be regulated by association with Dach and Eya proteins, and seems to be coactivated by EYA1, EYA2 and EYA3 By similarity.
Subunit structure	Probably binds DNA dimer. Interacts with EYA3, and probably EYA1 and EYA2 By similarity.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm. Nucleus Ref.7.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in adult but not in fetal eyes. Found in corneal epithelium and endothelium, lens epithelium, ciliary body epithelia, cellular layers of the retina and the sclera. Ref.5
Developmental stage	At the begin of fourth week of development detected in cytoplasm of somite cells, and at the end of fourth week is accumulated in the nucleus. Between the sixth and eighth week of development detected in the nucleus of limb bud cells. Ref.7
Involvement in disease	Branchiootorenal syndrome 2 (BOR2) [MIM:610896]: A syndrome characterized by branchial cleft fistulas or cysts, sensorineural and/or conductive hearing loss, pre-auricular pits, structural defects of the outer, middle or inner ear, and renal malformations. Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.8
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the SIX/Sine oculis homeobox family. Contains 1 homeobox DNA-binding domain.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAH33204.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Aberrant splicing. The sequence AK074826 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous termination at position 721. Translated as Glu.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Transcription Transcription regulation
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Disease	Deafness Disease mutation
Domain	Homeobox
Ligand	DNA-binding
Molecular function	Activator Developmental protein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	lens development in camera-type eye Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of cell proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara spermatid development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara transcription, DNA-dependent Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular_component	cytoplasm Inferred from direct assay. Source: HPA nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular_function	sequence-specific DNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
ATXN1	P54253	4	EBI-946167,EBI-930964

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 739	739	Homeobox protein SIX5		PRO_0000049305
Regions
	DNA binding	201 – 260	60	Homeobox Ref.6
Natural variations
	Natural variant	158	1	A → T in BOR2; affects Eya1 binding and the ability to activate gene transcription. Ref.8		VAR_032941
	Natural variant	296	1	A → T in BOR2. Ref.8		VAR_032942
	Natural variant	365	1	G → R in BOR2. Ref.8		VAR_032943
	Natural variant	552	1	T → M in BOR2; affects Eya1 binding and the ability to activate gene transcription. Ref.8		VAR_032944
	Natural variant	556	1	L → V. Corresponds to variant rs2014377 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_032945
	Natural variant	635	1	P → S. Corresponds to variant rs2014576 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_032946
	Natural variant	693	1	V → M. Corresponds to variant rs2341097 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_032947

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q8N196 [UniParc]. Last modified June 26, 2007. Version 3. Checksum: D8A2E8DBBBA263A2	FASTA	739	74,562
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MATLPAEPSA GPAAGGEAVA AAAATEEEEE EARQLLQTLQ AAEGEAAAAA GAGAGAAAAG 70 80 90 100 110 120 AEGPGSPGVP GSPPEAASEP PTGLRFSPEQ VACVCEALLQ AGHAGRLSRF LGALPPAERL 130 140 150 160 170 180 RGSDPVLRAR ALVAFQRGEY AELYRLLESR PFPAAHHAFL QDLYLRARYH EAERARGRAL 190 200 210 220 230 240 GAVDKYRLRK KFPLPKTIWD GEETVYCFKE RSRAALKACY RGNRYPTPDE KRRLATLTGL 250 260 270 280 290 300 SLTQVSNWFK NRRQRDRTGA GGGAPCKSES DGNPTTEDES SRSPEDLERG AAPVSAEAAA 310 320 330 340 350 360 QGSIFLAGTG PPAPCPASSS ILVNGSFLAA SGSPAVLLNG GPVIINGLAL GEASSLGPLL 370 380 390 400 410 420 LTGGGGAPPP QPSPQGASET KTSLVLDPQT GEVRLEEAQS EAPETKGAQV AAPGPALGEE 430 440 450 460 470 480 VLGPLAQVVP GPPTAATFPL PPGPVPAVAA PQVVPLSPPP GYPTGLSPTS PLLNLPQVVP 490 500 510 520 530 540 TSQVVTLPQA VGPLQLLAAG PGSPVKVAAA AGPANVHLIN SGVGVTALQL PSATAPGNFL 550 560 570 580 590 600 LANPVSGSPI VTGVALQQGK IILTATFPTS MLVSQVLPPA PGLALPLKPE TAISVPEGGL 610 620 630 640 650 660 PVAPSPALPE AHALGTLSAQ QPPPAAATTS STSLPFSPDS PGLLPNFPAP PPEGLMLSPA 670 680 690 700 710 720 AVPVWSAGLE LSAGTEGLLE AEKGLGTQAP HTVLRLPDPD PEGLLLGATA GGEVDEGLEA 730 EAKVLTQLQS VPVEEPLEL

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A novel homeodomain-encoding gene is associated with a large CpG island interrupted by the myotonic dystrophy unstable (CTG)n repeat." Boucher C.A., King S.K., Carey N., Krahe R., Winchester C.L., Rahman S., Creavin T., Meghji P., Bailey M.E., Chartier F.L., Brown S.D., Sicilliano M.J., Johnson K.J. Hum. Mol. Genet. 4:1919-1925(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19." Grimwood J., Gordon L.A., Olsen A.S., Terry A., Schmutz J., Lamerdin J.E., Hellsten U., Goodstein D., Couronne O., Tran-Gyamfi M., Aerts A., Altherr M., Ashworth L., Bajorek E., Black S., Branscomb E., Caenepeel S., Carrano A.V. , Caoile C., Chan Y.M., Christensen M., Cleland C.A., Copeland A., Dalin E., Dehal P., Denys M., Detter J.C., Escobar J., Flowers D., Fotopulos D., Garcia C., Georgescu A.M., Glavina T., Gomez M., Gonzales E., Groza M., Hammon N., Hawkins T., Haydu L., Ho I., Huang W., Israni S., Jett J., Kadner K., Kimball H., Kobayashi A., Larionov V., Leem S.-H., Lopez F., Lou Y., Lowry S., Malfatti S., Martinez D., McCready P.M., Medina C., Morgan J., Nelson K., Nolan M., Ovcharenko I., Pitluck S., Pollard M., Popkie A.P., Predki P., Quan G., Ramirez L., Rash S., Retterer J., Rodriguez A., Rogers S., Salamov A., Salazar A., She X., Smith D., Slezak T., Solovyev V., Thayer N., Tice H., Tsai M., Ustaszewska A., Vo N., Wagner M., Wheeler J., Wu K., Xie G., Yang J., Dubchak I., Furey T.S., DeJong P., Dickson M., Gordon D., Eichler E.E., Pennacchio L.A., Richardson P., Stubbs L., Rokhsar D.S., Myers R.M., Rubin E.M., Lucas S.M. Nature 428:529-535(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Eye.
[4]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 185-739.
[5]	"Characterization of the expression of DMPK and SIX5 in the human eye and implications for pathogenesis in myotonic dystrophy." Winchester C.L., Ferrier R.K., Sermoni A., Clark B.J., Johnson K.J. Hum. Mol. Genet. 8:481-492(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[6]	"Functional analysis of the homeodomain protein SIX5." Harris S.E., Winchester C.L., Johnson K.J. Nucleic Acids Res. 28:1871-1878(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: DNA-BINDING.
[7]	"Six and Eya expression during human somitogenesis and MyoD gene family activation." Fougerousse F., Durand M., Lopez S., Suel L., Demignon J., Thornton C., Ozaki H., Kawakami K., Barbet P., Beckmann J.S., Maire P. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 23:255-264(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[8]	"Transcription factor SIX5 is mutated in patients with branchio-oto-renal syndrome." Hoskins B.E., Cramer C.H., Silvius D., Zou D., Raymond R.M., Orten D.J., Kimberling W.J., Smith R.J.H., Weil D., Petit C., Otto E.A., Xu P.-X., Hildebrandt F. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80:800-804(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS BOR2 THR-158; THR-296; ARG-365 AND MET-552, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS BOR2 THR-158 AND MET-552.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	X84813 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC074212 Genomic DNA. No translation available. BC033204 mRNA. Translation: AAH33204.1. Sequence problems. BU859227 mRNA. No translation available. AK074826 mRNA. No translation available.
IPI	IPI00166124. IPI00410575.
RefSeq	NP_787071.2. NM_175875.4.
UniGene	Hs.43314.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q8N196.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q8N196. 4 interactions.
MINT	MINT-2855964.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000316842.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q8N196.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	150421671.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q8N196.
PRIDE	Q8N196.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	147912.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000317578; ENSP00000316842; ENSG00000177045.
GeneID	147912.
KEGG	hsa:147912.
UCSC	uc002pdb.3. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	147912.
GeneCards	GC19M046268.
H-InvDB	HIX0202857.
HGNC	HGNC:10891. SIX5.
HPA	HPA042068.
MIM	600963. gene. 610896. phenotype.
neXtProt	NX_Q8N196.
Orphanet	107. BOR syndrome.
PharmGKB	PA35791.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG244874.
HOGENOM	HOG000154329.
HOVERGEN	HBG050139.
InParanoid	Q8N196.
OMA	AFQRGEY.
OrthoDB	EOG4FN4K6.
PhylomeDB	Q8N196.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q8N196.
Bgee	Q8N196.
CleanEx	HS_SIX5.
Genevestigator	Q8N196.
GermOnline	ENSG00000177045. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	1.10.10.60. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR017970. Homeobox_CS. IPR001356. Homeodomain. IPR009057. Homeodomain-like. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00046. Homeobox. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00389. HOX. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF46689. Homeodomain_like. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00027. HOMEOBOX_1. 1 hit. PS50071. HOMEOBOX_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	147912.
NextBio	85758.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

SIX5_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8N196

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 13, 2004
Last sequence update:	June 26, 2007
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 100 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.